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Sowińska-Baranowska A, Maciejewska M, Duda P. The Potential Application of Starch and Walnut Shells as Biofillers for Natural Rubber (NR) Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147968. [PMID: 35887318 PMCID: PMC9323199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was application of corn starch and ground walnut shells in various amounts by weight as biofillers of natural rubber (NR) biocomposites. Additionally, ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmiCl) and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) were used to increase the activity of biofillers and to improve the curing characteristics of NR composites. The effect of biofillers used and their modification with aminosilane or ionic liquid on the curing characteristics of NR composites and their functional properties, including crosslink density, mechanical properties in static and dynamic conditions, hardness, thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative aging were investigated. Starch and ground walnut shells were classified as inactive fillers, which can be used alternatively to commercial inactive fillers, e.g., chalk. BmiCl and APTES were successfully used to support the vulcanization and to improve the dispersion of biofillers in NR elastomer matrix. Vulcanizates with starch, especially those containing APTES and BmiCl, exhibited improved tensile properties due to the higher crosslink density and homogenous dispersion of starch, which resulted from BmiCl addition. NR filled with ground walnut shells demonstrated improved resistance to thermo-oxidative aging. It resulted from lignin present in walnut shells, the components of which belong to polyphenols, that have an antioxidant activity.
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Thomas SK, Parameswaranpillai J, Krishnasamy S, Begum PS, Nandi D, Siengchin S, George JJ, Hameed N, Salim N, Sienkiewicz N. A comprehensive review on cellulose, chitin, and starch as fillers in natural rubber biocomposites. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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3
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You Y, Rong MZ, Zhang MQ. Adaptable Reversibly Interlocked Networks from Immiscible Polymers Enhanced by Hierarchy-Induced Multilevel Energy Consumption Mechanisms. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- Materials Science Institute, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhi Rong
- Materials Science Institute, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ming Qiu Zhang
- Materials Science Institute, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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4
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Improved antibacterial and mechanical performances of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber via interface reaction of oxidized starch. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Dhanorkar RJ, Mohanty S, Gupta VK. Synthesis of Functionalized Styrene Butadiene Rubber and Its Applications in SBR–Silica Composites for High Performance Tire Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh J. Dhanorkar
- Reliance Research and Development Centre, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Subhra Mohanty
- Reliance Research and Development Centre, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Gupta
- Reliance Research and Development Centre, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India
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6
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Guan E, Yang Y, Pang J, Zhang T, Li M, Bian K. Ultrafine grinding of wheat flour: Effect of flour/starch granule profiles and particle size distribution on falling number and pasting properties. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2581-2587. [PMID: 32566175 PMCID: PMC7300039 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, the properties of different ultrafine flour samples, including particle size distribution, damaged starch content, falling number, and pasting properties, were examined. The results indicated that the particle size decreased significantly after jet milling, as the rotation speed and grinding time increased, and the damaged starch content significantly increased as the size of the flour/starch decreased; this is in contrast to the significant decrease in falling number. Significant differences in pasting temperature were observed between straight-grade flour (68.6°C) and five ultrafine flour samples (from 86.3 to 87.9°C). We also observed significant increases in peak viscosity, trough, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, and setback as the flour particle size decreased from 43.07 µm to 25.81 µm (D50). The same parameters significantly decreased as the flour particle size decreased from 25.81 µm to 10.15 µm (D50). Correlation analysis identified a significant negative correlation between flour particle size (D50) and damaged starch content and pasting temperature, while a significant positive correlation was found with the falling number values. The results of this work may have an important impact on the quality of processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erqi Guan
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
- Henan Food Crop Collaborative Innovation CenterZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuling Yang
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinyue Pang
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
| | - Mengmeng Li
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
| | - Ke Bian
- School of Food Science and TechnologyHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhouChina
- Henan Food Crop Collaborative Innovation CenterZhengzhouChina
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7
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Kim H, Lamsal B, Jane J, Grewell D. Sheet‐extruded films from blends of hydroxypropylated and native corn starches, and their characterization. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee‐Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State University Ames Iowa
| | - Buddhi Lamsal
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State University Ames Iowa
| | - Jay‐lin Jane
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionIowa State University Ames Iowa
| | - David Grewell
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems EngineeringIowa State University Ames Iowa
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Kaur K, Jindal R, Maiti M, Mahajan S. Studies on the properties and biodegradability of PVA/Trapa natans starch (N-st) composite films and PVA/N-st-g-poly (EMA) composite films. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:826-836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Alwaan IM, Jafar MMRM, Allebban ZSM. Development of biodegradable starch nanocrystals/gum Arabic hydrogels for controlled drug delivery and cancer therapy. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aafc14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Wu J, Li K, Pan X, Liao S, You J, Zhu K, Wang Z. Preparation and Physical Properties of Porous Starch/Natural Rubber Composites. STARCH-STARKE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201700296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources; Hainan University; Ministry of Education; Haikou 570228 P. R. China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Kuncai Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Pan
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Shuangquan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources; Hainan University; Ministry of Education; Haikou 570228 P. R. China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Jianhua You
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Kaizheng Zhu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
| | - Zhifen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources; Hainan University; Ministry of Education; Haikou 570228 P. R. China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P. R. China
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11
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Jong L. Methacrylamide grafted elastomer composites reinforced with biobased particles. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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A new biodegradable sisal fiber-starch packing composite with nest structure. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 189:56-64. [PMID: 29580426 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new completely biodegradable sisal fiber-starch packing composite was proposed. The effects of fiber content and alkaline treatment on the cushioning property of the composites were studied from energy absorption efficiency, cellular microstructure and compatibility between fiber and starch. With increasing fiber content, the nest structure of composites becomes dense first and then loosens, resulting in initial enhancement and subsequent weakening of the cushioning property of the composites. The composite with 4:13 mass ratio of fiber and thermoplastic starch (TPS) exhibit the optimal cushioning property. Alkaline treatment increases the compatibility between sisal fiber and TPS, promotes the formation of dense nest structure, thereby enhances the cushioning property of the composites. After biodegradability tests for 28 days, the weight loss of the composites was 62.36%. It's found that the composites are a promising replacement for expandable polystyrene (EPS) as packing material, especially under large compression load (0.7-6 MPa).
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Misman MA, Rashid AA, Yahya SR. MODIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF STARCH IN NATURAL RUBBER LATEX COMPOSITES. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.5254/rct-18-82604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study presents a review of recent studies on starch-filled NR latex composites. Starch is a renewable source of material for fillers in NR latex compounding to obtain composites with multifunctional properties for selected applications. However, starch is a non-reinforcing filler due to its large particle size. The compatibility of NR and starch is another significant issue during the processing of starch-filled NR latex composites due to the nature of both materials. However, based on our research work, a fine dispersion of starch in the rubber matrix can improve the properties of NR latex composites. A good starch dispersion can be achieved through modifications, such as physical or chemical treatments. These treatments include the ball-milling process, ultrasonic process, use of coupling agents, esterification, etherification, and graft copolymerization. The various processing methods of these composites are discussed, specifically pre-vulcanization, latex co-coagulation, and in situ polymerization process. The successful modifications of either micro- or nano-starch will improve the compatibility with hydrophobic NR matrix, thereby increasing the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. The potential of starch as a biodegradable filler for NR latex and the interparticle interaction of starch-filled NR latex composites are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Misman
- School Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azura A. Rashid
- School Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Rohana Yahya
- School Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Liang Y, Liu X, Wang L, Sun J. The fabrication of microcrystalline cellulose-nanoZnO hybrid composites and their application in rubber compounds. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 169:324-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Sun J, Liu X, Liang Y, Wang L, Liu Y. The preparation of microcrystalline cellulose-nanoSiO2hybrid materials and their application in tire tread compounds. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; PO Box 73 Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi Province Naning 530004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; PO Box 73 Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; PO Box 73 Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; PO Box 73 Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science & Technology; PO Box 73 Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
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16
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Jong L. Particle size and particle–particle interactions on tensile properties and reinforcement of corn flour particles in natural rubber. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Xu J, Chen D, Hu X, Ke Y, Zhou Q, Gao W, Zeng Z, Zhang G. Preparation and characterization of poly(MMA-EGDMA-AMPS) microspheres by soap-free emulsion polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2014-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The poly(methyl methacrylate-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) [poly(MMA-EGDMA-AMPS)] microsphere was produced by a soap-free emulsion polymerization of MMA, EGDMA and AMPS. The chemical composition, morphology, particle size distribution and properties of the obtained microspheres were characterized by energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a laser particle analyzer and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that the microspheres had a high-quality spherical morphology, irrespective of the components, and their particle sizes mainly ranged from 10 μm to 70 μm. The microspheres were thermally stable up to 190°C. As the AMPS loading was increased, the synthetic yield rate decreased and the water uptake increased. The optimum synthetic yield rate and water uptake were obtained at a 2.0 wt% AMPS. In addition, the selected microspheres with a diameter of approximately 25 μm provided an effective plugging, and the plugging rate was up to 80%. This study demonstrated that the plugging behavior of microspheres was due to their deformation, migration and aggregating properties in the plugging process, which made them potential materials for modifying the porous reservoir to enhance oil recovery in petroleum engineering.
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18
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Sirirat T, Vatanatham T, Hansupalak N, Rempel GL, Arayapranee W. Kinetics and modeling of methyl methacrylate graft copolymerization in the presence of natural rubber latex. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Trovatti E, Carvalho AJF, Gandini A. A new approach to blending starch with natural rubber. POLYM INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Trovatti
- Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo; São Carlos Brazil
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 13560-970 São Carlos Brazil
| | | | - Alessandro Gandini
- Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo; São Carlos Brazil
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 13560-970 São Carlos Brazil
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20
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Qu J, He L. Synthesis and properties of silane-fluoroacrylate grafted starch. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:1056-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Prasertkittikul S, Chisti Y, Hansupalak N. Deproteinization of Natural Rubber Using Protease Immobilized on Epichlorohydrin Cross-linked Chitosan Beads. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie400232r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirawan Prasertkittikul
- Center of Excellence for Petroleum,
Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, PN 456, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North,
New Zealand
| | - Nanthiya Hansupalak
- Center of Excellence for Petroleum,
Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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22
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Mechanical performance, water absorption behavior and biodegradability of poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified starch/SBR biocomposites. Macromol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-013-1088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Sun J, Tian X, Feng P, Gong S, Yuan Y. Preparation of low-allergen natural rubber latex by transglutaminase catalysis. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Riyajan SA, Sasithornsonti Y, Phinyocheep P. Green natural rubber-g-modified starch for controlling urea release. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:251-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Grignard B, Calberg C, Jerome C, Detrembleur C. “One-pot” dispersion ATRP and alkyne-azide Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in supercritical carbon dioxide: Towards the formation of functional microspheres. J Supercrit Fluids 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2009.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nordgren N, Rutland MW. Tunable nanolubrication between dual-responsive polyionic grafts. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:2984-90. [PMID: 19634866 DOI: 10.1021/nl901411e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on a direct approach of quantitatively probing the nanotribological response of chemically end-grafted polyions. A combination of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and atomic force microscopy, in the now well established colloidal probe mode, was utilized to investigate the stimuli-induced lubrication behavior between poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) grafts on gold. Force and friction measurements showed reversible transitions of up to an order of magnitude difference induced by varying the solvent conditions. The greatly enhanced lubrication observed at low pH was attributed to the formation of a repulsive, highly charged, hydrated cushion. At high pH the friction was significantly increased. The system turned attractive above the lower critical solution temperature with a small friction reduction interpreted as being due to nanoscopic flattening at the interfacial boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Nordgren
- Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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28
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Injection molded thermoplastic starch/natural rubber/clay nanocomposites: Morphology and mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Breed DR, Thibault R, Xie F, Wang Q, Hawker CJ, Pine DJ. Functionalization of polymer microspheres using click chemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:4370-4376. [PMID: 19260650 DOI: 10.1021/la801880u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new method to covalently link a wide variety of molecules to the surface of colloidal polymer microspheres using the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne reaction, most commonly known under the class of reactions identified by the term click chemistry. The method is generic and readily applied to a spectrum of colloidal particle systems allowing surfaces to be tailored with virtually any desired functionality. To demonstrate this method, polystyrene microspheres were functionalized with two different polyethylene oxide-based polymers, and changes in hydrodynamic radii after functionalization were measured using dynamic light scattering. Control of surface functional groups was demonstrated by fluorescently labeling the colloidal microspheres using the same Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana R Breed
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, USA
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30
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Arayapranee W, Rempel GL. Preparation of a natural rubber core/polymer shell in a nanomatrix by graft copolymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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32
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Xu Q, Kennedy JF, Liu L. An ionic liquid as reaction media in the ring opening graft polymerization of ε-caprolactone onto starch granules. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Zhang S, Cao L, Shao F, Chen L, Jiao J, Gao W. Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto natural rubber in supercritical carbon dioxide. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Xu Q, Wang Q, Liu L. Ring-opening graft polymerization ofL-lactide onto starch granules in an ionic liquid. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wu YP, Qi Q, Liang GH, Zhang LQ. A strategy to prepare high performance starch/rubber composites: In situ modification during latex compounding process. Carbohydr Polym 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kangwansupamonkon W, Gilbert RG, Kiatkamjornwong S. Modification of Natural Rubber by Grafting with Hydrophilic Vinyl Monomers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200500255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lu Y, Weng L, Cao X. Biocomposites of Plasticized Starch Reinforced with Cellulose Crystallites from Cottonseed Linter. Macromol Biosci 2005; 5:1101-7. [PMID: 16245266 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200500094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly starch biocomposites were successfully developed using a colloidal suspension of cottonseed linter cellulose crystallite as a filler to reinforce glycerol plasticized starch (PS). The cellulose crystallites, having lengths of 350 +/- 70 nm and diameters of 40 +/- 8 nm on average, were prepared from cottonseed linters by acid hydrolysis. The dependence of morphology and properties of the PS-based biocomposites on cellulose crystallites content in the range from 0 to 30 wt.-% was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning thermal analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and measurements of mechanical properties and water absorption. The results indicate that the strong interactions between fillers and between the filler and PS matrix play a key role in reinforcing the resulting composites. The PS/cellulose crystallite composites, conditioned at 50% relative humidity, undergo an increase in both tensile strength and Young's modulus from 2.5 MPa for PS film to 7.8 MPa and from 36 MPa for PS film to 301 MPa. Further, incorporating cottonseed linter cellulose crystallites into PS matrix leads to an improvement in water resistance for the resulting biocomposites. The mechanical behaviors of the starch-based biocomposites as a function of cellulose crystallites content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
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Lu Y, Tighzert L, Dole P, Erre D. Preparation and properties of starch thermoplastics modified with waterborne polyurethane from renewable resources. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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