1
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Fan X, Li S, Wang C, Deng Y, Zhang C, Wang Z. Research on Fluoropyridine-based Benzoxazine with High Thermal Stability and Excellent Flame Retardancy for its Application in Coatings. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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2
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Toward a deep understanding of the difference between isotactic and syndiotactic polypropylene on the fire performance and degradation behavior. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Thermally Resistant, Self-Extinguishing Thermoplastic Composites Enabled by Tannin-Based Carbonaceous Particulate. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183743. [PMID: 36145887 PMCID: PMC9504668 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flame-resistant materials are key components in buildings and several other engineering applications. In this study, flame retardancy and thermal stability were conferred to a highly flammable technical thermoplastic—polypropylene (PP)—upon compositing with a carbonaceous tannin-based particulate (CTP). Herein, we report on a straightforward, facile, and green approach to prepare self-extinguishing thermoplastic composites by thermoblending highly recalcitrant particulate. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composites are tethered to the CTP content. We demonstrate that the addition of up to 65 wt% of CTP improved the viscoelastic properties and hydrophobicity of the PP, whereas having marginal effects on bulk water interactions. Most importantly, compositing with CTP remarkably improved the thermal stability of the composites, especially over 300 °C, which is an important threshold associated with the combustion of volatiles. PP-CTP composites demonstrated great capacity to limit and stop fire propagation. Therefore, we offer an innovative route towards thermally resistant and self-extinguishing PP composites, which is enabled by sustainable tannin-based flame retardants capable of further broadening the technical range of commodity polyolefins to high temperature scenarios.
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4
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Li Y, Qi L, Liu Y, Qiao J, Wang M, Liu X, Li S. Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142876. [PMID: 35890652 PMCID: PMC9322620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leijie Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junjie Qiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Maotao Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Shasha Li
- State Grid Hebei Baoding Electric Power Company Limited, Baoding 071051, China;
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5
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Fan T, Liu Z, Ouyang J, Li P. Preparation of an Intelligent Oleophobic Hydrogel and Its Application in the Replacement of Locally Damaged Oil Pipelines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52018-52027. [PMID: 33156987 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the pipeline transportation process for crude oil, the most important and popular maintenance method for perforated and ruptured oil pipelines is the replacement of the damaged pipeline segment. However, this method has several disadvantages, including a complex process, large time consumption, and excessively high costs. The present study reported the preparation of a strong cross-linking hydrogel that served as a temporary blocking material during the long-distance oil pipeline partial replacement process. The prepared product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy to analyze the microscopic reactions and structures. Orthogonal experiments for shear stress were performed to determine the optimal synthesis condition. The relevant experiments indicated that the proposed product can effectively isolate oil and oil gas, and a 4.5 m long hydrogel can resist the force of a 0.57 MPa overpressure. The blocked pipeline turned to a dredged state on changing the pipeline pressure. The flame resistance experiment showed that the hydrogel exhibited excellent flame resistance and could therefore ensure the safety of the hot work. On the basis of this hydrogel material, a new method for replacing the partially damaged oil pipeline was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiting Ouyang
- School of physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pengliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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6
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Chen Z, Jiang J, Yu Y, Chen G, Chen T, Zhang Q. Layer‐by‐layer
assembled bagasse to enhance the fire safety of epoxy resin: A renewable environmental friendly flame retardant. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Qingwu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
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7
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Fan T, Liu Z, Ouyang J, Li M. Synthesis and performance characterization of an efficient coal dust suppressant for synergistic combustion with coal dust. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 269:110854. [PMID: 32561025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coal dust diffusion during coal transportation and storage causes serious environmental pollution. The existing dust suppressant in previous studies was unable to achieve the expected effects owing to severe wind damage and rain erosion. Therefore, the current study synthesized and prepared an efficient and applicable dust suppressant for coal transportation and storage. Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope experiments were conducted during the synthesis to analyze the microstructure changes in the synthetic products. Moreover, viscosity was used as the evaluation index in the single-factor experiments to obtain the optimal synthesis conditions. Performance measurement results showed that the prepared dust suppressant had a strong protective effect on coal powder and could effectively resist the impact of wind damage and rain erosion. Compared with other dust suppressants, the proposed dust suppressant prepared showed more evident positive effects and longer lasting action time in the quantitative test. Moreover, the dried product could synergistically combust with coal powder, thereby possibly mitigating the tedious post-treatment process and increasing the utilization rate of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiting Ouyang
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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8
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Seidi F, Movahedifar E, Naderi G, Akbari V, Ducos F, Shamsi R, Vahabi H, Saeb MR. Flame Retardant Polypropylenes: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081701. [PMID: 32751298 PMCID: PMC7464193 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) is a commodity plastic known for high rigidity and crystallinity, which is suitable for a wide range of applications. However, high flammability of PP has always been noticed by users as a constraint; therefore, a variety of additives has been examined to make PP flame-retardant. In this work, research papers on the flame retardancy of PP have been comprehensively reviewed, classified in terms of flame retardancy, and evaluated based on the universal dimensionless criterion of Flame Retardancy Index (FRI). The classification of additives of well-known families, i.e., phosphorus-based, nitrogen-based, mineral, carbon-based, bio-based, and hybrid flame retardants composed of two or more additives, was reflected in FRI mirror calculated from cone calorimetry data, whatever heat flux and sample thickness in a given series of samples. PP composites were categorized in terms of flame retardancy performance as Poor, Good, or Excellent cases. It also attempted to correlate other criteria like UL-94 and limiting oxygen index (LOI) with FRI values, giving a broad view of flame retardancy performance of PP composites. The collected data and the conclusions presented in this survey should help researchers working in the field to select the best additives among possibilities for making the PP sufficiently flame-retardant for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Elnaz Movahedifar
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Ghasem Naderi
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Vahideh Akbari
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
| | - Franck Ducos
- Université de Lorraine, IUT de Moselle Est, IUTSGM, 57600 Forbach, France;
| | - Ramin Shamsi
- Research and Development Center, Marun Petrochemical Company, Mahshahr 63531 69311, Iran;
| | - Henri Vahabi
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
- Correspondence: (H.V.); or (M.R.S.); Tel.: +33-(0)38-793-9186 (H.V.); +98-912-826-4307 (M.R.S.); Fax: +33-(0)38-793-9101 (H.V.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
- Correspondence: (H.V.); or (M.R.S.); Tel.: +33-(0)38-793-9186 (H.V.); +98-912-826-4307 (M.R.S.); Fax: +33-(0)38-793-9101 (H.V.)
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9
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Zheng Z, Liu Y, Dai B, Meng C, Guo Z. Synergistic effect of organically modified zinc aluminum layered double hydroxide in intumescent flame‐retarding polypropylene composites containing melamine phytate and dipentaerythritol. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaihang Zheng
- School of Chemical EngineeringChangchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education)Jilin University Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- School of Chemical EngineeringChangchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Boya Dai
- School of Chemical EngineeringChangchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Meng
- School of Chemical EngineeringChangchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxue Guo
- School of Chemical EngineeringChangchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
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10
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Wu C, Wang X, Zhang J, Cheng J, Shi L. Microencapsulation and Surface Functionalization of Ammonium Polyphosphate via In-Situ Polymerization and Thiol–Ene Photograted Reaction for Application in Flame-Retardant Natural Rubber. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Pallmann J, Ren Y, Mahltig B, Huo T. Phosphorylated sodium alginate/APP/DPER intumescent flame retardant used for polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pallmann
- School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University 300387, Tianjin China
- Hochschule NiederrheinUniversity of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Textile and Clothing Technology 41065, Mönchengladbach Germany
| | - Yuan‐Lin Ren
- School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University 300387, Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite, Ministry of EducationTianjin Polytechnic University 300387, Tianjin China
| | - Boris Mahltig
- Hochschule NiederrheinUniversity of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Textile and Clothing Technology 41065, Mönchengladbach Germany
| | - Tong‐Guo Huo
- School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University 300387, Tianjin China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite, Ministry of EducationTianjin Polytechnic University 300387, Tianjin China
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12
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Ding S, Liu P, Gao C, Wang F, Ding Y, Zhang S, Yang M. Synergistic effect of cocondensed nanosilica in intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyin Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Chemical Science; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Chong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Feng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Yanfen Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Mingshu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Chemical Science; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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13
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Surface modification of magnesium hydroxide and its application in flame‐retardant oil‐extended styrene–ethylene–butadiene–styrene/polypropylene composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Chen Y, Li L, Qian L. The pyrolysis behaviors of phosphorus-containing organosilicon compound modified ammonium polyphosphate with different phosphorus-containing groups, and their different flame-retardant mechanisms in polyurethane foam. RSC Adv 2018; 8:27470-27480. [PMID: 35539965 PMCID: PMC9083884 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two phosphorus-containing organosilicon compounds (PCOCs) with similar structure but different phosphorus-containing groups (phenyl phosphate group, PCOC1; phenylphosphoryl group, PCOC2) were synthesized. They were used to modify ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and the products obtained were coded as MAPP1 and MAPP2. Then MAPP1 and MAPP2 were respectively incorporated into low-density rigid polyurethane foam (LD-RPUF). The pyrolysis behavior of these two kinds of MAPP was investigated. Results showed that PCOC2, with the phenylphosphoryl group, induced the decomposition of APP, leading to early and rapid decomposition of MAPP2 with the release of NH3 in a short time and the formation of crosslinked structure quickly. Simultaneously, the phosphorus of MAPP2 was all retained in the condensed phase. In contrast, PCOC1, with the phenyl phosphate group, also induced the decomposition of APP. However, not all the phosphorus-containing groups of MAPP1 were retained in the condensed phase; some of the phosphorus was released into the gas phase in the form of PO2· and PO· free radicals. Evaluation of the flame-retardant effect by means of the cone calorimeter test demonstrated that MAPP2 had better flame-retardant properties in the LD-RPUF system, including the reduction of peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke release. Moreover, the char yield of LD-RPUF/MAPP2 was more than that of LD-RPUF/MAPP1. Macro and micro photographs showed that MAPP2 can promote the LD-RPUF matrix to form an intumescent char layer with more complete and stable foam during the combustion process compared with MAPP1. Finally, a possible flame-retardant mechanism of MAPP1 and MAPP2 in LD-RPUF is proposed. The centralized release of nonflammable gas and quick formation of crosslinked structure increase the flame retardant properties of polyurethane foams.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- PR China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non-halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers
| | - Linshan Li
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- PR China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non-halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers
| | - Lijun Qian
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- PR China
- Engineering Laboratory of Non-halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers
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15
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Wang C, Wang Z, Li J. Synergistic effects of dual imidazolium polyoxometalates on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengle Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ningbo Zhejiang 315201 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ningbo Zhejiang 315201 People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ningbo Zhejiang 315201 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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16
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Depeng L, Chixiang L, Xiulei J, Tao L, Ling Z. Synergistic effects of intumescent flame retardant and nano-CaCO3 on foamability and flame-retardant property of polypropylene composites foams. J CELL PLAST 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x17720157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic effects of intumescent flame retardant and nano-CaCO3 on foamability and flame retardant property of polypropylene composites and their foams were carefully investigated. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the intumescent flame retardant played a plasticizing effect on the polypropylene/intumescent flame-retardant composites and accelerated the crystallization rate. The rheological properties and supercritical CO2-assisted molding foaming behaviors of the polypropylene/intumescent flame retardant/nano-CaCO3 composites showed that the nano-CaCO3 could enhance their foamability. Scanning electron microscopy pictures and mechanical properties of the polypropylene/intumescent flame-retardant composites foams indicated that the agglomeration of intumescent flame retardant would reduce the cell uniformity and even cause the cell collapse. Furthermore, the stress concentration, caused by the agglomeration, could reduce the mechanical properties of the PP composites foams. The synergistic effect of the nano-CaCO3 could improve the cell uniformity and reduce the stress concentration so that the mechanical properties of the polypropylene/intumescent flame retardant /nano-CaCO3 composites foams were improved. Moreover, the polypropylene/intumescent flame retardant/nano-CaCO3 composites foams had the higher limit oxygen index values than the polypropylene/intumescent flame-retardant foams. TGA results also showed that the nano-CaCO3 could improve the thermal stability of the polypropylene composites foams by forming compact carbon layer. The experimental results indicated that the foamability of the polypropylene composites and the flame-retardant property of their foams could be improved by the synergistic effects of intumescent flame retardant and nano-CaCO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Depeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li Chixiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Xiulei
- Zhejiang Hengtai New Materials Co., Ltd, Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Liu Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
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17
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Prabhakar M, Rehman Shah AU, Song JI. Improved flame-retardant and tensile properties of thermoplastic starch/flax fabric green composites. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 168:201-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Jiao C, Wang H, Zhang Z, Chen X. Preparation and properties of an efficient smoke suppressant and flame-retardant agent for thermoplastic polyurethane. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Jiao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Zuobin Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
| | - Xilei Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao Shandong 266042 PR China
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19
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Li X, Tang S, Zhou X, Gu S, Huang K, Xu J, Wang X, Li Y. Synergistic effect of amino silane functional montmorillonite on intumescent flame-retarded SEBS and its mechanism. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Shawei Tang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Shengheng Gu
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- DSM Resolve; P.O. Box 18 Geleen 6160 MD The Netherlands
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
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Synthesis of a novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen and boron and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xu L, Lei C, Xu R, Zhang X, Zhang F. Functionalization of α-zirconium phosphate by polyphosphazene and its effect on the flame retardance of an intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15382h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
α-ZrP was combined with polyphosphazene and formed a core–shell structure, which has a significant synergistic flame retardant performance in polypropylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Caihong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Kingfa Science and Technology Company, Limited
- Guangzhou 510520
- PR China
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