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Rames JD, Frisco NA, Jiang R, Shah KP, Kahmke RR, Puscas L, Osazuwa-Peters N, Rocke DJ. Integrated Health Maintenance Reminders for Improved HPV Vaccine Administration: Toward Improvements in Completion Disparities. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 169:76-85. [PMID: 36939623 PMCID: PMC10293109 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a health maintenance reminder (HMR) on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine administration and completion across different age, insurance, and race cohorts. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective pre-post analysis. SETTING Academic primary care. METHODS Patients aged 9 to 26 who had initiated the HPV vaccine series from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed, based on current age-based standards. The cohort was divided based on vaccine uptake before and after the implementation of the HMR program in February 2020. The multivariate analysis estimated the odds of vaccine completion based on sociodemographic factors, and variable interactions were investigated to determine independent associations between sociodemographic factors and HMR implementation. RESULTS There were 7654 individual patients (mean age was 15.8 years; 46.7 were males; and 50.7% were white). HPV vaccine completion rates increased post-HMR implementation by 59.2% (37% pre-, and 58.9% post-HMR; p < .001) in the entire cohort. Overall, black patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60, 0.70) and patients ≥18 years (aOR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.15) were significantly less likely to complete their vaccine series; however, this improved significantly following HMR in these groups (p < .001). Post-HMR, race, and insurance status were not independently associated with disparate vaccine completion rates, however, age was, and patients ≤14 or younger had higher odds of vaccine completion (aOR = 3.54; 95% CI: 2.91, 4.32). CONCLUSION The implementation of an HMR was associated with increased HPV vaccine uptake across age and race groups in this single-institution study. Future research should explore barriers to implementing HMRs in different health care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess D. Rames
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke University Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North
Carolina, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive
Surgery, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Frisco
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of
Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin P. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Duke Primary Care, Durham, North
Carolina, USA
| | - Russel R. Kahmke
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liana Puscas
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina,
Department of Population Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel J. Rocke
- Duke University, Department of Head and Neck Surgery &
Communication Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Goel K, Vasudevan L. Disparities in healthcare access and utilization and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine initiation in the United States. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5390-5396. [PMID: 34736353 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1989919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently in the United States, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among eligible individuals is lower compared to coverage goals of 80% set by the HealthyPeople 2030 initiative. In this study, we used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 datasets to determine the association between HPV vaccine initiation among individuals of ages 9 to 26 years and their patterns of healthcare access and utilization. In particular, we examined the following healthcare characteristics: 1) having a routine place of healthcare, 2) having health insurance coverage, 3) frequency of healthcare visits per year, and 4) type of routine place of healthcare (outpatient primary care vs. ED, etc.). We fit independent multivariable logistic regression models for each NHANES dataset and controlled for sociodemographic characteristics and interactions with healthcare access and utilization characteristics. Our findings suggest that HPV vaccine initiation is positively associated with having a routine place of healthcare (2015-2016: aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.25-2.95; 2017-2018: aOR 1.99, 95% CI 1.07-3.68). Relatedly, HPV vaccine initiation is negatively associated with never having received healthcare in the past year (2015-2016: aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.90; 2017-2018: aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.27-0.75). The results of this study suggest that interventions to promote HPV vaccination should include strategies that promote access to and utilization of routine health care services. Our findings are particularly salient in light of the drop in HPV vaccine initiation and healthcare access and utilization among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Goel
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lavanya Vasudevan
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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