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Shadid ILC, Guchelaar HJ, Weiss ST, Mirzakhani H. Vitamin D beyond the blood: Tissue distribution of vitamin D metabolites after supplementation. Life Sci 2024; 355:122942. [PMID: 39134205 PMCID: PMC11371480 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3's role in mineral homeostasis through its endocrine function, associated with the main circulating metabolite 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, is well characterized. However, the increasing recognition of vitamin D3's paracrine and autocrine functions-such as cell growth, immune function, and hormone regulation-necessitates examining vitamin D3 levels across different tissues post-supplementation. Hence, this review explores the biodistribution of vitamin D3 in blood and key tissues following oral supplementation in humans and animal models, highlighting the biologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and the primary clearance metabolite, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. While our findings indicate significant progress in understanding how circulating metabolite levels respond to supplementation, comprehensive insight into their tissue concentrations remains limited. The gap is particularly significant during pregnancy, a period of drastically increased vitamin D3 needs and metabolic alterations, where data remains sparse. Within the examined dosage ranges, both human and animal studies indicate that vitamin D3 and its metabolites are retained in tissues selectively. Notably, vitamin D3 concentrations in tissues show greater variability in response to administered doses. In contrast, its metabolites maintain a more consistent concentration range, albeit different among tissues, reflecting their tighter regulatory mechanisms following supplementation. These observations suggest that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels may not adequately reflect vitamin D3 and its metabolite concentrations in different tissues. Therefore, future research should aim to generate robust human data on the tissue distribution of vitamin D3 and its principal metabolites post-supplementation. Relating this data to clinically appropriate exposure metrics will enhance our understanding of vitamin D3's cellular effects and guide refinement of clinical trial methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskander L C Shadid
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Pasenkiewicz-Gierula M, Hryc J, Markiewicz M. Dynamic and Energetic Aspects of Carotenoids In-and-Around Model Lipid Membranes Revealed in Molecular Modelling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8217. [PMID: 39125791 PMCID: PMC11312187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to plants, humans are unable to synthesise carotenoids and have to obtain them from diet. Carotenoids fulfil several crucial biological functions in the organism; however, due to poor solubility in water, their bioavailability from plant-based food is low. The processes of carotenoid absorption and availability in the human body have been intensively studied. The recent experimental findings concerning these processes are briefly presented in the introductory part of this review, together with a summary of such topics as carotenoid carriers, body transport and tissue delivery, to finally report on molecular-level studies of carotenoid binding by membrane receptors. The main message of the review is contained in the section describing computational investigations of carotenoid intercalation and dynamic behaviour in lipid bilayers. The relevance of these computational studies lies in showing the direct link between the microscopic behaviour of molecules and the characteristics of their macroscopic ensembles. Furthermore, studying the interactions between carotenoids and lipid bilayers, and certainly proteins, on the molecular- and atomic-level using computational methods facilitates the interpretation and explanation of their macroscopic properties and, hopefully, helps to better understand the biological functions of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pasenkiewicz-Gierula
- Department of Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.H.); (M.M.)
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Zhang J, Chen Z, Lao Y, Pan X, Zhang X, Xiao J, He L, Cao Y, Liu X. Cluster of Differentiation 36 (CD36) Preferentially Mediates Intestinal Absorption of Dietary Z-Astaxanthin and Especially 9- Z-Isomer via Higher Binding Affinity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16287-16297. [PMID: 38986018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Variances in the biological functions of astaxanthin geometric isomers (i.e., all-E, Z) are related to their intestinal absorption, but the mechanism of isomer absorption mediated by transporters remains unclear. Here, models of in vitro cell overexpression, in situ intestinal perfusion, and in vivo mouse inhibition were employed to investigate the impact of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) on the absorption of astaxanthin isomers. Cells overexpressing CD36 notably enhanced the uptake of Z-astaxanthin, particularly the 9-Z-isomer (47.76%). The absorption rate and permeability of Z-astaxanthin surpassed that of the all-E-isomer by the in situ model. Furthermore, the addition of the CD36-specific inhibitor sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate significantly reduced the absorption of Z-astaxanthin in the mouse duodenum and jejunum, especially the 9-Z-isomer (57.66%). Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance techniques further validated that 9-Z-astaxanthin binds to more amino acids of CD36 with higher affinity and in a fast-binding, fast-dissociating mode, thus favoring transport. Our findings elucidate, for the first time, the mechanism of the CD36-mediated transmembrane transport of astaxanthin geometric isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yulu Lao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liping He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Kuang H, Peng X, Liu Y, Li D. The pro-absorptive effect of glycosylated zein-fatty acid complexes on fucoxanthin via the lipid transporter protein delivery pathway. Food Chem 2024; 446:138892. [PMID: 38432136 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Growing research confirms that lipid transport proteins play a key role in the trans-intestinal epithelial transport of carotenoids. In this study, to simultaneously improve the digestive stability and intestinal absorption of fucoxanthin (FX), functionalized vectors with a capability of up-regulating the expression of FX-specific lipid transporter proteins was fabricated. The results showed that myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid effectively promoted FX-specific lipid transporter protein expression and formed stable self-assembly complexes with Millard-modified zein (MZ). The FX was sufficiently encapsulated in the MZ-fatty acid (FA) particles, forming spherical nanoparticles with a "core-shell" structure. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion showed that FA introduction significantly increased the FX bioaccessibility. In vivo results further verified that adding FAs dramatically increased the FX serum response concentration. These findings suggest that incorporating nutrients that can promote lipid transporter protein expression into delivery vehicles should be an effective strategy for improving oral carotenoid absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Kuang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Peng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dan Li
- Navy Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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El Aoud A, Marze S, Halimi C, Desmarchelier C, Vairo D, Reboul E. Fatty acid/monoglyceride type and amount modulate fat-soluble vitamin absorption from mixed assemblies in mice. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114073. [PMID: 38395550 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of fatty acid/ monoglyceride type and amount on the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Micelles or vesicles made with either caprylic acid (CA) + monocaprylin (MC) or oleic acid (OA) + monoolein (MO) at low or high concentrations were infused in bile duct-ligated mice. Retinol + retinyl ester and γ-tocopherol intestinal mucosa contents were higher in mice infused with CA + MC than with OA + MO (up to + 350 % for vitamin A and up to + 62 %, for vitamin E; p < 0.05). Cholecalciferol intestinal mucosa content was the highest in mice infused with micelles with CA + MC at 5 mg/mL (up to + 105 %, p < 0.05). Retinyl ester plasma response was higher with mixed assemblies formed at low concentration of FA + MG compared to high concentration (up to + 1212 %, p < 0.05), while no difference in cholecalciferol and γ-tocopherol plasma responses were measured. No correlation between size or zeta potential and vitamin absorption was found. The impact of FA and MG on fat-soluble vitamin absorption thus differs from one vitamin to another and should be considered to formulate adequate vitamin oral or enteral supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma El Aoud
- Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, C2VN, Marseille, France; INRAE, BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Charles Desmarchelier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, C2VN, Marseille, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Donato Vairo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, INSERM, C2VN, Marseille, France
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