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Velasquez-Guzman JC, Huttanus HM, Morales DP, Werner TS, Carroll AL, Guss AM, Yeager CM, Dale T, Jha RK. Biosensors for the detection of chorismate and cis,cis-muconic acid in Corynebacterium glutamicum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 51:kuae024. [PMID: 38944415 PMCID: PMC11258901 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 is a promising microbial chassis for industrial production of valuable compounds, including aromatic amino acids derived from the shikimate pathway. In this work, we developed two whole-cell, transcription factor based fluorescent biosensors to track cis,cis-muconic acid (ccMA) and chorismate in C. glutamicum. Chorismate is a key intermediate in the shikimate pathway from which value-added chemicals can be produced, and a shunt from the shikimate pathway can divert carbon to ccMA, a high value chemical. We transferred a ccMA-inducible transcription factor, CatM, from Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 into C. glutamicum and screened a promoter library to isolate variants with high sensitivity and dynamic range to ccMA by providing benzoate, which is converted to ccMA intracellularly. The biosensor also detected exogenously supplied ccMA, suggesting the presence of a putative ccMA transporter in C. glutamicum, though the external ccMA concentration threshold to elicit a response was 100-fold higher than the concentration of benzoate required to do so through intracellular ccMA production. We then developed a chorismate biosensor, in which a chorismate inducible promoter regulated by natively expressed QsuR was optimized to exhibit a dose-dependent response to exogenously supplemented quinate (a chorismate precursor). A chorismate-pyruvate lyase encoding gene, ubiC, was introduced into C. glutamicum to lower the intracellular chorismate pool, which resulted in loss of dose dependence to quinate. Further, a knockout strain that blocked the conversion of quinate to chorismate also resulted in absence of dose dependence to quinate, validating that the chorismate biosensor is specific to intracellular chorismate pool. The ccMA and chorismate biosensors were dually inserted into C. glutamicum to simultaneously detect intracellularly produced chorismate and ccMA. Biosensors, such as those developed in this study, can be applied in C. glutamicum for multiplex sensing to expedite pathway design and optimization through metabolic engineering in this promising chassis organism. ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY High-throughput screening of promoter libraries in Corynebacterium glutamicum to establish transcription factor based biosensors for key metabolic intermediates in shikimate and β-ketoadipate pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette C Velasquez-Guzman
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Herbert M Huttanus
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Demosthenes P Morales
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Tara S Werner
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Austin L Carroll
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Adam M Guss
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Chris M Yeager
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Taraka Dale
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Ramesh K Jha
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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2
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Su R, Wang T, Bo T, Cai N, Yuan M, Wu C, Jiang H, Peng H, Chen N, Li Y. Enhanced production of D-pantothenic acid in Corynebacterium glutamicum using an efficient CRISPR-Cpf1 genome editing method. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:3. [PMID: 36609377 PMCID: PMC9817396 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corynebacterium glutamicum has industrial track records for producing a variety of valuable products such as amino acids. Although CRISPR-based genome editing technologies have undergone immense developments in recent years, the suicide-plasmid-based approaches are still predominant for C. glutamicum genome manipulation. It is crucial to develop a simple and efficient CRISPR genome editing method for C. glutamicum. RESULTS In this study, we developed a RecombinAtion Prior to Induced Double-strand-break (RAPID) genome editing technology for C. glutamicum, as Cpf1 cleavage was found to disrupt RecET-mediated homologous recombination (HR) of the donor template into the genome. The RAPID toolbox enabled highly efficient gene deletion and insertion, and notably, a linear DNA template was sufficient for gene deletion. Due to the simplified procedure and iterative operation ability, this methodology could be widely applied in C. glutamicum genetic manipulations. As a proof of concept, a high-yield D-pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)-producing strain was constructed, which, to the best of our knowledge, achieved the highest reported titer of 18.62 g/L from glucose only. CONCLUSIONS We developed a RecET-assisted CRISPR-Cpf1 genome editing technology for C. glutamicum that harnessed CRISPR-induced DSBs as a counterselection. This method is of great importance to C. glutamicum genome editing in terms of its practical applications, which also guides the development of CRISPR genome editing tools for other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Ting Wang
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Taidong Bo
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Ningyun Cai
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Meng Yuan
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Chen Wu
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Hao Jiang
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Huadong Peng
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ning Chen
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China ,grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yanjun Li
- grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China ,grid.413109.e0000 0000 9735 6249Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
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3
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Liu J, Xu JZ, Rao ZM, Zhang WG. An enzymatic colorimetric whole-cell biosensor for high-throughput identification of lysine overproducers. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114681. [PMID: 36087402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
L-lysine is a crucial nutrient for both humans and animals, and its main commercial use is as a supplement in animal feed to promote chicken and other animal growth. Fluorescence biosensors based on the transcriptional regulator have been developed for high-throughput screening of L-lysine producers. However, due to its inability to specifically detect lysine, this fluorescent biosensor cannot be employed to screen high-yielding strains. Here, we present a novel technique for observing L-lysine concentrations within individual Corynebacterium glutamicum cells. The transcriptional regulator LysG and its binding site, as well as the phytoene desaturase that catalyzes the synthesis of the red pigment, make up the functional core of the biosensor. The lysine-sensitive mutant LysG(E123Y, E125A), which improved the sensitivity of biosensors, was generated by site-directed saturation mutagenesis. In addition, we increased the lysine-induced chromogenic biosensor response to 320 mM by optimizing the L-lysine export mechanism and the pathway for the synthesis of lycopene precursors. The direct identification of producers with elevated L-lysine accumulation is thus made straightforward by colorimetric screening. Lys-8, a lysine producer with a maximum lysine titer of 316.2 mM, was sorted out based on the biosensor. The enzymatic colorimetric biosensor constructed here is a simple tool with great potential for the development of high-level lysine-producing C. glutamicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800(#)Lihu Road, WuXi, 214122, PR China
| | - Jian-Zhong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800(#)Lihu Road, WuXi, 214122, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ming Rao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800(#)Lihu Road, WuXi, 214122, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800(#)Lihu Road, WuXi, 214122, PR China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800(#)Lihu Road, WuXi, 214122, PR China.
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4
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Wen Z, Qian F, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Yang S. Genome Editing of Corynebacterium glutamicum Using CRISPR-Cpf1 System. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2479:189-206. [PMID: 35583740 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2233-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum, as an important microbial chassis, has great potential in industrial application. However, complicated genetic modification is severely slowed by lack of efficient genome editing tools. The Streptococcus pyogenes (Sp) CRISPR-Cas9 system has been verified as a very powerful tool for mediating genome alteration in many microorganisms but cannot work well in C. glutamicum. We recently developed two Francisella novicida (Fn) CRISPR-Cpf1 assisted systems for genome editing via homologous recombination in C. glutamicum. Here, we describe the protocols and demonstrated that N iterative rounds of genome editing can be achieved in 3 N + 4 or 3 N + 2 days, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fenghui Qian
- Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Shanghai Taoyusheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Li C, Swofford CA, Rückert C, Chatzivasileiou AO, Ou RW, Opdensteinen P, Luttermann T, Zhou K, Stephanopoulos G, Jones Prather KL, Zhong-Johnson EZL, Liang S, Zheng S, Lin Y, Sinskey AJ. Heterologous production of α-Carotene in Corynebacterium glutamicum using a multi-copy chromosomal integration method. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125782. [PMID: 34419880 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The carotenoid, α-carotene, is very beneficial for human health and wellness, but microbial production of this compound is notoriously difficult, due to the asymmetric rings on either end of its terpenoid backbone. Here, we report for the first time the efficient production of α-carotene in the industrial bacterium Corynebaterium glutamicum by using a combined pathway engineering approach including evaluation of the performance of different cyclases and analysis of key metabolic intermediates to determine flux bottlenecks in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. A multi-copy chromosomal integration method was pivotal in achieving stable expression of the cyclases. In fed-batch fermentation, 1,054 mg/L of α-carotene was produced by the best strain, which is the highest reported titer achieved in microbial fermentation. The success of increased α-carotene production suggests that the multi-copy chromosomal integration method can be a useful metabolic engineering tool for overexpression of key enzymes in C. glutamicum and other bacterium as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Charles A Swofford
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Christian Rückert
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Alkiviadis Orfefs Chatzivasileiou
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Rui Wen Ou
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Patrick Opdensteinen
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Tobias Luttermann
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Kang Zhou
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Gregory Stephanopoulos
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Kristala L Jones Prather
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | | | - Shuli Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Suiping Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Anthony J Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore.
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6
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Li N, Wang M, Yu S, Zhou J. Optimization of CRISPR-Cas9 through promoter replacement and efficient production of L-homoserine in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100093. [PMID: 34018325 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important chassis for industrial applications. The low efficiency of commonly used genome editing methods for C. glutamicum limits the rapid multiple engineering of the bacterium. MAIN METHODS AND MAJOR RESULTS In this study, chromosome-borne expression of cas9 and recET from Escherichia coli K12-MG1655 was achieved to avoid toxicity to the strain, increase the probability of homologous recombination, and reduce loss of viability caused by double-strand breaks. Constitutive strong promoters, such as P45 , Ptrc , and PH36 , were used to replace PglyA and to expand the application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. By using this system, a C. glutamicum strain producing L-homoserine to 22.1 g per L in a 5-L bioreactor after 96 h was obtained. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Through the application of visualized fluorescent protein, the process of plasmid curing was optimized, obtain a continuous and rapid CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system. The method described here could be useful to construct C. glutamicum mutant rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Muth G. The pSG5-based thermosensitive vector family for genome editing and gene expression in actinomycetes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9067-9080. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Wang B, Hu Q, Zhang Y, Shi R, Chai X, Liu Z, Shang X, Zhang Y, Wen T. A RecET-assisted CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:63. [PMID: 29685154 PMCID: PMC5913818 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extensive modification of genome is an efficient manner to regulate the metabolic network for producing target metabolites or non-native products using Corynebacterium glutamicum as a cell factory. Genome editing approaches by means of homologous recombination and counter-selection markers are laborious and time consuming due to multiple round manipulations and low editing efficiencies. The current two-plasmid-based CRISPR–Cas9 editing methods generate false positives due to the potential instability of Cas9 on the plasmid, and require a high transformation efficiency for co-occurrence of two plasmids transformation. Results Here, we developed a RecET-assisted CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing method using a chromosome-borne Cas9–RecET and a single plasmid harboring sgRNA and repair templates. The inducible expression of chromosomal RecET promoted the frequencies of homologous recombination, and increased the efficiency for gene deletion. Due to the high transformation efficiency of a single plasmid, this method enabled 10- and 20-kb region deletion, 2.5-, 5.7- and 7.5-kb expression cassette insertion and precise site-specific mutation, suggesting a versatility of this method. Deletion of argR and farR regulators as well as site-directed mutation of argB and pgi genes generated the mutant capable of accumulating l-arginine, indicating the stability of chromosome-borne Cas9 for iterative genome editing. Using this method, the model-predicted target genes were modified to redirect metabolic flux towards 1,2-propanediol biosynthetic pathway. The final engineered strain produced 6.75 ± 0.46 g/L of 1,2-propanediol that is the highest titer reported in C. glutamicum. Furthermore, this method is available for Corynebacterium pekinense 1.563, suggesting its universal applicability in other Corynebacterium species. Conclusions The RecET-assisted CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing method will facilitate engineering of metabolic networks for the synthesis of interested bio-based products from renewable biomass using Corynebacterium species as cell factories. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0910-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qitiao Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruilin Shi
- Beijing Zhongke Eppen Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xin Chai
- Beijing Zhongke Eppen Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiuling Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tingyi Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Beijing Zhongke Eppen Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100085, China. .,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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9
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Guo Y, Fan L, Ni X, Zheng X, Wang M, Zheng P, Sun J, Ma Y. MACBETH: Multiplex automated Corynebacterium glutamicum base editing method. Metab Eng 2018; 47:200-210. [PMID: 29580925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 or Cpf1-introduced double strand break dramatically decreases bacterial cell survival rate, which hampers multiplex genome editing in bacteria. In addition, the requirement of a foreign DNA template for each target locus is labor demanding and may encounter more GMO related regulatory hurdle in industrial applications. Herein, we developed a multiplex automated Corynebacterium glutamicum base editing method (MACBETH) using CRISPR/Cas9 and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), without foreign DNA templates, achieving single-, double-, and triple-locus editing with efficiencies up to 100%, 87.2% and 23.3%, respectively. In addition, MACBETH was applied to generate a combinatorial gene inactivation library for improving glutamate production, and pyk&ldhA double inactivation strain was found to improve glutamate production by 3-fold. Finally, MACBETH was automated with an integrated robotic system, which would enable us to generate thousands of rationally engineered strains per month for metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum. As a proof of concept demonstration, the automation platform was used to construct an arrayed genome-scale gene inactivation library of 94 transcription factors with 100% success rate. Therefore, MACBETH would be a powerful tool for multiplex and automated bacterial genome editing in future studies and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yanmei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Jibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
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10
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Liu J, Wang Y, Lu Y, Zheng P, Sun J, Ma Y. Development of a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing toolbox for Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:205. [PMID: 29145843 PMCID: PMC5693361 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial workhorse and advanced genetic engineering tools are urgently demanded. Recently, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) have revolutionized the field of genome engineering. The CRISPR/Cas9 system that utilizes NGG as protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and has good targeting specificity can be developed into a powerful tool for efficient and precise genome editing of C. glutamicum. Results Herein, we developed a versatile CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing toolbox for C. glutamicum. Cas9 and gRNA expression cassettes were reconstituted to combat Cas9 toxicity and facilitate effective termination of gRNA transcription. Co-transformation of Cas9 and gRNA expression plasmids was exploited to overcome high-frequency mutation of cas9, allowing not only highly efficient gene deletion and insertion with plasmid-borne editing templates (efficiencies up to 60.0 and 62.5%, respectively) but also simple and time-saving operation. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ssDNA recombineering was developed to precisely introduce small modifications and single-nucleotide changes into the genome of C. glutamicum with efficiencies over 80.0%. Notably, double-locus editing was also achieved in C. glutamicum. This toolbox works well in several C. glutamicum strains including the widely-used strains ATCC 13032 and ATCC 13869. Conclusions In this study, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9 toolbox that could facilitate markerless gene deletion, gene insertion, precise base editing, and double-locus editing in C. glutamicum. The CRISPR/Cas9 toolbox holds promise for accelerating the engineering of C. glutamicum and advancing its application in the production of biochemicals and biofuels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-017-0815-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China. .,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Genome engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum, an important industrial microorganism for amino acids production, currently relies on random mutagenesis and inefficient double crossover events. Here we report a rapid genome engineering strategy to scarlessly knock out one or more genes in C. glutamicum in sequential and iterative manner. Recombinase RecT is used to incorporate synthetic single-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotides into the genome and CRISPR/Cas9 to counter-select negative mutants. We completed the system by engineering the respective plasmids harboring CRISPR/Cas9 and RecT for efficient curing such that multiple gene targets can be done iteratively and final strains will be free of plasmids. To demonstrate the system, seven different mutants were constructed within two weeks to study the combinatorial deletion effects of three different genes on the production of γ-aminobutyric acid, an industrially relevant chemical of much interest. This genome engineering strategy will expedite metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum.
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Jiang Y, Qian F, Yang J, Liu Y, Dong F, Xu C, Sun B, Chen B, Xu X, Li Y, Wang R, Yang S. CRISPR-Cpf1 assisted genome editing of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15179. [PMID: 28469274 PMCID: PMC5418603 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial metabolite producer that is difficult to genetically engineer. Although the Streptococcus pyogenes (Sp) CRISPR-Cas9 system has been adapted for genome editing of multiple bacteria, it cannot be introduced into C. glutamicum. Here we report a Francisella novicida (Fn) CRISPR-Cpf1-based genome-editing method for C. glutamicum. CRISPR-Cpf1, combined with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) recombineering, precisely introduces small changes into the bacterial genome at efficiencies of 86-100%. Large gene deletions and insertions are also obtained using an all-in-one plasmid consisting of FnCpf1, CRISPR RNA, and homologous arms. The two CRISPR-Cpf1-assisted systems enable N iterative rounds of genome editing in 3N+4 or 3N+2 days. A proof-of-concept, codon saturation mutagenesis at G149 of γ-glutamyl kinase relieves L-proline inhibition using Cpf1-assisted ssDNA recombineering. Thus, CRISPR-Cpf1-based genome editing provides a highly efficient tool for genetic engineering of Corynebacterium and other bacteria that cannot utilize the Sp CRISPR-Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Fenghui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing 200237, China.,College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Feng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Chongmao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Xiaoshu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Research and Development Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai 201201, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing 200237, China
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Novikov AD, Ryabchenko LE, Shustikova TE, Beletsky AV, Mardanov AV, Ravin NV, Yanenko AS. Nucleotide sequence and structural analysis of cryptic plasmid pBL90 from Brevibacterium lactofermentum. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Woo HM, Park JB. Recent progress in development of synthetic biology platforms and metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum. J Biotechnol 2014; 180:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hu J, Tan Y, Li Y, Hu X, Xu D, Wang X. Construction and application of an efficient multiple-gene-deletion system in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Plasmid 2013; 70:303-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pátek M, Nešvera J. Promoters and Plasmid Vectors of Corynebacterium glutamicum. CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29857-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Suzuki N, Inui M. Genome Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum. CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29857-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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18
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A targeted gene knockout method using a newly constructed temperature-sensitive plasmid mediated homologous recombination in Bifidobacterium longum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:499-509. [PMID: 22639142 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are the main component of the human microflora. We constructed a temperature-sensitive (Ts) plasmid by random mutagenesis of the Bifidobacterium-Escherichia coli shuttle vector pKKT427 using error-prone PCR. Mutant plasmids were introduced into Bifidobacterium longum 105-A and, after screening approximately 3,000 colonies, candidate clones that grew at 30 °C but not at 42 °C were selected. According to DNA sequence analysis of the Ts plasmid, five silent and one missense mutations were found in the repB region. The site-directed mutagenesis showed only the missense mutation to be relevant to the Ts phenotype. We designated this plasmid pKO403. The Ts phenotype was also observed in B. longum NCC2705 and Bifidobacterium adolescentis ATCC15703. Single-crossover homologous-recombination experiments were carried out to determine the relationship between the length of homologous sequences encoded on the plasmid and recombination frequency: fragments greater than 1 kb gave an efficiency of more than 10(3) integrations per cell. We performed gene knockout experiments using this Ts plasmid. We obtained gene knockout mutants of the pyrE region of B. longum 105-A, and determined that double-crossover homologous recombination occurred at an efficiency of 1.8 %. This knockout method also worked for the BL0033 gene in B. longum NCC2705.
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Tools for genetic manipulations in Corynebacterium glutamicum and their applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 90:1641-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Targeted allele replacement mutagenesis of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:3532-5. [PMID: 21421779 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01740-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-step allele replacement mutagenesis procedure, using a conditionally replicating plasmid, was developed to allow the creation of targeted, marker-free mutations in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The relationship between homologous sequence length and recombination frequency was determined, and enhanced plasmid excision was observed due to the rolling-circle replication of the mutagenesis vector. Furthermore, an antibiotic enrichment procedure was applied to improve the recovery of mutants. Subsequently, as proof of concept, a marker-free, cp40-deficient mutant of C. pseudotuberculosis was constructed.
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Efficient markerless gene replacement in Corynebacterium glutamicum using a new temperature-sensitive plasmid. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 85:155-63. [PMID: 21362445 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Random chemical mutation of a Corynebacterium glutamicum-Escherichia coli shuttle vector derived from plasmid pCGR2 was done using hydroxylamine. It brought about amino acid substitutions G109D and E180K within the replicase superfamily domain of the plasmid's RepA protein and rendered the plasmid highly unstable, especially at higher incubation temperatures. Colony formation of C. glutamicum was consequently completely inhibited at 37°C but not at 25°C. G109 is a semi-conserved residue mutation which resulted in major temperature sensitivity. E180 on the other hand is not conserved even among RepA proteins of closely related C. glutamicum pCG1 family plasmids and its independent mutation caused relatively moderate plasmid instability. Nonetheless, simultaneous mutation of both residues was required to achieve temperature-sensitive colony formation. This new pCGR2-derived temperature-sensitive plasmid enabled highly efficient chromosomal integration in a variety of C. glutamicum wild-type strains, proving its usefulness in gene disruption studies. Based on this, an efficient markerless gene replacement system was demonstrated using a selection system incorporating the temperature-sensitive replicon and Bacillus subtilis sacB selection marker, a system hitherto not used in this bacterium. Single-crossover integrants were accurately selected by temperature-dependent manner and 93% of the colonies obtained by the subsequent sucrose selection were successful double-crossover recombinants.
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22
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Chen L, Wang W, Sun W, Surette M, Duan K. Characterization of a cryptic plasmid from Pseudomonas sp. and utilization of its temperature-sensitive derivatives for genetic manipulation. Plasmid 2010; 64:110-7. [PMID: 20566404 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new cryptic plasmid, named pMM101, in an environmental Pseudomonas sp. has been isolated, and its 2140-bp DNA sequence has been determined and analyzed. One open reading frame (Rep(MM)) similar to the rep gene of the rolling-circle replicon (RCR) group VIII has been allocated in the replication region where a putative double-strand origin dso and single-strand origin sso could also be identified. After in vitro mutagenesis by error-prone PCR and introduced into Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, a mutant plasmid which was stably maintained at 30 degrees C but not at 42 degrees C was isolated and analyzed. It had two nucleotide substitutions in the putative sso and dso regions. Replacing one of the two sites with wild type sequence resulted in similar instability at 42 degrees C, indicating either mutation could result in the temperature-sensitive trait. Using the mutant replicon, a Pseudomonas (temperature-sensitive)-Escherichia coli shuttle vector, pUM109, has been constructed and used successfully to disrupt P. aeruginosa genes. This temperature-sensitive vector provides an alternative tool for genetic manipulations in this industrially as well as medically important bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road North, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
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Kim JM, Lee KH, Lee SY. Development of a markerless gene knock-out system forMannheimia succiniciproducensusing a temperature-sensitive plasmid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 278:78-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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