Synthesis and structural studies of mono- and dinuclear Cu(II) complexes with an ONO donor Schiff base ligand: Self-assembly and sulfato-bridged

Unraveling Multicopper [Cu3] and [Cu6] Clusters with Rare μ3-Sulfato and Linear μ2-Oxido-Bridges as Potent Antibiofilm Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

In this research article, two multicopper [Cu3] and [Cu6] clusters, [Cu3(cpdp)(μ3-SO4)(Cl)(H2O)2]·3H2O (1) and [Cu6(cpdp)2(μ2-O)(Cl)2(H2O)4]·2Cl (2) (H3cpdp = N,N'-bis[2-carboxybenzomethyl]-N,N'-bis[2-pyridylmethyl]-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol), have been explored as potent antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. Their molecular structures have been determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, and the compositions have been established by thermal and elemental analyses, including electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Structural analysis shows that the metallic core of 1 is composed of a trinuclear [Cu3] assembly encapsulating a μ3-SO42- group, whereas the structure of 2 represents a hexanuclear [Cu6] assembly in which two trinuclear [Cu3] motifs are exclusively bridged by a linear μ2-O2- group. The most striking feature of the structure of 2 is the occurrence of an unusual linear oxido-bridge, with the Cu3-O6-Cu3' bridging angle being 180.00°. Whereas 1 can be viewed as an example of a copper(II)-based compound displaying a rare μ3:η1:η1:η1 bridging mode of the SO42- group, 2 is the first example of any copper(II)-based compound showing an unsupported linear Cu-O-Cu oxido-bridge. Employing variable-temperature SQUID magnetometry, the magnetic susceptibility data were measured and analyzed exemplarily for 1 in the temperature range of 2-300 K, revealing the occurrence of antiferromagnetic interactions among the paramagnetic copper centers. Both 1 and 2 exhibited potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA BAA1717) and the clinically isolated culture of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA CI1). The mechanism of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of these multicopper clusters was investigated by analyzing and determining the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, microscopic observation of cell membrane disruption, membrane potential, and leakage of cellular components. Additionally, 1 and 2 showed a synergistic effect with commercially available antibiotics such as vancomycin with enhanced antibacterial activity. However, 1 possesses higher antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence actions, making it a potent therapeutic agent against both MRSA BAA1717 and MRSA CI1 strains.

X-ray characterization and magnetic properties of dioxygen-bridged Cu(II) and Mn(III) Schiff base complexes

The coordination chemistry of multinuclear metal compounds is important because of their relevance to the multi-metal active sites of various metalloproteins and metalloenzymes. Multinuclear Cu(II) and Mn(III) compounds are of interest due to their various properties in the fields of coordination chemistry, inorganic biochemistry, catalysis, and optical and magnetic materials. Oxygen-bridged binuclear Mn(III) complexes generally exhibit antiferromagnetic interactions and a few examples of ferromagnetic interactions have also been reported. Binuclear Cu(II) complexes are important due to the fact that they provide examples of the simplest case of magnetic interaction involving only two unpaired electrons. Two novel dioxygen-bridged copper(II) and manganese(III) Schiff base complexes, namely bis(μ-4-bromo-2-{[(3-oxidopropyl)imino]methyl}phenolato)dicopper(II), [Cu2(C10H10BrNO2)2], (1), and bis(diaqua{4,4'-dichloro-2,2'-[(1,1-dimethylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(nitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato}manganese(III)) bis{μ-4,4'-dichloro-2,2'-[(1,1-dimethylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(nitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato}bis[aquamanganese(III)] tetrakis(perchlorate) ethanol disolvate, [Mn(C18H16Cl2N2O2)(H2O)2]2[Mn2(C18H16Cl2N2O2)2(H2O)2](ClO4)4·2C2H5OH, (2), have been synthesized and single-crystal X-ray diffraction has been used to analyze their crystal structures. The structure analyses of (1) and (2) show that each Cu(II) atom is four-coordinated, with long weak Cu...O interactions of 2.8631 (13) Å linking the dinuclear halves of the centrosymmetric tetranucelar molecules, while each Mn(III) atom is six-coordinated. The shortest intra- and intermolecular nonbonding Mn...Mn separations are 3.3277 (16) and 5.1763 (19) Å for (2), while the Cu...Cu separations are 3.0237 (3) and 3.4846 (3) Å for (1). The magnetic susceptibilities of (1) and (2) in the solid state were measured in the temperature range 2-300 K and reveal the presence of antiferromagnetic spin-exchange interactions between the transition metal ions.

Efficient preparation of multimetallic ONO-based Schiff base complexes of nickel(ii) and copper(ii)

Spectroscopy, structures, electrochemical behavior and magnetic properties of a series of readily prepared [(R-ONO)M(μ-4,4′-bipy)M(R-ONO)] complexes (R = anisyl or ferrocenyl; M = Ni, Cu) have been explored.