1
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Kao YC, Lin JY, Chen WC, Gamal Mohamed M, Huang CF, Chen JH, Kuo SW. High-Thermal Stable Epoxy Resin through Blending Nanoarchitectonics with Double-Decker-Shaped Polyhedral Silsesquioxane-Functionalized Benzoxazine Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:112. [PMID: 38201777 PMCID: PMC10780953 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of di-functional benzoxazine (BZ) monomers was synthesized, specifically the double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) cage structure (DDSQ-BZ). Comparative analyses were conducted between DDSQ-BZ monomers and the most commonly utilized bisphenol A-functionalized bifunctional benzoxazine (BPA-BZ) monomer. DDSQ-BZ compounds possess better thermal properties such as high char yield and high thermal decomposition temperature (Td10) after thermal ring-opening polymerization (ROP) because the inorganic DDSQ cage nanostructure features a nano-reinforcement effect. In addition, blending inorganic DDSQ-BZ compounds with epoxy resin was explored to form organic/inorganic hybrids with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties following thermal ROP. The improvement in mechanical properties is primarily attributed to the network structure formed by the cross-linking between DDSQ-BZ and the epoxy resin during thermal ROP, as well as hydrogen bonding interactions formed between the hydroxyl groups generated during thermal ROP and the Si-O-Si bonds in the DDSQ structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chin Kao
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (W.-C.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Jing-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (W.-C.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (W.-C.C.); (M.G.M.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Jung-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan;
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (W.-C.C.); (M.G.M.)
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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2
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Waldin NA, Jamain Z. The Effect of Alkyl Terminal Chain Length of Schiff-Based Cyclotriphosphazene Derivatives towards Epoxy Resins on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061431. [PMID: 36987211 PMCID: PMC10051550 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of Schiff-based cyclotriphosphazenes with different alkyl chain length terminal ends, 4a (dodecyl) and 4b (tetradecyl), were synthesized and the structures were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and 1H, 13C, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN) elemental analysis. The flame-retardant and mechanical properties of the epoxy resin (EP) matrix were examined. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 4a (26.55%) and 4b (26.71%) revealed a good increment compared to pure EP (22.75%). The LOI results corresponded to their thermal behavior studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the char residue analyzed under field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The mechanical properties of EP showed a positive impact on tensile strength with a trend of EP < 4a < 4b. The tensile strength went from 8.06 N/mm2 (pure EP) to 14.36 and 20.37 N/mm2, indicating that the additives were compatible with epoxy resin.
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3
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Waldin NA, Jamain Z. Synthesis and Mechanical Property of Hexasubstituted Cyclotriphosphazene Derivatives Attached to Hydrazine-bridge Linkage with High Fire Retardancy. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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4
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Fenech-Salerno B, Holicky M, Yao C, Cass AEG, Torrisi F. A sprayed graphene transistor platform for rapid and low-cost chemical sensing. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3243-3254. [PMID: 36723120 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05838c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel and versatile sensing platform, based on electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors, for easy, low-cost and scalable production of chemical sensor test strips. The Lab-on-PCB platform is enabled by low-boiling, low-surface-tension sprayable graphene ink deposited on a substrate manufactured using a commercial printed circuit board process. We demonstrate the versatility of the platform by sensing pH and Na+ concentrations in an aqueous solution, achieving a sensitivity of 143 ± 4 μA per pH and 131 ± 5 μA per log10Na+, respectively, in line with state-of-the-art graphene chemical sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benji Fenech-Salerno
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Martin Holicky
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Chengning Yao
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Anthony E G Cass
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Felice Torrisi
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita' di Catania & CNR-IMM (Catania Università), Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
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5
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Polysilsesquioxane reinforced cardanol derived elastomeric thermoset: preparation, characterization and properties. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-022-01080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Wang J, Guo Y, Zhao S, Zhu Z, Huang Y, Tian T, Zhou Y, Bi L. Low flammability epoxy resin enabled by a phosphaphenanthrene-based oligomer. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Chin CDW, Ringgold MA, Redline EM, Bregman AG, Hattar K, Peretti AS, Treadwell LJ. Fabrication, thermal analysis, and heavy ion irradiation resistance of epoxy matrix nanocomposites loaded with silane-functionalized ceria nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6552-6569. [PMID: 35262100 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05033h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a detailed understanding of how nanofillers function as radiation barriers within the polymer matrix, and how their effectiveness is impacted by factors such as composition, size, loading, surface chemistry, and dispersion. We designed a comprehensive investigation of heavy ion irradiation resistance in epoxy matrix composites loaded with surface-modified ceria nanofillers, utilizing tandem computational and experimental methods to elucidate radiolytic damage processes and relate them to chemical and structural changes observed through thermal analysis, vibrational spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. A detailed mechanistic examination supported by FTIR spectroscopy data identified the bisphenol A moiety as a primary target for degradation reactions. Results of computational modeling by the Stopping Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) Monte Carlo simulation were in good agreement with damage analysis from surface and cross-sectional SEM imaging. All metrics indicated that ceria nanofillers reduce the damage area in polymer nanocomposites, and that nanofiller loading and homogeneity of dispersion are key to effective damage prevention. The results of this study represent a significant pathway for engineered irradiation tolerance in a diverse array of polymer nanocomposite materials. Numerous areas of materials science can benefit from utilizing this facile and effective method to extend the reliability of polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Davis-Wheeler Chin
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
| | - Marissa A Ringgold
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
| | - Erica M Redline
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Avi G Bregman
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
| | - Khalid Hattar
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Amanda S Peretti
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - LaRico J Treadwell
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, 1001 University Blvd. SE, Suite 100, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
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8
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Shi K, Shen Y, Yang Y, Wang T. Novel imidazole derivatives with recoverable activity as latent curing agents for epoxy. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunxiang Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Yucai Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China
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9
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Pan H, Ma W, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Lu F, Yu B. Construction of layer‐by‐layer assembled green coating on titanate nanotubes to improve the flame retardancy of epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Pan
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zinan Zhang
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Lu
- Faculty of EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bihao Yu
- Bureau of Emergency Management of Ningbo Daxie Development Zone Ningbo P. R. China
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10
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Yuan Y, Shi Y, Yu B, Zhan J, Zhang Y, Song L, Ma C, Hu Y. Facile synthesis of aluminum branched oligo(phenylphosphonate) submicro-particles with enhanced flame retardance and smoke toxicity suppression for epoxy resin composites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 381:121233. [PMID: 31557714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel and submicro-scale aluminum branched oligo(phenylphosphonate) (AHPP) has been successfully synthesized and embedded into a polymeric substrate to improve the fire safety of epoxy resin (EP). The chemical structures of intermediates and target products were characterized using the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analysis. Morphology analysis confirmed that all of the as-synthesized AHPP submicro-particles are mutually well-separated. Combustion results demonstrated that the limiting oxygen index value is increased to 30.5% from 23.5% while the PHRR and THR are decreased by ca. 68.1% and 41.2%, respectively for the EP/AHPP-7.5 composite compared to the corresponding values for pure EP. In addition, the binary blends display the satisfying smoke toxicity suppression performance during combustion. The total smoke production and the total CO yield for EP/AHPP-7.5 are dramatically reduced by 62.0% and 32.3%, respectively, which may mainly be ascribed to the catalytic carbonization performance of the polymers and formation of Al2O3 layers on the surface of the char residues. As a result, the findings in this study enabled the submicro-scale phosphorus-containing flame retardant to be a potential candidate as an efficient additive for reducing smoke toxicity of polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Jing Zhan
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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11
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Jiang H, Sun L, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Ru C, Zhang W, Zhao C. Novel biobased epoxy resin thermosets derived from eugenol and vanillin. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Estrogenic activity research of a novel fluorinated bisphenol and preparation of an epoxy resin as alternative to bisphenol A epoxy resin. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Hollow-glass-microsphere-based Biphenyl Epoxy Resin Composite with Low Dielectric Contant. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-7419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Liu T, Hao C, Zhang S, Yang X, Wang L, Han J, Li Y, Xin J, Zhang J. A Self-Healable High Glass Transition Temperature Bioepoxy Material Based on Vitrimer Chemistry. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Liu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Cheng Hao
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Jiarui Han
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuzhan Li
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Junna Xin
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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15
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Senophiyah-Mary J, Loganath R, Meenambal T. A novel method for the removal of epoxy coating from waste printed circuit board. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2018; 36:645-652. [PMID: 29925298 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x18782392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The printed circuit board, which is the heart of all electronic devices, is a rich source of metal, which could act as a future resource. Bioleaching, a biological treatment, would be an appropriate method for the environmentally sound management of e-waste. Various strippers are used to remove the epoxy coating and it is harmful to remove the epoxy coating with those solvents and salts in the open because of the presence of brominated flame retardants on the surface of the printed circuit board, which leads to serious health issues. An alternate process is required to remove the epoxy coating thereby enhancing the bioleaching process. Sonication is the process of applying sound energy to agitate particles in a solvent bath. The combined process of sonication and solvent stripping in a closed environment could decrease the time for stripping the epoxy coating. An attempt has been made to optimise the stripping agent for the removal of epoxy coating and from the experiment it was found that bath sonication could easily remove the epoxy coating from the waste printed circuit board with no emission of toxic gases. An optimum time of 5 min was enough for the stripping process prior to the soak time of 8 h at 5 N NaOH solution, while a longer time and high concentration of chemicals would be required to remove the epoxy coating with usual methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Senophiyah-Mary
- 1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Government College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Loganath
- 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, West Bengal, India
| | - T Meenambal
- 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Madanapalli Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradhesh, India
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16
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Fu XL, Wang X, Xing W, Zhang P, Song L, Hu Y. Two-dimensional cardanol-derived zirconium phosphate hybrid as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Preparation and properties of novel fluorinated epoxy resins cured with 4-trifluoromethyl phenylbenzimidazole for application in electronic materials. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Xu MJ, Xia SY, Liu C, Li B. Preparation of Poly(phosphoric acid piperazine) and Its Application as an Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Wu F, Zhou X, Yu X. Reaction mechanism, cure behavior and properties of a multifunctional epoxy resin, TGDDM, with latent curing agent dicyandiamide. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8248-8258. [PMID: 35542009 PMCID: PMC9078540 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13233f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The curing mechanism of the TGDDM/DICY system consisted of two main reactions and it experienced two autocatalytic curing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xinhai Yu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
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20
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Visakh P, Nazarenko O, Sarath Chandran C, Melnikova T, Nazarenko S, Kim JC. Effect of electron beam irradiation on thermal and mechanical properties of aluminum based epoxy composites. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Liu T, Zhang L, Chen R, Wang L, Han B, Meng Y, Li X. Nitrogen-Free Tetrafunctional Epoxy and Its DDS-Cured High-Performance Matrix for Aerospace Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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22
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Li R, Zhang H, Zhou C, Zhang B, Chen Y, Zou H, Liang M. The thermal stability investigation of microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate/siloxane-modified epoxy resin composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Haoruo Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yang Chen
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Mei Liang
- The State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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23
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Na T, Jiang H, Zhao L, Zhao C. Preparation and characterization of novel naphthyl epoxy resin containing 4-fluorobenzoyl side chains for low-k dielectrics application. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09941j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel naphthyl epoxy resin was synthesized and cured with MeHHPA. It showed significantly lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss than other commercial epoxy resins due to the introduction of fluorine on the side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Na
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Jiang
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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24
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Gas-phase flame-retardant effects of a bi-group compound based on phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups in epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Kalali EN, Wang X, Wang DY. Synthesis of a Fe3O4 Nanosphere@Mg–Al Layered-Double-Hydroxide Hybrid and Application in the Fabrication of Multifunctional Epoxy Nanocomposites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Min Y, Li P, Yin XG, Ban DM. Synthesis and characterization of an novel flame retardant based on phosphaphenanthrene for epoxy resin. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Xu MJ, Xu GR, Leng Y, Li B. Synthesis of a novel flame retardant based on cyclotriphosphazene and DOPO groups and its application in epoxy resins. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Saba N, Jawaid M, Paridah MT, Al-othman OY. A review on flammability of epoxy polymer, cellulosic and non-cellulosic fiber reinforced epoxy composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Saba
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP); Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang 43400 Selangor Malaysia
| | - M. Jawaid
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP); Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang 43400 Selangor Malaysia
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - M. T. Paridah
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP); Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang 43400 Selangor Malaysia
| | - O. Y. Al-othman
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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29
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Yang S, Wang J, Huo S, Cheng L, Wang M. Preparation and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin system constructed by multiple flame-retardant compositions containing phosphorus and nitrogen heterocycle. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Yang S, Wang J, Huo S, Wang M, Cheng L. Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siqi Huo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liufeng Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Hao L, Wang W, Sun Y, Niu H, Ji Y. Synthesis and electrochromic properties of epoxy materials containing triphenylamine units. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Cure behaviors and thermal stabilities of tetrafunctional epoxy resin toughened by polyamideimide. Macromol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-015-3051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Park SJ, Heo GY, Jin FL, Rhee KY. Effect of urethane functionality and number of epoxide groups on cure and mechanical behaviors of epoxy resins. Macromol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-015-3015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Xu GR, Xu MJ, Li B. Synthesis and characterization of a novel epoxy resin based on cyclotriphosphazene and its thermal degradation and flammability performance. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Xu M, Zhao W, Li B. Synthesis of a novel curing agent containing organophosphorus and its application in flame-retarded epoxy resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaojun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 P. R. China
- Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Forestry Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 P. R. China
- Sinopec FuShun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals; Fushun 113001 P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 P. R. China
- Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Forestry Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 P. R. China
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36
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Wu Z, Li J, Chen Y, Wang Z, Li S. Synthesis and liquid oxygen compatibility of a phosphorous-containing epoxy resin. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Wu
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Li
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yingpu Chen
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Li
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics; State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
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37
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Liu H, Wang X, Wu D. Novel cyclotriphosphazene-based epoxy compound and its application in halogen-free epoxy thermosetting systems: Synthesis, curing behaviors, and flame retardancy. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Burmistrov I, Shatrova N, Mostovoy A, Mazov I, Kuznetsov D, Panova L, Gorokhovsky A, Yudin A. Mechanical properties of (surface-modified potassium polytitanate small additives)/epoxy composite materials. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I.N. Burmistrov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Moscow Russia
- Engels Technological Institute (branch) Saratov State Technical University after Gagarin Yu.A.; Engels Russia
| | - N.V. Shatrova
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Moscow Russia
| | - A.S. Mostovoy
- Engels Technological Institute (branch) Saratov State Technical University after Gagarin Yu.A.; Engels Russia
| | - I.N. Mazov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Moscow Russia
| | - D.V. Kuznetsov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Moscow Russia
| | - L.G. Panova
- Engels Technological Institute (branch) Saratov State Technical University after Gagarin Yu.A.; Engels Russia
| | - A.V. Gorokhovsky
- Saratov State Technical University after Gagarin Yu.A.; Saratov Russia
| | - A.G. Yudin
- National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”; Moscow Russia
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Ghumara R, Adroja P, Parsania P. Synthesis and physico-chemical studies of unsaturated polyester polyol of multifunctional epoxy resin containing s-triazine ring and its jute/glass composites. Des Monomers Polym 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2013.867583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R.Y. Ghumara
- Polymer Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - P.P. Adroja
- Polymer Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - P.H. Parsania
- Polymer Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
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Sun J, Wang X, Wu D. Novel spirocyclic phosphazene-based epoxy resin for halogen-free fire resistance: synthesis, curing behaviors, and flammability characteristics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4047-4061. [PMID: 22833687 DOI: 10.1021/am300843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel halogen-free fire resistant epoxy resin with pendent spiro-cyclotriphosphazene groups was designed and synthesized via a three-step synthetic pathway. The chemical structures and compositions of spiro-cyclotriphosphazene precursors and final product were confirmed by (1)H, (13)C, and (31)P NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal curing behaviors of the synthesized epoxy resin with 4,4'-diamino-diphenylmethane, 4,4'-diamino-diphenyl sulfone, and novolac as hardeners were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the curing kinetics were also studied under a nonisothermal condition. The evaluation of the thermal properties demonstrated that these thermosets achieved a good thermal resistance due to their high glass transition temperatures more than 150 °C, and also gained high thermal stabilities with high char yields. The flammability characteristics of the spirocyclic phosphazene-based epoxy thermosets cured with these three hardeners were investigated on the basis of the results obtained from the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 vertical burning experiments as well as the analysis of the residual chars collected from the vertical burning tests. The high LOI values and UL-94 V-0 classification of these epoxy thermosets indicated that the incorporation of phosphazene rings into the backbone chain imparts nonflammability to the epoxy resin owing to the unique combination of phosphorus and nitrogen following by a synergistic effect on flame retardancy. The epoxy resin obtained in this study is a green functional polymer and will become a potential candidate for fire- and heat-resistant applications in electronic and microelectronic fields with more safety and excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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41
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Lé-Magda M, Dargent E, Youssef B, Guillet A, Idrac J, Saiter JM. Thermal Properties Evolution of PCB FR4 Epoxy Composites for Mechatronic During Very Long Ageing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201250518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Liu Z, Zhang G, Liu Z, Sun H, Zhao C, Wang S, Li G, Na H. Synthesis and properties of an epoxy resin containing trifluoromethyl side chains and its cross-linking networks with different curing agents. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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Liu Z, Zhang G, Sun H, Jiang H, Zhao C, Xu D, Li H, Sun X, Na H. Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of tetramethylbisphenol F epoxy resin and mixed systems. POLYM INT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.3205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Zhang K, Shen MM, Wu K, Liu HF, Zhang Y. Comparative study on flame retardancy and thermal degradation of phosphorus- and silicon-containing epoxy resin composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Gu X, Huang X, Wei H, Tang X. Synthesis of novel epoxy-group modified phosphazene-containing nanotube and its reinforcing effect in epoxy resin. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Biswas B, Kandola BK. The effect of chemically reactive type flame retardant additives on flammability of PES toughened epoxy resin and carbon fiber-reinforced composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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47
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