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He J, Shi H, Li X, Nie X, Yang Y, Li J, Wang J, Yao M, Tian B, Zhou J. A review on microbial synthesis of lactate-containing polyesters. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:198. [PMID: 35995888 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Degradable polylactic acids (PLA) have been widely used in agriculture, textile, medicine and degradable plastics industry, and can completely replace petroleum-based plastics in the future. At present, polylactic acid was chemically synthesized by ring-opening polymerisation or the direct polycondensation of lactic acid, which inevitably leads to chemical and heavy metal catalyst pollution. The current research focus has gradually shifted to the development of recombinant industrial strains for the efficiently production of lactate-containing polyesters from renewable resources. This review summarizes various explorations of metabolic pathway optimization and production cost control in the industrialization of lactate-containing polyesters bio-production. In particular, the effects of key enzymes, including CoA transferase, polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, and their mutants, culture conditions, low-cost carbon sources, and recombinant strains on the yield and composition of lactate-containing polyesters are summarized and discussed. Future prospects and challenges for the industrialization of lactate-containing polyesters are also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi He
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Shi
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Nie
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengdie Yao
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxia Tian
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Guo P, Luo Y, Wu J, Wu H. Recent advances in the microbial synthesis of lactate-based copolymer. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:106. [PMID: 38650297 PMCID: PMC10992027 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing environmental pollution of un-degradable plastics and the consumption of non-renewable resources, more attention has been attracted by new bio-degradable/based polymers produced from renewable resources. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most representative bio-based materials, with obvious advantages and disadvantages, and has a wide range of applications in industry, medicine, and research. By copolymerizing to make up for its deficiencies, the obtained copolymers have more excellent properties. The development of a one-step microbial metabolism production process of the lactate (LA)-based copolymers overcomes the inherent shortcomings in the traditional chemical synthesis process. The most common lactate-based copolymer is poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(LA-co-3HB)], within which the difference of LA monomer fraction will cause the change in the material properties. It is necessary to regulate LA monomer fraction by appropriate methods. Based on synthetic biology and systems metabolic engineering, this review mainly focus on how did the different production strategies (such as enzyme engineering, fermentation engineering, etc.) of P(LA-co-3HB) optimize the chassis cells to efficiently produce it. In addition, the metabolic engineering strategies of some other lactate-based copolymers are also introduced in this article. These studies would facilitate to expand the application fields of the corresponding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengye Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanchan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ju Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Engineering of China National Light Industry Council, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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3
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Nduko JM, Taguchi S. Microbial Production of Biodegradable Lactate-Based Polymers and Oligomeric Building Blocks From Renewable and Waste Resources. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:618077. [PMID: 33614605 PMCID: PMC7889595 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.618077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are naturally occurring biopolymers produced by microorganisms. PHAs have become attractive research biomaterials in the past few decades owing to their extensive potential industrial applications, especially as sustainable alternatives to the fossil fuel feedstock-derived products such as plastics. Among the biopolymers are the bioplastics and oligomers produced from the fermentation of renewable plant biomass. Bioplastics are intracellularly accumulated by microorganisms as carbon and energy reserves. The bioplastics, however, can also be produced through a biochemistry process that combines fermentative secretory production of monomers and/or oligomers and chemical synthesis to generate a repertoire of biopolymers. PHAs are particularly biodegradable and biocompatible, making them a part of today's commercial polymer industry. Their physicochemical properties that are similar to those of petrochemical-based plastics render them potential renewable plastic replacements. The design of efficient tractable processes using renewable biomass holds key to enhance their usage and adoption. In 2008, a lactate-polymerizing enzyme was developed to create new category of polyester, lactic acid (LA)-based polymer and related polymers. This review aims to introduce different strategies including metabolic and enzyme engineering to produce LA-based biopolymers and related oligomers that can act as precursors for catalytic synthesis of polylactic acid. As the cost of PHA production is prohibitive, the review emphasizes attempts to use the inexpensive plant biomass as substrates for LA-based polymer and oligomer production. Future prospects and challenges in LA-based polymer and oligomer production are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Masani Nduko
- Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Faculty of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Tran TT, Charles TC. Lactic acid containing polymers produced in engineered Sinorhizobium meliloti and Pseudomonas putida. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0218302. [PMID: 32191710 PMCID: PMC7082056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that novel polymer production can be achieved by introducing pTAM, a broad-host-range plasmid expressing codon-optimized genes encoding Clostridium propionicum propionate CoA transferase (PctCp, Pct532) and a modified Pseudomonas sp. MBEL 6–19 polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase 1 (PhaC1Ps6-19, PhaC1400), into phaC mutant strains of the native polymer producers Sinorhizobium meliloti and Pseudomonas putida. Both phenotypic analysis and gas chromatography analysis indicated the synthesis and accumulation of biopolymers in S. meliloti and P. putida strains. Expression in S. meliloti resulted in the production of PLA homopolymer up to 3.2% dried cell weight (DCW). The quaterpolymer P (3HB-co-LA-co-3HHx-co-3HO) was produced by expression in P. putida. The P. putida phaC mutant strain produced this type of polymer the most efficiently with polymer content of 42% DCW when cultured in defined media with the addition of sodium octanoate. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of the production of a range of different biopolymers using the same plasmid-based system in different backgrounds. In addition, it is the first time that the novel polymer (P(3HB-co-LA-co-3HHx-co-3HO)), has been reported being produced in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam T. Tran
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Trevor C. Charles
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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5
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Metabolic engineering for the synthesis of polyesters: A 100-year journey from polyhydroxyalkanoates to non-natural microbial polyesters. Metab Eng 2020; 58:47-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Biosynthesis of novel lactate-based polymers containing medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoates by recombinant Escherichia coli strains from glucose. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:191-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Choi SY, Cho IJ, Lee Y, Park S, Lee SY. Biocatalytic synthesis of polylactate and its copolymers by engineered microorganisms. Methods Enzymol 2019; 627:125-162. [PMID: 31630738 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactate), also called poly(lactic acid) or poly(lactide) [PLA], has been one of the most attractive bio-based polymers since it possesses desirable material properties for its use in general performance plastics in addition to biodegradability and biocompatibility. PLA has been produced by biological and chemical hybrid process comprising microbial fermentation for lactate (LA) production followed by purification and chemical polymerization process of LA. Recently, the direct one-step fermentative processes for production of PLA and several LA-containing polyesters have been developed by employing metabolically engineered microorganisms. Since natural microorganisms cannot produce the LA-containing polymers, several engineering strategies have been employed together based on the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis system. In this chapter, we summarize strategies and procedures on developing the engineered microorganisms producing PLA and its copolymers, cultivating the cells, and extracting the polymers from the cells. Focuses were given on construction of enzymatic polymerization process of LA: design of metabolic pathway for PLA by mimicking PHA biosynthetic pathway, examination of possible enzymes, and engineering of the enzymes for better performances. This synthetic pathway has been established in a microorganism producing LA that enabled one-step fermentative production of LA-containing polyesters from carbohydrates derived from renewable biomass. Polymer production has been further enhanced by implementing strain engineering to concentrate the metabolic fluxes toward PLA formation. In addition, various monomers such as glycolate, 2-hydroxybutyrate, and phenyllactate have been copolymerized with LA by the microbial system. These fermentative production systems developed by using the engineered microorganisms can be versatile and sustainable platforms for the production of LA-containing polyesters and other non-natural polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Applied Science Research Institute, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Applied Science Research Institute, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Lee Y, Cho IJ, Choi SY, Lee SY. Systems Metabolic Engineering Strategies for Non-Natural Microbial Polyester Production. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800426. [PMID: 30851138 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plastics, used everyday, are mostly synthetic polymers derived from fossil resources, and their accumulation is becoming a serious concern worldwide. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are naturally produced polyesters synthesized and intracellularly accumulated by many different microorganisms. PHAs are good alternatives to petroleum-based plastics because they possess a wide range of material properties depending on monomer types and molecular weights. In addition, PHAs are biodegradable and can be produced from renewable biomass. Thus, producing PHAs through the development of high-performance engineered microorganisms and efficient bioprocesses gained much interest. In addition, non-natural polyesters comprising 2-hydroxycarboxylic acids as monomers have been produced by fermentation of metabolically engineered bacteria. For example, poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid), which have been chemically synthesized using the corresponding monomers either fermentatively or chemically produced, can be produced by metabolically engineered bacteria by one-step fermentation. Recently, PHAs containing aromatic monomers could be produced by fermentation of metabolically engineered bacteria. Here, metabolic engineering strategies applied in developing microbial strains capable of producing non-natural polyesters in a stepwise manner are reviewed. It is hoped that the detailed strategies described will be helpful for designing metabolic engineering strategies for developing diverse microbial strains capable of producing various polymers that can replace petroleum-derived polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjoon Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - In J Cho
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - So Y Choi
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Applied Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Y Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Applied Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,BioInformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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9
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Ren Y, Meng D, Wu L, Chen J, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Microbial synthesis of a novel terpolyester P(LA-co-3HB-co-3HP) from low-cost substrates. Microb Biotechnol 2016; 10:371-380. [PMID: 27860284 PMCID: PMC5328817 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactide (PLA) is a bio-based plastic commonly synthesized by chemical catalytic reaction using lactic acid (LA) as a substrate. Here, novel LA-containing terpolyesters, namely, P[LA-co-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB)-co-3-hydroxypropionate (3HP)], short as PLBP, were successfully synthesized for the first time by a recombinant Escherichia coli harbouring polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase from Pseudomonas stutzeri (PhaC1Ps ) with 4-point mutations at E130D, S325T, S477G and Q481K, and 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA (3HP-CoA) synthesis pathway from glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (3HB-CoA) as well as lactyl-CoA (LA-CoA) pathways from glucose. Combining these pathways with the PHA synthase mutant phaC1Ps (E130D S325T S477G Q481K), the random terpolyester P(LA-co-3HB-co-3HP), or PLBP, was structurally confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance to consist of 2 mol% LA, 90 mol% 3HB, and 8 mol% 3HP respectively. Remarkably, the PLBP terpolyester was produced from low-cost sustainable glycerol and glucose. Monomer ratios of PLBP could be regulated by ratios of glycerol to glucose. Other terpolyester thermal and mechanical properties can be manipulated by adjusting the monomer ratios. More PLBP applications are to be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Ren
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dechuan Meng
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Linping Wu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchun Chen
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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10
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Chen GQ, Jiang XR, Guo Y. Synthetic biology of microbes synthesizing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Synth Syst Biotechnol 2016; 1:236-242. [PMID: 29062949 PMCID: PMC5625728 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have been produced as bioplastics for various purposes. Under the support of China National Basic Research 973 Project, we developed synthetic biology methods to diversify the PHA structures into homo-, random, block polymers with improved properties to better meet various application requirements. At the same time, various pathways were assembled to produce various PHA from glucose as a simple carbon source. At the end, Halomonas bacteria were reconstructed to produce PHA in changing morphology for low cost production under unsterile and continuous conditions. The synthetic biology will advance the PHA into a bio- and material industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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11
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Tajima K, Iwamoto K, Satoh Y, Sakai R, Satoh T, Dairi T. Advanced functionalization of polyhydroxyalkanoate via the UV-initiated thiol-ene click reaction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4375-83. [PMID: 26743654 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) incorporating vinyl-bearing 3-hydroxyalkanoates were prepared in 8.5-12.9 g L(-1) yield. The molar ratios (0-16 mol%) of the vinyl-bearing 3-hydroxyalkanoate derivatives were controlled by the continuous feeding of undecylenate at various concentrations. Subsequently, the PHAs were functionalized by UV-initiated thiol-ene click reaction and chemical modification. (1)H NMR spectra suggested that 3-mercaptopropionic acid and 2-aminoethanethiol were successfully introduced into the vinyl-bearing PHA. Subsequently, chemical modification using fluorescein or a fibronectin active fragment (GRGDS) was attempted. The former yielded a PHA derivative capable of emitting fluorescence under UV irradiation, which was useful for determining the miscibility of PHA in a composite film comprising poly-ʟ-lactic acid (PLLA) and PHA. In the latter case, PHA bearing GRGDS peptides exhibited cell adhesiveness, suggesting that its biocompatibility was improved upon peptide introduction. Taken together, the UV-initiated thiol-ene click reaction was demonstrated to be useful in PHA modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tajima
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Iwamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.,Department of Materials Chemistry, Asahikawa National College of Technology, Asahikawa, 071-8142, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tohru Dairi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
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12
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13
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Yang JE, Choi SY, Shin JH, Park SJ, Lee SY. Microbial production of lactate-containing polyesters. Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:621-36. [PMID: 23718266 PMCID: PMC3815930 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to our increasing concerns on environmental problems and limited fossil resources, biobased production of chemicals and materials through biorefinery has been attracting much attention. Optimization of the metabolic performance of microorganisms, the key biocatalysts for the efficient production of the desired target bioproducts, has been achieved by metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering allowed more efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates, a family of microbial polyesters. More recently, non-natural polyesters containing lactate as a monomer have also been produced by one-step fermentation of engineered bacteria. Systems metabolic engineering integrating traditional metabolic engineering with systems biology, synthetic biology, protein/enzyme engineering through directed evolution and structural design, and evolutionary engineering, enabled microorganisms to efficiently produce natural and non-natural products. Here, we review the strategies for the metabolic engineering of microorganisms for the in vivo biosynthesis of lactate-containing polyesters and for the optimization of whole cell metabolism to efficiently produce lactate-containing polyesters. Also, major problems to be solved to further enhance the production of lactate-containing polyesters are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Yang
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - So Young Choi
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Shin
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy (Undergraduate program), Myongji UniversitySan 38-2, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggido, 449-728, Korea
- Department of Energy Science and Technology (Graduate program), Myongji UniversitySan 38-2, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggido, 449-728, Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
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Tabata Y, Abe H. Effects of composition and sequential structure on thermal properties for copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and lactate units. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Nduko JM, Matsumoto K, Ooi T, Taguchi S. Effectiveness of xylose utilization for high yield production of lactate-enriched P(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) using a lactate-overproducing strain of Escherichia coli and an evolved lactate-polymerizing enzyme. Metab Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Advanced bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates: Towards a versatile and sustainable platform for unnatural tailor-made polyesters. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1196-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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In vitro synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) incorporating lactate (LA) with a block sequence by using a newly engineered thermostable PHA synthase from Pseudomonas sp. SG4502 with acquired LA-polymerizing activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:365-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Nduko JM, Matsumoto K, Taguchi S. Biological Lactate-Polymers Synthesized by One-Pot Microbial Factory: Enzyme and Metabolic Engineering. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1105.ch014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Masani Nduko
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ken’ichiro Matsumoto
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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19
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Biosynthesis of glycolate-based polyesters containing medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoates in recombinant Escherichia coli expressing engineered polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase. J Biotechnol 2011; 156:214-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Park SJ, Lee SY, Kim TW, Jung YK, Yang TH. Biosynthesis of lactate-containing polyesters by metabolically engineered bacteria. Biotechnol J 2011; 7:199-212. [PMID: 22057878 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to increasing concerns about environmental problems, climate change and limited fossil resources, bio-based production of chemicals and polymers is gaining attention as one of the solutions to these problems. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters that can be produced by microbial fermentation. PHAs are synthesized using monomer precursors provided from diverse metabolic pathways and are accumulated as distinct granules inside the cells. On the other hand, most so-called bio-based polymers including polybutylene succinate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, and polylactic acid (PLA) are synthesized by a chemical process using monomers produced by fermentation. PLA, an attractive biomass-derived plastic, is currently synthesized by heavy metal-catalyzed ring opening polymerization of L-lactide that is made from fermentation-derived L-lactic acid. Recently, a complete biological process for the production of PLA and PLA copolymers from renewable resources has been developed by direct fermentation of recombinant bacteria employing PHA biosynthetic pathways coupled with a novel metabolic pathway. This could be accomplished by establishing a pathway for generating lactyl-CoA and engineering PHA synthase to accept lactyl-CoA as a substrate combined with systems metabolic engineering. In this article, we review recent advances in the production of lactate-containing homo- and co-polyesters. Challenges remaining to efficiently produce PLA and its copolymers and strategies to overcome these challenges through metabolic engineering combined with enzyme engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Jae Park
- Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Nduko JM, Suzuki W, Matsumoto K, Kobayashi H, Ooi T, Fukuoka A, Taguchi S. Polyhydroxyalkanoates production from cellulose hydrolysate in Escherichia coli LS5218 with superior resistance to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 113:70-2. [PMID: 21993429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly[3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate(3HV)] was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli LS5218 from ruthenium-catalyzed cellulose hydrolysate and propionate. The strain was found to be resistant to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), which is a major inhibitory byproduct generated in the cellulose hydrolysis reaction. The 3HV fraction was successfully regulated in the range of 5.6-40 mol%.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Masani Nduko
- Division of Biotechnology and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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Lactate fraction dependent mechanical properties of semitransparent poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate)s produced by control of lactyl-CoA monomer fluxes in recombinant Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2011; 154:255-60. [PMID: 21640144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the mechanical properties of poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(LA-co-3HB)] and its correlation with the LA fraction, P(LA-co-3HB)s with a variety of LA fractions were prepared using recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the LA-polymerizing enzyme and monomer supplying enzymes. The LA-overproducing mutant E. coli JW0885 with a pflA gene disruption was used for the LA-enriched polymer production. The LA fraction was also varied by jar-fermentor based fine-regulation of the anaerobic status of the culture conditions, resulting in LA fractions ranging from 4 to 47 mol%. In contrary to the opaque P(3HB) film, the copolymer films attained semitransparency depending on the LA fraction. Young's modulus values of the P(LA-co-3HB)s (from 148 to 905 MPa) were lower than those of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) (1020 MPa) and P(3HB) (1079 MPa). In addition, the value of elongation at break of the copolymer with 29 mol% LA reached 150%. In conclusion, P(LA-co-3HB)s were found to be a comparatively pliable and flexible material, differing from both of the rigid homopolymers.
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Shozui F, Matsumoto K, Motohashi R, Sun J, Satoh T, Kakuchi T, Taguchi S. Biosynthesis of a lactate (LA)-based polyester with a 96mol% LA fraction and its application to stereocomplex formation. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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MATSUMOTO K, TAGUCHI S. One-pot Production of Lactate-Based Polyesters Using Engineered Microbes Expressing Lactate-Polymerizing Enzyme. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2011. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.68.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Current advances in microbial cell factories for lactate-based polyesters driven by lactate-polymerizing enzymes: Towards the further creation of new LA-based polyesters. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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