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Liu CH, Krueger S, Nieh MP. Synthesis of Polymer Nanoweb via a Lipid Template. ACS Macro Lett 2023:993-998. [PMID: 37406157 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a generalized platform for synthesizing a polymer nanoweb with a high specific surface area via a bicellar template, composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dihexanoyl phosphocholine (DHPC), and 1,2-dipalmitoyl phosphoglycerol (DPPG). The pristine bicelle (in the absence of monomer or polymer) yields a variety of well-defined structures, including disc, vesicle, and perforated lamella. The addition of styrene monomers in the mixture causes bicelles to transform into lamellae. Monomers are miscible with DPPC and DPPG initially, while polymerization drives polymers to the DHPC-rich domain, resulting in a polymer nanoweb supported by the outcomes of small angle neutron scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Susan Krueger
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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Israel S, Levin M, Oliel S, Mayer D, Lerner I, Silverstein MS. Hierarchical Porosity in Emulsion-Templated, Porogen-Containing Interpenetrating Polymer Networks: Hyper-Cross-Linking and Carbonization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michal Levin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Sapir Oliel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dahiana Mayer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Idan Lerner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michael S. Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Zhang T, Sanguramath RA, Israel S, Silverstein MS. Emulsion Templating: Porous Polymers and Beyond. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | - Sima Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michael S. Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Barbara I, Dourges MA, Deleuze H. Preparation of porous polyurethanes by emulsion-templated step growth polymerization. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jiang Q, Menner A, Bismarck A. Robust macroporous polymers: Using polyurethane diacrylate as property defining crosslinker. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Robinson JL, McEnery MA, Pearce H, Whitely ME, Munoz-Pinto DJ, Hahn MS, Li H, Sears NA, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Osteoinductive PolyHIPE Foams as Injectable Bone Grafts. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:403-14. [PMID: 26739120 PMCID: PMC4800270 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently fabricated biodegradable polyHIPEs as injectable bone grafts and characterized the mechanical properties, pore architecture, and cure rates. In this study, calcium phosphate nanoparticles and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles were incorporated into injectable polyHIPE foams to promote osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Upon incorporation of each type of particle, stable monoliths were formed with compressive properties comparable to control polyHIPEs. Pore size quantification indicated a negligible effect of all particles on emulsion stability and resulting pore architecture. Alizarin red calcium staining illustrated the incorporation of calcium phosphate particles at the pore surface, while picrosirius red collagen staining illustrated collagen-rich DBM particles within the monoliths. Osteoinductive particles had a negligible effect on the compressive modulus (∼30 MPa), which remained comparable to human cancellous bone values. All polyHIPE compositions promoted human MSC viability (∼90%) through 2 weeks. Furthermore, gene expression analysis indicated the ability of all polyHIPE compositions to promote osteogenic differentiation through the upregulation of bone-specific markers compared to a time zero control. These findings illustrate the potential for these osteoinductive polyHIPEs to promote osteogenesis and validate future in vivo evaluation. Overall, this work demonstrates the ability to incorporate a range of bioactive components into propylene fumarate dimethacrylate-based injectable polyHIPEs to increase cellular interactions and direct specific behavior without compromising scaffold architecture and resulting properties for various tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Madison A.P. McEnery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Hannah Pearce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Michael E. Whitely
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Dany J. Munoz-Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Huinan Li
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Nicholas A. Sears
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Robinson JL, Moglia RS, Stuebben MC, McEnery MAP, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Achieving interconnected pore architecture in injectable PolyHIPEs for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:1103-12. [PMID: 24124758 PMCID: PMC3938937 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Template polymerization of a high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE) is a relatively new method to produce tunable high-porosity scaffolds for tissue regeneration. This study focuses on the development of biodegradable injectable polyHIPEs with interconnected porosity that have the potential to fill bone defects and enhance healing. Our laboratory previously fabricated biodegradable polyHIPEs that cure in situ upon injection; however, these scaffolds possessed a closed-pore morphology, which could limit bone ingrowth. To address this issue, HIPEs were fabricated with a radical initiator dissolved in the organic phase rather than the aqueous phase of the emulsion. Organic-phase initiation resulted in macromer densification forces that facilitated pore opening during cure. Compressive modulus and strength of the polyHIPEs were found to increase over 2 weeks to 43±12 MPa and 3±0.2 MPa, respectively, properties comparable to cancellous bone. The viscosity of the HIPE before cure (11.0±2.3 Pa·s) allowed for injection and filling of the bone defect, retention at the defect site during cure under water, and microscale integration of the graft with the bone. Precuring the materials before injection allowed for tuning of the work and set times. Furthermore, storage of the HIPEs before cure for 1 week at 4°C had a negligible effect on pore architecture after injection and cure. These findings indicate the potential of these emulsions to be stored at reduced temperatures and thawed in the surgical suite before injection. Overall, this work highlights the potential of interconnected propylene fumarate dimethacrylate polyHIPEs as injectable scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas
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Moglia RS, Robinson JL, Muschenborn AD, Touchet TJ, Maitland DJ, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Injectable PolyMIPE Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Regeneration. POLYMER 2014; 56:426-434. [PMID: 24563552 PMCID: PMC3927917 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Injury caused by trauma, burns, surgery, or disease often results in soft tissue loss leading to impaired function and permanent disfiguration. Tissue engineering aims to overcome the lack of viable donor tissue by fabricating synthetic scaffolds with the requisite properties and bioactive cues to regenerate these tissues. Biomaterial scaffolds designed to match soft tissue modulus and strength should also retain the elastomeric and fatigue-resistant properties of the tissue. Of particular design importance is the interconnected porous structure of the scaffold needed to support tissue growth by facilitating mass transport. Adequate mass transport is especially true for newly implanted scaffolds that lack vasculature to provide nutrient flux. Common scaffold fabrication strategies often utilize toxic solvents and high temperatures or pressures to achieve the desired porosity. In this study, a polymerized medium internal phase emulsion (polyMIPE) is used to generate an injectable graft that cures to a porous foam at body temperature without toxic solvents. These poly(ester urethane urea) scaffolds possess elastomeric properties with tunable compressive moduli (20-200 kPa) and strengths (4-60 kPa) as well as high recovery after the first conditioning cycle (97-99%). The resultant pore architecture was highly interconnected with large voids (0.5-2 mm) from carbon dioxide generation surrounded by water-templated pores (50-300 μm). The ability to modulate both scaffold pore architecture and mechanical properties by altering emulsion chemistry was demonstrated. Permeability and form factor were experimentally measured to determine the effects of polyMIPE composition on pore interconnectivity. Finally, initial human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) cytocompatibility testing supported the use of these candidate scaffolds in regenerative applications. Overall, these injectable polyMIPE foams show strong promise as a biomaterial scaffold for soft tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Moglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Andrea D. Muschenborn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Tyler J. Touchet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Duncan J. Maitland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
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Moglia RS, Holm JL, Sears NA, Wilson CJ, Harrison DM, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Injectable polyHIPEs as high-porosity bone grafts. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3621-8. [PMID: 21861465 PMCID: PMC3190649 DOI: 10.1021/bm2008839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization of high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) is a relatively new method for the production of high-porosity scaffolds. The tunable architecture of these polyHIPE foams makes them attractive candidates for tissue engineered bone grafts. Previously studied polyHIPE systems require either toxic diluents or high cure temperatures which prohibit their use as an injectable bone graft. In contrast, we have developed an injectable polyHIPE that cures at physiological temperatures to a rigid, high-porosity foam. First, a biodegradable macromer, propylene fumarate dimethacrylate (PFDMA), was synthesized that has appropriate viscosity and hydrophobicity for emulsification. The process of surfactant selection is detailed with particular focus on the key structural features of both polymer (logP values, hydrogen bond acceptor sites) and surfactant (HLB values, hydrogen bond donor sites) that enable stable HIPE formation. Incubation of HIPEs at 37 °C was used to initiate radical cross-linking of the unsaturated double bond of the methacrylate groups to polymerize the continuous phase and lock in the emulsion geometry. The resulting polyHIPEs exhibited ~75% porosity, pore sizes ranging from 4 to 29 μm, and an average compressive modulus and strength of 33 and 5 MPa, respectively. These findings highlight the great potential of these scaffolds as injectable, tissue engineered bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Moglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L. Holm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas A. Sears
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A
| | - Caitlin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Lutheran University, Seguin, Texas, 78155, U.S.A
| | - Dawn M. Harrison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, 77446, U.S.A
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Abbasian Z, Moghbeli MR. Preparation of highly open porous styrene/acrylonitrile and styrene/acrylonitrile/organoclay polymerized high internal phase emulsion (PolyHIPE) foams via emulsion templating. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhu Y, Zhang S, Chen J, Hu CP. High internal phase emulsions prepared with poly(urethane urea) aqueous nanodispersion at different temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhu Y, Zhang S, Hua Y, Chen J, Hu CP. Hydrophilic porous polymers based on high internal phase emulsions solely stabilized by poly(urethane urea) nanoparticles. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gurevitch I, Silverstein MS. Polymerized pickering HIPEs: Effects of synthesis parameters on porous structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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David D, Silverstein MS. Porous polyurethanes synthesized within high internal phase emulsions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Audouin F, Birot M, Pasquinet É, Deleuze H, Besnard O, Poullain D. Synthesis of porous materials by 2-nitroresorcinol/cyanuric chloride thermal polycondensation in emulsions. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Grosse MT, Lamotte M, Birot M, Deleuze H. Preparation of microcellular polysiloxane monoliths. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Leite AL, Kloss J, Trindade EM, Barbosa RV, Cestari AR, Fragoso E, Zawadzki SF. Use of recycled polystyrene with polyurethane in polymer network compositions. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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