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Chen Z, Guo Z, Xu N, Cao X, Niu J. Graphene nanoparticles improve alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth through multiple metabolic pathways under salinity-stressed environment. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154092. [PMID: 37716315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, one of the emerging carbon nanomaterials, has many advantages and applications. Salinity stress seriously affects ecology and agroforestry worldwide. The effects of graphene on alfalfa under salinity stress were investigated. The results indicated that graphene promoted alfalfa growth under non-salinity stress but caused some degree of damage to root cells and leaf parameters. Graphene used in salinity stress had a positive effect on growth parameters, chlorophyll, photosynthetic gas parameters, stomatal opening, ion balance, osmotic homeostasis, cell membrane integrity and antioxidant system, while it decreased Na+, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species levels. Correlation analysis revealed that most of the parameters were significantly correlated; and principal component analysis indicated that the first two dimensions (78.1% and 4.1%) explained 82.2% of the total variability, and the majority of them exceeded the average contribution. Additionally, Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway enrichment analysis showed that there were numerous differentially expressed genes and pathways to regulate alfalfa responding to salinity stress. Taken together, the findings reveal that graphene does not enter the plant, but improves the properties and adsorption of soil to enhance salt tolerance and seedling growth of alfalfa through morphological, physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic aspects. Furthermore, this study provides a reference for the application of graphene to improve soil environment and agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Nan Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xinlong Cao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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2
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Tripathi S, Mahra S, J V, Tiwari K, Rana S, Tripathi DK, Sharma S, Sahi S. Recent Advances and Perspectives of Nanomaterials in Agricultural Management and Associated Environmental Risk: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101604. [PMID: 37242021 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The advancement in nanotechnology has enabled a significant expansion in agricultural production. Agri-nanotechnology is an emerging discipline where nanotechnological methods provide diverse nanomaterials (NMs) such as nanopesticides, nanoherbicides, nanofertilizers and different nanoforms of agrochemicals for agricultural management. Applications of nanofabricated products can potentially improve the shelf life, stability, bioavailability, safety and environmental sustainability of active ingredients for sustained release. Nanoscale modification of bulk or surface properties bears tremendous potential for effective enhancement of agricultural productivity. As NMs improve the tolerance mechanisms of the plants under stressful conditions, they are considered as effective and promising tools to overcome the constraints in sustainable agricultural production. For their exceptional qualities and usages, nano-enabled products are developed and enforced, along with agriculture, in diverse sectors. The rampant usage of NMs increases their release into the environment. Once incorporated into the environment, NMs may threaten the stability and function of biological systems. Nanotechnology is a newly emerging technology, so the evaluation of the associated environmental risk is pivotal. This review emphasizes the current approach to NMs synthesis, their application in agriculture, interaction with plant-soil microbes and environmental challenges to address future applications in maintaining a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Shivani Mahra
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Victoria J
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Kavita Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Shweta Rana
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University, Pune 412115, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Shivendra Sahi
- Department of Biology, St. Joseph's University, 600 S. 43rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Effects of concentration-dependent graphene on maize seedling development and soil nutrients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2650. [PMID: 36788265 PMCID: PMC9929218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term use of chemical fertilizers to maintain agricultural production has had various harmful effects on farmland and has greatly impacted agriculture's sustainable expansion. Graphene, a unique and effective nanomaterial, is used in plant-soil applications to improve plant nutrient uptake, reduce chemical fertilizer pollution by relieving inadequate soil nutrient conditions and enhance soil absorption of nutrient components. We investigated the effects of graphene amendment on nutrient content, maize growth, and soil physicochemical parameters. In each treatment, 5 graphene concentration gradients (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 g kg-1) were applied in 2 different types (single-layer and few-layers, SL and FL). Soil aggregates, soil accessible nutrients, soil enzyme activity, plant nutrients, plant height, stem diameter, dry weight, and fresh weight were all measured throughout the maize growth to the V3 stage. Compared to the control (0 g kg-1), we found that graphene increased the percentage of large agglomerates (0.25-10 mm) in the soil and significantly increased the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and mean weight diameter (MWD) values of > 0.25 mm water-stable agglomerates as the increase of concentration. Soil available nutrient content (AN, AP, and AK) increased, peaking at 150 g kg-1. Graphene boosted nutrient absorption by maize plants, and aboveground total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents rose with the increasing application, which raised aboveground fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and stalk thickness. The findings above confirmed our prediction that adding graphene to the soil may improve maize plant biomass by enhancing soil fertility and improving the soil environment. Given the higher manufacturing cost of single-layer graphene and the greater effect of few-layer graphene on soil and maize plants at the same concentration, single-layer graphene and few-layer graphene at a concentration of 50 g kg-1 were the optimal application rates.
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Rao Y, Peng T, Xue S. Mechanisms of plant saline-alkaline tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153916. [PMID: 36645936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkaline soil affects crop growth and development, thereby suppressing the yields. Human activities and climate changes are putting arable land under the threat of saline-alkalization. To feed a growing global population in limited arable land, it is of great urgence to breed saline-alkaline tolerant crops to cope with food security. Plant salt-tolerance mechanisms have already been explored for decades. However, to date, the molecular mechanisms underlying plants responses to saline-alkaline stress have remained largely elusive. Here, we summarize recent advances in plant response to saline-alkaline stress and propose some points deserving of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Rao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shaowu Xue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Niu J, Chen Z, Guo Z, Xu N, Sui X, Roy M, Kareem HA, Hassan MU, Cui J, Wang Q. Exogenous melatonin promotes the growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under NaCl stress through multiple pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113938. [PMID: 35926408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most common factors affecting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and NaCl is one of the main factors of salinity stress which can cause heavy losses in agricultural production in the world. The application of exogenous melatonin (MT) plays a major role in numerous plants against various stress environments. The effects of exogenous MT on the NaCl tolerance of alfalfa treated with the control, 100 µmol L-1 MT, 150 mmol L-1 NaCl, or 150 mmol L-1 NaCl+ 100 µmol L-1 MT were investigated. The results showed that MT increased growth parameters, inhibited chlorophyll degradation and promoted photosynthetic gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate, conductance to H2O, and transpiration rate) and stomatal opening under NaCl stress. Osmotic regulation substances such as soluble sugar, proline and glycine betaine were the highest in the NaCl treatment and the second in the NaCl+MT treatment. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium were reduced and sodium was increased by NaCl, whereas these levels were reversed by the NaCl+MT treatment. MT inhibited cell membrane imperfection, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation caused by NaCl stress. MT up-regulated the gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the content of antioxidant non-enzyme substances to scavenge excessive ROS in NaCl-treated plants. In addition, all indicators interacted with each other to a certain extent and could be grouped according to the relative values. All variables were divided into PC 1 (89.2 %) and PC 2 (4 %). They were clustered into two categories with opposite effects, and most of them were significant variables. Hence, these findings reveal that exogenous MT alleviates the inhibitory effects of NaCl stress on photosynthesis, stomata opening, osmotic adjustment, ion balance and redox homeostasis, enhancing tolerance and growth of alfalfa. Furthermore, it suggests that MT could be implemented to improve the NaCl tolerance of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Nan Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Sui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Momi Roy
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hafiz Abdul Kareem
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mahmood Ul Hassan
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jian Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Quanzhen Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Chen Q, Cao X, Li Y, Sun Q, Dai L, Li J, Guo Z, Zhang L, Ci L. Functional carbon nanodots improve soil quality and tomato tolerance in saline-alkali soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154817. [PMID: 35341861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High salinity and alkalinity of saline-alkali soil lead to soil deterioration, the subsequent osmotic stress and ion toxicity inhibited crops growth and productivity. In this research, 8 mg kg-1 and 16 mg kg-1 functional carbon nanodots (FCNs) can alleviate the adverse effects of saline-alkali on tomato plant at both seedling and harvest stages, thanks to their up-regulation effects on soil properties and plant physiological processes. On one hand, FCNs stimulate the plant potential of tolerance to saline-alkali and disease resistance through triggering the defense response of antioxidant system, enhancing the osmotic adjustment, promoting the nutrient uptake, transportation and utilization, and up-regulating the photosynthesis, thereby improve tomato growth and productivity in saline-alkali soils. On the other hand, FCNs application contributes to the improvement of soil physicochemical properties and fertilities, as well as decline soil salinity and alkalinity, which are related to plant growth and fruit quality. This research also focuses on the dose-dependent effects of FCNs on their regulation effects and toxicity to tomato growth under stress or non-stress. These findings recommend that FCNs could be applied as potential amendments to ameliorate the saline-alkali soil and improve the tomato tolerance and productivity in the Yellow River Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qing Sun
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Linna Dai
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Zhijiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Lijie Ci
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
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7
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Jampilek J, Kralova K. Advances in Biologically Applicable Graphene-Based 2D Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6253. [PMID: 35682931 PMCID: PMC9181547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change and increasing contamination of the environment, due to anthropogenic activities, are accompanied with a growing negative impact on human life. Nowadays, humanity is threatened by the increasing incidence of difficult-to-treat cancer and various infectious diseases caused by resistant pathogens, but, on the other hand, ensuring sufficient safe food for balanced human nutrition is threatened by a growing infestation of agriculturally important plants, by various pathogens or by the deteriorating condition of agricultural land. One way to deal with all these undesirable facts is to try to develop technologies and sophisticated materials that could help overcome these negative effects/gloomy prospects. One possibility is to try to use nanotechnology and, within this broad field, to focus also on the study of two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials, which have excellent prospects to be used in various economic sectors. In this brief up-to-date overview, attention is paid to recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials, i.e., graphene, graphene quantum dots, graphene oxide, graphene oxide quantum dots, and reduced graphene oxide. These materials and their various modifications and combinations with other compounds are discussed, regarding their biomedical and agro-ecological applications, i.e., as materials investigated for their antineoplastic and anti-invasive effects, for their effects against various plant pathogens, and as carriers of bioactive agents (drugs, pesticides, fertilizers) as well as materials suitable to be used in theranostics. The negative effects of graphene-based nanomaterials on living organisms, including their mode of action, are analyzed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kralova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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8
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Identification of Potential Pathways of Morella cerifera Seedlings in Response to Alkali Stress via Transcriptomic Analysis. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081053. [PMID: 35448781 PMCID: PMC9026155 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alkali stress, a type of abiotic stress, severely inhibits plant growth. Only a few studies have investigated the mechanism underlying the transcriptional-level response of Morella cerifera to saline-alkali stress. Based on RNA-seq technology, gene expression differences in the fibrous roots of M. cerifera seedlings exposed to low- and high-concentration alkali stress (LAS and HAS, respectively) were investigated, and the corresponding 1312 and 1532 alkali stress-responsive genes were identified, respectively. According to gene set enrichment analysis, 65 gene sets were significantly enriched. Of these, 24 gene sets were shared by both treatment groups. LAS and HAS treatment groups exhibited 9 (all downregulated) and 32 (23 downregulated) unique gene sets, respectively. The differential gene sets mainly included those involved in trehalose biosynthesis and metabolism, phospholipid translocation, and lignin catabolism. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that M. cerifera seedlings were specifically enriched in stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol biosynthesis; phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis. Moreover, the related genes involved in hormone signaling pathways and transcription factors were determined through a localization analysis of core abiotic stress pathways. These genes and their molecular mechanisms will be the focus of future research.
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Shao C, Zhao H, Wang P. Recent development in functional nanomaterials for sustainable and smart agricultural chemical technologies. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:11. [PMID: 35235069 PMCID: PMC8891417 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
New advances in nanotechnology are driving a wave of technology revolution impacting a broad range of areas in agricultural production. The current work reviews nanopesticides, nano-fabricated fertilizers, and nano activity-based growth promoters reported in the last several years, focusing on mechanisms revealed for preparation and functioning. It appears to us that with many fundamental concepts have been demonstrated over last two decades, new advances in this area continue to expand mainly in three directions, i.e., efficiency improvement, material sustainability and environment-specific stimulation functionalities. It is also evident that environmental and health concerns associated with nano agrochemicals are the primary motivation and focus for most recent work. Challenges and perspectives for future development of nano agrochemicals are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shao
- Bio-Nanotechnology Research Institute, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Huawei Zhao
- Bio-Nanotechnology Research Institute, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China.
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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Liu C, Zhou H, Zhou J. The Applications of Nanotechnology in Crop Production. Molecules 2021; 26:7070. [PMID: 34885650 PMCID: PMC8658860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the frequent occurrence of extreme climate, global agriculture is confronted with unprecedented challenges, including increased food demand and a decline in crop production. Nanotechnology is a promising way to boost crop production, enhance crop tolerance and decrease the environmental pollution. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding innovative nanotechnology in crop production, which could help us respond to agricultural challenges. Nanotechnology, which involves the use of nanomaterials as carriers, has a number of diverse applications in plant growth and crop production, including in nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanosensors and nanobiotechnology. The unique structures of nanomaterials such as high specific surface area, centralized distribution size and excellent biocompatibility facilitate the efficacy and stability of agro-chemicals. Besides, using appropriate nanomaterials in plant growth stages or stress conditions effectively promote plant growth and increase tolerance to stresses. Moreover, emerging nanotools and nanobiotechnology provide a new platform to monitor and modify crops at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.L.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
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11
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Kou E, Li W, Zhang H, Yang X, Kang Y, Zheng M, Qu S, Lei B. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Carbon Dots Enhance Drought Resistance in Tomato and Mung Beans. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6093-6102. [PMID: 35006883 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is widespread worldwide, which severely restricts world food production. The antioxidant property of carbon dots (CDs) is promising for inflammation and disease treatment. However, little is known about the functions of CDs in the abiotic stress of plants, especially in drought-resistant fields. In this study, CDs were synthesized using cysteine and glucose by the hydrothermal method. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of CDs and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity were evaluated. We speculate on the antioxidant mechanism of CDs by comparing size distribution, fluorescence spectra, elements, and surface functional groups of CDs before and after oxidation. Besides, we evaluated the effects of CDs on seed germination and seedling physiology under drought stress. Also, the responses of antioxidant CDs to long-term drought stress and subsequent recovery metabolism in tomato plants were evaluated. The results show that CDs accelerated the germination rate and the germination drought resistance index by promoting the water absorption of seeds. CDs enhanced the drought resistance of seedlings by improving the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, CDs can activate the antioxidant metabolism activity and upregulate the expression of aquaporin (AQP) genes SlPIP2;7, SlPIP2;12, and SlPIP1;7. All of these results render tomato plants distinguished resilience once rewatering after drought stress. These results facilitate us to design and fabricate CDs to meet the challenge of abiotic stress in food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfeng Kou
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Xian Yang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Yunyan Kang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Mingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525100, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Songnan Qu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, P. R. China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525100, Guangdong, P. R. China
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