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Rio CJ, Saligan LN. Understanding physical activity from a cultural-contextual lens. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1223919. [PMID: 37601221 PMCID: PMC10436229 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1223919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to emphasize the need to acknowledge unique cultural and contextual meanings of physical activity to improve health outcomes in different communities. Leininger's Sunrise Model was used as the theoretical base to understand the complex cultural and contextual factors that influence physical activity. Beliefs and practices surrounding physical activity are influenced by a variety of cultural and contextual factors. Providing culturally relevant contexts to the meaning of physical activity allows opportunities for improving policies or programs that would engage individuals and communities in physical activity in culturally meaningful ways. Incorporating cultural and contextual factors is critical to promote physical activity, especially in minority and vulnerable communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leorey N. Saligan
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Arbel Y, Fialkoff C, Kerner A. Do Ultra-Orthodox Israeli Jews Suffer more than Secular Israeli Jews from Obesity? Gender, Cohort Effect and the Yule-Simpson Paradox. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:255-267. [PMID: 36208353 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Yule-Simpson paradox indicates contradicting statistical outcomes for the pooled sample and for each stratified group separately. The objective of the current study is to demonstrate this paradox. The sample is based on a 2015-2016 longitudinal survey carried out by the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics. The sample includes 1194 individuals, where the responses of 1140 individuals were assessed twice (in 2015 and 2016) and the responses of 54 individuals were recorded only once. This gives a total sample of 2334 observations × years. The sample includes 609 females and 585 males. We use the limited dependent binary probit regression model. The dependent variable is a dummy variable that equals 1 if the individual is obese (BMI ≥ 30, where BMI = WEIGHT ÷ (HEIGHT2), WEIGHT is measured in kilograms and HEIGHT is measured in meters) and zero otherwise. The independent variables are the denomination (secular vs. ultra-Orthodox) and age in years. Findings suggest that on the one hand, for the pooled sample of 21-50-year-old females and males, results clearly support the conclusion that compared with secular Israeli Jews, projected probability of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) among ultra-Orthodox Israeli Jews is higher (p = 0.0128). On the other hand, when stratified by gender, one cannot reject the opposite conclusion, according to which projected probability of obesity is equal for all cohorts among ultra-Orthodox and secular Israeli Jews. Research findings thus stress the importance of cautious and rigorous statistical analysis and robustness tests prior to statistical inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Arbel
- Sir Harry Solomon School of Economics and Management, Western Galilee College, 2412101, Acre, Israel.
| | - Chaim Fialkoff
- Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, 9190501, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amichai Kerner
- School of Real Estate, Netanya Academic College, 1 University Street, 4223587, Netanya, Israel
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Gupta MK, Mingwal M, Mantri N, Goel AD, Bhardwaj P, Singh K. Why The Knowledge of Indian School-Going Adolescents Regarding NCDs is Not Transforming into Lifestyle Changes? Niger Med J 2022; 63:326-335. [PMID: 38863467 PMCID: PMC11163254 DOI: 10.60787/nmj-63-4-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of research to demonstrate the quantification of adolescents' risk behavior toward Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) in India. This study aims to explain the knowledge of school-aged adolescents about NCD and whether their knowledge is truly translating into lifestyle changes and if not, what are the potential underlying factors responsible for that. Methodology A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents in Jodhpur district, India, in grades 6 to 12. The data was gathered via a semi-structured questionnaire. The participant's weight and height were assessed using a digital weighing machine and a stadiometer, respectively. SPSS v.23 was used to analyze the data. Univariate (chi-square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis were used to quantify knowledge and risk factors, and inferences were derived. Results A total of 1010 students participated in the study. The mean scores of knowledge and risk behavior were 32.82±6.43 (out of 40) and 9.23+2.63 (out of 30), respectively. Adolescent risk behavior and knowledge were not found to be significantly related. Physical activity, spending fewer hours sitting, not skipping breakfast, and habit of fruit and vegetable consumption were significant factors for a healthy lifestyle among them. Conclusion Due to differences in underlying predictors, adolescents' understanding of NCDs did not translate into healthy lifestyle modifications. These findings highlight the importance of developing tailored interventions for adolescents that target identified risk domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Mrinalini Mingwal
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Neha Mantri
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Akhil Dhanesh Goel
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Jodhpur, India
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Buchtova M, Malinakova K, Novak L, Janu A, Husek V, Van Dijk JP, Tavel P. The Associations of Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic With Religiosity and Spirituality: A Cross-Sectional Study in Czech Adults. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604712. [PMID: 35769134 PMCID: PMC9235545 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We investigated the associations between religiosity/spirituality and respondents’ changes in their relationships, feelings, thinking, and behaviour during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic.Methods: A sample of Czech adults (n = 1,434; 48.3 ± 16.4 years; 49.65% women) participated in the online survey. We measured spirituality, religiosity, self-reported changes in relationships, disrupted feelings, and changes in behaviour during the pandemic.Results: Spiritual respondents were more likely to report increased physical activity, sex, reading and self-education, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.26 (95% confidence interval 1.09–1.46) to 1.56 (1.31–1.86). The combination of spirituality and religiosity led to an increase in the range of ORs to 1.57–2.69. Spiritual and religious participants were less likely to feel the decrease of hope by 70%, while mere spirituality significantly reduced the decrease of hope by only 30%. Religiosity itself led to a lower risk of reporting a disrupted day structure with an OR = 0.74 (0.58–0.95).Conclusion: Religiosity and spirituality separately help people during a pandemic in some areas. Especially their combination has a more positive impact on relationships, feelings, and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Buchtova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Marie Buchtova,
| | - Klara Malinakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lukas Novak
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Anna Janu
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Vit Husek
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jitse P. Van Dijk
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Tavel
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Saintila J, Calizaya-Milla YE, Brañes-Ruiz DE, Nunura-Figueroa PR, Chávez-Hernández TC, Bautista-Mayuri VA, Santisteban-Murga LNR, Calizaya-Milla SE, Baquedano-Santana LE. Relationship Between Dietary Self-Efficacy and Religiosity Among Seventh-Day Adventists in Peru. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:259-269. [PMID: 35210784 PMCID: PMC8860354 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s350990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of the studies involving members of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church (SDA) have been conducted in the United States and Canada. Aim The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between dietary self-efficacy and religiosity among SDA members in Peru. Methods In this online cross-sectional study, 403 participants aged 18 to 59 years selected by convenience were included. The data collected included sociodemographic information. In addition, the Dietary Self-Efficacy Scale (DIET-SE) and the Duke University Index of Religion (DUREL) were administered. A correlation analysis was performed and multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between religiosity, dietary self-efficacy, and sociodemographic variables. Results Dietary self-efficacy was significantly negatively correlated with all dimensions of religiosity, ie, organized religious activities (ORA), non-organized religious activities (NORA), and intrinsic religiosity (IR). In addition, participants had high dietary self-efficacy and religiosity. Conclusion Although religiosity dimensions did not significantly predict dietary self-efficacy, however, the non-organized religious activities dimension was the strongest predictor of dietary self-efficacy among Adventists in Peru. The present study will serve as a basis for future research to further investigate the potential positive effect of religiosity on the improvement a healthy diet and possible changes in the physical and mental health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacksaint Saintila
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
- Correspondence: Jacksaint Saintila, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Chosica, Lima, 15, Perú, Tel +51 991 354 542, Email
| | - Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Digna E Brañes-Ruiz
- Departamento de capellanía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Pedro R Nunura-Figueroa
- Departamento de capellanía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Treisy C Chávez-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Vasthy A Bautista-Mayuri
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Luz N R Santisteban-Murga
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Sergio E Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Laura E Baquedano-Santana
- Escuela de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
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Brown L, Sharma M, Leggett S, Sung JH, Bennett RL, Azevedo M. Efficacy testing of the SAVOR (Sisters Adding Fruits and Vegetables for Optimal Results) intervention among African American women: A randomized controlled trial. Health Promot Perspect 2020; 10:270-280. [PMID: 32802764 PMCID: PMC7420176 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2020.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the United States, only about 15% of individuals meet daily fruit intake recommendations of 2 cups per day and only 10% meet the vegetable intake recommendations of3 cups per day. African American women are a high-risk group. In this study, a fourth-generation multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change was used to design and evaluate a SistersAdding Fruits and Vegetables for Optimal Results (SAVOR) intervention for AA women. Methods: The study utilized a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with measurements taken at pretest, posttest (after the three-week intervention) and follow-up (at the end of eight weeks).SAVOR (n=26) was compared to an equivalent knowledge-based intervention (n=28). Process evaluation was done for program fidelity and satisfaction. A validated 38-item self-reported questionnaire was used to measure changes in MTM constructs and past 24-hour consumption of fruits and vegetables. Results: The SAVOR intervention resulted in improvement of mean consumption of fruits and vegetables in the experimental group from pre-test (2.78) to posttest (4.77) to recommended levels at follow-up (5.04) while in the comparison group they remained at around 3 (P<0.0001)Statistically significant changes (P<0.05) were noted for all MTM constructs except for participatory dialogue. Conclusion: The SAVOR intervention was found to be efficacious and established the robustness of MTM. SAVOR can be replicated for future effectiveness trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaVonne Brown
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
| | - Sophia Leggett
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
| | - Jung Hye Sung
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
| | - Russell L Bennett
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
| | - Mario Azevedo
- Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, MS, USA
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Ntenda PAM, Kazambwe JF. A multilevel analysis of overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Malawi: evidence from the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. Int Health 2020; 11:496-506. [PMID: 30517652 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihy093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some cancers and musculoskeletal disorders. In Malawi, the proportion of women who are overweight/obese has doubled, from 10% in 1992 to 21% in 2015-16. Therefore we aimed to explore the individual- and community-level factors associated with overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of child-bearing age. METHODS Secondary analysis of the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey was conducted. Overweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 25 to <30 kg/m2, while obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Two-level multilevel multivariable logistic regression models were constructed using a logit-link function with a binomial distribution on 7326 women living in 850 different communities. RESULTS At the individual level, the adjusted multilevel regression results showed that women 15-19 y of age as well as women from the poorest households had reduced odds of being overweight/obese. However, women with white collar jobs and women who were affiliated with the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian and the Roman Catholic church had increased odds of being overweight/obese. At the community level, women from urban areas and women who resided in communities with a low percentage of media exposure had increased odds of being overweight or obese. While women from poor communities had reduced odds of being overweight and obese, the proportion change in variance showed that 56, 77 and 78% of total variations in the odds of overweight, obese and overweight/obese across the communities were explained by both individual- and community-level factors. The median odds ratio showed that the likelihood of maternal overweight, obese and overweight/obese increased by 63, 39 and 84% when the women moved from low- to high-risk neighbourhoods. CONCLUSIONS Older women, Christian women, women with white collar jobs and women from the richest households should be targeted during policy formulation. At the community level, media coverage should be spread evenly so that health awareness messages, consequences and means of overweight and obesity prevention are getting to the targeted women. Our study revealed evidence of clustering effects of overweight and obesity at the community level, hence neighbourhood variations with respect to maternal overweight and obesity should be taken into account when designing nutritional policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Flora Kazambwe
- NBS House Corner Chipembere Highway & Johnstone Roads, Ginnery Corner Blantyre, PO Box 32251, Chichiri Blantyre 3, Malawi
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Moreira WC, Nóbrega MDPSDS, Lima FPS, Lago EC, Lima MO. Efeitos da associação entre espiritualidade, religiosidade e atividade física na saúde/saúde mental: revisão sistemática. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2020; 54:e03631. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2019012903631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar na literatura evidências acerca dos efeitos da associação entre espiritualidade, religiosidade e atividade física na saúde física e mental. Método: Revisão sistemática realizada em janeiro de 2019 nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web Of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS e SciELO, com os descritores “spirituality”, “religion”, “physical activity” e “physical exercise”. Incluíram-se estudos primários realizados com adultos, publicados até 2018 em português, inglês ou espanhol. Resultados: Foram selecionados nove estudos, publicados entre 2011 e 2017, todos internacionais, com desenho transversal (55%) e nível de evidência quatro (78%). Oito estudos abordaram efeitos na saúde física e um abordou efeitos na saúde mental. Conclusão: A Associação entre espiritualidade, religiosidade e atividade física promove efeitos na saúde física e mental, porém as evidências disponíveis não são suficientes para que esta associação seja aplicada na prática clínica.
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Nkoka O, Chuang TW, Chen YH. Multilevel Analysis of Factors Associated with Treatment-Seeking Behaviors among Caregivers with Febrile Children in Malawi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 100:1454-1465. [PMID: 30994089 PMCID: PMC6553897 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of childhood fever, an important sign of potentially serious infections such as malaria, is essential for controlling disease progression, and ultimately, preventing deaths. This study examined individual- and community-level factors associated with treatment-seeking behaviors and promptness in these behaviors among caregivers of febrile under-five children in Malawi. The 2015-2016 Malawi Demographic Health Survey was used to analyze a nationally representative sample of 4,133 under-five children who had fever within 2 weeks before the survey. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to examine the association between individual- and community-level factors and treatment-seeking behaviors. Approximately 67.3% of the caregivers reported seeking treatment for their febrile child, whereas only 46.3% reported promptly seeking treatment. Children from communities with moderate and high percentages of educated caregivers were more likely to be taken for treatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.01-1.58 and aOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02-1.70, respectively) than those from communities with a low percentage of educated caregivers. Children from communities with moderate and high percentages of caregivers complaining about the distance to a health facility were less likely to be taken for treatment (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58-0.96 and aOR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.51-0.88, respectively). At the individual level, having a cough in the last 2 weeks, region, religion, and having better health behaviors in other health dimensions were associated with fever treatment-seeking behaviors among Malawian caregivers. Programs aimed at improving treatment-seeking behaviors should consider these factors and the regional variations observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Nkoka
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wu Chuang
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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The Role of Religious Behavior in Health Self-Management: A Community-Based Participatory Research Study. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of chronic disease, mental health problems, and risk behaviors in San Bernardino (SB) County reflect some of the worst health outcomes in the State of California and the United States. Using the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change (ITHBC) as the theoretical framework, this community-based participatory research (CBPR) study aimed to determine how religious self-regulation skills and ability, and religious behaviors, jointly affect health promotion behaviors among socio-economically challenged residents of southwest SB County, California. A convenience sample of adult residents (N = 261) completed a series of inventories to measure the relationship between modified ITHBC constructs of religious self-regulation skills, religious self-management behaviors, and health outcomes. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted to validate the strong positive effect of religious self-regulation skills and ability on how frequently individuals engage in both organized and non-organized religious activities. Results also indicated a significant positive impact of religious behaviors towards healthy eating behaviors. However, without the engagement in religious activities, high religious self-regulation skills and ability inhibited the likelihood of healthy food intake. This faith-related theoretical model provides an avenue for faith-based organizations’ capacity for contributing to community health promotion.
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