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Wu S, Guo M, Zhao J, Wu Q, Zhuang J, Jiang X. Characterization of the Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Cow Dung Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Comparative Study with Corn Stalk Fiber Composites and Sisal Fiber Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225041. [PMID: 36433165 PMCID: PMC9696055 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural fibers and their composites have attracted much attention due to the growing energy crisis and environmental awareness. In this work, a natural lignocellulosic fiber was extracted from cow dung waste and its potential use as reinforcing material in resin-based polymer composites was evaluated. For this purpose, cow dung fiber-reinforced composites (CDFC) were fabricated, and their mechanical and morphological properties were systematically investigated and compared with corn stalk fiber composites (CSFC) and sisal fiber composites (SFC). The results showed that the addition of cow dung fibers reduced the density of the polymer composites, increased the water absorption, and enhanced the impact strength and shear strength. The highest impact and shear strengths were obtained at 6 wt.% and 9 wt.% of fiber loading, respectively, which increased by 23.8% and 34.6% compared to the composite without the fibers. Further comparisons revealed that at the same fiber addition level, the CDFC exhibited better mechanical properties than the CSFC; notably, the CDFC-3 (adding 3 wt.% of fiber loading) had an impact strength closer to the SFC-3. Furthermore, an SEM analysis suggested that the cow dung fibers exhibited a rough and crinkly surface with more node structures, and presented good interfacial bonding with the composite matrix. This work revealed that cow dung fibers are a promising candidate as reinforcement for resin-based polymer composites, which promotes an alternative application for cow dung waste resources in the automotive components field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Wu
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Mingzhuo Guo
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-18504311293 (M.G.); +86-18843165417 (J.Z.)
| | - Jiale Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-18504311293 (M.G.); +86-18843165417 (J.Z.)
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xinming Jiang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China
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Loganathan TM, Hameed Sultan MT, Ahsan Q, Jawaid M, Naveen J, Md Shah AU, Abu Talib AR, Basri AA, Jaafar CNA. Effect of Cyrtostachys renda Fiber Loading on the Mechanical, Morphology, and Flammability Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Phenolic Bio-Composites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3049. [PMID: 34835813 PMCID: PMC8621541 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This research focuses on evaluating the effect of Cyrtostachys renda (CR) fiber and the impact of adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on the morphological, physical, mechanical, and flammability properties of phenolic composites. MWCNT were supplemented with phenolic resin through a dry dispersion ball milling method. Composites were fabricated by incorporating CR fiber in 0.5 wt.% MWCNT-phenolic matrix by hot pressing. Nevertheless, the void content, higher water absorption, and thickness swelling increased with fiber loading to the MWCNT/phenolic composites. The presence of MWCNT in phenolic enhanced the tensile, flexural, and impact strength by as much as 18%, 8%, and 8%, respectively, compared to pristine phenolic. The addition of CR fiber, however, strengthened MWCNT-phenolic composites, improving the tensile, flexural, and impact strength by as much as 16%, 16%, and 266%, respectively, for 50 wt.% loading of CR fiber. The CR fiber may adhere properly to the matrix, indicating that there is a strong interface between fiber and MWCNT-phenolic resin. UL-94 horizontal and limiting oxygen index (LOI) results indicated that all composite materials are in the category of self-extinguishing. Based on the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) technique, 50 wt.% CR fiber-reinforced MWCNT-phenolic composite was chosen as the optimal composite for mechanical and flammability properties. This bio-based eco-friendly composite has the potential to be used as an aircraft interior component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamil Moli Loganathan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (T.M.L.); (A.U.M.S.); (A.R.A.T.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (T.M.L.); (A.U.M.S.); (A.R.A.T.); (A.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
- Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944751-A), Prime Minister’s Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, Cyberjaya 63000, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Qumrul Ahsan
- Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh;
| | - Mohammad Jawaid
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
| | - Jesuarockiam Naveen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Ain Umaira Md Shah
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (T.M.L.); (A.U.M.S.); (A.R.A.T.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Abd. Rahim Abu Talib
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (T.M.L.); (A.U.M.S.); (A.R.A.T.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Adi Azriff Basri
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (T.M.L.); (A.U.M.S.); (A.R.A.T.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Che Nor Aiza Jaafar
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
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Suriani MJ, Ilyas RA, Zuhri MYM, Khalina A, Sultan MTH, Sapuan SM, Ruzaidi CM, Wan FN, Zulkifli F, Harussani MM, Azman MA, Radzi FSM, Sharma S. Critical Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites: Processing, Properties, Applications and Cost. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203514. [PMID: 34685272 PMCID: PMC8537548 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing scientific interest has occurred concerning the utilization of natural fiber-enhanced hybrid composites that incorporate one or more types of natural enhancement. Annual natural fiber production is estimated to be 1,783,965 × 103 tons/year. Extensive studies have been conducted in the domains of natural/synthetic as well as natural/natural hybrid composites. As synthetic fibers have better rigidity and strength than natural fibers, natural/synthetic hybrid composites have superior qualities via hybridization compared to natural composites in fibers. In general, natural fiber compounds have lower characteristics, limiting the use of natural composites reinforced by fiber. Significant effort was spent in enhancing the mechanical characteristics of this group of materials to increase their strengths and applications, especially via the hybridization process, by manipulating the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composite materials. Current studies concentrate on enhancing the understanding of natural fiber-matrix adhesion, enhancing processing methods, and natural fiber compatibility. The optimal and resilient conceptions have also been addressed due to the inherently more significant variabilities. Moreover, much research has tackled natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite costs. In addition, this review article aims to offer a review of the variables that lead to the mechanical and structural failure of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, as well as an overview of the details and costings of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Suriani
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (R.A.I.); (M.Y.M.Z.)
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (R.A.I.); (M.Y.M.Z.)
| | - M. Y. M. Zuhri
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.M.S.); (M.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.K.); (M.T.H.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (R.A.I.); (M.Y.M.Z.)
| | - A. Khalina
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.K.); (M.T.H.S.)
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. T. H. Sultan
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.K.); (M.T.H.S.)
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.M.S.); (M.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.K.); (M.T.H.S.)
| | - C. M. Ruzaidi
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
| | - F. Nik Wan
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
| | - F. Zulkifli
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
| | - M. M. Harussani
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.M.S.); (M.M.H.)
| | - M. A. Azman
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
| | - F. S. M. Radzi
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia; (C.M.R.); (F.N.W.); (F.Z.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.M.R.)
| | - Shubham Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Main Campus-Kapurthala, Punjab 144603, India;
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Qi F, Chaoqun Z, Weijun Y, Qingwen W, Rongxian O. Lignin-based polymers. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2020-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
On the basis of the world’s continuing consumption of raw materials, there was an urgent need to seek sustainable resources. Lignin, the second naturally abundant biomass, accounts for 15–35% of the cell walls of terrestrial plants and is considered waste for low-cost applications such as thermal and electricity generation. The impressive characteristics of lignin, such as its high abundance, low density, biodegradability, antioxidation, antibacterial capability, and its CO2 neutrality and enhancement, render it an ideal candidate for developing new polymer/composite materials. In past decades, considerable works have been conducted to effectively utilize waste lignin as a component in polymer matrices for the production of high-performance lignin-based polymers. This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the recent advances and challenges involving lignin-based polymers utilizing lignin macromonomer and its derived monolignols. These lignin-based polymers include phenol resins, polyurethane resins, polyester resins, epoxy resins, etc. The structural characteristics and functions of lignin-based polymers are discussed in each section. In addition, we also try to divide various lignin reinforced polymer composites into different polymer matrices, which can be separated into thermoplastics, rubber, and thermosets composites. This chapter is expected to increase the interest of researchers worldwide in lignin-based polymers and develop new ideas in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Qi
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , 510642 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Zhang Chaoqun
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , 510642 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Yang Weijun
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University , 214122 Wuxi , P. R. China
| | - Wang Qingwen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , 510642 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ou Rongxian
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou , 510642 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology , Guangzhou , P. R. China
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5
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Synthesis and Processing of Melt Spun Materials from Esterified Lignin with Lactic Acid. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9245361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the carbon fiber manufacturing process is investigated, using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and esterified lignin either with lactic acid (LA) or with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as precursors. More specifically, lignin was modified using either LA or PLA in order to increase its chemical affinity with HDPE. The modified compounds were continuously melt spun to fibrous materials by blending with HDPE in order to fabricate a carbon fiber precursor. The obtained products were characterized with respect to their morphology, as well as their structure and chemical composition. Moreover, an assessment of both physical and structural transformations after modification of lignin with LA and PLA was performed in order to evaluate the spinning ability of the composite fibers, as well as the thermal processing to carbon fibers. This bottom–up approach seems to be able to provide a viable route considering large scale production in order to transform lignin in value-added product. Tensile tests revealed that the chemical lignin modification allowed an enhancement in its spinning ability due to its compatibility improvement with the commercial low-cost and thermoplastic HDPE polymer. Finally, stabilization and carbonization thermal processing was performed in order to obtain carbon fibers.
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Kaschuk JJ, Lacerda TM, Frollini E. Investigating effects of high cellulase concentration on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the sisal cellulosic pulp. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:919-926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Raslan HA, Fathy ES, Mohamed RM. Effect of gamma irradiation and fiber surface treatment on the properties of bagasse fiber-reinforced waste polypropylene composites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2017.1405535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. Raslan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E. S. Fathy
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Chemistry, Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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WANG SHIQI, WEI CHUN, LIU HONGXIA, GONG YONGYANG, YANG DEJIANG, YANG PENG, LIU TIANXI. Studies on Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Sisal Pulp Reinforced Phenolic Composites. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SHIQI WANG
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - CHUN WEI
- Ministry-Province Jointly-Constructed Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metal and Featured Materials; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - HONGXIA LIU
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials; Ministry of Education; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - YONGYANG GONG
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - DEJIANG YANG
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - PENG YANG
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - TIANXI LIU
- Ministry-Province Jointly-Constructed Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metal and Featured Materials; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials; Ministry of Education; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
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Megiatto JD, Cerrutti BM, Frollini E. Sodium lignosulfonate as a renewable stabilizing agent for aqueous alumina suspensions. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:927-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Tanjung FA, Husseinsyah S, Hussin K, Hassan A. Mechanical and thermal properties of organosolv lignin/sodium dodecyl sulphate binary agent-treated polypropylene/chitosan composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yuan J, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Phenolic foams toughened with crosslinked poly (n-butyl acrylate)/silica core-shell nanocomposite particles. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yuan
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
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12
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Razera IAT, Silva CGD, Almeida ÉVRD, Frollini E. Treatments of jute fibers aiming at improvement of fiber-phenolic matrix adhesion. POLIMEROS 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK. Processing and characterization of natural cellulose fibers/thermoset polymer composites. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 109:102-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 650] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Yu YL, Huang XA, Yu WJ. High performance of bamboo-based fiber composites from long bamboo fiber bundles and phenolic resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Lun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of State Forestry Administration; Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiang Shan Road; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Xian-Ai Huang
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Canada 555, boul. de l'Université; Chicoutimi Québec Canada G7H 2B1
| | - Wen-Ji Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of State Forestry Administration; Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiang Shan Road; Haidian District Beijing China
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Preparation, processing and properties of lignosulfonate–flax composite boards. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:300-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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17
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Campanella A, Wool RP, Bah M, Fita S, Abuobaid A. Composites from northern red oak (Quercus robur) leaves and plant oil-based resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Xu
- State Key Laboratory, Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - R. M. Rowell
- State Key Laboratory, Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks containing polysaccharides. II. Xanthan/lignin networks: a spectral and thermal characterization. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008311399112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are important materials in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and related biomedical applications. Xanthan gum is a microbial polysaccharide of great commercial significance. Lignin possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial and stabilizer properties. The aim of this study was to investigate by UV-Vis and infrared spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric studies, the characteristics of biodegradable superabsorbant hydrogels with high swelling rate in aqueous mediums. These were obtained by crosslinking reaction between xanthan gum and different types of lignin (aspen wood lignin, annual fibre crops lignin and lignin epoxy-modified resin) using epichlorhydrine as crosslinking agent. It is expected an increased in thermal stability, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility of hydrogel-films by lignin incorporation. Applications in the food and medical field were also found.
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Ramires EC, Megiatto JD, Gardrat C, Castellan A, Frollini E. Biobased composites from glyoxal-phenolic resins and sisal fibers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:1998-2006. [PMID: 19880315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials can significantly contribute to the development of biobased composites. In this work, glyoxal-phenolic resins for composites were prepared using glyoxal, which is a dialdehyde obtained from several natural resources. The resins were characterized by (1)H, (13)C, 2D, and (31)P NMR spectroscopies. Resorcinol (10%) was used as an accelerator for curing the glyoxal-phenol resins in order to obtain the thermosets. The impact-strength measurement showed that regardless of the cure cycle used, the reinforcement of thermosets by 30% (w/w) sisal fibers improved the impact strength by one order of magnitude. Curing with cycle 1 (150 degrees C) induced a high diffusion coefficient for water absorption in composites, due to less interaction between the sisal fibers and water. The composites cured with cycle 2 (180 degrees C) had less glyoxal resin coverage of the cellulosic fibers, as observed by images of the fractured interface observed by SEM. This study shows that biobased composites with good properties can be prepared using a high proportion of materials obtained from natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Ramires
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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