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Kang MM, He X, Cui J, Wang J, Hu W, Zhu L, Shao ZB. Aldehyde-free and bio-based durable coatings for cellulose fabrics with high flame retardancy, antibacteria and well wearing performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128744. [PMID: 38123033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The bio-based coatings of cellulose fabrics (cotton) had attracted increasing attention for multifunction and sustainability but suffered from poor durability and low efficiency. Here, the aldehyde-free and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (CPZ@CF) with satisfactory flame retardancy, antibacteria as well as wearing performance were prepared through the interfacial coordination effect where the well-organized zinc phytate complex were in situ grew on the pre-treated surface of cotton fabrics with chitosan (CS) and Zn2+. The CZP@CF exhibited excellent antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 99.99 % antibacterial rates benefiting from the synergistic effect between Zn2+ and CS. Meanwhile, even the CPZ coatings loading was only 1.5 wt%, the fire safety of CZP@CF remarkably enhanced owing to the excellent synergistic catalytic charring and free radical capture. More importantly, the antibacterial rates of CZP@CF for S. aureus and E. coli still reached 99.99 % and 91.67 % after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, this treatment method did not deteriorate the fabrics properties, including mechanical and breathability as well as wearing performance, which provided the approach to fabricate the flame retardant and antibacterial textiles with well durability and wearing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Kang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingluan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Longxiang Zhu
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhu-Bao Shao
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
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2
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Du L, Wang S, Zhu P, Jiang Z. Eco-friendly phosphorus-free flame-retardant coating for microfiber synthetic leather via alginate-based layer-by-layer technology. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129007. [PMID: 38151082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The excellent comprehensive properties of microfiber synthetic leathers have led to their wide application in various aspects of our lives. However, the issue of flammability remains a significant challenge that needs to be addressed. Nowadays, the bio-based chemicals used in the flame-retardant materials have extremely grabbed our eyes. Herein, we developed an ecologically friendly flame-retardant microfiber synthetic leather using phosphorus-free layer-by-layer assembly technology (LBL) based on natural polysaccharide alginate (SA) coupled with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The effect of different LBL coating systems on the flame retardancy of microfiber synthetic leather was investigated. The results demonstrated that the introduction of APTES can completely inhibit the melt-dripping by enhancing char formation through silica elements. Furthermore, the trinary coating system consisting of SA/APTES/PEI exhibited excellent flame retardancy by combining gas-phase action from PEI and condensed-phase function from APTES. This modified microfiber synthetic leather showed a significantly higher limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 33.0 % with no molten droplet. Additionally, the SA-based coating slightly suppressed the heat release, resulting in a 20 % reduction in total heat release during the combustion test. Overall, this work presents a facile and environmentally-friendly approach for achieving flame-retardant and anti-dripping microfiber synthetic leather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Du
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhiming Jiang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Liu J, Qi P, Chen F, Li X, Zhang J, Qian L, Gu X, Sun J, Zhang S. Improving the hygroscopicity and flame retardancy of polyamide 6 fabrics by surface coating with β-FeOOH and sulfamic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139115. [PMID: 37270037 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The combustion of polyamide 6 (PA6) fabrics releases toxic smoke, which will pollute the environment and threaten human life and health. Herein, a novel eco-friendly flame-retardant coating was constructed and applied to PA6 fabrics. Needle-like β-FeOOH with a high surface area was firstly constructed onto the surface of PA6 fabrics by the hydrolysis of Fe3+, sulfamic acid (SA) was then introduced by a facile dipping and nipping method. The growth of β-FeOOH also endowed the PA6 fabrics with certain hydrophilicity and moisture permeability, resulting in improved comfortability. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the prepared PA6/Fe/6SA sample was increased to 27.2% from 18.5% of control PA6 sample, and the damaged length was reduced to only 6.0 cm from 12.0 cm of control PA6 sample. Meanwhile, the melt dripping was also eliminated. The heat release rate and total heat release values of the PA6/Fe/6SA sample were decreased to 318.5 kW/m2 and 17.0 MJ/m2, respectively, compared with those of control PA6 (494.7 kW/m2 and 21.4 MJ/m2). The analysis results indicated that nonflammable gases diluted flammable gases. The observation of char residues demonstrated that the stable char layer was formed, which effectively inhibited the transfer of heat and oxygen. The organic solvent-free coating does not contain any conventional halogens/phosphorus elements, which provides a useful methodology to produce environmentally friendly flame-retardant fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaobei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jingfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lijun Qian
- Engineering Laboratory of Non-halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Phosphorus-Containing Polybenzoxazine Aerogels with Efficient Flame Retardation and Thermal Insulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054314. [PMID: 36901747 PMCID: PMC10001678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A type benzoxazine (Ba) monomers and 10-(2, 5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10- hydrogen-9- oxygen-10- phosphine-10- oxide (DOPO-HQ) were employed to prepare flame retardant and heat insulated polybenzoxazine (PBa) composite aerogels. The successful preparation of PBa composite aerogels was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal degradation behavior and flame-retardant properties of the pristine PBa and PBa composite aerogels were investigated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter. The initial decomposition temperature of PBa decreased slightly after incorporating DOPO-HQ, increasing the char residue amount. The incorporation of 5% DOPO-HQ into PBa led to a decrease of 33.1% at the peak of the heat-release rate and a decrease of 58.7% in the TSP. The flame-retardant mechanism of PBa composite aerogels was investigated by SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and TGA coupled with infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR). The aerogel has advantages such as a simple synthesis procedure, easy amplification, lightweight, low thermal conductivity, and good flame retardancy.
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An Efficient Composite Modifier Prepared for Enhancing the Crystallization and Flame-Retardancy of Poly(m-xylylene adipamide). Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173626. [PMID: 36080701 PMCID: PMC9460067 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(m-xylylene adipamide) (MXD6) has good gas barrier properties and high mechanical strength. However, in nature, this resin has a low rate of crystallization. In order to overcome this obstacle in its applications, this study prepares a new, efficient modifier for MXD6 by combining the synthesized DOPO derivative (DT) and P22. It is found that the use of the binary modifier exhibits obvious effects on the crystallization of MXD6. When 11.0 wt.% DT is added together with 0.1 wt.% P22 (DT/P22), the crystallization temperature of MXD6 shifts to a higher temperature of 19.7 °C, and the crystallinity degree of MXD6 is significantly increased by 60%. Meanwhile, this modifier exhibits obviously intumescent flame-retardancy on MXD6 by increasing the limited oxygen index (LOI) from 26.4% to 33.4%. The results of the cone calorimeter test (CCT) reveal that the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR) and average effective heat release (av-EHC) are obviously suppressed due to the use of this modifier. Moreover, the influences of this modifier on the crystal structures, mechanical and rheological properties of MXD6 are analyzed in detail. This study can provide an efficient modifier for MXD6.
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Wang ZH, Zhang AN, Liu BW, Wang XL, Zhao HB, Wang YZ. Durable flame-retardant cotton fabrics with tannic acid complexed by various metal ions. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Flame-retardant and anti-dripping coating for PET fabric with hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphoramide. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chen K, Cheng J, Wu B, Liu C, Guo J. Synergistic effects of strontium carbonate on a novel intumescent
flame‐retardant
polypropylene system. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jingwei Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Chengjuan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jianing Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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Cheng G, Xuan Z, Tang Z, Tian S, Sha F, Ding G, Wan X. Flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of the
SBR
/
MMT
composites modified by melamine matrix modifier. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
- Institute of Environment‐Friendly Materials and Occupational Health Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu) Wuhu China
| | - Ziyue Xuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
| | - Zhongfeng Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Shen Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
| | - Feixiang Sha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Guoxin Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
| | - Xianglong Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan China
- Institute of Environment‐Friendly Materials and Occupational Health Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu) Wuhu China
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Kim Y, Lee S, Yoon H. Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:540. [PMID: 33673106 PMCID: PMC7918670 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, polymers are competing with metals and ceramics to realize various material characteristics, including mechanical and electrical properties. However, most polymers consist of organic matter, making them vulnerable to flames and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the combustion of polymers consisting of different types of organic matter results in various gaseous hazards. Therefore, to minimize the fire damage, there has been a significant demand for developing polymers that are fire resistant or flame retardant. From this viewpoint, it is crucial to design and synthesize thermally stable polymers that are less likely to decompose into combustible gaseous species under high-temperature conditions. Flame retardants can also be introduced to further reinforce the fire performance of polymers. In this review, the combustion process of organic matter, types of flame retardants, and common flammability testing methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the latest research trends in the use of versatile nanofillers to enhance the fire performance of polymeric materials are discussed with an emphasis on their underlying action, advantages, and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukyung Kim
- R&D Laboratory: Korea Fire Institute, 331 Jisam-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17088, Korea;
| | - Sanghyuck Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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