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Matthan NR, Lovato L, Petersen KS, Kris-Etherton PM, Sabate J, Rajaram S, Li Z, Reboussin DM, Lichtenstein AH. Effect of daily avocado consumption for 6 mo compared with habitual diet on red blood cell fatty acid profiles and association with cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with abdominal obesity: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00660-9. [PMID: 39128497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avocado intake improves dietary fat quality, but the subsequent impact on red blood cell (RBC) saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA), and trans-fatty acid (TFA) composition and association with cardiometabolic health, has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVES To compare the effect of consuming 1 avocado/d relative to habitual diet (HAB) on RBC-FA profiles, and their association with visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in individuals with abdominal obesity. METHODS RBC-FA profiling at baseline, 3- and 6 mo was conducted in participants (n = 994) from the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT). HAT was a multisite, free-living, parallel-arm intervention study in which participants were randomly assigned to either the avocado-supplemented group (AVO, usual diet with 1 avocado/d) or the HAB group (usual diet with limited avocado intake) for 6 mo. Changes in RBC-FA profiles, a secondary outcome measure, were determined within and between groups using linear regression and mixed effect models, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, clinical site, smoking status, and percentage of energy intake from fat at baseline. The association between changes in RBC-FAs with visceral adiposity measures and CMRFs was assessed after covariate and False Discovery Rate (FDR <0.05) adjustment. RESULTS No major differences in RBC-FA profiles were observed between groups, with the exception of MUFA cis-vaccenic [18:1n-7c], which was significantly higher in AVO (β: 0.11 [0.05, 0.17]) compared with the HAB (β: 0.03 [-0.03, 0.08]) participants. In the HAB but not AVO group, increases in MUFA cis (18:1n-7c, oleic [18;1n-9c], erucic [22:1n-9c]) and MUFA trans (palmitelaidic [16:1n-7t], vaccenic [18:1n-7t], elaidic [18:1n-9t], and petroselaidic [18;1n-10-12t), as well as PUFA γ-linolenic [18:3n-6], dihomo-γ-linolenic [20:3n-6], arachidonic [20:4n-6], and α-linolenic [18:3n-3] were associated with unfavorable changes in visceral adiposity measures, lipid profiles, glucose, insulin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Daily avocado intake over 6-mo modified RBC-MUFA composition, notably 18:1n-7c, and potentially mitigated some of the unfavorable individual RBC-FA-CMRF associations observed over time in the HAB group. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study as NCT03528031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupa R Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Laura Lovato
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Joan Sabate
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University School of Public Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, Loma Linda University School of Public Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David M Reboussin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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O'Neil LJ, Anaparti V, Winter T, Smolik I, Meng X, Aukema HM, El-Gabalawy H. Lipoxygenase-derived oxylipins are enriched in anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive individuals at risk for developing rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:51. [PMID: 38360827 PMCID: PMC10868017 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is typically preceded by an extended preclinical period where circulating autoantibodies, particularly anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), are detectable in the absence of clinical arthritis. Increased dietary intake of anti-inflammatory omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been shown to be associated with a lower the risk of developing incident RA in large epidemiological studies. It is currently not known how changes in fatty acid (FA) metabolism may impact on the progression towards RA in at-risk individuals. To begin to address this question, we profiled serum FAs and oxylipins in an established cohort of at-risk ACPA-positive first-degree relatives (FDR) of RA patients (N = 31), some of whom developed RA (N = 4), and compared their profile to ACPA-negative FDR from the same population (N = 10). METHODS Gas chromatography (GC) was used for FA quantitation. Oxylipins were extracted and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). RESULTS Although we did not detect any meaningful differences in overall FA content between ACPA + and ACPA - FDR, the levels of oxylipins derived from FA metabolism demonstrated significant differences between the two groups, with the ACPA + group demonstrating enrichment in circulating arachidonic acid- and eicosapentaenoic acid-derived molecules. Compared with the ACPA - FDR group, the ACPA + FDR, including those who progressed into inflammatory arthritis, displayed higher levels of LOX-derived oxylipins. CONCLUSION ACPA seropositivity in otherwise unaffected individuals at-risk for developing future RA based on family history (FDR) is associated with alterations in the serum oxylipin profile that suggests dysregulated LOX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J O'Neil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vidyanand Anaparti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tanja Winter
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Irene Smolik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Xiaobo Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Hani El-Gabalawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, Stevanović V, Milešević J, Zeković M, Popović T, Jovanović J, Vidović NK. Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1065578. [PMID: 37545582 PMCID: PMC10397414 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fatty acids (FAs) composition and desaturase activities can be altered in different metabolic conditions, but the adiposity-independent associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations of FAs composition and estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical cardiometabolic risk indicators in non-diabetic Serbian women, and to investigate if these associations were independent of the level of adiposity and other confounders. Methods In 76 non-diabetic, otherwise healthy Serbian women, aged 24-68 years, with or without metabolic syndrome or obesity (BMI=23.6±5.6 kg/m2), FA composition in erythrocyte phospholipids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activities were estimated from product/precursor FAs ratios (D9D:16:1n-7/16:0; D6D:20:3n-6/18:2n-6; D5D:20:4n-6/20:3n-6). Correlations were made with anthropometric, biochemical (serum glucose, triacylglycerols, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, and their ratios) and clinical (blood pressure) indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Linear regression models were performed to test the independence of these associations. Results Estimated desaturase activities and certain FAs were associated with anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk: D9D, D6D, 16:1n-7 and 20:3n-6 were directly associated, while D5D and 18:0 were inversely associated. However, the associations with clinical and biochemical indicators were not independent of the associations with the level of adiposity, since they were lost after controlling for anthropometric indices. After controlling for multiple confounders (age, postmenopausal status, education, smoking, physical activity, dietary macronutrient intakes, use of supplements, alcohol consumption), the level of adiposity was the most significant predictor of desaturase activities and aforementioned FAs levels, and mediated their association with biochemical/clinical indicators. Vice versa, desaturase activities predicted the level of adiposity, but not other components of cardiometabolic risk (if the level of adiposity was accounted). While the associations of anthropometric indices with 16:1n-7, 20:3n-6, 18:0 and D9D and D6D activities were linear, the associations with D5D activity were the inverse U-shaped. The only adiposity-independent association of FAs profiles with the indicators of cardiometabolic risk was a positive association of 20:5n-3 with ALT/AST ratio, which requires further exploration. Discussion Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Kardum Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Composition and taste of beef, pork, and duck meat and bioregulatory functions of imidazole dipeptides in meat. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2125. [PMID: 36746992 PMCID: PMC9902555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study quantified the nutritional components and imidazole dipeptide levels of commercially available meats (beef, pork, and duck), and their effects on taste were quantified via taste recognition devices. Although meat and its products are considered high-risk diets, meat components, such as imidazole dipeptides, exert bioregulatory functions. Further, considering their bioregulatory function, commercial meats' antioxidant activity and vascular endothelial function were examined. Characteristic variations in nutritional components were observed depending on the type and part of meat analyzed. These components affected the taste and texture of meat. The main imidazole dipeptides detected were anserine (duck meat) and carnosine (beef and pork). Meat with larger quantities of total imidazole dipeptide demonstrated better sensory test results. Therefore, anserine and carnosine effects on taste were determined using a taste recognition device; carnosine alone produced a noticeably bitter taste, whereas adding anserine reduced bitterness and enhanced umami taste. In a few cases, cooking enhanced the quantity of carnosine and/or anserine and their antioxidant activities. We demonstrated the ability of imidazole dipeptides, particularly anserine, to improve nitric oxide production in vascular endothelial cells. This study provides essential information for health-conscious consumers to develop high-quality, functional meat products.
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Determination of n-3 index and arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio in dried blood spot by gas chromatography. Biotechniques 2022; 73:25-33. [PMID: 35698842 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2021-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that analysis of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is essential to evaluate nutritional requirements and disease risk. We describe a simple, sensitive and non-invasive method for estimating the n-3 index and arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio in dried blood spots (DBSs). Experimental: After obtaining DBSs on a spot card, PUFAs were transesterified (direct, acidic transesterification) and subsequently extracted with n-hexane. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used to analyze the extracted PUFAs, and then n-3 index and AA/EPA ratio were calculated. Method validation showed satisfactory precision and linearity. Conclusion: This analysis is simple and reliable to estimate PUFA status, and it was successfully applied to samples from 20 subjects, demonstrating its applicability.
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de Fátima Bortolato Piccioli A, Ferreira CSR, Dos Santos PDS, Senes CER, Visentainer JV, Santos OO. Direct Methylation for Determination of Fatty Acids in Coffee Samples by GC-FID. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 60:725-731. [PMID: 34999770 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The direct methylation method developed in this work for coffee samples allowed the determination of fatty acids using smaller sample amounts (100 mg), lower solvent volumes (5 mL) and shorter experimental run time (~12 min). Hence, the experiments are more economical and collaborate with green chemistry, besides favoring the health of the analyst who handles a smaller amount of solvents in a short period. Design Expert software was employed to determine the optimal concentration of the acid and base (0.7 e 1.75 molL-1) and evaluate the sonication time (5 min for both procedures). The experiments were carried out on different coffee samples in which the fat content ranging from 10.18% to 14.86%. The relative standard deviation values for intraday and interday were 2.78% and 7.8%, respectively, confirming the good precision of the proposed method for fatty acid derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carlos Eduardo Rubio Senes
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Colombo Avenue, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Colombo Avenue, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Oscar Oliveira Santos
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Colombo Avenue, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil
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Dose-Dependent Increase in Whole Blood Omega-3 Fatty Acid Concentration in Horses Receiving a Marine-Based Fatty-Acid Supplement. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 108:103781. [PMID: 34800796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an oral, commercially available, marine based omega-3 fatty acid (n3-FA) supplement on fatty acid characteristics in horse whole blood. Fifty healthy, adult horses of various light breeds were assigned to one of two treatment groups: Group 1 receiving 7.5g/day of the test supplement, and Group 2 receiving 15g/day of the test supplement. The supplement contained 0.092g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 0.148g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) per gram. Therefore, Group 1 received 1.11g of EPA and 0.69g of DHA daily, while Group 2 received 2.22g of EPA and 1.38g DHA daily. Blood was taken at time of enrollment and after 6 and 12 weeks of supplementation. Blood was subjected to gas chromatography to quantify the fatty acid characteristics of whole blood. At both 6 and 12 weeks following supplementation, there was a significant increase in all n3-FAs evaluated, including DHA and EPA, compared to baseline values, with Group 2 significantly increased compared to Group 1 at both time points. There was also a significant decrease in omega-6 fatty acids (n6-FAs) between baseline and 6 weeks of supplementation in both groups, with a larger decrease seen in Group 2. The dose-dependent increases in concentration of all n3-FAs evaluated at all-time points validates the use of this product as a n3-FA targeted supplement in horses. These findings also suggest that dose of supplement has a greater effect on increasing whole blood n3-FAs compared to duration of treatment.
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Zhao X, He Y, Chen J, Zhang J, Chen L, Wang B, Wu C, Yuan Y. Identification and direct determination of fatty acids profile in oleic acid by HPLC-CAD and MS-IT-TOF. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114238. [PMID: 34273659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Oleic acid is a pharmaceutical excipient and has been widely used in many dosage forms. It remains unclear in terms of the fatty acids (FAs) profile. In this study, a sensitive and direct method based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with charged aerosol detector (HPLC-CAD) was developed to study the compositions of oleic acid. The chromatographic conditions were optimized to achieve good separation and high sensitivity. The components of oleic acid were identified by ion trap/time of flight mass spectrometry (MS-IT-TOF). Twenty-seven FAs were identified based on the exact mass-to-charge ratio and fragments, among which 13 FAs were confirmed with the reference standards. Nine FAs in the oleic acid samples including oleic acid, linolenic acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and behenic acid were simultaneously determined by the developed HPLC-CAD, which showed good linearity with r2>0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 9 FAs were 0.006-0.1 μg mL-1 and 0.032-0.22 μg mL-1, respectively. The components with concentration level not less than 0.03 % (referring to the sample concentration of 1.0 mg mL-1) can be quantified. The mean recovery values of 9 FAs ranged from 96.5%-103.6% at three concentration levels of 80 %, 100 % and 120 %. The repeatability and intermediate precision were less than 5.0 % for oleic acid and components with concentration levels more than 0.05 %. In contrast to the conventional pre-column derivatization gas chromatography (GC), HPLC-CAD could unbiasedly and directly detect more components, especially the FAs with long carbon chains. Overall, the developed novel HPLC-CAD method can ameliorate the deficiency of the indirect GC method recorded in current pharmacopeias, thus having great potential for the comprehensive understanding and quality control of oleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhao
- Chemical Laboratory Second Laboratory, Jiangsu Institute for Drug and Food Control, Nanjing, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanzi He
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jungen Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Lei Chen
- Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Baocheng Wang
- Nanjing Well Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyong Wu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yaozuo Yuan
- Chemical Laboratory Second Laboratory, Jiangsu Institute for Drug and Food Control, Nanjing, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China.
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Mouillot T, Rizk M, Pais de Barros JP, Gilloteau A, Busson A, Bernard-Chabert B, Thiefin G, Barraud H, Bronowicki JP, Richou C, Di Martino V, Doffoel M, Minello A, Latournerie M, Jouve JL, Brondel L, Brindisi MC, Petit JM, Hillon P, Cottet V. Fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 52:1503-1515. [PMID: 32780481 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in fatty acid (FA) metabolism have been reported in cirrhosis, but the role of FAs in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Biomarkers are a promising means to explore the associations between exogenous intake or endogenous production of FAs and cancer risk. AIM To estimate the relationship between fatty acid content in erythrocyte membranes and HCC risk in cirrhotic patients METHODS: The "CiRCE" case-control study recruited cirrhotic patients from six French hospitals between 2008 and 2012. Cases were cirrhotic patients with HCC (n = 349); controls were cirrhotic patients without HCC at inclusion (n = 550). FA composition of phospholipids in erythrocyte membranes was determined by high performance gas chromatography. Odds ratios for HCC risk according to FA concentrations were estimated with multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS HCC patients were older and more often men (P < 0.001). In both groups, saturated FAs represented more than 39% of all FAs in erythrocyte membranes, mono-unsaturated FAs around 14%, and polyunsaturated FAs around 46%. High levels of C15:0 + C17:0, C20:1 n-9, C18:2 n-6 and C20:2 n-6 were associated with higher risk of HCC. The levels of C18:0 and C20:4 n-6 were lower in HCC cases than in controls. CONCLUSIONS The FA composition of erythrocyte membranes differed according to the presence of HCC with higher levels of saturated FAs, linoleic and eicosadienoic acids, and lower levels of stearic and arachidonic acids. These alterations may reflect particular dietary patterns and/or altered FA metabolism. Further investigations are warranted.
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Chemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics of Different Food Seeds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10051589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of five different food seeds (sunflower, poppy, hemp, flax and sesame) regarding fatty acid, mineral (Fe, Cu, Zn, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Al) and protein content. In addition, the total antioxidant capacity of the seeds was evaluated using the photochemiluminescent assay. The food seeds were subjected to lipid extraction and converted into fatty acid methyl esters before the gas chromatography analysis. In all food seeds, the saturated (SFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were identified, respectively. PUFAs were the most abundant fatty acids (61.2% ± 0.07% and 84.8% ± 0.08% of total fatty acids), with the highest content in flax and hemp seed oil. Also, high amounts of omega-3 from PUFAs were determined in flax and hempseed oil. Based on the obtained results the sunflower, sesame and poppy seeds are good sources of omega-6, while flax and hemp seeds are good sources of omega-3. All samples are rich in minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and have more than 20% protein content.
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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies for fatty acid analysis in biological samples. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 28:60-73. [PMID: 31883609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids play critical roles in biological systems. Imbalances in fatty acids are related to a variety of diseases, which makes the measurement of fatty acids in biological samples important. Many analytical strategies have been developed to investigate fatty acids in various biological samples. Due to the structural diversity of fatty acids, many factors need to be considered when developing analytical methods including extraction methods, derivatization methods, column selections, and internal standard selections. This review focused on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based methods. We reviewed several commonly used fatty acid extraction approaches, including liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase microextraction. Moreover, both acid and base derivatization methods and other specially designed methods were comprehensively reviewed, and their strengths and limitations were discussed. Having good separation efficiency is essential to building an accurate and reliable GC-MS platform for fatty acid analysis. We reviewed the separation performance of different columns and discussed the application of multidimensional GC for improving separations. The selection of internal standards was also discussed. In the final section, we introduced several biomedical studies that measured fatty acid levels in different sample matrices and provided hints on the relationships between fatty acid imbalances and diseases.
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Bioanalytical insights into the association between eicosanoids and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:269-277. [PMID: 29934821 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been noted that inflammatory were intimately associated with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid play crucial roles in chronic inflammation. Accordingly, there is an intricate relationship between eicosanoids and HCC, being supported by the epidemiological, clinical, and basic science studies. Herein, we intend to provide bioanalytical insights into the role of eicosanoids in HCC progression, from cell proliferation, angiogenesis migration, to apoptosis. Also, the analytical methods and biochemistry of eicosanoids are described.
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López de Frutos L, Cebolla JJ, Irún P, Köhler R, Giraldo P. The erythrocyte osmotic resistance test as screening tool for cholesterol-related lysosomal storage diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 480:161-165. [PMID: 29447902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythrocyte volume regulation and membrane elasticity are essential for adaptation to osmotic and mechanical stress, and life span. Here, we evaluated whether defective cholesterol trafficking caused by the rare lysosomal storages diseases (LSDs), Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) and Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) deficiency (LALD) impairs these properties. Moreover, we tested whether measurements of cholesterol membrane content and osmotic resistance serve as a screening test for these LSDs. METHODS Patients were genotyped for mutations in NPC1, NPC2, or LIPA genes. We measured LSD plasma biomarkers and LAL activity. Red blood cells (RBC) membrane cholesterol content was evaluated in 73 subjects. Osmotic resistance tests (ORT) were conducted in 121 blood samples from LSD suspected patients and controls. RESULTS We did not find statistically significant differences between RBC cholesterol content between subjects and controls. However, the ORT, particularly at 0.49% (w/v) hypotonic sodium chloride solution, revealed a significant higher osmotic resistance in LSDs patients than in controls. We established a cut-off value of ≤51% of haemolysis with sensibility and specificity values of 80% and 70%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS NPC and LALD do not alter cholesterol content in the RBC membrane but increase osmotic resistance. Therefore, ORT serves as screening test for the studied LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López de Frutos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) GIIS-012, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Fundación para el Estudio y la Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y Otras Lisosomales (FEETEG), Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
| | - Jorge J Cebolla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) GIIS-012, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) U-752, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Pilar Irún
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) GIIS-012, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) U-752, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ralf Köhler
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) U-752, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Pilar Giraldo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) GIIS-012, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Fundación para el Estudio y la Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y Otras Lisosomales (FEETEG), Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) U-752, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Tsoutsi D, Sanles-Sobrido M, Cabot A, Gil PR. Common Aspects Influencing the Translocation of SERS to Biomedicine. Curr Med Chem 2018; 25:4638-4652. [PMID: 29303073 PMCID: PMC6302347 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180105101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review overviews the impact in biomedicine of surface enhanced. Raman scattering motivated by the great potential we believe this technique has. We present the advantages and limitations of this technique relevant to bioanalysis in vitro and in vivo and how this technique goes beyond the state of the art of traditional analytical, labelling and healthcare diagnostic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pilar Rivera Gil
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Tel/Fax: +34933160918; E-mail:
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