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Gallo E, Bellucci L, Carlotto S, Bottaro G, Babetto L, Giordano L, Marchetti F, Samaritani S, Armelao L, Labella L. Aluminium 8-Hydroxyquinolinate N-Oxide as a Precursor to Heterometallic Aluminium-Lanthanide Complexes. Molecules 2024; 29:451. [PMID: 38257364 PMCID: PMC10821320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A reaction in anhydrous toluene between the formally unsaturated fragment [Ln(hfac)3] (Ln3+ = Eu3+, Gd3+ and Er3+; Hhfac = hexafluoroacetylacetone) and [Al(qNO)3] (HqNO = 8-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide), here prepared for the first time from [Al(OtBu)3] and HqNO, affords the dinuclear heterometallic compounds [Ln(hfac)3Al(qNO)3] (Ln3+ = Eu3+, Gd3+ and Er3+) in high yields. The molecular structures of these new compounds revealed a dinuclear species with three phenolic oxygen atoms bridging the two metal atoms. While the europium and gadolinium complexes show the coordination number (CN) 9 for the lanthanide centre, in the complex featuring the smaller erbium ion, only two oxygens bridge the two metal atoms for a resulting CN of 8. The reaction of [Eu(hfac)3] with [Alq3] (Hq = 8-hydroxyquinoline) in the same conditions yields a heterometallic product of composition [Eu(hfac)3Alq3]. A recrystallization attempt from hot heptane in air produced single crystals of two different morphologies and compositions: [Eu2(hfac)6Al2q4(OH)2] and [Eu2(hfac)6(µ-Hq)2]. The latter compound can be directly prepared from [Eu(hfac)3] and Hq at room temperature. Quantum mechanical calculations confirm (i) the higher stability of [Eu(hfac)3Al(qNO)3] vs. the corresponding [Eu(hfac)3Alq3] and (ii) the preference of the Er complexes for the CN 8, justifying the different behaviour in terms of the Lewis acidity of the metal centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gallo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Luca Bellucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
- ICMATE-CNR and INSTM, Presso Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Carlotto
- ICMATE-CNR and INSTM, Presso Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and INSTM, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gregorio Bottaro
- ICMATE-CNR and INSTM, Presso Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.)
| | - Luca Babetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and INSTM, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Giordano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Simona Samaritani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Lidia Armelao
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and INSTM, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Tecnologie dei Materiali (DSCTM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Piazzale A. Moro 7, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Labella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale and CIRCC, Università di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy (L.G.)
- ICMATE-CNR and INSTM, Presso Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.)
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Liu J, Li HL, Ma DG, Gong YY, Jiang MH, Li SG, Jin B. Efficient deep-blue electroluminescent devices based on a novel β-diketone zinc complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Khan MB, Salah N, Khan ZH. Functional enhancement in Alq3 via metal doping and nanoscale synthesis: a review. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lebedev A, Suslova E, Runina K, Khomyakov A, Zykova M, Petrova O, Avetisov R, Shepel D, Astafiev A, Menshutina N, Avetissov I. New efficient lighting device. Part 1. hybrid materials based on inorganic aerogel and metal-organic phosphor. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Thomas R, Thomas SP, Lakhotiya H, Mamakhel AH, Bondesgaard M, Birkedal V, Iversen BB. Tuning of bandgaps and emission properties of light-emitting diode materials through homogeneous alloying in molecular crystals. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12391-12399. [PMID: 34603669 PMCID: PMC8480314 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alloy formation is ubiquitous in inorganic materials science, and it strongly depends on the similarity between the alloyed atoms. Since molecules have widely different shapes, sizes and bonding properties, it is highly challenging to make alloyed molecular crystals. Here we report the generation of homogenous molecular alloys of organic light emitting diode materials that leads to tuning in their bandgaps and fluorescence emission. Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium (Alq3) and its Ga, In and Cr analogues (Gaq3, Inq3, and Crq3) form homogeneous mixed crystal phases thereby resulting in binary, ternary and even quaternary molecular alloys. The MxM′(1−x)q3 alloy crystals are investigated using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy on single crystal samples, and photoluminescence properties are measured on the exact same single crystal specimens. The different series of alloys exhibit distinct trends in their optical bandgaps compared with their parent crystals. In the AlxGa(1−x)q3 alloys the emission wavelengths lie in between those of the parent crystals, while the AlxIn(1−x)q3 and GaxIn(1−x)q3 alloys have red shifts. Intriguingly, efficient fluorescence quenching is observed for the MxCr(1−x)q3 alloys (M = Al, Ga) revealing the effect of paramagnetic molecular doping, and corroborating the molecular scale phase homogeneity. Multicomponent molecular alloy crystals exhibit intriguing effects of tuning and quenching in their photoluminescence, suggesting ‘alloy-crystal engineering’ as a useful design strategy for molecular functional materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmi Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Sajesh P Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Harish Lakhotiya
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Aref H Mamakhel
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Martin Bondesgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Victoria Birkedal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNano) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Bo B Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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Yellow Emissive Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) Aluminum by the Incorporation of ZnO Quantum Dots for OLED Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12101173. [PMID: 34683224 PMCID: PMC8538630 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum complexes are of significant interest because of their remarkable optical and electrical properties, both as an emissive layer and electron injection layer. They emit light in the blue and green ranges of the visible spectrum, so for white organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), yellow emission is required as well. In this study, we propose the use of zinc oxide quantum dots to tune the emission color of the complex while maintaining its luminous efficiency. Hence, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum-zinc oxide nanohybrids with different zinc oxide quantum dots concentrations (10, 20, or 30 wt.%) were synthesized. The structural properties were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction analysis, while the composition and optical characteristics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence emission spectroscopy. The results show that increased levels of zinc oxide quantum dots lead to a decrease in crystallinity, double hump emission and a slight red shift in emission peaks. Also, at 20 and 30 wt.% of zinc oxide quantum dots concentrations, yellow emission was observed.
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Cross C, Cervini L, Halcovitch NR, Griffin JM. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance study of polymorphism in tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate)aluminium. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1024-1037. [PMID: 33729603 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate)aluminium (Alq3 ) is a metal-organic coordination complex, which is a widely used electroluminescent material in organic light-emitting diode technology. Crystalline Alq3 is known to occur in five polymorphic forms (denoted α, β, γ, δ, and ε), although the structures of some of these polymorphs have been the subject of considerable debate. In particular, the structure of α-Alq3 , which is a model for the local structure in amorphous films used in devices, is highly complex and has never been conclusively solved. In this work, we use solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the local structure of four Alq3 samples. We find that the first structure proposed for α-Alq3 is inconsistent with all of the samples studied, and DFT calculations further suggest that this structure is energetically unfavourable. Instead, samples containing the meridional (mer) isomeric form are found to contain local structures consistent with ε-Alq3 , and a sample containing the facial (fac) isomeric form is consistent with a mixture of γ-Alq3 and δ-Alq3 . We also investigate the influence of different strategies for dispersion correction in DFT geometry optimisations. We find that a recently proposed modified semiempirical dispersion correction scheme gives good agreement with experiment. Furthermore, the DFT calculations also show that distinction between mer and fac isomers on the basis of ηQ that has been assumed in previous work is not always justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Cross
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Luca Cervini
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - John M Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Alexander OT, Duvenhage MM, Kroon RE, Brink A, Visser HG. Comparison of a dimeric and a monomeric indium-quinolinato complex: synthesis, structure and photoluminescence. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03865b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two indium(iii) complexes, mer-[In(Ox)3]·2H2O (1) and [In2(Ox)2Cl2-μ-[κ2-O,O′-(Ox)2]]·C7H8 (2) (Ox = 8-hydroxyquinolinate), were synthesized and characterised for comparison by NMR, X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orbett T. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- Bloemfontein 9300
- South Africa
| | - Mart M. Duvenhage
- Department of Physics
- University of the Free State
- Bloemfontein 9300
- South Africa
| | - Robin E. Kroon
- Department of Physics
- University of the Free State
- Bloemfontein 9300
- South Africa
| | - Alice Brink
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- Bloemfontein 9300
- South Africa
| | - Hendrik G. Visser
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- Bloemfontein 9300
- South Africa
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Seyfi S, Alizadeh R, Ganji MD, Amani V. Polymorphism of Palladium(II) Complexes : Crystal Structure Determination, Luminescence Properties, Hirshfeld Surface Analyses and DFT/TD‐DFT Studies. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Seyfi
- School of ChemistryDamghan University, P.O. Box 36715-364 Damghan Iran
| | - Robabeh. Alizadeh
- School of ChemistryDamghan University, P.O. Box 36715-364 Damghan Iran
| | - Masoud D. Ganji
- Department of NanochemistryFaculty of Pharmaceutical ChemistryPharmaceutical Sciences BranchIslamic Azad University Tehran - Iran (IAUPS
| | - Vahid Amani
- Department of ChemistryFarhangian University Tehran Iran
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Tao XD, Chai WX, Song L, Wei QH, Shi HS, Qin LS. Two luminescent pseudo-polymorphic cuprous complexes with different optical properties: Synthesis, characterization and TD-DFT calculations. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Growth and Brilliant Photo-Emission of Crystalline Hexagonal Column of Alq₃ Microwires. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11040472. [PMID: 29565306 PMCID: PMC5951318 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the growth and nanoscale luminescence characteristics of 8-hydroxyquinolinato aluminum (Alq3) with a crystalline hexagonal column morphology. Pristine Alq3 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using a conventional reprecipitation method. Crystal hexagonal columns of Alq3 were grown by using a surfactant-assisted self-assembly technique as an adjunct to the aforementioned reprecipitation method. The formation and structural properties of the crystalline and non-crystalline Alq3 NPs were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The nanoscale photoluminescence (PL) characteristics and the luminescence color of the Alq3 single NPs and their crystal microwires (MWs) were evaluated from color charge-coupled device images acquired using a high-resolution laser confocal microscope. In comparison with the Alq3 NPs, the crystalline MWs exhibited a very bright and sharp emission. This enhanced and sharp emission from the crystalline Alq3 single MWs originated from effective π-π stacking of the Alq3 molecules due to strong interactions in the crystalline structure.
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Horike S, Misaki M, Koshiba Y, Morimoto M, Ishida K. Unique Morphology and Optical Properties of Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum Crystal Grown by Ionic Liquid-assisted Vacuum Vapor Deposition. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Neumann T, Liu J, Wächter T, Friederich P, Symalla F, Welle A, Mugnaini V, Meded V, Zharnikov M, Wöll C, Wenzel W. Superexchange Charge Transport in Loaded Metal Organic Frameworks. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7085-93. [PMID: 27359160 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past, nanoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been mostly studied for their huge potential with regard to gas storage and separation. More recently, the discovery that the electrical conductivity of a widely studied, highly insulating MOF, HKUST-1, improves dramatically when loaded with guest molecules has triggered a huge interest in the charge carrier transport properties of MOFs. The observed high conductivity, however, is difficult to reconcile with conventional transport mechanisms: neither simple hopping nor band transport models are consistent with the available experimental data. Here, we combine theoretical results and new experimental data to demonstrate that the observed conductivity can be explained by an extended hopping transport model including virtual hops through localized MOF states or molecular superexchange. Predictions of this model agree well with precise conductivity measurements, where experimental artifacts and the influence of defects are largely avoided by using well-defined samples and the Hg-drop junction approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tobias Wächter
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Zharnikov
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Lima CFRAC, Taveira RJS, Costa JCS, Fernandes AM, Melo A, Silva AMS, Santos LMNBF. Understanding M-ligand bonding and mer-/fac-isomerism in tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate) metallic complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:16555-65. [PMID: 27273193 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02608g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate) metallic complexes, Mq3, are one of the most important classes of organic semiconductor materials. Herein, the nature of the chemical bond in Mq3 complexes and its implications on their molecular properties were investigated by a combined experimental and computational approach. Various Mq3 complexes, resulting from the alteration of the metal and substitution of the 8-hydroxyquinoline ligand in different positions, were prepared. The mer-/fac-isomerism in Mq3 was explored by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, evidencing that, irrespective of the substituent, mer- and fac-are the most stable molecular configurations of Al(iii) and In(iii) complexes, respectively. The relative M-ligand bond dissociation energies were evaluated experimentally by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS), showing a non-monotonous variation along the group (Al > In > Ga). The results reveal a strong covalent character in M-ligand bonding, which allows for through-ligand electron delocalization, and explain the preferred molecular structures of Mq3 complexes as resulting from the interplay between bonding and steric factors. The mer-isomer reduces intraligand repulsions, being preferred for smaller metals, while the fac-isomer is favoured for larger metals where stronger covalent M-ligand bonds can be formed due to more extensive through-ligand conjugation mediated by metal "d" orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F R A C Lima
- CIQ, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Critical conditions for atomic resolution imaging of molecular crystals by aberration-corrected HRTEM. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 159 Pt 1:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Chai W, Hong M, Song L, Jia G, Shi H, Guo J, Shu K, Guo B, Zhang Y, You W, Chen X. Three Reversible Polymorphic Copper(I) Complexes Triggered by Ligand Conformation: Insights into Polymorphic Crystal Habit and Luminescent Properties. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4200-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502709b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Chai
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Hong
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Jia
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Shi
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Guo
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangying Shu
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Guo
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China
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Ke F, Wang Q, Zhang J, Guo Y, Tan D, Li Y, Liu C, Han Y, Ma Y, Chen XJ, Chen B, Gao C. Anomalous variation of electrical transport property and amorphization in dense Alq3. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The experimental results indicate that the Al–oxine interaction can also be believed to be significant for the electrical transport properties of dense Alq3.
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Petrova OB, Avetisov RI, Khomyakov AV, Saifutyarov RR, Akkuzina AA, Mozhevitina EN, Zhukov AV, Avetissov IC. Prospective Electroluminescent Hybrid Materials. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga B. Petrova
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Roman I. Avetisov
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Andew V. Khomyakov
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Rasim R. Saifutyarov
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Alina A. Akkuzina
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Elena N. Mozhevitina
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Alexandr V. Zhukov
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
| | - Igor Ch. Avetissov
- D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia, http://www.muctr.edu.ru
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Bhagat SA, Borghate SV, Thejo Kalyani N, Dhoble SJ. Synthesis and characterization of pure and Li +activated Alq 3complexes for green and blue organic light emitting diodes and display devices. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 29:433-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Bhagat
- Kamla Nehru College; Sakkardara Square Nagpur 440012 India
| | - S. V. Borghate
- New English Junior College; Congress Nagar Nagpur 440012 India
| | - N. Thejo Kalyani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physics; Priyadarshini College of Engineering; Nagpur India
| | - S. J. Dhoble
- Associate Professor, Department of Physics; RTM Nagpur University; Nagpur India
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Avetisov RI, Akkuzina AA, Cherednichenko AG, Khomyakov AV, Avetissov IC. Polymorphism of tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum, gallium, and indium. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500814010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Räupke A, Albrecht F, Maibach J, Behrendt A, Polywka A, Heiderhoff R, Helzel J, Rabe T, Johannes HH, Kowalsky W, Mankel E, Mayer T, Görrn P, Riedl T. Conformal and highly luminescent monolayers of Alq3 prepared by gas-phase molecular layer deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:1193-1199. [PMID: 24351143 DOI: 10.1021/am404918g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase molecular layer deposition (MLD) of conformal and highly luminescent monolayers of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq3) is reported. The controlled formation of Alq3 monolayers is achieved for the first time by functionalization of the substrate with amino groups, which serve as initial docking sites for trimethyl aluminum (TMA) molecules binding datively to the amine. Thereby, upon exposure to 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ), the self-limiting formation of highly luminescent Alq3 monolayers is afforded. The growth process and monolayer formation were studied and verified by in situ quartz crystal monitoring, optical emission and absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The nature of the MLD process provides an avenue to coat arbitrarily shaped 3D surfaces and porous structures with high surface areas, as demonstrated in this work for silica aerogels. The concept presented here paves the way to highly sensitive luminescent sensors and dye-sensitized metal oxides for future applications (e.g., in photocatalysis and solar cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- André Räupke
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal , 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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Biswas S, Shalev O, Shtein M. Thin-film growth and patterning techniques for small molecular organic compounds used in optoelectronic device applications. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2013; 4:289-317. [PMID: 23540286 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061312-103356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in research and development in organic electronics have resulted in many exciting discoveries and applications, including organic light-emitting devices for information display and illumination, solar cells, photodetectors, chemosensors, and logic. Organic optoelectronic materials are broadly classified as polymeric or small molecular. For the latter category, solvent-free deposition techniques are generally preferred to form well-defined interfaces and improve device performance. This article reviews several deposition and patterning methods for small molecular thin films and devices, including organic molecular beam deposition, vacuum thermal evaporation, organic vapor phase deposition, and organic vapor jet printing, and compares them to several other methods that have been proposed recently. We hope this review provides a compact but informative summary of the state of the art in organic device processing and addresses the various techniques' governing physical principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaurjo Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Synthesis, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Caq2 (Calcium 8-Hydroxyquinoline) Organic Phosphor. J Fluoresc 2012; 22:1271-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-012-1069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Elliott ABS, Horvath R, Gordon KC. Vibrational spectroscopy as a probe of molecule-based devices. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:1929-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Asada T, Ohta K, Matsushita T, Koseki S. QM/MM investigation of the degradation mechanism of the electron-transporting layer. Theor Chem Acc 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-011-1020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mahmoud ME, Haggag SS, Rafea MA, Abdel-Fattah TM. Nano-sized Co(II)-8-hydroxyquinolate complex thin film via surface layer-by-layer chemical deposition method: Optimized factors and optical properties. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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