Properties stability and biodegradation behaviors of soy protein isolate/poly (vinyl alcohol) blend films

Polyvinyl alcohol films incorporated with clove essential oil emulsions stabilized by soy protein isolate-derived amyloid fibrils: Fabrication, characterization, and its application for active packaging

This study aimed to prepare a novel emulsion film with high stability, using soy protein-derived amyloid fibrils (SAFs) as an emulsifier incorporating clove essential oil (CEO) as the active component, and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to stabilize the system. The results demonstrated that SAFs can successfully stabilize CEO. Emulsion prepared by SAFS and CEO (SAC) exhibited a small droplet size and better dispersibility compared with SPI and CEO (SC) emulsion. According to FT-IR results, PVA addition increased the hydrogen bond interactions among emulsion film components, thus further reinforcing the protein matrix, increasing the tensile strength (TS) (41.18 MPa) and elongation at break (E) (121.62 %) of the films. The uniform appearance of SAC-PVA (SACP) emulsion films was confirmed by SEM images. Furthermore, SACP emulsion films show distinctive barrier properties, optical properties, and outstanding antioxidant properties. Finally, emulsion films exhibited excellent preservation of strawberries, resulting in an effective decline of the decay rate.

Research Advances in the High-Value Utilization of Peanut Meal Resources and Its Hydrolysates: A Review

Peanut meal (PM) is a by-product of extracting oil from peanut kernels. Although peanut meal contains protein, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and small amounts of polyphenols and fiber, it has long been used as a feed in the poultry and livestock industries due to its coarse texture and unpleasant taste. It is less commonly utilized in the food processing industry. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research conducted on the deep processing of by-products from oil crops, resulting in the high-value processing and utilization of by-products from various oil crops. These include peanut meal, which undergoes treatments such as enzymatic hydrolysis in industries like food, chemical, and aquaculture. The proteins, lipids, polyphenols, fibers, and other components present in these by-products and hydrolysates can be incorporated into products for further utilization. This review focuses on the research progress in various fields, such as the food processing, breeding, and industrial fields, regarding the high-value utilization of peanut meal and its hydrolysates. The aim is to provide valuable insights and strategies for maximizing the utilization of peanut meal resources.

Electrospun, sepiolite-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/soy protein isolate nanofibers: Preparation, characterization, and their drug release behavior

Wound management and drug release are important applications for electrospun nanofibers. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/soy protein isolate (PVA/SPI) nanofiber mats were produced by electrospinning and used as drug carriers. The mats were loaded with ketoprofen by dissolving the drug in the solutions for nanofiber electrospinning. To improve drug release control of the nanofiber mats, a natural tubular nanoparticle, sepiolite, was used as a secondary release control tool. Three types of nanofiber mats were fabricated by electrospinning the solutions prepared by 1) direct mixing of PVA, SPI, and ketoprofen, 2) direct mixing of PVA, SPI, sepiolite, and ketoprofen, and 3) mixing PVA, SPI, and ketoprofen-preloaded sepiolite. The drug release behavior of the mats was studied using UV-vis spectroscopy and the mechanical properties of the mats were investigated by tensile testing. The results showed that sepiolite had a high impact on the release of ketoprofen, with the drug-loaded sepiolite leading to the slowest release. The incorporation of SPI and sepiolite into the PVA nanofibers also increased the mechanical strength of the mats, making them easier to handle and potentially longer-lasting. This study demonstrated the potential of using natural biomaterials and nanomaterials as the components of controlled-release drug delivery vehicles.

Effect of storage condition on the physico-chemical properties of corn-wheat starch/zein edible bilayer films

The functional properties of biopolymer-based film packaging materials are susceptible to external storage conditions. The effects of different storage temperature, relative humidity (RH) and duration on the apparent form, barrier properties, mechanical properties and microstructure of corn-wheat starch/zein bilayer films were studied. From 0 to 150 days, storage temperature and RH, but not storage time, affected the appearance and colour of the bilayer films. The increase in haze of the bilayer films stored at 25°C was much greater than that at low temperatures. With increased storage time, the moisture content first increased and then decreased, while the water resistance and oxygen barrier properties of the bilayer films worsened. After 150 days, the bilayer film stored at 25°C with 54% RH had better water resistance properties. The oxygen barrier properties of the bilayer film stored at 25°C with 43% RH were preferable to those of other groups because the peroxide value of vegetable oil packed in the former bilayer film was the lowest. The tensile strength of bilayer films stored at 25°C with RH of 43, 54 and 65% decreased, but was still better than those stored at low temperatures (-17°C, 4°C), which were tough due to their high elongation at break. Scanning electron microscopy results showed tight bonds between the bilayer films, and the network structure inside the films disappeared and reappeared during storage. The cross-sectional compactness changed, and there was no film separation after 150 days.

Polyvinyl alcohol/soy protein isolate nanofibrous patch for wound-healing applications

Soy protein isolate (SPI), due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, abundance and being inexpensive, is a suitable polymer for medical applications. In this study, electrospun nanofibrous mats (ENMs) and casting films (CFs), comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/SPI, were prepared and compared. Both crosslinked ENMs and CFs physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties were investigated for wound-healing applications. Considering the importance of exudate absorption by wound dressing the uptake test of all samples was performed in simulated exudate solution. The amount of absorbed exudate, water vapor transmission rate, and mechanical elongation for CFs were 69.243% ± 22.7, 266.7 g/m² day, and 2.0825% and increased to 383.33% ± 105.3, 1332.02 g/m² day, and 12.292% in the case of ENMs, respectively. There was no significant difference between cell supporting of the two samples due to similar composition and their non-toxic properties. The results showed that ENMs have promising potential in wound-healing applications.

Fabrication, properties and applications of soy-protein-based materials: A review

The environmental crisis caused by the use of petroleum-based nondegradable polymers and the impending petroleum finite resources have directly threatened human being's sustainable development. Therefore, ecofriendly polymers based on natural renewable resources are attracting more and more attention. As the byproducts of soy oil industries, soy protein, is regarded as a viable alternative for petroleum-based polymeric products. In order to improve the physical properties, especially the mechanical properties and water resistance that limit their extensive applications, different modifications were adopted. Among these efforts, incorporating nanoparticles and blending with other polymers are proved to be effective ways. The properties of the resulting materials are highly dependent on the processing methods, nature of the components, dispersion status and the compatibility. This review intends to provide a clear overview on preparation, properties, and applications of soy-protein-based materials. These biodegradable materials will find more and more potential applications in biodegradable foams, edible films, packaging materials, biomedical materials, etc.

In Vitro Screening of Bioactive Compounds in some Gluten-Free Plants

Electrophoretic, antioxidant, and FTIR profiles of some varieties of amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat seeds and their by products were compared. Water extracts of these products were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteau method in order to determine total phenolic content. The antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2'-azobis-2-methyl-propanimidamide, ferric-reducing/antioxidant power, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity radical scavenging assays. FTIR spectra showed the secondary structure of pseudocereals in the ranges of amides I, II, and III shifts. Results of evaluated methods could be used to control several products (seeds, flours, extracts, flakes, roasting) with high phenolic content and antioxidant activity suitable for supplementation in food applications. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.

Functional properties and structure changes of soybean protein isolate after subcritical water treatment

Subcritical water is an emerging method in food industry. In this study, soybean protein isolate (SPI) was treated by subcritical water (SBW) at various temperatures (0, 120, 160, 200 °C) for 20 min. The changes in the appearances, physicochemical properties and structural changes were investigated. After SBW treatment, the color of SPI solution modified turned to be yellow. The mean particle size and turbidity of SPI had similar behaviors. The mean particle size was decreased from 263.7 nm to 116.8 nm at 120 °C and then reached the maximum at 160 °C (1446.1 nm) due to the aggregation of protein. Then it was decreased to 722.9 nm at 200 °C caused by the protein degradation. SBW treatment could significantly enhance the solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties of SPI. With increasing temperature, the crystalline structure of protein was gradually collapsed. The degradation of the protein advanced structure occurred, especially at 200 °C revealed by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. Better functional properties exhibited in hydrolysis products indicating that SBW treatment could be used as a good method to modify the properties of soy proteins isolate for specific purposes under appropriate treatment condition.

Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of the Kenaf/Soy Protein Isolate-PVA Biocomposites

The effective utilization of original natural fibers as indispensable components in natural resins for developing novel, low-cost, eco-friendly biocomposites is one of the most rapidly emerging fields of research in fiber-reinforced composite. The objective of this study is to investigate the interfacial adhesion properties, water absorption, biodegradation properties, and mechanical properties of the kenaf/soy protein isolate- (SPI-) PVA composite. Experimental results showed that 20 wt% poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and 8 wt% glutaraldehyde (GA) created optimum conditions for the consolidation of the composite. The increase of interfacial shear strength enhanced the composites flexural and tensile strength of the kenaf/SPI-PVA composite. The kenaf/SPI-PVA mechanical properties of the composite also increased with the content of cross-linking agent. Results of the biodegradation test indicated that the degradation time of the composite could be controlled by the cross-linking agent. The degradation rate of the kenaf/SPI-PVA composite with the cross-linking agent was lower than that of the composite without the cross-linking agent.

Biodegradable soy protein isolate-based materials: a review

Recently, there is an increasing interest of using bio-based polymers instead of conventional petroleum-based polymers to fabricate biodegradable materials. Soy protein isolate (SPI), a protein with reproducible resource, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and processability, has a significant potential in the food industry, agriculture, bioscience, and biotechnology. Up to now, several technologies have been applied to prepare SPI-based materials with equivalent or superior physical and mechanical properties compared with petroleum-based materials. The aim of this review is focused on discussion of the advantages and limitations of native SPI as well as the bulk and surface modification strategies for SPI. Moreover, some applications of SPI-based materials, especially for food preservation and packaging technology, were discussed.