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Killackey T, Soltani S, Noel M, Birnie KA, Choinière M, Pagé MG, Dassieu L, Lacasse A, Lalloo C, Poulin P, Ali S, Baerg K, Battaglia M, Campbell F, Mohabir V, Nishat F, Kelly R, Lund T, Isaac-Bertrand A, Benayon M, Jordan I, Stinson J. "We survived the pandemic together": The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Canadian families living with chronic pain. Can J Pain 2023; 7:2157251. [PMID: 36760709 PMCID: PMC9904303 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2022.2157251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pediatric chronic pain is a significant problem in Canada, affecting one in five youth. This study describes the impact of the pandemic on the experiences of Canadian families living with chronic pain through interviews with youth living with chronic pain, parents, and siblings. Methods Employing a qualitative descriptive design, in-depth semistructured interviews were completed with Canadian youth living with pain, as well as parents and siblings. Participants were not required to be related. Interviews were analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Results Forty-four interviews were completed with 14 parents, 19 youth with chronic pain, and 11 siblings from across the country. Three key themes were developed: (1) absorbing and shifting: the toll of the pandemic on the family system (e.g., loss of coping mechanisms, shifting roles to respond to the pandemic), (2) social ambiguity and abandonment (e.g., social sacrifice and abandonment by the health care system), and (3) building community resilience: familial adaptation to the pandemic (e.g., family cohesion, confidence, and self-management). Discussion/Conclusions Youth, parents, and siblings reported that the pandemic impacted coping strategies across the family system. These results outline the challenges youth experienced managing their pain and overall health throughout the pandemic and the resilience built within families during this time. Going forward, it would be relevant to examine how racialized and structurally marginalized youth with chronic pain and their families experienced the pandemic. Future research should examine how unexpected benefits of the pandemic (e.g., increased confidence and self-management) may be sustained into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieghan Killackey
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabine Soltani
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melanie Noel
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathryn A. Birnie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manon Choinière
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M. Gabrielle Pagé
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréa, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lise Dassieu
- Research Center of the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anaïs Lacasse
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Poulin
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samina Ali
- Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Krista Baerg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Marco Battaglia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health CYEA programme, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fiona Campbell
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vina Mohabir
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fareha Nishat
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tatiana Lund
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ariane Isaac-Bertrand
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Summer Research Student, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myles Benayon
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li W, Xu Y, Luo X, Wen Y, Ding K, Xu W, Garg S, Yang Y, Sun H. Alleviating Excessive Worries Improves Co-Occurring Depression and Pain in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients: A Network Approach. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:1843-1854. [PMID: 36045943 PMCID: PMC9423732 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s376408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety, depression, and pain are highly interactive with each other in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients. This study aims to map out the connectivity between anxiety, depression and pain symptoms amongst Chinese AYA cancer patients from the perspective of a network model. METHODS Two hundred and eighteen AYA patients, aged between 15 and 39 years at diagnosis; completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and McGill Pain Questionnaire-Visual Analogue Scale (MPQ-VAS). Network analyses were performed. RESULTS In all, 38.07% (95% CI = 31.58-44.57%) of the participants reported depression, 30.73% (95% CI = 24.56-36.91%) reported anxiety, and 14.22% (95% CI = 9.55-18.89%) reported current pain. The generated network illustrated that anxiety, depression and pain community were well connected. In the network, "having trouble relaxing" (GAD4, node strength = 1.182), "uncontrollable worry" (GAD2, node strength = 1.165), and "sad mood" (PHQ2, node strength = 1.144) were identified as the most central symptoms, while "uncontrollable worry" (GAD2, bridge strength = 0.645), "guilty" (PHQ6, bridge strength = 0.545), and "restlessness" (GAD5, bridge strength = 0.414) were the key bridging symptoms that connected different communities. CONCLUSION Anxiety, depression and pain symptoms are highly interactive with each other. Alleviating AYA cancer patient's excessive worries might be helpful in improving the patient's co-occurring anxiety, depression and pain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Xu
- Department of Nursing, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlu Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Kairong Ding
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Mental Health Center,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Samradhvi Garg
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9BL, UK
| | - Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengwen Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
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