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Wang K, Zhang R, Hu W, Dang Y, Huang M, Wang N, Du S, Gao X. Effect of exogenous selenium on physicochemical, structural, functional, thermal, and gel rheological properties of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) protein. Food Res Int 2024; 191:114706. [PMID: 39059959 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) biofortification during the growth process of mung bean is an effective method to improve the Se content and quality. However, the effect of Se biofortification on the physicochemical properties of mung bean protein is unclear. The objective of this study was to clarify the changes in the composition, Se forms, particle structure, functional properties, thermal stability, and gel properties of mung bean protein at four Se application levels. The results showed that the Se content of mung bean protein increased in a dose-dependent manner, with 7.96-fold (P1) and 8.52-fold (P2) enhancement at the highest concentration. Exogenous Se application promotes the conversion of inorganic Se to organic Se. Among them, selenomethionine (SeMet) and methyl selenocysteine (MeSeCys) replaced Met and Cys through the S metabolic pathway and became the dominant organic Se forms in Se-enriched mung bean protein, accounting for more than 80 % of the total Se content. Exogenous Se at 30 g/hm2 significantly up-regulated protein content and promoted the synthesis of sulfur-containing protein components and hydrophobic amino acids in the presence of increased levels of SeMet and MeSeCys. Meanwhile, Cys and Met substitution altered the sulfhydryl groups (SH), β-sheets, and β-turns of protein. The particle size and microstructural characteristics depend on the protein itself and were not affected by exogenous Se. The Se-induced increase in the content of hydrophobic amino acids and β-sheets synergistically increases the thermal stability of the protein. Moderate Se application altered the functional properties of mung bean protein, which was mainly reflected in the significant increase in oil holding capacity (OHC) and foaming capacity (FC). In addition, the increase in SH and β-sheets induced by exogenous Se could alter the protein intermolecular network, contributing to the increase in storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), which resulted in the formation of more highly elastic gels. This study further promotes the application of mung bean protein in the field of food processing and provides a theoretical basis for the extensive development of Se-enriched mung bean protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Northwest A&F University, College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China; Northwest A&F University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ruipu Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenxuan Hu
- Northwest A&F University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yueyi Dang
- Northwest A&F University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mengdi Huang
- Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- Weinan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuangkui Du
- Northwest A&F University, College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Northwest A&F University, College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Ikram S, Li Y, Lin C, Yi D, Heng W, Li Q, Tao L, Hongjun Y, Weijie J. Selenium in plants: A nexus of growth, antioxidants, and phytohormones. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 296:154237. [PMID: 38583194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for both human and animals. Plants serve as the primary source of Se in the food chain. Se concentration and availability in plants is influenced by soil properties and environmental conditions. Optimal Se levels promote plant growth and enhance stress tolerance, while excessive Se concentration can result in toxicity. Se enhances plants ROS scavenging ability by promoting antioxidant compound synthesis. The ability of Se to maintain redox balance depends upon ROS compounds, stress conditions and Se application rate. Furthermore, Se-dependent antioxidant compound synthesis is critically reliant on plant macro and micro nutritional status. As these nutrients are fundamental for different co-factors and amino acid synthesis. Additionally, phytohormones also interact with Se to promote plant growth. Hence, utilization of phytohormones and modified crop nutrition can improve Se-dependent crop growth and plant stress tolerance. This review aims to explore the assimilation of Se into plant proteins, its intricate effect on plant redox status, and the specific interactions between Se and phytohormones. Furthermore, we highlight the proposed physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying Se-mediated phytohormone-dependent plant growth modulation and identified research opportunities that could contribute to sustainable agricultural production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufian Ikram
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Debao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hongjun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Weijie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wang Y, Xie X, Chen H, Zhang K, Zhao B, Qiu R. Selenium-Induced Enhancement in Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Methane Oxidation of Prickly Pear. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:749. [PMID: 38592767 PMCID: PMC10974067 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
As an essential element for plants, animals, and humans, selenium (Se) has been shown to participate in microbial methane oxidation. We studied the growth response and rhizosphere methane oxidation of an economic crop (prickly pear, Rosa roxburghii Tratt) through three treatments (Se0.6 mg/kg, Se2.0 mg/kg, and Se10 mg/kg) and a control (Se0 mg/kg) in a two-month pot experiment. The results showed that the height, total biomass, root biomass, and leaf biomass of prickly pear were significantly increased in the Se0.6 and Se2.0 treatments. The root-to-shoot ratio of prickly pear reached a maximum value in the Se2 treatment. The leaf carotenoid contents significantly increased in the three treatments. Antioxidant activities significantly increased in the Se0.6 and Se2 treatments. Low Se contents (0.6, 2 mg/kg) promoted root growth, including dry weight, length, surface area, volume, and root activity. There was a significant linear relationship between root and aboveground Se contents. The Se translocation factor increased as the soil Se content increased, ranging from 0.173 to 0.288. The application of Se can improve the state of rhizosphere soil's organic C and soil nutrients (N, P, and K). Se significantly promoted the methane oxidation rate in rhizosphere soils, and the Se10 treatment showed the highest methane oxidation rate. The soil Se gradients led to differentiation in the growth, rhizosphere soil properties, and methane oxidation capacity of prickly pear. The root Se content and Se translocation factor were significantly positively correlated with the methane oxidation rate. Prickly pear can accumulate Se when grown in Se-enriched soil. The 2 mg/kg Se soil treatment enhanced growth and methane oxidation in the rhizosphere soil of prickly pear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
| | - Xuechong Xie
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
| | - Huijie Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
| | - Kai Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
| | - Benliang Zhao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (X.X.); (H.C.); (K.Z.); (R.Q.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Yang W, Jiang T, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang R. Combined Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Effect of Selenium Fertilization on Lycium barbarum Fruit. Molecules 2023; 28:8088. [PMID: 38138577 PMCID: PMC10745541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As a beneficial nutrient and essential trace element, selenium plays a significant role in plant growth functions and human protein biosynthesis. Plant selenium enrichment is mainly obtained from both natural soil and exogenous selenium supplementation, while human beings consume selenium-enriched foods for the purposes of selenium supplementation. In this study, different types of selenium fertilizers were sprayed onto Lycium barbarum in Ningxia, and transcriptomics and metabolomics techniques were used to explore the effects of selenium on the fruit differentials and differential genes in Lycium barbarum. Taking the "Ning Qiyi No.1" wolfberry as the research object, sodium selenite, nano-selenium, and organic selenium were sprayed at a concentration of 100 mg·L-1 three times from the first fruiting period to the harvesting period, with a control treatment comprising the spraying of clear water. We determined the major metabolites and differential genes of the amino acids and derivatives, flavonoids, and alkaloids in ripe wolfberries. We found that spraying selenium significantly enhanced the Lycium barbarum metabolic differentiators; the most effective spray was the organic selenium, with 129 major metabolic differentiators and 10 common metabolic pathways screened after spraying. Nano-selenium was the next best fertilizer we screened, with 111 major metabolic differentiators, the same number as organic selenium in terms of differential genes and common metabolite pathways. Sodium selenite was the least effective of the three, with only 59 of its major metabolic differentials screened, but its differential genes and metabolites were enriched for five common pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Yang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (W.Y.); (T.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Tingting Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (W.Y.); (T.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yaqi Wang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (W.Y.); (T.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Ningxia Research Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (W.Y.); (T.J.); (Y.W.)
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Zhou B, Cao H, Wu Q, Mao K, Yang X, Su J, Zhang H. Agronomic and Genetic Strategies to Enhance Selenium Accumulation in Crops and Their Influence on Quality. Foods 2023; 12:4442. [PMID: 38137246 PMCID: PMC10742783 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of humans, animals, and certain plants. It is extensively present throughout the Earth's crust and is absorbed by crops in the form of selenates and selenite, eventually entering the food chain. Se biofortification is an agricultural process that employs agronomic and genetic strategies. Its goal is to enhance the mechanisms of crop uptake and the accumulation of exogenous Se, resulting in the production of crops enriched with Se. This process ultimately contributes to promoting human health. Agronomic strategies in Se biofortification aim to enhance the availability of exogenous Se in crops. Concurrently, genetic strategies focus on improving a crop's capacity to uptake, transport, and accumulate Se. Early research primarily concentrated on optimizing Se biofortification methods, improving Se fertilizer efficiency, and enhancing Se content in crops. In recent years, there has been a growing realization that Se can effectively enhance crop growth and increase crop yield, thereby contributing to alleviating food shortages. Additionally, Se has been found to promote the accumulation of macro-nutrients, antioxidants, and beneficial mineral elements in crops. The supplementation of Se biofortified foods is gradually emerging as an effective approach for promoting human dietary health and alleviating hidden hunger. Therefore, in this paper, we provide a comprehensive summary of the Se biofortification conducted over the past decade, mainly focusing on Se accumulation in crops and its impact on crop quality. We discuss various Se biofortification strategies, with an emphasis on the impact of Se fertilizer strategies on crop Se accumulation and their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlight Se's role in enhancing crop quality and offer perspective on Se biofortification in crop improvement, guiding future mechanistic explorations and applications of Se biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haorui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junxia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (B.Z.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (K.M.); (X.Y.); (J.S.)
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Yin Y, Quan X, Cheng Y, Yang Z, Zhu J, Fang W. Proteome reveals the mechanism of selenium-sulfur interaction in regulating isothiocyanate biosynthesis and the physiological metabolism of broccoli sprouts. Food Chem 2023; 426:136603. [PMID: 37329791 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Broccoli sprouts have a strong ability to accumulate isothiocyanate and selenium. In this study, the isothiocyanate content increased significantly as a result of ZnSO4 stress. Particularly, based on the isothiocyanate content is not affected, the combined ZnSO4 and Na2SeO3 treatment alleviated the inhibition of ZnSO4 and induced selenium content. Gene transcription and protein expression analyses revealed the changes in isothiocyanate and selenium metabolite levels in broccoli sprouts. ZnSO4 combined with Na2SeO3 was proven to activate a series of isothiocyanate metabolite genes (UGT74B1, OX1, and ST5b) and selenium metabolite genes (BoSultr1;1, BoCOQ5-2, and BoHMT1). The relative abundance of the total 317 and 203 proteins, respectively, in 4-day-old broccoli sprouts varied, and the metabolic and biosynthetic pathways for secondary metabolites were significantly enriched in ZnSO4/control and ZnSO4 combined Na2SeO3/ZnSO4 comparisons. The findings demonstrated how ZnSO4 combined with Na2SeO3 treatment reduced stress inhibition and the accumulation of encouraged selenium and isothiocyanates during the growth of broccoli sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Quan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Hu C, Nie Z, Shi H, Peng H, Li G, Liu H, Li C, Liu H. Selenium uptake, translocation, subcellular distribution and speciation in winter wheat in response to phosphorus application combined with three types of selenium fertilizer. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:224. [PMID: 37101116 PMCID: PMC10134582 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) deficiency causes a series of health disorders in humans, and Se concentrations in the edible parts of crops can be improved by altering exogenous Se species. However, the uptake, transport, subcellular distribution and metabolism of selenite, selenate and SeMet (selenomethionine) under the influence of phosphorus (P) has not been well characterized. RESULTS The results showed that increasing the P application rate enhanced photosynthesis and then increased the dry matter weight of shoots with selenite and SeMet treatment, and an appropriate amount of P combined with selenite treatment increased the dry matter weight of roots by enhancing root growth. With selenite treatment, increasing the P application rate significantly decreased the concentration and accumulation of Se in roots and shoots. P1 decreased the Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the inhibited distribution of Se in the root cell wall, but increased distribution of Se in the root soluble fraction, as well as the promoted proportion of SeMet and MeSeCys (Se-methyl-selenocysteine) in roots. With selenate treatment, P0.1 and P1 significantly increased the Se concentration and distribution in shoots and the Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the enhanced proportion of Se (IV) in roots but decreased proportion of SeMet in roots. With SeMet treatment, increasing the P application rate significantly decreased the Se concentration in shoots and roots but increased the proportion of SeCys2 (selenocystine) in roots. CONCLUSION Compared with selenate or SeMet treatment, treatment with an appropriate amount of P combined with selenite could promote plant growth, reduce Se uptake, alter Se subcellular distribution and speciation, and affect Se bioavailability in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Hu
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhaojun Nie
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Hongyu Peng
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chang Li
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongen Liu
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Jinshui District, No. 63, Nongye RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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