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Wang S, Zhang X, Fan Y, Wang Y, Yang R, Wu J, Xu J, Tu K. Effect of magnetic field pretreatment on germination characteristics, phenolic biosynthesis, and antioxidant capacity of quinoa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108734. [PMID: 38781636 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of quinoa-based functional foods with cost-effective methods has gained considerable attention. In this study, the effects of magnetic field pretreatment on the germination characteristics, phenolic synthesis, and antioxidant system of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) were investigated. The results showed that the parameters of magnetic field pretreatment had different effects on the germination properties of five quinoa varieties, in which Sanjiang-1 (SJ-1) was more sensitive to magnetic field pretreatment. The content of total phenolics and phenolic acids in 24-h germinated seeds increased by 20.48% and 26.54%, respectively, under the pretreatment of 10 mT magnetic fields for 10 min compared with the control. This was closely related to the activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by increasing enzyme activities and gene expression. In addition, magnetic field improved 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free radicals scavenging capacities and increased peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. This study suggests that magnetic field pretreatment enhanced gene expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI), increased antioxidant enzyme activity and phenolics content. Thereby lead to an increase in the antioxidative capacity of quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Yuhan Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Yiting Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Runqiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
| | - Jirong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.
| | - Jianhong Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.
| | - Kang Tu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
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Putti FF, de Queiroz Barcelos JP, Goes BC, Alves RF, Neto MM, da Silva AO, Filho LRAG, Zanetti WAL, de Souza AV. Effects of Water Deficit on Growth and Productivity in Tomato Crops Irrigated with Water Treated with Very Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Resonance Fields. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3721. [PMID: 37960077 PMCID: PMC10650588 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The tomato crop is very sensitive to stress conditions. A water deficit is defined as when precipitation is less than the evapotranspiration (ETc) of the crop in a given period, and in this scenario of climate change, it is identified as responsible for global productivity losses. The use of potential technologies for better irrigation management, such as electromagnetically treated water, remains controversial. Thus, the objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of very low-frequency electromagnetic resonance field treatment on water for tomato crops submitted to different irrigation rates. For this, an experiment was carried out under controlled conditions with different types of water: electromagnetically treated water (WTVLF) and untreated water (UNW), as well as four water replacement rates: 40, 60, 80, and 100% ETc. The electromagnetic treatment of the water was carried out using the commercial equipment AQUA4D®. The experiment was carried out in pots with five replications per treatment. Lower activity of SOD, POD, CAT, and APX enzymes was observed in plants irrigated with water treated with very low-frequency electromagnetic resonance fields (WTVLF), indicating less oxidative stress caused by water deficit. Water deficit reduced chlorophyll content, but the effects were less harmful with WTVLF water. The water deficit resulted in less accumulation of dry matter and less productivity in a linear relationship. However, plants irrigated with WTVLF showed increments of about 20% in dry matter accumulation and 20% in fruit production concerning plants irrigated with untreated water, independent of the irrigation rates. We can conclude that irrigation with WTVLF can be a solution to reduce the damage caused by water deficits and increase the productivity of tomato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ferrari Putti
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil (L.R.A.G.F.); (A.V.d.S.)
| | | | - Bruno Cesar Goes
- Department of Agronomy, José do Rosário Vellano University (Unifenas), Alfenas 37132-440, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Fernandes Alves
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil (L.R.A.G.F.); (A.V.d.S.)
| | - Mário Mollo Neto
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil (L.R.A.G.F.); (A.V.d.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Angela Vacaro de Souza
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil (L.R.A.G.F.); (A.V.d.S.)
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Tombuloglu H, Ercan I, Alqahtani N, Alotaibi B, Bamhrez M, Alshumrani R, Turumtay H, Ergin I, Demirci T, Ozcelik S, Kayed TS, Ercan F. Impact of magnetic field on the translocation of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3O 4) in barley seedlings ( Hordeum vulgare L.). 3 Biotech 2023; 13:296. [PMID: 37564274 PMCID: PMC10409972 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect and contribution of an external magnetic field (MF) on the uptake and translocation of nanoparticles (NPs) in plants have been investigated in this study. Barley was treated with iron oxide NPs (Fe3O4, 500 mg/L, 50-100 nm) and grown under various MF strengths (20, 42, 125, and 250 mT). The root-to-shoot translocation of NPs was assessed using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Additionally, plant phenological parameters, such as germination, protein and chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic and nutritional status, were examined. The results demonstrated that the external MF significantly enhances the uptake of NPs through the roots. The uptake was higher at lower MF strengths (20 and 42 mT) than at higher MF strengths (125 and 250 mT). The root and shoot iron (Fe) contents were approximately 2.5-3-fold higher in the 250 mT application compared to the control. Furthermore, the MF treatments significantly increased micro-elements such as Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, and B (P < 0.005). This effect could be attributed to the disruption of cell membranes at the root tip cells caused by both the MF and NPs. Moreover, the MF treatments improved germination rates by 28%, total protein content, and photosynthetic parameters. These findings show that magnetic field application helps the effective transport of magnetic NPs, which could be essential for NPs-mediated drug delivery, plant nutrition, and genetic transformation applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03727-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Tombuloglu
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34221 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Ercan
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Duzce University, 81010 Düzce, Turkey
| | - Noha Alqahtani
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34221 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Alotaibi
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34221 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muruj Bamhrez
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34221 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghdah Alshumrani
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34221 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halbay Turumtay
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Department of Energy System Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61830 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ergin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Cukurova University, 01330 Balcali-Adana, Turkey
| | - Tuna Demirci
- Scientific and Technological Research Laboratory, Düzce University, 81560 Düzce, Turkey
| | - Sezen Ozcelik
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakkari University, 30000 Hakkari, Turkey
| | - Tarek Said Kayed
- Department of Basic Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Filiz Ercan
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Guzmán-Armenteros TM, Ruales J, Villacís-Chiriboga J, Guerra LS. Experimental Prototype of Electromagnetic Emissions for Biotechnological Research: Monitoring Cocoa Bean Fermentation Parameters. Foods 2023; 12:2539. [PMID: 37444278 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A Helmholtz-type electromagnetic emission device, which uses an oscillating magnetic field (OMF), with potential applications in biotechnological research, was built and validated. The coils were connected to an alternating current (AC) generator to generate a 0.5 to 110 mT field at their center. OMF measurements were performed with a Hall effect sensor with a digital signal connection (Arduino nano) and data output to a PC using LabVIEW v2017SP1 software. The fermentation process of the cocoa bean variety CCN 51, exposed to four levels of OMF density for 60 min (0, 5, 40, and 80 mT/60 min), was analyzed. Different variables of the grain fermentation process were evaluated over six days. The ANOVA test probed the device's linearity, accuracy, precision, repeatability, reliability, and robustness. Moreover, CCN 51 cocoa beans' EMF-exposure effect was evaluated under different OMF densities for 60 min. The results show the validity of the equipment under working conditions and the impact of EMF (electromagnetic fields) on the yield, deformation, and pH of cocoa beans. Thus, we concluded that the operation of the prototype is valid for use in biotechnological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Ruales
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito P.O. Box 17-01-2759, Ecuador
| | - José Villacís-Chiriboga
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito P.O. Box 17-01-2759, Ecuador
| | - Luis Santiago Guerra
- Carrera de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito P.O. Box 17-12-759, Ecuador
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Fan KJ, Liu BY, Su WH. Discrimination of Deoxynivalenol Levels of Barley Kernels Using Hyperspectral Imaging in Tandem with Optimized Convolutional Neural Network. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2668. [PMID: 36904871 PMCID: PMC10007200 DOI: 10.3390/s23052668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) in raw and processed grain poses significant risks to human and animal health. In this study, the feasibility of classifying DON levels in different genetic lines of barley kernels was evaluated using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) (382-1030 nm) in tandem with an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN). Machine learning methods including logistic regression, support vector machine, stochastic gradient descent, K nearest neighbors, random forest, and CNN were respectively used to develop the classification models. Spectral preprocessing methods including wavelet transform and max-min normalization helped to enhance the performance of different models. A simplified CNN model showed better performance than other machine learning models. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) in combination with successive projections algorithm (SPA) was applied to select the best set of characteristic wavelengths. Based on seven wavelengths selected, the optimized CARS-SPA-CNN model distinguished barley grains with low levels of DON (<5 mg/kg) from those with higher levels (5 mg/kg < DON ≤ 14 mg/kg) with an accuracy of 89.41%. The lower levels of DON class I (0.19 mg/kg ≤ DON ≤ 1.25 mg/kg) and class II (1.25 mg/kg < DON ≤ 5 mg/kg) were successfully distinguished based on the optimized CNN model, yielding a precision of 89.81%. The results suggest that HSI in tandem with CNN has great potential for discrimination of DON levels of barley kernels.
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Alharbi K, Alshallash KS, Hamdy AE, Khalifa SM, Abdel-Aziz HF, Sharaf A, Abobatta WF. Magnetic Iron-Improved Growth, Leaf Chemical Content, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Chinese Mandarin Trees Grown under Soil Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2839. [PMID: 36365292 PMCID: PMC9654657 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chinese mandarin fruits are an inexpensive and rich source of vitamin C. They have potential benefits in treating acute respiratory infections and mitigating inflammation in critical patients with COVID-19. In Egypt, citrus is the most important fruit tree but is sensitive to salinity stress, resulting in poor vegetative tree growth and reductions in productivity and fruit quality. Magnetic iron has emerged as a promising approach in the citrus tree industry, since it improves vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality and alleviates salinity stress in Chinese mandarin trees grown in soils suffering from high salt stress. This research is aimed at studying the influence of adding magnetic iron (as soil treatment) on tree canopy growth, yield, and fruit quality of 'Chinese' mandarin trees. Therefore, the treatments were as follows: 0, 250, 500, and or 750 g of magnetic iron.tree-1. Our results indicated that all applications of magnetic iron significantly improved tree canopy volume, leaf total chlorophyll, relative water content, yield (kg.tree-1), and the fruit physical and chemical characteristics of Chinese mandarin. In contrast, leaf Na and Cl content, (%), proline, and total phenolic content were decreased by magnetic iron soil treatments. In respect to vegetative growth, our results indicated that adding magnetic iron at the concentration 750 g.tree-1 caused the best values of tree canopy volume. A similar trend was noticed regarding yield. The increase in yield attained was nearly 19%; the best values were obtained when magnetic iron were used at 750 g.tree-1. In conclusion, the application of magnetic iron can lead to improved fruit production and fruit quality of Chinese mandarin trees grown in salinity stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Alshallash
- College of Science and Humanities-Huraymila, Imam Mohammed Bin Saud Islamic University (IM SIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf E. Hamdy
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Sobhy M. Khalifa
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hosny F. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sharaf
- Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Walid F. Abobatta
- Citrus Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Saletnik B, Saletnik A, Słysz E, Zaguła G, Bajcar M, Puchalska-Sarna A, Puchalski C. The Static Magnetic Field Regulates the Structure, Biochemical Activity, and Gene Expression of Plants. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185823. [PMID: 36144557 PMCID: PMC9506020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to review the scientific results and summarise the emerging topic of the effects of statistic magnetic field on the structure, biochemical activity, and gene expression of plants. The literature on the subject reports a wide range of possibilities regarding the use of the magnetic field to modify the properties of plant cells. MFs have a significant impact on the photosynthesis efficiency of the biomass and vigour accumulation indexes. Treating plants with SMFs accelerates the formation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. At the same time, the influence of MFs causes the high activity of antioxidant enzymes, which reduces oxidative stress. SMFs have a strong influence on the shape of the cell and the structure of the cell membrane, thus increasing their permeability and influencing the various activities of the metabolic pathways. The use of magnetic treatments on plants causes a higher content of proteins, carbohydrates, soluble and reducing sugars, and in some cases, lipids and fatty acid composition and influences the uptake of macro- and microelements and different levels of gene expression. In this study, the effect of MFs was considered as a combination of MF intensity and time exposure, for different varieties and plant species. The following article shows the wide-ranging possibilities of applying magnetic fields to the dynamics of changes in the life processes and structures of plants. Thus far, the magnetic field is not widely used in agricultural practice. The current knowledge about the influence of MFs on plant cells is still insufficient. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out detailed research for a more in-depth understanding of the possibilities of modifying the properties of plant cells and achieving the desired effects by means of a magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Saletnik
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Aneta Saletnik
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Słysz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaguła
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Marcin Bajcar
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Puchalska-Sarna
- Laboratory of Physiotherapy in Developmental Disorders, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rzeszow University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Czesław Puchalski
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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Zareei E, Zaare-Nahandi F, Oustan S, Hajilou J, Dadpour M. Insight into the role of magnetic nutrient solution on leaf morphology and biochemical attributes of Rasha grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:290-301. [PMID: 35728421 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growth, development, and morphology of plants are extremely affected by many internal and external factors. In this regard, plant nourishing solutions take the most impact. Nowadays, the magnetization of nutrient solutions has been recommended as a promising eco-friendly approach for improving the growth and development of plants. This study was designed to explore the potential of magnetic nutrient solutions in altering morphometric characteristics as well as some physiological and nutritional attributes of Rasha grapevines. Magnetic treatments included magnetized nutrient solution (MagS) and pre-magnetized water completed with nutrients (MagW + S) at magnetic field intensities (0.1 and 0.2 T). According to the results, the most considerable changes in leaf shape and size as well as fresh and dry weights were observed in the plants treated with MagS at 0.2 T. Also, MagS 0.2 had a significant effect on increasing photosynthetic pigments, content of total soluble carbohydrates and protein, and activity of antioxidant enzymes. The content of TNK, K, P, Fe, and Cu was considerably amplified by MagW + S 0.2. Overall, the magnetic solutions had favorable influences on physiological, nutritional state, and leaf morphology of grapevines possibly through alerting water and solution properties, mineral solubility, and phytohormones signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Zareei
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Zaare-Nahandi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahin Oustan
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Hajilou
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Dadpour
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Torres R, Diz VE, Lagorio MG. Improved photosynthetic performance induced by Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:1931-1946. [PMID: 35939255 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between 11 nm-sized magnetite nanoparticles and Cichorium intybus plants was studied in this work. In particular, the effect of these nanoparticles on the photosynthesis electron chain was carefully analysed. Magnetite nanoparticles were synthesised and physically characterised by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Magnetic hysteresis cycles and UV-visible spectroscopy. Suspensions of the obtained magnetite nanoparticles with different concentrations (10-1000 ppm) were sprayed over chicory leaves and their photosynthetic activity was evaluated using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques. The study was complemented with the determination of pigment concentration and spectral reflectance indices. The whole set of results was compared to those obtained for control (non-treated) plants. Magnetite nanoparticles caused an increment in the content of Chlorophyll a (up to 36%) and Chlorophyll b (up to 41%). The ratio Chlorophyll/ Carotenoids significantly increased (up to 29%) and the quotient Chlorophyll a/b remained relatively constant, except for a sharp increase (19%) at 100 ppm. The reflectance index that best manifested the improvement in chlorophyll content was the modified Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (mNDI), with a maximum increase of about 35%. Electronic transport fluxes were favoured and the photosynthetic parameters derived from Kautsky's kinetics were improved. An optimal concentration of nanoparticles (100 ppm) for the most beneficial effects on photosynthesis was identified. For this dose, the probability by which a trapped electron in PSII was transferred up to PSI acceptors (ΦRE0) was doubled and the parameter that quantifies the energy conservation of photons absorbed by PSII up to the reduction of PSI acceptors ([Formula: see text]), augmented five times. The fraction of absorbed energy used for photosynthesis increased to 86% and the energy lost as heat by the non-photochemical quenching mechanism was reduced to 31%. Beyond 100 ppm, photosynthetic parameters declined but remained above the values of the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Torres
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1er piso, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Emilse Diz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1er piso, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Lagorio
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1er piso, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Zadeh-Haghighi H, Simon C. Magnetic field effects in biology from the perspective of the radical pair mechanism. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220325. [PMID: 35919980 PMCID: PMC9346374 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of studies have found that weak magnetic fields can significantly influence various biological systems. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these phenomena remain elusive. Remarkably, the magnetic energies implicated in these effects are much smaller than thermal energies. Here, we review these observations, and we suggest an explanation based on the radical pair mechanism, which involves the quantum dynamics of the electron and nuclear spins of transient radical molecules. While the radical pair mechanism has been studied in detail in the context of avian magnetoreception, the studies reviewed here show that magnetosensitivity is widespread throughout biology. We review magnetic field effects on various physiological functions, discussing static, hypomagnetic and oscillating magnetic fields, as well as isotope effects. We then review the radical pair mechanism as a potential unifying model for the described magnetic field effects, and we discuss plausible candidate molecules for the radical pairs. We review recent studies proposing that the radical pair mechanism provides explanations for isotope effects in xenon anaesthesia and lithium treatment of hyperactivity, magnetic field effects on the circadian clock, and hypomagnetic field effects on neurogenesis and microtubule assembly. We conclude by discussing future lines of investigation in this exciting new area of quantum biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Zadeh-Haghighi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Christoph Simon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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