1
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang R, Wang W, Zhao H, Yang S, Dong Z, Wang DY, Pan YT. Cyclodextrin-based host-guest hierarchical fire retardants: Synthesis and novel strategy to endow polylactic acid fire retardancy and UV resistance. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122313. [PMID: 38876722 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) with a cage-like supramolecular structure possesses the hydrophobic internal ring and external hydroxyl groups, which are beneficial for intramolecular interactions known as "host-guest" chemistry. This study presents a β-CD-based three-functions-in-one and host-guest fire retardant (βCD-MOF@Schiff base), which incorporates self-crosslinking Schiff base into its cavity and modification of its surface by metal-organic framework (MOF). With the presence of 5 wt% of βCD-MOF@Schiff base, the LOI value of PLA composites increased to 29 % and showed 15 %, 17 % and 62 % reductions in peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and the yield of hazard gas carbon monoxide, respectively. The mode action of FR on fire retardation of PLA showed that the FR promoted the char formation with higher thermal stability and graphitization, and modified the decomposition path of PLA. Additionally, the PLA composites exhibited enhanced UV resistance in the UVA and UVB areas with improved UV absorbance and the UPF values improving and doubling. This work develops a new approach to preparing biodegradable FR, which simultaneously endows fire safety and anti-UV properties for PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wenqing Wang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenfeng Dong
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Liu L, Wu Y, Yun X, Wang X, Li J, Chen L, Lin F, Wang S, Dong T, Song L. UV-barrier poly(lactic acid) film with light-stabilized Eu complexes as filler. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132529. [PMID: 38777010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The poor UV shielding property of PLA limit it further applications on food packaging. The rare-earth complex Eu(DBM)3phen converts absorbed ultraviolet (UV) light to red light, which inspires the development of new UV shielding materials. However, this complex has low photostability and decomposes easily under UV irradiation. Thus, we prepared a long-lasting rare-earth complex transluminant Eu(DBM)2(BP-2)phen by introducing BP-2 into Eu(DBM)3phen, and blended it with PLA to obtain PLA/Eu(DBM)2(BP-2)phen composite films. The test results showed that the complex could reduce the UV transmittance of PLA films by emitting luminescence and heat. The UV transmittance of the composite film with 0.5 % mass fraction decreased from 87.4 % to 7.7 %, compared to pure PLA films, and remained at 11.6 % after 12 days of UV aging. The film had long-lasting UV shielding performance, good transparency and mechanical properties. Finally, In the storage experiments of flaxseed oil, the P/E25 film effectively retarded the oxidation process of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linze Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Yincai Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xueyan Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Xinkun Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinlei Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Libin Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fenglong Lin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tungalag Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China.
| | - Lijun Song
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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3
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Flores-León J, Rodríguez-Félix DE, Quiroz-Castillo JM, Burrola-Núñez H, Castillo-Ortega MM, Encinas-Encinas JC, Alvarado-Ibarra J, Santacruz-Ortega H, Valenzuela-García JL, Herrera-Franco PJ. Effect of Degradation on the Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Films of Poly(lactic acid) and Chitosan. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9526-9535. [PMID: 38434895 PMCID: PMC10905741 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study addresses the fabrication of extruded films using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan, with and without maleic anhydride as a compatibilizing agent, for potential applications in disposable food packaging. These films underwent controlled conditions of UV irradiation, water condensation, and temperature variations in an accelerated weathering chamber. The investigation analyzed the effect of different exposure periods on the structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the films. It was observed that PLA films exhibited a lower susceptibility to degradation compared to those containing chitosan. Specifically, the pure PLA film showed an increase in elastic modulus and strength during the initial 144 h of exposure, associated with cross-linking induced by UV radiation. On the other hand, film Q2 composed of PLA, chitosan, and maleic anhydride and Q1 without maleic anhydride experienced a tensile strength loss of over 50% after 244 h of exposure. The Q2 film exhibited greater homogeneity, leading to increased resistance to degradation compared to that of Q1. As the degradation time increased, both the Q1 and Q2 films demonstrated a decline in thermal stability. These films also exhibited alterations in crystallinity attributed to the chemo-crystallization process, along with fluctuations in the glass transition temperature and crystallization, particularly at 288 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- José
Ramón Flores-León
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Dora Evelia Rodríguez-Félix
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jesús Manuel Quiroz-Castillo
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Heidy Burrola-Núñez
- Licenciatura
de Ecología, Universidad Estatal
de Sonora, C.P. 83100 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - María Mónica Castillo-Ortega
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - José Carmelo Encinas-Encinas
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Juana Alvarado-Ibarra
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Hisila Santacruz-Ortega
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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4
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Jin X, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Zhang A, Wang R, Cui M, Wang DY, Zhang X. Highly efficient metal-organic framework based intumescent poly(L-lactic acid) towards fire safety, ignition delay and UV resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126127. [PMID: 37541480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Developing multifunctional biodegradable PLA with ignition delay, high efficient fire retardancy, and UV resistance properties is a challenging task owing to its high flammability, and mutually exclusive phenomenon between the latter two properties. In this work, we report a superior efficient synergistic action combining piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP) and a Co based metal-organic framework (ZIF-67). Results illustrated that with merely 0.06 wt% ZIF-67, intumescent PLA containing 4.96 wt% PAPP reached UL-94 V0 rating. The PLA/4.9PAPP/0.1MOF sample possessed a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value at 33 %, exhibited a 28 % reduction in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and a 67 % increase in fire propagation index (FPI). Moreover, the presence MOF delayed the ignition time of PLA by 12 s due to the highly porous structure of MOF and its chemical heat-sink performance. Insightful reaction to fire mechanism in the condensed phase via TG-FTIR and Raman revealed that a crack free protective intumescent char layer with higher graphitization degree was formed, which effectively enhanced the barrier effect and minimize the heat and fuel transfer. In addition, the UV resistance of PLA composites is enhanced, remaining at and below 5 % transmittance in the UVA and UVB areas. This work provides a green production way of multifunctional degradable materials and broadens their application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jin
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yanlong Zhu
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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5
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Yang XM, Qiu S, Yusuf A, Sun J, Zhai Z, Zhao J, Yin GZ. Recent advances in flame retardant and mechanical properties of polylactic acid: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125050. [PMID: 37257540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale application of ecofriendly polymeric materials has become a key focus of scientific research with the trend toward sustainable development. Mechanical properties and fire safety are two critical considerations of biopolymers for large-scale applications. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a flammable, melt-drop carrying, and strong but brittle polymer. Hence, it is essential to achieve both flame retardancy and mechanical enhancement to improve safety and broaden its application. This study reviews the recent research on the flame retardant functionalization and mechanical reinforcement of PLA. It classifies PLA according to the type of the flame retardant strategy employed, such as surface-modified fibers, modified nano/micro fillers, small-molecule and macromolecular flame retardants, flame retardants with fibers or polymers, and chain extension or crosslinking with other flame retardants. The functionalization strategies and main parameters of the modified PLA systems are summarized and analyzed. This study summarizes the latest advances in the fields of flame retardancy and mechanical reinforcement of PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Yang
- Zhejiang Ruico Advanced Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Abdulmalik Yusuf
- E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Profesor Aranguren 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jun Sun
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongjie Zhai
- Zhejiang Ruico Advanced Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junhuan Zhao
- Zhejiang Ruico Advanced Material Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313018, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guang-Zhong Yin
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1.800, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Zhu C, Ye D, Zhou T, Cui Y, Yin J. High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:239. [PMID: 36837742 PMCID: PMC9959704 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), with a thickness of around fifty nanometers were deposited on bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) substrates by radio-frequency sputtering. By optimizing the Ga concentration in the target, the optics, water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties of PEF/GZO composite films can be adjusted. The highest visible light transmittance of the samples was around 85.1%. Furthermore, by introducing some GZO films with typical concentrations, the water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties of PEF films were improved. The optimized water vapor permeability of PEF/GZO composite film was 5.3 × 10-12 g·m/m2·s·Pa, and the highest antibacterial rate can reach 99.85% after 4 h. By XPS analysis, the antibacterial mechanism in the samples is envisaged to be mainly due cytotoxicity of Ga ions. The above results indicate that PEF/GZO films have great potential in the field of antibacterial food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Zhu
- Institute of Medical Instruments, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Danling Ye
- Institute of Medical Instruments, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Tianqi Zhou
- Institute of Medical Instruments, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yashuang Cui
- Institute of Medical Instruments, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jianbing Yin
- Center for Medical Device Adverse Events Monitoring of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Medical Products Administration, Hangzhou 310009, China
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7
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Biomass tannic acid intermediated surface functionalization of ammonium polyphosphate for enhancing fire safety and smoke suppression of thermoplastic polyurethane. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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8
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Park M, Kuk YS, Kwon OH, Acharya J, Ojha GP, Ko JK, Kong HS, Pant B. Fly Ash-Incorporated Polystyrene Nanofiber Membrane as a Fire-Retardant Material: Valorization of Discarded Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213811. [PMID: 36364587 PMCID: PMC9656177 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reusing or recycling waste into new useful materials is essential for environmental protection. Herein, we used discarded polystyrene (PS) and fly-ash (FA) particles and a fabricated fly-ash incorporated polystyrene fiber (FA/PS fiber) composite. The electrospinning process produced continuous PS fibers with a good distribution of FA particles. The prepared nanofibers were characterized by state-of-the-art techniques. The performances of the composite nanofibers were tested for fire-retardant applications. We observed that the incorporation of FA particles into the PS fibers led to an improvement in the performance of the composite as compared to the pristine PS fibers. This study showed an important strategy in using waste materials to produce functional nanofibers through an economical procedure. We believe that the strategy presented in this paper can be extended to other waste materials for obtaining nanofiber membranes for various environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Park
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Department of Fire Protection and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Yun-Su Kuk
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency (KCARBON), Jeonju 54853, Korea
| | - Oh Hoon Kwon
- Research and Development Division, Korea Institute of Convergence Textile, Iksan 54588, Korea
| | - Jiwan Acharya
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Gunendra Prasad Ojha
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Jae-Kyoung Ko
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Ha-Sung Kong
- Department of Fire Protection and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Bishweshwar Pant
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
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9
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Zhu T, Chen D, Liu G, Qi P, Gu X, Li H, Sun J, Zhang S. A Facile Immobilization Strategy for Soluble Phosphazene to Actualize Stable and Safe Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203693. [PMID: 36007148 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their high energy density and abundant sulfur resources. However, LSBs are still restricted by the unsatisfactory electrochemical performance resulting from the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs), and the potential fire hazard caused by inflammable ether electrolytes and polyolefin separators. Herein, a facile immobilization strategy for hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) is creatively applied to address the above issues simultaneously. Insoluble HCCP cross-linked microspheres (H-CMP) are firstly obtained at ambient temperature using tannic acid (TA) as a cross-linking agent and then a multifunctional separator coating is constructed based on H-CMP. The released phosphorus-related radicals from H-CMP in wide temperatures effectively prevent the combustion of electrolytes and separators, and hence improve the fire safety of the Li-S pouch cell. Furthermore, H-CMP availably chemisorbs LiPSs to interdict the shuttle effect, thereby dramatically improving the electrochemical performance of LSBs. The effectiveness of this strategy is also verified in high sulfur loading (6.38 mg cm-2 ), high temperature (50 °C), and Li-S pouch cells. More importantly, H-CMP exhibits sufficient stability for Li metal and suppression of Li dendrites. This facile immobilization strategy for multifunctional phosphazenes provides a competitive option for the large-scale fabrication of high-safety and high-performance LSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Dongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Peng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Center for Fire Safety Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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10
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Xiao Y, Yang Y, Luo Q, Tang B, Guan J, Tian Q. Construction of carbon-based flame retardant composite with reinforced and toughened property and its application in polylactic acid. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22236-22243. [PMID: 36043090 PMCID: PMC9364221 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04130h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To simultaneously improve the flame retardancy, strength and toughness of polylactic acid (PLA) fibers, a composite flame retardant CNTs-H-C was prepared with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the core, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene as linker, and chitosan grafted on the surface. The prepared CNTs-H-C was introduced into a PLA matrix to obtain CNTs-H-C/PLA composites and fibers via a melt-blending method. The morphology, structure, flame retardant properties and mechanical properties were thoroughly characterized, and the flame retardant mechanism was studied. Results showed that the prepared CNTs-H-C displayed a nanotube-like morphology with good compatibility and dispersion in the PLA matrix. After blending with PLA, CNTs-H-C/PLA composites exhibited outstanding flame retardancy with limiting oxygen index (LOI) increasing from 20.0% to 27.3%, UL94 rating reaching V-0. More importantly, the introduction of CNTs-H-C did not affect the spinnability of PLA. Compared with pure PLA fibers, the LOI of CNTs-H-C/PLA fibers with a CNTs-H-C content of 1.0 wt% increased by 32.5%, and meanwhile the breaking strength and elongation increased by 28.2% and 30.4%, respectively. Mechanism study revealed that CNTs-H-C/PLA possessed a typical condensed phase flame retardancy mechanism. In short, we have developed a CNT-based composite flame retardant with reinforced and toughened properties for the PLA matrix. The prepared CNTs-H-C showed great potential in polymer flame retardancy and mechanical enhancement. A CNT-based flame retardant was synthesized and introduced into PLA to simultaneously improve the flame retardancy, strength and toughness of PLA.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Xiao
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China.,Nanotechnology Research Institute, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China
| | - Yaru Yang
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China
| | - Qiulan Luo
- College of Fashion Design, Jiaxing Nanhu University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China
| | - Bolin Tang
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China.,Nanotechnology Research Institute, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China
| | - Jipeng Guan
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Zibo Dayang Flame Retardant Products Co., Ltd. Zibo 255300 Shandong China
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Gazzotti S, Ortenzi MA, Farina H, Silvani A. Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing, UV‐Responsive PLA‐Based Materials by Means of Functionalized DOX Monomer. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gazzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo” Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo” Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Hermes Farina
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo” Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Alessandra Silvani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo” Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
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Shen Z, Qiu Y, Song W, Sun Q. Sensitivity Analysis of a Bench-Scale Pyrolysis Model for Composite Materials: A Case Study of Poly(lactic acid)/Melamine/Ammonium Polyphosphate. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19648-19664. [PMID: 35721966 PMCID: PMC9202049 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of a well-developed bench-scale pyrolysis model that relates material composition to flammability, this paper applied mathematical simulations to explore the model sensitivity for the prediction of fire behavior of composite materials. A pyrolysis model for poly(lactic acid) blended with melamine and ammonium polyphosphate as the reference material was selected as the case for analysis. The model input parameters for simulations include the heat of reaction, apparent activation energy, and pre-exponential factor of 15 reactions, as well as the thermal conductivity, emissivity coefficient, absorption coefficient, and density of 17 condensed-phase components. Each reaction-related or component-related parameter was adjusted from 80% of the model value to 120% with a 5% or 10% gradient. Finally, 826 simulation cases in total were calculated for analysis. Both the mass loss rate and the heat release rate of each case were calculated to characterize the sensitivity, which showed the same pattern. Finally, seven primary reactions and five key condensed-phase components with high sensitivity were identified. The predicted fire behaviors are highly related to the kinetics of the reactions between virgin components or reactions where virgin components play an important role in, including the pyrolysis of melted poly(lactic acid), the first step in the pyrolysis of melamine, the first step in the pyrolysis of ammonium polyphosphate, the reaction between melted poly(lactic acid) and melamine, the reaction between ammonium polyphosphate and melamine, and further decomposition of the generated new condensed-phase component. Particularly, the activation energy of these reactions is of sensitivity larger than 5% or 15%. The heat of decomposition of pyrolysis of melted poly(lactic acid) also showed a sensitivity of 2%-5%. The pre-exponential factor of all reactions showed a sensitivity of less than 2%, which can be ignored. Inputting the proper density is important for the prediction of fire behavior as the sensitivity is larger than 2%. The sensitivity of the milligram-scale model was also processed and compared. These simulations provided a fundamental understanding of the sensitivity of thermophysical and chemical properties and thus provide advanced insights into fire behavior modeling and new composite material design.
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