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1
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Liu L, Wang Y, Cheng C, Lyu S, Zhu Z. Preparation of phosphorus-doped chitosan derivative and its applications in polylactic acid: Crystallization, flame retardancy, anti-dripping and mechanical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130648. [PMID: 38460640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The topic of biobased flame-retardant PLA has always been of great interest. In our study, we successfully synthesized a phosphorus-containing chitosan derivative (PCS) and combined it with aluminum hypophosphate (AP) to create an effective flame-retardant PLA system. PCS acted as an enhancer, enhancing the thermal performance, crystallinity, and toughness of PLA/AP. Compared to PLA modified with 12 wt% AP achieving UL-94 V-2 level and 24.3 % of limited oxygen index, PLA containing 3 wt% PCS and 9 wt% AP achieved UL-94 V-0 level and limited oxygen index of 28 %. The system testing studies such as CCT, Raman, XPS, and TG-IR results indicated that PLA/AP/PCS exhibited a dual flame-retardant mechanism of condensed and gas phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Yadong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Chunzu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Textile Academy, Beijing 100025, China
| | - Shisheng Lyu
- College of Art and Design, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Zongmin Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China.
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2
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Li J, Zhao H, Liu H, Sun J, Wu J, Liu Q, Zheng Y, Zheng P. Recent advances in metal-family flame retardants: a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22639-22662. [PMID: 37502822 PMCID: PMC10369043 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03536k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of polymer materials is inextricably linked to our manufacturing life. However, most of them are easily combusted in the air and the combustion process generates a large amount of toxic fumes and dangerous smoke. This can result in injuries and property damage, as well as limiting their use. It is essential to enhance the flame-retardant properties and smoke suppression performance by using multiple flame retardants. Metal-based flame retardants have a unique chemical composition. They are environmentally friendly flame retardants, which can impart good smoke suppression, flame retardancy to polymers and further reduce the production of toxic gases. The differences in the compounds formed between the transition metals and the main group metals make them act differently as flame retardants for polymers. As a result, this study presents the research progress and flame-retardant mechanism of flame-retardant polymers for flame retardants from different groups of metals in the periodic table of elements in a systematic manner. In view of the differences between the main group metals and transition metals, the mechanism of their application in flame retardant polymer materials is carefully detailed, as are their distinct advantages and disadvantages. And ultimately, prospects for the development of transition metals and main group metals are outlined. It is hoped that this paper will provide valuable references and insights for scholars in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Haihan Zhao
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Huaiyin Liu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Jichang Sun
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 P. R. China
| | - Penglun Zheng
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Guanghan 618307 P. R. China
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3
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Gao Q, Zhao H, Zhou XL, Liu FY, Jiao YH, Xie JX, Qu HQ, Xu JZ, Ma HY. Flame retardant, combustion and thermal degradation properties of polypropylene composites treated with the mixture of pentaerythritol, nickel hydroxystannate and expandable graphite. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Chen S, Ai L, Zeng J, Liu P. Synergistic Flame‐Retardant Effect of an Aryl Boronic Acid Compound and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Epoxy Resins. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesRe- search Institute of Materials ScienceSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lianghui Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesRe- search Institute of Materials ScienceSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesRe- search Institute of Materials ScienceSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesRe- search Institute of Materials ScienceSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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5
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Pan Y, Zhao H. Preparation of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Coating Modified Polyethylene Terephthalate Fabric with Flame Retardancy and UV Protection based on ZnO Nanopaticles. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2018.1493123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pan
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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6
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7
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Hou Y, Hu W, Zhou X, Gui Z, Hu Y. Vertically Aligned Nickel 2-Methylimidazole Metal–Organic Framework Fabricated from Graphene Oxides for Enhancing Fire Safety of Polystyrene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Zhou Gui
- State
Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
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8
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Wang PJ, Hu XP, Liao DJ, Wen Y, Hull TR, Miao F, Zhang QT. Dual Fire Retardant Action: The Combined Gas and Condensed Phase Effects of Azo-Modified NiZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide on Intumescent Polypropylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ji Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Hu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Dui-Jun Liao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wen
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - T. Richard Hull
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Fei Miao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Tong Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
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9
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Shen Y, Gong W, Zheng B, Meng X, Gao L. Synergistic effect of Ni-based bimetallic catalyst with intumescent flame retardant on flame retardancy and thermal stability of polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Xu L, Lei C, Xu R, Zhang X, Zhang F. Functionalization of α-zirconium phosphate by polyphosphazene and its effect on the flame retardance of an intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15382h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
α-ZrP was combined with polyphosphazene and formed a core–shell structure, which has a significant synergistic flame retardant performance in polypropylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Caihong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Kingfa Science and Technology Company, Limited
- Guangzhou 510520
- PR China
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11
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12
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Song R, Ren Z. Effects of the addition of carbon black on the carbonization and flame retardancy of polypropylene in combination with nickel-molybdenum-magnesium catalysts. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Song
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame-Retardant Materials, College of Science; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengru Ren
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame-Retardant Materials, College of Science; Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040 People's Republic of China
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13
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Zhang Y, Peng RQ, Zhou GD, Fang ZP, Li XN. Flammability characterization and effects of magnesium oxide in halogen-free flame-retardant EVA blends. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Peng H, Hao J. Catalyzing charring effect of solid acid boron phosphate on dipentaerythritol during the thermal degradation and combustion. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Zhang Y, Li X, Cao Z, Fang Z, Hull TR, Stec AA. Synthesis of Zinc Phosphonated Poly(ethylene imine) and Its Fire-Retardant Effect in Low-Density Polyethylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504200y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Lab
of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Lab
of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhenhu Cao
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization,
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhengping Fang
- Lab
of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization,
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - T. Richard Hull
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Anna A. Stec
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
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16
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Gao TT, Li ZW, Yu LG, Zhang ZJ. Preparation of zinc hydroxystannate nanocomposites coated by organophosphorus and investigation of their effect on mechanical properties and flame retardancy of poly(vinyl chloride). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel organic–inorganic nanohybrid flame retardant was prepared. The organic flame retardant could not only surface modify to the inorganic flame retardant but also improve flame retardancy of inorganic flame retardant with the synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Gao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- P. R. China
| | - Lai-Gui Yu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- P. R. China
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17
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Iman M, Manhar AK, Mandal M, Maji TK. Preparation and characterization of zinc oxide and nanoclay reinforced crosslinked starch/jute green nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04832f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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18
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Sheng Y, Li P, Chen Y. The Synergistic Effect of Transition Metal Nitrate in Polypropylene/Magnesium Hydroxide Flame Retarded Composite. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Pingli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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19
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Ding W, Li J, Tao K. Char strengthened by carbon microspheres formed in situ during combustion of IFR/EVA composites catalyzed by solid super acid. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04255g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Zhang S, Jiang P, Liu X, Gu X, Zhao Q, Hu Z, Tang W. Effects of kaolin on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polypropylene composite. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xishan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhongwu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wufei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
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21
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Liao F, Zhou L, Ju Y, Yang Y, Wang X. Synthesis of A Novel Phosphorus–Nitrogen-Silicon Polymeric Flame Retardant and Its Application in Poly(lactic acid). Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5008745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yaqing Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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22
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Yang K, Xu MJ, Li B. Synthesis of N-ethyl triazine–piperazine copolymer and flame retardancy and water resistance of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Hong-zhen W, Ya-wei Q, Jin-yong D. DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF POLYPROPYLENE b POLYPHOSPHATE BLOCK COPOLYMERS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Self-extinguishing polypropylene with a mass fraction of 9% intumescent additive - A new physical way for enhancing the fire retardant efficiency. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Su X, Yi Y, Tao J, Qi H. Synergistic effect of zinc hydroxystannate with intumescent flame-retardants on fire retardancy and thermal behavior of polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Devi RR, Maji TK. Effect of Nano-ZnO on Thermal, Mechanical, UV Stability, and Other Physical Properties of Wood Polymer Composites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2018383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R. Devi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, India
| | - Tarun K. Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, India
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27
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Wen X, Gong J, Yu H, Liu Z, Wan D, Liu J, Jiang Z, Tang T. Catalyzing carbonization of poly(l-lactide) by nanosized carbon black combined with Ni2O3 for improving flame retardancy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33689h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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