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Rheology and Tack Properties of Biodegradable Isodimorphic Poly(Butylene Succinate)-Ran-Poly(e-Caprolactone) Random Copolyesters and Their Potential Use as Adhesives. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030623. [PMID: 35160612 PMCID: PMC8839382 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sole effect of the microstructure of biodegradable isodimorphic poly(butylene succinate)-ran-poly(ε-caprolactone) random copolyesters on their rheological properties is investigated. To avoid the effect of molecular weight and temperature, two rheological procedures are considered: the activation energy of flow, Ea, and the phase angle versus complex modulus plots. An unexpected variation of both parameters with copolyester composition is observed, with respective maximum and minimum values for the 50/50 composition. This might be due to the peculiar chain configurations of the copolymers that vary as a function of comonomer distribution within the chains. The same chain configuration variations are responsible for the isodimorphic character of the copolymers in the crystalline state. Tack tests, performed to study the viability of the copolyesters as environmentally friendly hot melt adhesives (HMA), reveal a correlation with rheological results. Tackiness parameters, particularly the energy of adhesion obtained from stress-strain curves during debonding experiments, are enhanced as melt elasticity increases. Based on the carried-out analysis, the link microstructure-rheology-tackiness is established, allowing selecting the best performing HMA sample considering the polymer chemistry of the system.
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Scamporrino AA, Puglisi C, Spina A, Montaudo M, Zampino DC, Cicala G, Ognibene G, Mauro CD, Dattilo S, Mirabella EF, Recca G, Samperi F. Synthesis and Characterization of Copoly(Ether Sulfone)s with Different Percentages of Diphenolic Acid Units. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1817. [PMID: 32823561 PMCID: PMC7465425 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New functionalized Poly(ether sulfone)s having different molar ratio (10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 100 mol%) of 4,4-bis phenoxy pentanoic acid unit (diphenolic acid; DPA) units were synthesized and characterized by (1H and 13C)-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, FT-IR, DSC and DMA analyses. The microstructural analysis of the copolymers, obtained by 13C-NMR using an appropriate statistical model, shows a random distribution of copolymer sequences, as expected. The presence of different amount of DPA units along the polymer chains affects the chemical and physical properties of the copolymers. The Tg and the contact angle values decrease as the molar fraction of DPA units increases, whereas the hydrophilicity increases. NMR and MALDI-TOF MS analyses show that all polymer chains are almost terminated with hydroxyl and chlorine as end groups. The presence of cyclic oligomers was also observed by MALDI-TOF MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A. Scamporrino
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Concetto Puglisi
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Angela Spina
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Maurizio Montaudo
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Daniela C. Zampino
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Gianluca Cicala
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Giulia Ognibene
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Chiara Di Mauro
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Sandro Dattilo
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Emanuele F. Mirabella
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Recca
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Filippo Samperi
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-SS Catania CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (A.S.); (M.M.); (D.C.Z.); (S.D.); (E.F.M.); (G.R.); (F.S.)
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Dattilo S, Puglisi C, Mirabella EF, Spina A, Scamporrino AA, Zampino DC, Blanco I, Cicala G, Ognibene G, Di Mauro C, Samperi F. Thermal Degradation Processes of Aromatic Poly(Ether Sulfone) Random Copolymers Bearing Pendant Carboxyl Groups. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081810. [PMID: 32806661 PMCID: PMC7464578 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal degradation processes of poly(ether sulfone) random copolymers having different molar amount of diphenolic acid (DPA) units were studied by direct-pyrolysis/mass spectrometry, stepwise pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and thermogravimetric techniques. Results highlighted that thermal degradation processes occur in the temperature range from 370 to 650 °C, yielding a char residue of 32–35 wt%, which decreases as the mol% of DPA units rises. The pyrolysis/mass spectra data allowed us to identify the thermal decomposition products and to deduce the possible thermal degradation mechanisms. Thermal degradation data suggest that the decarboxylation process of the pendant acid moiety mainly occurs in the initial step of the pyrolysis of the copolymers studied. Successively, the scission of the generated isobutyl groups occurs in the temperature range between 420 and 480 °C. Known processes involving the main chain random scission of the diphenyl sulfone and diphenyl ether groups were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Dattilo
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Concetto Puglisi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Emanuele Francesco Mirabella
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Angela Spina
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Andrea Antonino Scamporrino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Daniela Clotilde Zampino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (I.B.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Gianluca Cicala
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (I.B.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Giulia Ognibene
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (I.B.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Chiara Di Mauro
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (I.B.); (G.O.); (C.D.M.)
| | - Filippo Samperi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, Via Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.P.); (E.F.M.); (A.S.); (D.C.Z.); (G.C.); (F.S.)
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Blanco I. The Rediscovery of POSS: A Molecule Rather than a Filler. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E904. [PMID: 30960829 PMCID: PMC6403991 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) for making polymer composites has grown exponentially since the last few years of the 20th century. In comparison with the other most commonly used fillers, POSSs possess the advantage of being molecules. Thus, this allows us to combine their nano-sized cage structures, which have dimensions that are similar to those of most polymer segments and produce a particular and exclusive chemical composition. These characteristics linked with their hybrid (inorganic⁻organic) nature allow researchers to modify POSS according to particular needs or original ideas, before incorporating them into polymers. In this present study, we first start with a brief introduction about the reasons for the rediscovery of these nanoparticles over the last 25 years. Starting from the form of POSS that is most widely used in literature (octaisobutyl POSS), this present study aims to evaluate how the reduction of symmetry through the introduction of organic groups favors their dispersion in polystyrene matrix without compromising their solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania and UdR-Catania Consorzio INSTM, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Blanco I. Lifetime Prediction of Polymers: To Bet, or Not to Bet-Is This the Question? MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11081383. [PMID: 30096825 PMCID: PMC6119852 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are a great and very important category of organic compounds that have changed our lifestyle. In the last eighty years, we have used them for the most varied applications, and from the first structural ones we began to investigate their durability, which can be fatal in the successful completion of the application for which the material was designed. Over the last thirty years, the environmental problems related to the disposal of polymers that have completed their lifecycle have begun to arise, and the need to foresee their end of life has become increasingly urgent. In this manuscript, the reliability of the lifetime predictions of polymeric materials is faced with comparing measurements obtained at low temperature with those carried out at high temperatures, in the molten state. The obtained data were treated by a well-established kinetics model and discrepancies were observed in the two different conditions (high and low temperatures), which led to a mismatching between expected and real data. A correction of the data extrapolated from measurements obtained at high temperatures, by using a novel equation which takes into account the induction period (IP) of the degradation process, is proposed. Considerations about the useful parameters, namely initial decomposition temperature (Ti), activation energy of degradation (Ea), and glass-transition temperature (Tg), to be used for making predictions, are also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
- UdR-Catania Consorzio INSTM, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Ognibene G, Cristaldi DA, Fiorenza R, Blanco I, Cicala G, Scirè S, Fragalà ME. Photoactivity of hierarchically nanostructured ZnO–PES fibre mats for water treatments. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06854e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brush-like ZnO nanorods shell grown by CBD onto electrospun PES fibres as photocatalytic membranes for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ognibene
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- University of Catania
- 95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - D. A. Cristaldi
- Department of Chemical Science and INSTM UdR Catania
- University of Catania
- I-95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - R. Fiorenza
- Department of Chemical Science and INSTM UdR Catania
- University of Catania
- I-95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - I. Blanco
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- University of Catania
- 95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - G. Cicala
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- University of Catania
- 95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - S. Scirè
- Department of Chemical Science and INSTM UdR Catania
- University of Catania
- I-95123 Catania
- Italy
| | - M. E. Fragalà
- Department of Chemical Science and INSTM UdR Catania
- University of Catania
- I-95123 Catania
- Italy
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Abstract
The rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of random, alternating, and three block of polyether sulfone/polyetherethersulfone copolymers are compared. These copolymers have similar molecular weights and chemical composition (phenyl:ether:sulfone = 7:4:3). Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis results indicate that all copolymers possess extremely close glass transition temperature. On this basis, it is interesting to find that the alternating copolymer exhibits the melt viscosity of 281 Pa·s, which is much lower than those of random copolymer (1641 Pa·s). For block copolymers, the gradual increase with the preceding length increases in melt viscosity. In addition, the stress–strain test curves of copolymers were investigated, which revealed that sequence distribution has important influence on the tensile strengths and elongations at break. All these can be highly related to their different sequence distribution. These results obtained were discussed and interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigui Yue
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou X, Liu B, Jiang Z, Yue X. Polyethersulfone/polyetherethersulfone copolymers with the same chemical composition and different melt-viscosity. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhou
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 People's Republic of China
| | - Baijun Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Xigui Yue
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
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Thermal behaviour of a series of novel aliphatic bridged polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs)/polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites: The influence of the bridge length on the resistance to thermal degradation. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Blanco I, Abate L, Antonelli ML, Bottino FA. The regression of isothermal thermogravimetric data to evaluate degradation Ea values of polymers: A comparison with literature methods and an evaluation of lifetime predictions reliability. Part II. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Siracusa V, Blanco I, Romani S, Tylewicz U, Rocculi P, Rosa MD. Poly(lactic acid)-modified films for food packaging application: Physical, mechanical, and barrier behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Luo X, Yao X, Zhang C, Lin X, Han B. Preparation of mid-to-high molecular weight konjac glucomannan (MHKGM) using controllable enzyme-catalyzed degradation and investigation of MHKGM properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The influence of sulfonation degree on the thermal behaviour of sulfonated poly(arylene ethersulfone)s. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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The influence of chain rigidity on the thermal properties of some novel random copolyethersulfones. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abate L, Blanco I, Cicala G, Recca G, Scamporrino A. The influence of chain-ends on the thermal and rheological properties of some 40/60 PES/PEES copolymers. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Samperi F, Puglisi C, Ferreri T, Messina R, Cicala G, Recca A, Restuccia CL, Scamporrino A. Thermal decomposition products of copoly(arylene ether sulfone)s characterized by direct pyrolysis mass spectrometry. Polym Degrad Stab 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Schmidt V, Soldi V. Influence of polycaprolactone-triol addition on thermal stability of soy protein isolate based films. Polym Degrad Stab 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Thermal and rheological behaviours of some random aromatic amino-ended polyethersulfone/polyetherethersulfone copolymers. Polym Degrad Stab 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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