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Oroujzadeh N, Hadizadeh M, Baradaran Z, Rezaei Jamalabadi S. Investigating the effect of ligand structure on the anticancer properties of several new Co(II) complexes of vitaminB3-based phosphoramides. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107634. [PMID: 39018801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide, known as Vitamin-B3, has shown promising potential in improving various medical conditions. Carbacylamidophosphates (CAPh) are versatile phosphoramide ligands with a wide range of applications in both biochemistry and chemistry. Herein, to obtain compounds with enhanced anticancer activity and study the effect of the structure on this activity, four new Co(II) complexes of vitaminB3-based CAPh ligands with the formula of CoCl2[3-NC5H4CONHPO(NC5H10)2]2(C1), CoCl2[3-NC5H4CONHPO(NC5H9CH3)2]2(C2), CoCl2[3-NC5H4CONHPO(NC6H12)2]2(C3), and CoCl2[3-NC5H4CONHPO(NC4H10)2]2(C4) were designed and synthesized. FT-IR, UV-Vis, Atomic Absorption (AAS),1H, 13C, and 31PNMR, and Mass spectroscopies beside CHN and Molar conductivity methods were utilized to characterize the synthesized compounds. Using MTT-assay and Flow Cytometry, the anticancer effects of these complexes were studied on three distinct cell lines, including one normal cell line (MCF10A) and two cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7). Results showed that our ligands could form complexes by coordinating with cobalt, which, not only have a very strong killing effect on cancer cells but also have a higher level of safety for normal cells and are more cost-efficient than Cisplatin. C3 was the most effective complex at inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells which exhibited a remarkable 97.5 % reduction in cancer cell growth and a Selectivity Index up to > 37. This is an impressive 93 and 54 times more selective and safer than commonly used drugs like Cisplatin and Doxorubicin, respectively.Flow Cytometry analysis shows complex-induced breast cancer cell apoptosis.The ligands' amine structure and ring size can directly impact the complexes' anticancer effect and safety for normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Oroujzadeh
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Hadizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Baradaran
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Rezaei Jamalabadi
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
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2
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Podolski-Renić A, Čipak Gašparović A, Valente A, López Ó, Bormio Nunes JH, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Filipović NR. Schiff bases and their metal complexes to target and overcome (multidrug) resistance in cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116363. [PMID: 38593587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. In this respect, Schiff base-related compounds (bearing a R1R2CNR3 bond) gained high interest during the past decades. Schiff bases are considered privileged ligands for various reasons, including the easiness of their preparation and the possibility to form complexes with almost all transition metal ions. Schiff bases and their metal complexes exhibit many types of biological activities and are used for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. Until now, 13 Schiff bases have been investigated in clinical trials for cancer treatment and hypoxia imaging. This review represents the first collection of Schiff bases and their complexes which demonstrated MDR-reversal activity. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Modulation of ABC transporter function, 2) Targeting lysosomal ABCB1 overexpression, 3) Circumvention of ABC transporter-mediated drug efflux by alternative routes of drug uptake, 4) Selective activity against MDR cancer models (collateral sensitivity), 5) Targeting GSH-detoxifying systems, 6) Overcoming apoptosis resistance by inducing necrosis and paraptosis, 7) Reactivation of mutated p53, 8) Restoration of sensitivity to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy, and 9) Overcoming drug resistance through modulation of the immune system. Through this approach, we would like to draw attention to Schiff bases and their metal complexes representing highly interesting anticancer drug candidates with the ability to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia H Bormio Nunes
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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3
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Belay Y, Muller A, Mokoena FS, Adeyinka AS, Motadi LR, Oyebamiji AK. 1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids as potential anticancer agents: DFT, molecular docking and ADME studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6951. [PMID: 38521876 PMCID: PMC10960833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole and chiral Schiff base hybrids 2-6 were synthesized by Schiff base condensation reaction from pre-prepared parent component of the hybrids (1,2,3-triazole 1) and series of primary chiral amines and their chemical structure were confirmed using NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and CHN elemental analysis. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for their anticancer activity against two cancer PC3 (prostate) and A375 (skin) and MRC-5 (healthy) cell lines by Almar Blue assay method. The compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds 3 and 6 showed very good activity for the inhibition of the cancer cell lines and low toxicity for the healthy cell lines. All the compounds exhibited high binding affinity for Androgen receptor modulators (PDB ID: 5t8e) and Human MIA (PDB ID: 1i1j) inhibitors compared to the reference anticancer drug (cisplatin). Structure activity relationships (SARs) of the tested compounds is in good agreement with DFT and molecular docking studies. The compounds exhibited desirable physicochemical properties for drug likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Belay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| | - Alfred Muller
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Fanikie S Mokoena
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Adedapo S Adeyinka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Lesetja R Motadi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Abel K Oyebamiji
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Bowen University, PMB 284, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
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4
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Deka B, Sarkar T, Bhattacharyya A, Butcher RJ, Banerjee S, Deka S, Saikia KK, Hussain A. Synthesis, characterization, and cancer cell-selective cytotoxicity of mixed-ligand cobalt(III) complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolines and phenanthroline bases. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4952-4961. [PMID: 38275106 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes exhibiting selective toxicity towards a broad range of cancer types are highly desirable as potential anticancer agents. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity studies of six new mixed-ligand cobalt(III) complexes of general formula [Co(B)2(L)](ClO4)2 (1-6), where B is a N,N-donor phenanthroline base, namely, 1,10-phenanthroline (phen in 1, 2), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq in 3, 4), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz in 5, 6), and L is the monoanion of 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ in 1, 3, 5) and 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (CQ in 2, 4, 6). The X-ray single crystal structures of complexes 1 and 2 as PF6- salts revealed a distorted octahedral CoN5O coordination environment. Complexes demonstrated good stability in an aqueous buffer medium and in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reductant. Cytotoxicity studies using a panel of nine cancer cell lines showed that complex 6, with the dppz and CQ ligands, was significantly toxic against most cancer cell types, yielding IC50 values in the range of 2 to 14 μM. Complexes 1, 3, and 5, containing the HQ ligand, displayed lower toxicity compared to their CQ counterparts. The phenanthroline complexes demonstrated marginal toxicity towards the tested cell lines, while the dpq complexes exhibited moderate toxicity. Interestingly, all complexes demonstrated negligible toxicity towards normal HEK-293 kidney cells (IC50 > 100 μM). The observed cytotoxicity of the complexes correlated well with their lipophilicities (dppz > dpq > phen). The cytotoxicity of complex 6 was comparable to that of the clinical drug cisplatin under similar conditions. Notably, neither the HQ nor the CQ ligands alone demonstrated noticeable toxicity against any of the tested cell lines. The Annexin-V-FITC and DCFDA assays revealed that the cell death mechanism induced by the complexes involved apoptosis, which could be attributed to the metal-assisted generation of reactive oxygen species. Overall, the dppz complex 6, with its remarkable cytotoxicity against a broad range of cancer cells and negligible toxicity toward normal cells, holds significant potential for cancer chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banashree Deka
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
| | - Tukki Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
| | - Arnab Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ray J Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street, NW 20059, USA.
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
| | - Sasanka Deka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110024, India.
| | - Kandarpa K Saikia
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, GUIST, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India.
| | - Akhtar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
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Kushwaha R, Singh V, Peters S, Yadav AK, Dolui D, Saha S, Sarkar S, Dutta A, Koch B, Sadhukhan T, Banerjee S. Density Functional Theory-Guided Photo-Triggered Anticancer Activity of Curcumin-Based Zinc(II) Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10266-10278. [PMID: 37988143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has evolved as a new therapeutic modality for cancer treatment with fewer side effects and drug resistance. Curcumin exhibits PDT activity, but its low bioavailability restricts its clinical application. Here, the bioavailability of curcumin was increased by its complex formation with the Zn(II) center. For a structure-activity relationship study, Zn(II)-based complexes (1-3) comprising N^N-based ligands (2,2'-bipyridine in 1 and 2 or 1,10-phenanthroline in 3) and O^O-based ligands (acetylacetone in 1, monoanionic curcumin in 2 and 3) were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. The X-ray structure of the control complex, 1, indicated a square pyramidal shape of the molecules. Photophysical and TD-DFT studies indicated the potential of 2 and 3 as good visible light type-II photosensitizers for PDT. Guided by the TD-DFT studies, the low-energy visible light-triggered singlet oxygen (1O2) generation efficacy of 2 and 3 was explored in solution and in cancer cells. As predicted by the TD-DFT calculations, these complexes produced 1O2 efficiently in the cytosol of MCF-7 cancer cells and ultimately displayed excellent apoptotic anticancer activity in the presence of light. Moreover, the molecular docking investigation showed that complexes 2 and 3 have very good binding affinities with caspase-9 and p-53 proteins and could activate them for cellular apoptosis. Further molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of 3 in the caspase-9 protein binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Virendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Silda Peters
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Ashish K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Dependu Dolui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Sukanta Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Sujit Sarkar
- Prescience Insilico Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560066, India
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Biplob Koch
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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6
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Jevtovic V, Alhar MSO, Milenković D, Marković Z, Dimitrić Marković J, Dimić D. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Protein/DNA Binding Properties of Pyridoxylidene-Aminoguanidine-Metal (Fe, Co, Zn, Cu) Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14745. [PMID: 37834192 PMCID: PMC10573062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxylidene-aminoguanidine (PLAG) and its transition metal complexes are biologically active compounds with interesting properties. In this contribution, three new metal-PLAG complexes, Zn(PLAG)(SO4)(H2O)].∙H2O (Zn-PLAG), [Co(PLAG)2]SO4∙2H2O (Co-PLAG), and [Fe(PLAG)2]SO4∙2H2O) (Fe-PLAG), were synthetized and characterized by the X-ray crystallography. The intermolecular interactions governing the stability of crystal structure were compared to those of Cu(PLAG)(NCS)2 (Cu-PLAG) within Hirshfeld surface analysis. The structures were optimized at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)(H,C,N,O,S)/LanL2DZ (Fe,Co,Zn,Cu), and stability was assessed through Natural Bond Orbital Theory and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules. Special emphasis was put on investigating the ligand's stability and reactivity. The binding of these compounds to Bovine and Human serum albumin was investigated by spectrofluorometric titration. The importance of complex geometry and various ligands for protein binding was shown. These results were complemented by the molecular docking study to elucidate the most important interactions. The thermodynamic parameters of the binding process were determined. The binding to DNA, as one of the main pathways in the cell death cycle, was analyzed by molecular docking. The cytotoxicity was determined towards HCT116, A375, MCF-7, and A2780 cell lines. The most active compound was Cu-PLAG due to the presence of PLAG and two thiocyanate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Jevtovic
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dejan Milenković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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7
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Medvedíková M, Ranc V, Vančo J, Trávníček Z, Anzenbacher P. Highly Cytotoxic Copper(II) Mixed-Ligand Quinolinonato Complexes: Pharmacokinetic Properties and Interactions with Drug Metabolizing Cytochromes P450. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041314. [PMID: 37111801 PMCID: PMC10146558 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of two anticancer active copper(II) mixed-ligand complexes of the type [Cu(qui)(mphen)]Y·H2O, where Hqui = 2-phenyl-3-hydroxy- 1H-quinolin-4-one, mphen = bathophenanthroline, and Y = NO3 (complex 1) or BF4 (complex 2) on the activities of different isoenzymes of cytochrome P450 (CYP) have been evaluated. The screening revealed significant inhibitory effects of the complexes on CYP3A4/5 (IC50 values were 2.46 and 4.88 μM), CYP2C9 (IC50 values were 16.34 and 37.25 μM), and CYP2C19 (IC50 values were 61.21 and 77.07 μM). Further, the analysis of mechanisms of action uncovered a non-competitive type of inhibition for both the studied compounds. Consequent studies of pharmacokinetic properties proved good stability of both the complexes in phosphate buffer saline (>96% stability) and human plasma (>91% stability) after 2 h of incubation. Both compounds are moderately metabolised by human liver microsomes (<30% after 1 h of incubation), and over 90% of the complexes bind to plasma proteins. The obtained results showed the potential of complexes 1 and 2 to interact with major metabolic pathways of drugs and, as a consequence of this finding, their apparent incompatibility in combination therapy with most chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Medvedíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Ranc
- Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Vančo
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM), Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM), Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Siedzielnik M, Pawłowska M, Daśko M, Kleinschmidt H, Dołęga A. Reactions of cobalt(ii) chloride and cobalt(ii) acetate with hemisalen-type ligands: ligand transformation, oxidation of cobalt and complex formation. Preliminary study on the cytotoxicity of Co(ii) and Co(iii) hemisalen complexes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8830-8843. [PMID: 36936819 PMCID: PMC10018370 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07089h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several molecular cobalt(ii) complexes, one Co(ii) coordination polymer and one ionic cobalt(iii) complex with imine hemisalen ligands were synthesized. The hemisalen ligands were synthesized from o-vanillin (oVP) and diverse aminopyridines (compounds HL1-HL4) or aminophenol (compound HL5). It was observed that cobalt(ii) chloride in dry acetonitrile catalyzes a transformation of HL1 and HL3 instead of complex formation. The conversion of these imines proceeded via self-cyclization to N-2''-pyridyl-2,6-dioxo-9-aza-[c,g]di-2'-methoxybenzo nonan or its methyl derivative as the major product. The remaining reactions were performed using imines HL1-HL5 and cobalt(ii) acetate Co(Ac)2 in methanol or DMSO/acetonitrile resulting in forming a series of cobalt complexes. The following series of compounds was obtained: two similar tetrahedral molecular Co(ii) complexes [Co(L1)2] and [Co(L3)2], one trinuclear, mixed-ligand Co3(Ac)2(L4)2(oVP)2, one coordination polymer {Co(L2)2}∞ and finally one octahedral anionic Co(iii) complex [HNEt3][Co(L5)3]. The latter complex formed in a cobalt(ii) acetate reaction with a hemisalen HL5 derived from oVP and 2-aminophenol. The molecular structures of all compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and the cytotoxicity of Co(ii) and Co(iii) complexes towards cancer cell lines HCT116, HL-60 and normal cell line MRC-5 was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Siedzielnik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Monika Pawłowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Mateusz Daśko
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Hubert Kleinschmidt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
| | - Anna Dołęga
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland
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9
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Ma BN, Baecker D, Descher H, Brandstaetter P, Hermann M, Kircher B, Gust R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of salophen nickel(II) and cobalt(III) complexes as potential anticancer compounds. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200655. [PMID: 36734178 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent in vitro investigations of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (SAP) iron(III) complexes substituted with alkyl (ethyl, propyl, butyl) carboxylates at position 4 in tumor and leukemia cells revealed strong cytotoxic activity. In continuation of this study, analogous nickel(II) and cobalt(III) complexes were synthesized and tested in HL-60 leukemia, and cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines. The biological activity depended on the extent of cellular uptake and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inactive [(Ni(II)SAP] complexes (1-3) only marginally accumulated in tumor cells and did not induce ROS. The cellular uptake of [Co(III)SAP]Cl complexes (4-6) into the cells depended on the length of the ester alkyl chain (ethyl, 4 < propyl, 5 < butyl, 6). The cytotoxicity correlated with the presence of ROS. The low cytotoxic complex 4 induced only few ROS, while 5 and 6 caused a good to outstanding antiproliferative activity, exerted high ROS generation, and induced cell death after 48 h. Necrostatin-1 prevented the biological effects, proving necroptosis as part of the mode of action. Interestingly, the effects of 5 and 6 were not reversed by Ferrostatin-1, but even enhanced upon simultaneous application to the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Baecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Descher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Brandstaetter
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria.,Immunobiology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kircher
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria.,Immunobiology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronald Gust
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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10
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Budagumpi S, Keri RS, Nagaraju D, Yhobu Z, Monica V, Geetha B, Kadu RD, Neole N. Progress in the catalytic applications of cobalt N–heterocyclic carbene complexes: Emphasis on their synthesis, structure and mechanism. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Jos S, Suja N. Chiral Schiff base ligands of salicylaldehyde: A versatile tool for medical applications and organic synthesis-A review. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Krishnan D, Sheela A. A Review on DNA/BSA binding and Cytotoxic properties of Multinuclear Schiff’s base Complexes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Sinicropi MS, Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Catalano A, Mariconda A, Rosano C, Saturnino C, El-Kashef H, Longo P. Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies on Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314840. [PMID: 36499170 PMCID: PMC9739361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes play a crucial role in pharmaceutical sciences owing to their wide and significant activities. Schiff bases (SBs) are multifaceted pharmacophores capable of forming chelating complexes with various metals in different oxidation states. Complexes with SBs are extensively studied for their numerous advantages, including low cost and simple synthetic strategies. They have been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antimalarial, analgesic, antiviral, antipyretic, and antidiabetic ones. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of SBs-metal complexes. Moreover, recent studies regarding mononuclear and binuclear complexes with SBs are described, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antileishmanial, anti-Alzheimer, and catecholase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0805442746
| | | | - Camillo Rosano
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Hussein El-Kashef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Diz M, Durán-Carril ML, Castro J, Alvo S, Bada L, Viña D, García-Vázquez JA. Antitumor activity of copper(II) complexes with Schiff bases derived from N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111975. [PMID: 36055108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of anodic metal copper in a solution of the ligands N-[(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidine]-N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine [H2L1] and N-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidine]-N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine, [H2L2] afforded homoleptic [CuL] compounds or solvate [CuLS] complexes. The addition to the electrochemical cell of coligands (L') such as 2,2'-bipyridine (2-bpy), 4,4'-bipyridine(4-bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) allowed the synthesis, in one step, of heteroleptic [CuLL'] compounds, namely [CuL1(H2O)] (1), [CuL1(2,2'-bpy)]⋅CH3CN (2), [CuL1(phen)]·H2O (3), [Cu2L12(4,4'-bpy)] (4), [CuL2(CH3OH)] (5), [CuL2(2,2'-bpy)] (6), [CuL2(phen)] (7) and [Cu2L22(4,4'-bpy)] (8). The crystal structures of both ligands, H2L1, H2L2, and those of the complexes (2), (4), (5), (6) and (7) have been determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. Coordination polyhedron around metal atom is square planar for [CuL2(CH3OH)] (5) and [Cu2L12(4,4'-bpy)] (4) and square pyramid for the other complexes with additional chelating ligands. The cytotoxic activity of this new series of copper(II) complexes against the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and U87-MG and U373-MG glioblastoma cell lines has been investigated. Most of the test compounds showed higher activity than cisplatin in the three cell lines. Among this series, compound [CuL1(phen)] (3) displayed the highest activity with IC50 equal to 1.77 μM on SH-SY5Y whereas compound [Cu2L12(4.4'-bpy)] (4) resulted the most potent compounds on U87 MG and U373 MG glioblastoma cell lines. Studies on the cytotoxic activity of these derivatives suggest that these compounds induce cell death by a mechanism other than apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Diz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María L Durán-Carril
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Castro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentais, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo (Galicia), Spain.
| | - Samuel Alvo
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Bada
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José A García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Dasgupta S, Kar K, Barua A, Ghosh D, Kabi B, Dewan K, Chandra A. A significantly non-toxic novel Cobalt(III) Schiff base complex induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Life Sci 2022; 308:120963. [PMID: 36113731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metal complexes have ignited considerable interest in the field of chemotherapy after the serendipitous discovery of cisplatin but the severe toxicity of these platinum-based drugs compelled researchers to search for newer, more effective lesser toxic anticancer drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Structural analysis is done by different physicochemical techniques including X-ray single crystallography. Toxicity study has been done in normal Swiss albino mice. MTT assay assessed cell viability. Apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cell proliferation were assessed by FACS using Annexin V-PI, PI, and CFSE staining respectively. Western blot quantifies protein expression. While cell migration was studied by wound healing assay. KEY FINDINGS One-pot synthesis of a novel mononuclear cobalt(III)-Schiff base complex (1) (>99 % purity) and its complete characterization have been done. Cell viability assay showed that 1 (IC50 = 16.81 ± 1.33 μM) exhibits cytotoxicity at much lower concentration in comparison to oxaliplatin (IC50 = 31.4 ± 0.69 μM) against MCF-7 cells for 24 h of therapy without being overly toxic to human PBMCs (IC50 ≥ 60 μM). Additional in vitro studies demonstrated that 1 induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest and reduces cell proliferation as well as cell migration in MCF-7 cells. In vivo subacute toxicity (28 days) and systemic chronic toxicity (40 days) studies were carried out in normal Swiss albino mice showed 1 is significantly nontoxic to the host. SIGNIFICANCE The readily synthesizable, significantly nontoxic cobalt complex with appreciable anticancer activity implies that it might be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for new-age anti-tumor medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Dasgupta
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Kanisha Kar
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Atish Barua
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
| | - Diya Ghosh
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Bikash Kabi
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Koushik Dewan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, 108 CR Avenue, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Arpita Chandra
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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Abate C, Carnamucio F, Giuffrè O, Foti C. Metal-Based Compounds in Antiviral Therapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:933. [PMID: 35883489 PMCID: PMC9312833 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the study of metal complexes and metal-based nanomaterials has aroused particular interest, leading to the promotion of new effective systems for the abatement of various viral diseases. Starting from the analysis of chemical properties, this review focuses on the employment of metal-based nanoparticles as antiviral drugs and how this interaction leads to a substantial enhancement in antiviral activity. The use of metal-based antiviral drugs has also spread for the formulation of antiviral vaccines, thanks especially to the remarkable adjuvant activities of some of the metal complexes. In particular, the small size and inert nature of Au- and Ag-based nanoparticles have been exploited for the design of systems for antiviral drug delivery, leading to the development of specific and safe therapies that lead to a decrease in side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ottavia Giuffrè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.A.); (F.C.); (C.F.)
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