1
|
Song KX, Ji SL, Zhao YJ, Zhang HR, Ma RX, Zhang JY, Hu YC. Effects of demineralization mode and particle size of allogeneic bone powder on its physical and chemical properties. Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:203-210. [PMID: 35831637 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
At present, the commonly used allogeneic bone powder in the clinic can be divided into nondemineralized bone matrix and demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Commonly used demineralizers include acids and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). There may be some diversities between them. Also, the size of the bone particle can affects its cell compatibility and osteogenic ability. We produced different particle sizes i.e., < 75, 75-100, 100-315, 315-450, 450-650, and 650-1000 μm, and treated in three ways (nondemineralized, demineralized by EDTA, and demineralized by HCl). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the samples in each group was relatively smooth without obvious differences. The results of specific surface area and porosity analysis showed that they were significantly higher in demineralized bone powder than in nondemineralized bone powder, however, there was no significant difference between the two decalcification methods. The content of hydroxyproline in nondemineralized bone powder and EDTA-demineralized bone powder had no statistical difference, while HCl-demineralization had statistical significance compared with the former two, and the content increased with the decrease of particle size. The protein and BMP-2 extracted from HCl demineralized bone powder were significantly higher than that from nondemineralized bone powder and EDTA demineralized bone powder, and there were differences among different particle sizes. These results suggested the importance of demineralization mode and particle size of the allogenic bone powder and provided guidance for the choice of the most appropriate particle size and demineralization mode to be used in tissue bioengineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Xiu Song
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | | | - Yong-Jie Zhao
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong province, China
| | | | | | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Bone Tumor and Soft Tissue Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefang Southern Road, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Yong-Cheng Hu
- Department of Bone Tumor and Soft Tissue Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jiefang Southern Road, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Verboket RD, Irrle T, Busche Y, Schaible A, Schröder K, Brune JC, Marzi I, Nau C, Henrich D. Fibrous Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM) Improves Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell (BMC)-Supported Bone Healing in Large Femoral Bone Defects in Rats. Cells 2021; 10:1249. [PMID: 34069404 PMCID: PMC8158746 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of large bone defects is a major objective in trauma surgery. Bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMC)-supported bone healing was shown to be efficient after immobilization on a scaffold. We hypothesized that fibrous demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in various forms with BMCs is superior to granular DBM. A total of 65 male SD rats were assigned to five treatment groups: syngenic cancellous bone (SCB), fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM), fibrous demineralized bone matrix densely packed (f-DBM 120%), DBM granules (GDBM) and DBM granules 5% calcium phosphate (GDBM5%Ca2+). BMCs from donor rats were combined with different scaffolds and placed into 5 mm femoral bone defects. After 8 weeks, bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical stability and histology were assessed. Similar biomechanical properties of f-DBM and SCB defects were observed. Similar bone and cartilage formation was found in all groups, but a significantly bigger residual defect size was found in GDBM. High bone healing scores were found in f-DBM (25) and SCB (25). The application of DBM in fiber form combined with the application of BMCs shows promising results comparable to the gold standard, syngenic cancellous bone. Denser packing of fibers or higher amount of calcium phosphate has no positive effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Tanja Irrle
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Yannic Busche
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Jan C. Brune
- German Institute for Cell- and Tissue Replacement (DIZG, gemeinnützige GmbH), 12555 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.I.); (Y.B.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (C.N.); (D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Obregon-Miano F, Fathi A, Rathsam C, Sandoval I, Deheghani F, Spahr A. Injectable porcine bone demineralized and digested extracellular matrix-PEGDA hydrogel blend for bone regeneration. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2020; 31:21. [PMID: 31989310 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has a major role in the structural support and cellular processes of organs and tissues. Proteins extracted from the ECM have been used to fabricate different scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The aims of the present study were to extract, characterize and fabricate a new class of hydrogel with proteins isolated from pig bone ECM and combine them with a synthetic polymer so it could be used to promote bone regeneration. Porcine bone demineralized and digested extracellular matrix (pddECM) containing collagen type I was produced, optimized and sterilized with high pressurized CO2 method. The pddECM was further blended with 20% w/v polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) to create an injectable semi interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN) scaffold with enhanced physicochemical properties. The blend tackled the shortfall of natural polymers, such as lack of structural stability and fast degradation, preserving its structure in more than 90% after 30 days of incubation; thus, increasing the material endurance in a simulated physiological environment. The manufactured injectable hydrogel showed high cytocompatibility with hOb and SaOs-2 cells, promoting osteogenic proliferation within 21 days of culture. The hydrogel had a high compression modulus of 520 kPa, low swelling (5.3 mg/mg) and millimetric volume expansion (19.5%), all of which are favorable characteristics for bone regeneration applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Obregon-Miano
- Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Bioengineering Unit, Westmead Hospital, Centre for Oral Health, Westmead, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Ali Fathi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Catherine Rathsam
- Institute for Dental Research IDR, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Isbel Sandoval
- Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Fariba Deheghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Axel Spahr
- Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saitta ET, Liang R, Lau MCY, Brown CM, Longrich NR, Kaye TG, Novak BJ, Salzberg SL, Norell MA, Abbott GD, Dickinson MR, Vinther J, Bull ID, Brooker RA, Martin P, Donohoe P, Knowles TDJ, Penkman KEH, Onstott T. Cretaceous dinosaur bone contains recent organic material and provides an environment conducive to microbial communities. eLife 2019; 8:e46205. [PMID: 31210129 PMCID: PMC6581507 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fossils were thought to lack original organic molecules, but chemical analyses show that some can survive. Dinosaur bone has been proposed to preserve collagen, osteocytes, and blood vessels. However, proteins and labile lipids are diagenetically unstable, and bone is a porous open system, allowing microbial/molecular flux. These 'soft tissues' have been reinterpreted as biofilms. Organic preservation versus contamination of dinosaur bone was examined by freshly excavating, with aseptic protocols, fossils and sedimentary matrix, and chemically/biologically analyzing them. Fossil 'soft tissues' differed from collagen chemically and structurally; while degradation would be expected, the patterns observed did not support this. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that dinosaur bone hosted an abundant microbial community different from lesser abundant communities of surrounding sediment. Subsurface dinosaur bone is a relatively fertile habitat, attracting microbes that likely utilize inorganic nutrients and complicate identification of original organic material. There exists potential post-burial taphonomic roles for subsurface microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Saitta
- Integrative Research Center, Section of Earth SciencesField Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoUnited States
| | - Renxing Liang
- Department of GeosciencesPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| | - Maggie CY Lau
- Department of GeosciencesPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Caleb M Brown
- Royal Tyrrell Museum of PalaeontologyDrumhellerCanada
| | - Nicholas R Longrich
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBathUnited Kingdom
- Milner Centre for EvolutionUniversity of BathBathUnited Kingdom
| | - Thomas G Kaye
- Foundation for Scientific AdvancementSierra VistaUnited States
| | - Ben J Novak
- Revive and RestoreSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Steven L Salzberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Computer Science, Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Mark A Norell
- Division of PaleontologyAmerican Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkUnited States
| | - Geoffrey D Abbott
- School of Natural and Environmental SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Jakob Vinther
- School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Ian D Bull
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Martin
- School of PhysicsUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Paul Donohoe
- School of Natural and Environmental SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Timothy DJ Knowles
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- School of ArtsUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Tullis Onstott
- Department of GeosciencesPrinceton UniversityPrincetonUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Murray SS, Brochmann EJ, Harker JO, King E, Lollis RJ, Khaliq SA. A Statistical Model to Allow the Phasing Out of the Animal Testing of Demineralised Bone Matrix Products. Altern Lab Anim 2019; 35:405-9. [PMID: 17850186 DOI: 10.1177/026119290703500412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Demineralised bone matrix (DBM) products are complex mixtures of proteins known to influence bone growth, turnover, and repair. They are used extensively in orthopaedic surgery, and are bioassayed in vivo prior to being used in clinical applications. Many factors contribute to the osteogenic potency of DBM, but the relative contributions of these factors, as well as the possibility of interactive effects, are not completely defined. The “gold standard” measure of the therapeutic value of DBM, the in vivo assay for ectopic bone formation, is costly, time-consuming, and involves the use of numerous animal subjects. We have measured the levels of five growth factors released by the collagenase digestion of DBM, and statistically related these levels with osteogenic potency as determined by a standard in vivo model, in order to determine which value or combination of values of growth factors best predict osteogenic activity. We conclude that the level of BMP-2 is the best single predictor of osteogenic potency, and that adding the values of other growth factors only minimally increases the predictive power of the BMP-2 measurement. A small, but significant, interactive effect between BMP-2 and BMP-7 was demonstrated. We present a statistical model based on growth factor (e.g. BMP-2) analysis that best predicts the in vivo assay score for DBM. This model allows the investigator to predict which lots of DBM are likely to exhibit in vivo bioactivity and which are not, thus reducing the need to conduct in vivo testing of insufficiently active lots of DBM. This model uses cut-point analysis to allow the user to assign an estimate of acceptable uncertainty with respect to the “gold standard” test. This procedure will significantly reduce the number of animal subjects used to test DBM products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Murray
- GRECC (11-E), VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Sepulveda, CA 91343, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strauss FJ, Stähli A, Beer L, Mitulović G, Gilmozzi V, Haspel N, Schwab G, Gruber R. Acid bone lysate activates TGFβ signalling in human oral fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16065. [PMID: 30375456 PMCID: PMC6207660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix is a widely used allograft from which not only the inorganic mineral but also embedded growth factors are removed by hydrochloric acid (HCl). The cellular response to the growth factors released during the preparation of demineralized bone matrix, however, has not been studied. Here we investigated the in vitro impact of acid bone lysate (ABL) prepared from porcine cortical bone chips on oral fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis of ABL revealed a large spectrum of bone-derived proteins including TGF-β1. Whole genome microarrays and RT-PCR together with the pharmacologic blocking of TGF-β receptor type I kinase with SB431542 showed that ABL activates the TGF-β target genes interleukin 11, proteoglycan 4, and NADPH oxidase 4. Interleukin 11 expression was confirmed at the protein level by ELISA. Immunofluorescence and Western blot showed the nuclear localization of Smad2/3 and increased phosphorylation of Smad3 with ABL, respectively. This effect was independent of whether ABL was prepared from mandible, calvaria or tibia. These results demonstrate that TGF-β is a major growth factor that is removed upon the preparation of demineralized bone matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Josef Strauss
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone 943, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucian Beer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Goran Mitulović
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine Proteomics Core Facility, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentina Gilmozzi
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Haspel
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhild Schwab
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bas M, Cardona L. Effects of skeletal element identity, delipidation and demineralization on the analysis of stable isotope ratios of C and N in fish bone. J Fish Biol 2018; 92:420-437. [PMID: 29235096 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope ratios of C and N in the bone tissue of three different skeletal elements (angular, cleithrum and vertebra) of three fish species from different evolutionary lineages (Clupeiformes, Atheriniformes and Notothenioidei) were determined before (δ13 Cbulk and δ15 Nbulk ) and after demineralization and delipidation (δ13 Cdml and δ15 Ndml ). One of the species had cellular bone and the other two had acellular bone. Results revealed that δ15 N and δ13 C values from different skeletal elements were interchangeable in species with acellular bone, but caution was needed in species with cellular bone, as δ15 N values varied among skeletal elements. Furthermore, δ15 Nbulk values were significantly lower than δ15 Ndml values in the three species, thus suggesting that they are not comparable. This difference is probably because δ15 Nbulk refers to total bone protein and δ15 Ndml to collagen only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bas
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), C/Bernardo Houssay 200, 9410, Ushuaia, Argentina
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Cardona
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Science, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xing J, Mei T, Luo K, Li Z, Yang A, Li Z, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Dong S, Hou T, Xu J, Luo F. A nano-scaled and multi-layered recombinant fibronectin/cadherin chimera composite selectively concentrates osteogenesis-related cells and factors to aid bone repair. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:470-482. [PMID: 28193541 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Easily accessible and effective bone grafts are in urgent need in clinic. The selective cell retention (SCR) strategy, by which osteogenesis-related cells and factors are enriched from bone marrow into bio-scaffolds, holds great promise. However, the retention efficacy is limited by the relatively low densities of osteogenesis-related cells and factors in marrow; in addition, a lack of satisfactory surface modifiers for scaffolds further exacerbates the dilemma. To address this issue, a multi-layered construct consisting of a recombinant fibronectin/cadherin chimera was established via a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique (LBL-rFN/CDH) and used to modify demineralised bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds. The modification was proven stable and effective. By the mechanisms of physical interception and more importantly, chemical recognition (fibronectin/integrins), the LBL-rFN/CDH modification significantly improved the retention efficacy and selectivity for osteogenesis-related cells, e.g., monocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and bioactive factors, e.g., bFGF, BMP-2 and SDF-1α. Moreover, the resulting composite (designated as DBM-LBL-rFN/CDH) not only exhibited a strong MSC-recruiting capacity after SCR, but also provided favourable microenvironments for the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Eventually, bone repair was evidently improved. Collectively, DBM-LBL-rFN/CDH presented a suitable biomaterial for SCR and a promising solution for tremendous need for bone grafts. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE There is an urgent need for effective bone grafts. With the potential of integrating osteogenicity, osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity, selective cell retention (SCR) technology brings hope for developing ideal grafts. However, it is constrained by low efficacy and selectivity. Thus, we modified demineralized bone matrix with nano-scaled and multi-layered recombinant fibronectin/cadherin chimera (DBM-rFN/CDH-LBL), and evaluate its effects on SCR and bone repair. DBM-rFN/CDH-LBL significantly improved the efficacy and selectivity of SCR via physical interception and chemical recognition. The post-enriched DBM-rFN/CDH-LBL provided favourable microenvironments to facilitate the migration, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, thus accelerating bone repair. Conclusively, DBM-rFN/CDH-LBL presents a novel biomaterial with advantages including high cost-effectiveness, more convenience for storage and transport and can be rapidly constructed intraoperatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Tieniu Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Keyu Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Aijun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Department of Spine, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou Command of CPLA, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zhao Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyong Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, National & Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China; Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
de Mesquita AQ, Barbieri G, Barbieri CH. Correlation between ultrasound velocity and densitometry in fresh and demineralized cortical bone. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2016; 71:657-663. [PMID: 27982167 PMCID: PMC5108171 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2016(11)07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare ultrasound propagation velocity with densitometry in the diaphyseal compact cortical bone of whole sheep metatarsals. METHODS: The transverse ultrasound velocity and bone mineral density of 5-cm-long diaphyseal bone segments were first measured. The bone segments were then divided into four groups of 15 segments each and demineralized in an aqueous 0.5 N hydrochloric acid solution for 6, 12, 24 or 36 hours. All measurements were repeated after demineralization for each time duration and the values measured before and after demineralization were compared. RESULTS: Ultrasound velocity and bone mineral density decreased with demineralization time, and most differences in the pre- and post-demineralization values within each group and between groups were significant: A moderate correlation coefficient (r=0.75956) together with a moderate agreement was determined between both post-demineralization parameters, detected by the Bland-Altman method. CONCLUSION: We conclude that both ultrasound velocity and bone mineral density decrease as a result of demineralization, thus indicating that bone mineral content is of great importance for maintaining the acoustic parameters of cortical bone, as observed for cancellous bone. Ultrasound velocity can be used to evaluate both compact cortical bone quality and bone mineral density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Queiroz de Mesquita
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biomecânica, Medicina e Reabilitação do Aparelho Locomotor, Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Giuliano Barbieri
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biomecânica, Medicina e Reabilitação do Aparelho Locomotor, Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Henrique Barbieri
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Biomecânica, Medicina e Reabilitação do Aparelho Locomotor, Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Krege JB, Aref MW, McNerny E, Wallace JM, Organ JM, Allen MR. Reference point indentation is insufficient for detecting alterations in traditional mechanical properties of bone under common experimental conditions. Bone 2016; 87:97-101. [PMID: 27072518 PMCID: PMC4862890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Reference point indentation (RPI) was developed as a novel method to assess mechanical properties of bone in vivo, yet it remains unclear what aspects of bone dictate changes/differences in RPI-based parameters. The main RPI parameter, indentation distance increase (IDI), has been proposed to be inversely related to the ability of bone to form/tolerate damage. The goal of this work was to explore the relationshipre-intervention RPI measurebetween RPI parameters and traditional mechanical properties under varying experimental conditions (drying and ashing bones to increase brittleness, demineralizing bones and soaking in raloxifene to decrease brittleness). Beams were machined from cadaveric bone, pre-tested with RPI, subjected to experimental manipulation, post-tested with RPI, and then subjected to four-point bending to failure. Drying and ashing significantly reduced RPI's IDI, as well as ultimate load (UL), and energy absorption measured from bending tests. Demineralization increased IDI with minimal change to bending properties. Ex vivo soaking in raloxifene had no effect on IDI but tended to enhance post-yield behavior at the structural level. These data challenge the paradigm of an inverse relationship between IDI and bone toughness, both through correlation analyses and in the individual experiments where divergent patterns of altered IDI and mechanical properties were noted. Based on these results, we conclude that RPI measurements alone, as compared to bending tests, are insufficient to reach conclusions regarding mechanical properties of bone. This proves problematic for the potential clinical use of RPI measurements in determining fracture risk for a single patient, as it is not currently clear that there is an IDI, or even a trend of IDI, that can determine clinically relevant changes in tissue properties that may contribute to whole bone fracture resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John B Krege
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Mohammad W Aref
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Erin McNerny
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Joseph M Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jason M Organ
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew R Allen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ryabov A, Lekishvili M. Diagnosis and surgical treatment of defects in the wall of the orbit of children and adults using demineralized bone allografts. Cell Tissue Bank 2016; 17:457-64. [PMID: 27139893 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-016-9561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Accuracy of diagnosis defines the quality of treatment in patients with traumatic damage to eyelet walls. In this area, complex functional and anatomical breaches are typical and require full characterization of pathological changes in bone and soft tissue structures. A new plastic material with a high degree level of demineralization called "Perfoost" can be used to treat defects in the bones of the face of children and adults. In the present study, 79 patients with fractured eyelet walls were treated between 1999 and 2006 by grafting the defect wall with demineralized bone allografts. Grafts were applied from 2 days to 18 months after trauma. Magnetic resonance computer CT was used to check the realignment of allografts every 6 months after the reconstructive operation. The post-operative period of the observation was from 6 months to 7 years after the operation. Good or satisfactory results were obtained for 97.47 % of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Ryabov
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Moscow Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute, Parkovaya Street 16-9, Shelkovo, Russia, 141102.
| | - Mikhail Lekishvili
- Tissue Bank, Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Moscow, Suzdalskaya Street 10-2-101, Moscow, Russia, 111673
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Robinson JL, McEnery MA, Pearce H, Whitely ME, Munoz-Pinto DJ, Hahn MS, Li H, Sears NA, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Osteoinductive PolyHIPE Foams as Injectable Bone Grafts. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:403-14. [PMID: 26739120 PMCID: PMC4800270 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently fabricated biodegradable polyHIPEs as injectable bone grafts and characterized the mechanical properties, pore architecture, and cure rates. In this study, calcium phosphate nanoparticles and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles were incorporated into injectable polyHIPE foams to promote osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Upon incorporation of each type of particle, stable monoliths were formed with compressive properties comparable to control polyHIPEs. Pore size quantification indicated a negligible effect of all particles on emulsion stability and resulting pore architecture. Alizarin red calcium staining illustrated the incorporation of calcium phosphate particles at the pore surface, while picrosirius red collagen staining illustrated collagen-rich DBM particles within the monoliths. Osteoinductive particles had a negligible effect on the compressive modulus (∼30 MPa), which remained comparable to human cancellous bone values. All polyHIPE compositions promoted human MSC viability (∼90%) through 2 weeks. Furthermore, gene expression analysis indicated the ability of all polyHIPE compositions to promote osteogenic differentiation through the upregulation of bone-specific markers compared to a time zero control. These findings illustrate the potential for these osteoinductive polyHIPEs to promote osteogenesis and validate future in vivo evaluation. Overall, this work demonstrates the ability to incorporate a range of bioactive components into propylene fumarate dimethacrylate-based injectable polyHIPEs to increase cellular interactions and direct specific behavior without compromising scaffold architecture and resulting properties for various tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Madison A.P. McEnery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Hannah Pearce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Michael E. Whitely
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Dany J. Munoz-Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Huinan Li
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Nicholas A. Sears
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Neagu TP, Enache V, Cocoloş I, Ţigliş M, Cobilinschi C, Ţincu R. Experimental study in order to assess the effects of limited periosteum stripping on the fracture healing and to compare osteosynthesis using plates and screws with intramedullary Kirschner wire fixation. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2016; 57:437-443. [PMID: 27516016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There are many studies that investigate indirect and direct fracture healing but few mention the effect of periosteum stripping on consolidation of fractures. Most of these studies use only one method of osteosynthesis for each group. Therefore, we reported a new developed murine model in order to assess if limited periosteum stripping influence significantly the quality of the fracture healing process by comparing two different osteosynthesis methods to reduce simultaneously bilateral femur fractures. We applied the experimental protocol for a number of 12 rats. We used plates and screws to reduce femoral osteotomy for the right hind limb and intramedullary Kirschner wire for the left hind limb. Clinical, radiological and histological assessments were made for a period of eight weeks. The absence of a healthy hind limb led to a slower healing process based on the histological findings and to implant failure based on radiological findings. In summary, complete fracture healing was not achieved during this experimental study. Therefore, we consider that future studies are needed for a better understanding of the effects of periosteum removal on the fracture healing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiberiu Paul Neagu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Romania;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang X, Li Y, Han R, He C, Wang G, Wang J, Zheng J, Pei M, Wei L. Demineralized bone matrix combined bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-β3 gene promoted pig cartilage defect repair. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116061. [PMID: 25545777 PMCID: PMC4278773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate whether a combination of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) infected with adenovirus-mediated- bone morphogenetic protein (Ad-BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β3 (Ad-TGF-β3) promotes the repair of the full-thickness cartilage lesions in pig model. Methods BMSCs isolated from pig were cultured and infected with Ad-BMP-2(B group), Ad-TGF-β3 (T group), Ad-BMP-2 + Ad-TGF-β3(BT group), cells infected with empty Ad served as a negative group(N group), the expression of the BMP-2 and TGF-β3 were confirmed by immunofluorescence, PCR, and ELISA, the expression of SOX-9, type II collagen(COL-2A), aggrecan (ACAN) in each group were evaluated by real-time PCR at 1w, 2w, 3w, respectively. The chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs was evaluated by type II collagen at 21d with immunohistochemical staining. The third-passage BMSCs infected with Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 were suspended and cultured with DBM for 6 days to construct a new type of tissue engineering scaffold to repair full-thickness cartilage lesions in the femur condyles of pig knee, the regenerated tissue was evaluated at 1,2 and 3 months after surgery by gross appearance, H&E, safranin O staining and O'driscoll score. Results Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 (BT group) infected cells acquired strong type II collagen staining compared with Ad-BMP-2 (B group) and Ad-TGF-β3 (T group) along. The Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 infected BMSCs adhered and propagated well in DBM and the new type of tissue engineering scaffold produced hyaline cartilage morphology containing a stronger type II collagen and safranin O staining, the O'driscoll score was higher than other groups. Conclusions The DBM compound with Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 infected BMSCs scaffold has a good biocompatibility and could well induce cartilage regeneration to repair the defects of joint cartilage. This technology may be efficiently employed for cartilage lesions repair in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Diabetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiali Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Pei
- Department of Orthopedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, United States of America
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xie Y, Li H, Yuan J, Fu L, Yang J, Zhang P. A prospective randomized comparison of PEEK cage containing calcium sulphate or demineralized bone matrix with autograft in anterior cervical interbody fusion. Int Orthop 2014; 39:1129-36. [PMID: 25432324 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-014-2610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A variety of bone substitutes have been successfully used to fill PEEK cages in cervical interbody fusion in order to avoid the complications related to bone harvesting from the donor site. However, no controlled study has previously been conducted to compare the effectiveness of PEEK interbody cages containing calcium sulphate/ demineralized bone matrix (CS/DBM) with autogenous cancellous bone for the treatment of cervical spondylosis. The objective of this prospective, randomized clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of implanting PEEK cages containing CS/DBM for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and/or myelopathy. METHODS Sixty-eight patients with cervical radiculopathy and/or myelopathy were randomly assigned to receive one- or two-level discectomy and fusion with PEEK interbody cages containing CS/DBM or autogenous iliac cancellous bone (AIB). The patients were followed up for two years postoperatively. The radiological and clinical outcomes were assessed during a two-year follow-up. RESULTS The mean blood loss was 75 ± 18.5 ml in the CS/DBM group and 100 ± 19.6 ml (P < 0.01) in the AIB group. The fusion rate was 94.3 % in the CS/DBM group and 100 % in the AIB group at 12-month follow-up. The fusion rate was 100 % at final follow-up in both groups. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was found regarding improvement of JOA score and segmental lordosis as well as neck and arm pain at all time intervals between the two groups. The total complication rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the AIB group than in the CS/DBM group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05) when comparing the complications in the neck. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the PEEK interbody fusion cage containing CS/DBM or AIB following one- or two-level discectomy had a similar outcome for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and/or myelopathy. The rate of fusion and the recovery rate of JOA score between the two groups were the same. The filling of CS/DBM in the PEEK cage instead of AIB has the advantage of less operative blood loss and fewer complications at the donor site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youzhuan Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Leszczak V, Place LW, Franz N, Popat KC, Kipper MJ. Nanostructured biomaterials from electrospun demineralized bone matrix: a survey of processing and crosslinking strategies. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:9328-9337. [PMID: 24865253 DOI: 10.1021/am501700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the design of scaffolds for tissue engineering biochemical function and nanoscale features are of particular interest. Natural polymers provide a wealth of biochemical function, but do not have the processability of synthetic polymers, limiting their ability to mimic the hierarchy of structures in the natural extracellular matrix. Thus, they are often combined with synthetic carrier polymers to enable processing. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM), a natural polymer, is allograft bone with inorganic material removed. DBM contains the protein components of bone, which includes adhesion ligands and osteoinductive signals, such as important growth factors. Herein we describe a novel method for tuning the nanostructure of DBM through electrospinning without the use of a carrier polymer. This work surveys solvents and solvent blends for electrospinning DBM. Blends of hexafluoroisopropanol and trifluoroacetic acid are studied in detail. The effects of DBM concentration and dissolution time on solution viscosity are also reported and correlated to observed differences in electrospun fiber morphology. We also present a survey of techniques to stabilize the resultant fibers with respect to aqueous environments. Glutaraldehyde vapor treatment is successful at maintaining both macroscopic and microscopic structure of the electrospun DBM fibers. Finally, we report results from tensile testing of stabilized DBM nanofiber mats, and preliminary evaluation of their cytocompatibility. The DBM nanofiber mats exhibit good cytocompatibility toward human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) in a 4-day culture; neither the electrospun solvents nor the cross-linking results in any measurable residual cytotoxicity toward HDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Leszczak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, §Department of Biology, and ⊥Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University , 1370 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arjmand B, Aghayan HR, Larijani B, Sahebjam M, Ghaderi F, Goodarzi P. The effect of gamma irradiation on the osteoinductivity of demineralized human bone allograft. Acta Med Iran 2014; 52:215-219. [PMID: 24901725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The gamma irradiation has been used for end sterilization of allograft bones and its effects with a 25 kGy dosage on the osteoinductive properties of demineralized bone allograft powder was studied. This work carried out using an experimental method in an animal model. In this study the demineralized bone allograft powder which had been sterilized and prepared with gamma irradiation in a 25 kGy dosage in 18 hours, was used as a study group and the demineralized bone allograft powder which had been prepared aseptically was used as the reference group. 30 mg of bone powder from each group were implanted into right and left paravertebral muscles of eighteen rats, separately. After four weeks, the implanted samples were harvested with a 0.5 cm border and then the osteoinductivity of implants in two groups were compared with histopathologic studies. In 94.4% of the reference samples a new bone formation was observed. In the study group, this difference was observed only in 27.7% of samples (P<0.002). It appears that using gamma irradiation may lead to a reduction in osteoinduction properties of demineralized bone allograft powder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Aghayan
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrnaz Sahebjam
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Firoozeh Ghaderi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Cellul Fanavaran Knowledge-Based Organization, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rodriguez DE, Thula-Mata T, Toro EJ, Yeh YW, Holt C, Holliday LS, Gower LB. Multifunctional role of osteopontin in directing intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen and activation of osteoclasts. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:494-507. [PMID: 24140612 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mineralized collagen composites are of interest because they have the potential to provide a bone-like scaffold that stimulates the natural processes of resorption and remodeling. Working towards this goal, our group has previously shown that the nanostructure of bone can be reproduced using a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process, which enables intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen with hydroxyapatite to be achieved. This prior work used polyaspartic acid (pASP), a simple mimic for acidic non-collagenous proteins, to generate nanodroplets/nanoparticles of an amorphous mineral precursor which can infiltrate the interstices of type-I collagen fibrils. In this study we show that osteopontin (OPN) can similarly serve as a process-directing agent for the intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen, even though OPN is generally considered a mineralization inhibitor. We also found that inclusion of OPN in the mineralization process promotes the interaction of mouse marrow-derived osteoclasts with PILP-remineralized bone that was previously demineralized, as measured by actin ring formation. While osteoclast activation occurred when pASP was used as the process-directing agent, using OPN resulted in a dramatic effect on osteoclast activation, presumably because of the inherent arginine-glycine-aspartate acid ligands of OPN. By capitalizing on the multifunctionality of OPN, these studies may lead the way to producing biomimetic bone substitutes with the capability of tailorable bioresorption rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6400, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tabrizi R, Khorshidi H, Shahidi S, Gholami M, Kalbasi S, Khayati A. Use of lincomycin-impregnated demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft in the periodontal defect after third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 72:850-7. [PMID: 24560173 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the periodontal regenerative capacity of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) alone or used with local lincomycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present single-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial, 20 subjects 26 years old or older, requiring extraction of bilateral third molars (M3s), were included. Each subject was randomly assigned to receive either DFDBA or DFDBA plus lincomycin therapy. Within the subjects, 1 M3 site was randomly selected to be the experimental site and the contralateral served as the control and was permitted to heal without intervention. The primary variables were changes in the probing depth (PD), clinical alveolar bone levels (ABLs), and radiographic alveolar bone density (ABD) on the distal aspect of second molar between baseline (immediately postoperatively) and 26 weeks postoperatively (T26). Appropriate sample sizes and descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were computed. RESULTS For both treatment and control sites, between T0 and T26, statistically significant improvements were seen in the ABLs and ABD (P < .05). Within-subject comparisons showed no significant differences in PD, ABL, or ABD between the treatment and control M3 sites at T0 or T26 (P > .05). Also, no significant differences were found in the PD, ABL, or ABD between the 2 treatment M3 sites at T26 (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study have revealed that the PD, ABL, and ABD improved after M3 removal in subjects 26 years old or older, irrespective of the treatment or control group. Reconstructive procedures (e.g., DFDBA with or without lincomycin therapy) did not offer predictable benefits compared with a no-treatment protocol in patients younger than 30 years old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Tabrizi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Science School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hooman Khorshidi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Shiraz University of Medical Science School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shoaleh Shahidi
- Associate Professor, Biomaterial Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Science School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Gholami
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Khorasan University of Medical Science School of Dentistry, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Saman Kalbasi
- Senior Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Science School of Dentistry, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Adell Khayati
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kordestan University of Medical Science, School of Dentistry, Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yuan W, James AW, Asatrian G, Shen J, Zara JN, Tian HJ, Siu RK, Zhang X, Wang JC, Dong J. NELL-1 based demineralized bone graft promotes rat spine fusion as compared to commercially available BMP-2 product. J Orthop Sci 2013; 18:646-57. [PMID: 23686083 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-013-0390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal fusion is among the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures. Unfortunately, current treatments such as autologous bone grafting or recombinant proteins (BMP-2) have numerous clinical shortcomings. Here, we directly compare the efficacy of NELL-1, a novel osteoinductive growth factor, to two currently available treatments, (1) recombinant BMP-2 and (2) iliac crest bone grafting, in a spinal fusion model. METHODS Twenty-six skeletally mature athymic rats underwent posterolateral spine fusion of L4/L5 vertebrae. Treatment groups included NELL-1 (10 and 50 μg) in a demineralized bone matrix (DBX), as compared to BMP-2 (90 μg) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) or morselized iliac crest bone. Scaffolds without recombinant protein were used as controls. Animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks post-operative and fusion was assessed by manual palpation, radiography [high-resolution X-ray, micro-computed tomography (microCT)], histology (hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome) and immunohistochemistry (osteocalcin). RESULTS Results showed 100 % fusion in all NELL-1- and BMP-2-treated samples. In contrast, lower rates of fusion were observed in scaffold-only and bone graft treatment groups. MicroCT scans revealed radiographic evidence of fusion among spines treated with NELL-1. Bone bridging was also observed with BMP-2 treatment, but was accompanied by inner radiolucency, suggesting cyst-like bone formation. Histologically, NELL-1-treated grafts showed increased bone formation, endochondral ossification and vascularization. Although BMP-2 treated grafts exhibited increased bone formation and angiogenesis, numerous adipocytes were also observed. CONCLUSION NELL-1-based bone grafts are comparable to BMP-2 + ACS in spinal fusion efficacy. Histological differences were observed however, including robust endochondral ossification with NELL-1 treatment as compared to lipid-filled bone with BMP-2 treatment. These findings suggest NELL-1 based bone grafts show promise for future efforts in skeletal tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, FudanUniversity, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.e-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gruskin E, Doll BA, Futrell FW, Schmitz JP, Hollinger JO. Demineralized bone matrix in bone repair: history and use. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1063-77. [PMID: 22728914 PMCID: PMC7103314 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is an osteoconductive and osteoinductive commercial biomaterial and approved medical device used in bone defects with a long track record of clinical use in diverse forms. True to its name and as an acid-extracted organic matrix from human bone sources, DBM retains much of the proteinaceous components native to bone, with small amounts of calcium-based solids, inorganic phosphates and some trace cell debris. Many of DBM's proteinaceous components (e.g., growth factors) are known to be potent osteogenic agents. Commercially sourced as putty, paste, sheets and flexible pieces, DBM provides a degradable matrix facilitating endogenous release of these compounds to the bone wound sites where it is surgically placed to fill bone defects, inducing new bone formation and accelerating healing. Given DBM's long clinical track record and commercial accessibility in standard forms and sources, opportunities to further develop and validate DBM as a versatile bone biomaterial in orthopedic repair and regenerative medicine contexts are attractive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elliott Gruskin
- Synthes USA, 1302 Wrights Lane East, West Chester, PA 19380, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cadena EA, Schweitzer MH. Variation in osteocytes morphology vs bone type in turtle shell and their exceptional preservation from the Jurassic to the present. Bone 2012; 51:614-20. [PMID: 22584008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe variations in osteocytes derived from each of the three bone layers that comprise the turtle shell. We examine osteocytes in bone from four extant turtle species to form a morphological 'baseline', and then compare these with morphologies of osteocytes preserved in Cenozoic and Mesozoic fossils. Two different morphotypes of osteocytes are recognized: flattened-oblate osteocytes (FO osteocytes), which are particularly abundant in the internal cortex and lamellae of secondary osteons in cancellous bone, and stellate osteocytes (SO osteocytes), principally present in the interstitial lamellae between secondary osteons and external cortex. We show that the morphology of osteocytes in each of the three bone layers is conserved through ontogeny. We also demonstrate that these morphological variations are phylogenetically independent, as well as independent of the bone origin (intramembranous or endochondral). Preservation of microstructures consistent with osteocytes in the morphology in Cenozoic and Mesozoic fossil turtle bones appears to be common, and occurs in diverse diagenetic environments including marine, freshwater, and terrestrial deposits. These data have potential to illuminate aspects of turtle biology and evolution previously unapproachable, such as estimates of genome size of extinct species, differences in metabolic rates among different bones from a single individual, and potential function of osteocytes as capsules for preservation of ancient biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin A Cadena
- Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tian M, Yang Z, Kuwahara K, Nimni ME, Wan C, Han B. Delivery of demineralized bone matrix powder using a thermogelling chitosan carrier. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:753-62. [PMID: 22079781 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) powder is widely used for bone regeneration due to its osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity. However, difficulties with handling, its tendency to migrate from graft sites, and lack of stability after surgery can sometimes limit the clinical utility of this material. In this work, the possibility of using a thermogelling chitosan carrier to deliver DBM powder was assessed. The DBM-thermogelling putty improved handling and formed a gel-like composite in situ at body temperature within a clinically relevant time period. The properties of the formed composite, including morphology, porosity, mechanical properties, equilibrium swelling as well as degradability, are significantly influenced by the ratio of DBM to thermogelling chitosan. The in vitro study showed that the alkaline phosphatase activity of C2C12 cells encapsulated in the composite was steadily increased with culture time. The in vivo study showed that increased DBM content in the DBM-thermogelling chitosan induced ectopic bone formation in a nude rat model. The diffusion of growth factor from the DBM-thermogelling chitosan as well as the host-implant interactions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Abstract
Bone is a hierarchically structured composite consisting of a protein phase (type I collagen) and a mineral phase (carbonated apatite). The objective of this study was to investigate the hierarchical structure of mineral in mature bone. A method to completely deproteinize bone without altering the original structure is developed, and the completion is confirmed by protein analysis techniques. Stereoscopy and field emission electron microscopy are used to examine the structural features from submillimeter- to micrometer- to nanometer-length scales of bovine femur cancellous bone. Stereoscopic images of fully deproteinized and demineralized bovine femur cancellous bone samples show that fine trabecular architecture is unaltered and the microstructural features are preserved, indicating the structural integrity of mineral and protein constituents. SEM revealed that bone minerals are fused together and form a sheet-like structure in a coherent manner with collagen fibrils. Well-organized pore systems are observed at varying hierarchical levels. Mineral sheets are peeled off and folded after compressive deformation, implying strong connection between individual crystallites. Results were compared with commercially available heat-deproteinized bone (Bio-Oss(®)), and evidence showed consistency in bone mineral structure. A two-phase interpenetrating composite model of mature bone is proposed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411 USA
| | - Damon Toroian
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0322 USA
| | - Paul A. Price
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0322 USA
| | - Joanna McKittrick
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411 USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang S, Falk MM, Rashad A, Saad MM, Marques AC, Almeida RM, Marei MK, Jain H. Evaluation of 3D nano-macro porous bioactive glass scaffold for hard tissue engineering. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2011; 22:1195-1203. [PMID: 21445655 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nano-macro dual-porous, three-dimensional (3D) glass structures were developed for use as bioscaffolds for hard tissue regeneration, but there have been concerns regarding the interconnectivity and homogeneity of nanopores in the scaffolds, as well as the cytotoxicity of the environment deep inside due to limited fluid access. Therefore, mercury porosimetry, nitrogen absorption, and TEM have been used to characterize nanopore network of the scaffolds. In parallel, viability of MG 63 human osteosarcoma cells seeded on scaffold surface was investigated by fluorescence, confocal and electron microscopy methods. The results show that cells attach, migrate and penetrate inside the glass scaffold with high proliferation and viability rate. Additionally, scaffolds were implanted under the skin of a male New Zealand rabbit for in vivo animal test. Initial observations show the formation of new tissue with blood vessels and collagen fibers deep inside the implanted scaffolds with no obvious inflammatory reaction. Thus, the new nano-macro dual-porous glass structure could be a promising bioscaffold for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rath SN, Pryymachuk G, Bleiziffer OA, Lam CXF, Arkudas A, Ho STB, Beier JP, Horch RE, Hutmacher DW, Kneser U. Hyaluronan-based heparin-incorporated hydrogels for generation of axially vascularized bioartificial bone tissues: in vitro and in vivo evaluation in a PLDLLA-TCP-PCL-composite system. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2011; 22:1279-1291. [PMID: 21448669 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Smart matrices are required in bone tissue-engineered grafts that provide an optimal environment for cells and retain osteo-inductive factors for sustained biological activity. We hypothesized that a slow-degrading heparin-incorporated hyaluronan (HA) hydrogel can preserve BMP-2; while an arterio-venous (A-V) loop can support axial vascularization to provide nutrition for a bio-artificial bone graft. HA was evaluated for osteoblast growth and BMP-2 release. Porous PLDLLA-TCP-PCL scaffolds were produced by rapid prototyping technology and applied in vivo along with HA-hydrogel, loaded with either primary osteoblasts or BMP-2. A microsurgically created A-V loop was placed around the scaffold, encased in an isolation chamber in Lewis rats. HA-hydrogel supported growth of osteoblasts over 8 weeks and allowed sustained release of BMP-2 over 35 days. The A-V loop provided an angiogenic stimulus with the formation of vascularized tissue in the scaffolds. Bone-specific genes were detected by real time RT-PCR after 8 weeks. However, no significant amount of bone was observed histologically. The heterotopic isolation chamber in combination with absent biomechanical stimulation might explain the insufficient bone formation despite adequate expression of bone-related genes. Optimization of the interplay of osteogenic cells and osteo-inductive factors might eventually generate sufficient amounts of axially vascularized bone grafts for reconstructive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subha N Rath
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Erlangen Medical Center, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao J, Chen M, Cui G, Tang S, Huang L, He L, Xia R. [Investigate of DNA extraction of os cervi]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2011; 36:370-374. [PMID: 21585046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a convenient, practical and high efficient method of DNA extraction of os cervi, and lay the foundation of identification of animal bones. METHOD The bones of sika deer, red deer, cattle, dog and pig were used to extract DNA under different decalcification time (24,48,72 h) and decalcification temperature (4,25,37,56,70 degrees C), and extract method. RESULT It proved by experiments that demineralization process promotes the cracking of osteocyte. In a broad of decalcification time and temperature, DNA could be extracted from all bone samples successfully while the quantity varied slightly. CONCLUSION Samples (about 0.1 g) decalcify with 0. mol x L(-1) EDTA at 4 degrees C for 24 h, then water-bath for 1 h after lysis buffer added, DNA extracted via the method above is of high quality and can be used for PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bigham AS, Shadkhast M, Bigham Sadegh A, Shafiei Z, Lakzian A, Khalegi MR. Evaluation of osteoinduction properties of the demineralized bovine foetal growth plate powder as a new xenogenic biomaterial in rat. Res Vet Sci 2011; 91:306-10. [PMID: 21216415 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was evaluation of osteoinductive properties of demineralized bovine foetal growth plate in submuscular transplantation (ectopic osteoinduction) as a new xenogenic biomaterial in rat model. Demineralized bovine foetal growth plate was ectopically implanted in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats. In 18 of the animals under aseptic conditions two submuscular pouches were created between external and internal oblique abdominal muscles in the two flanks: the right was left empty (sham) and the left was filled with 20mg of demineralized bovine foetal growth plate powder. Radiographs were taken in 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the surgery, then six animals were pharmacologically euthanized after 2, 4 and 6 weeks for histopathological evaluation. Results showed: (1) osteoinductivity of xenogenic demineralized bovine foetal growth plate powder, and (2) earlier mineralization of ectopically implanted demineralized bovine foetal growth plate in the submuscular implanted area. Our results show that submuscular implantation of xenogenic demineralized bovine foetal growth plate has osteoinductive properties in a rat model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Bigham
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Patterson P. Making good choices of DBM products. OR Manager 2010; 26:13-15. [PMID: 21171555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
|
31
|
Biswas D, Bible JE, Whang PH, Miller CP, Jaw R, Miller S, Grauer JN. Augmented demineralized bone matrix: a potential alternative for posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2010; 39:531-538. [PMID: 21623419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Variable osteoinductive potential has been reported between and within production lots of different demineralized bone matrix (DBM) products. This study compared fusion rates of different manufactured lots and augmented formulations of DBM with a dose-response curve of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on inactivated DBM carrier in a posterolateral fusion rat model. Lumbar fusions were performed in 145 rats. In the control rats, we implanted autograft, graft alternative, including inactivated DBM, or nothing (ie, no graft). In the study rats, we implanted 1 of 2 BioSETR (RTI Biologics, Alachua, Florida) DBM lots, growth factor-enriched DBM, and inactivated DBM plus rhBMP-2 in different concentrations. Manual palpation revealed fusion rates of 25% (autograft), 0% (inactivated DBM), 17% (DBM donor A), and 36% (DBM donor B). The fusion rate of the most enhanced donor B graft (83%) was higher (P<.05) than that of autograft or unenhanced DBM. Inactivated DBM plus rhBMP-2 fused between 45% and 100%. There was no significant difference between DBM plus rhBPM-2 and the highest enrichment group of donor B. Differences between 2 DBM lots in an athymic rat ectopic bone formation model also were found in the spine fusion model. Enhanced DBM formulations were comparable with inactivated DBM plus rhBMP-2 with respect to performance and could represent a bone graft alternative in spine fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debdut Biswas
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pappalardo S, Carlino V, Brutto D, Sinatra F. How do biomaterials affect the biological activities and responses of cells? An in vitro study. Minerva Stomatol 2010; 59:445-464. [PMID: 20940685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM As part of regenerative bone surgery, according to the principles of tissue engineering and GBR, the use of biomaterials aims to restore bone deficiencies by restoring both functionality and original morphology of the bone tissue. Besides being biocompatible, biofunctional and reabsorbable, the ideal scaffolding should possess an osteoinductive geometry, which depends on many physical-chemical characteristics and, in particular, on a three-dimensional morphology and the placement of molecules, which would determine pore size and interconnection between them. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to carry out an analysis with a scanning electron microscope, in order to evaluate the effect of the diameter size of the scaffold pores on the bio-molecular interaction between osteoblast-like MG63 cells and four biomaterials with different pore sizes: polylactic-co-glycolic acid, deproteinized bovine bone, equine bone, demineralized bone matrix (DBM). METHODS Through the observations made with SEM and X-ray microanalysis, it is possible to infer how the morphology, the proliferative ability, the modality of adhesion and the differentiation of MG63 cells are influenced in different ways by the porous structure of the various biomaterials used as a substrate for growth. RESULTS From among all of the biomaterials examined, DBM represented the best substrate for growth; in fact, there would be a more intense and precocious adhesion of MG-63 cells. CONCLUSION The strong osteoconductive effect observed in human DBM, seems to be related to the presence of the organic component, while the osteoinductive effect would be mainly attributed to the presence of BMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pappalardo
- Section of Odonto-Stomatology II, Dental Emergency, University of Catania, Gaspare Rodolico-Vittorio Emanuele, University Hospital, Catania, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu G, Li Y, Sun J, Zhou H, Zhang W, Cui L, Cao Y. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of osteogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on partially demineralized bone matrix. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:971-82. [PMID: 19839720 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The osteogenic differentiation potential of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) has been documented previously, and partially demineralized bone matrix (pDBM) represents a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, pDBM scaffolds derived from porcine cancellous bone were evaluated for their ability to support human UCB-MSCs osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone-forming capacity in vivo to assess the potential use of UCB-MSCs in bone tissue engineering applications. MSCs were isolated from full-term human UCB and expanded, and their cell surface antigen markers and multilineage capability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes were analyzed. The in vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of UCB-MSCs loaded onto the three-dimensional pDBM scaffolds were determined. Critical-sized full-thickness circular defects (5 mm in diameter) created bilaterally in the parietal bones of athymic rats were treated with one of the following: osteogenically induced UCB-MSC/pDBM composites (Group A, n = 8), noninduced UCB-MSC/pDBM composites (Group B, n = 8), pDBM alone (Group C, n = 8), or left untreated (Group D, n = 8). Microcomputed tomography analysis showed that new bone was formed in Group A at 6 weeks postimplantation, and greater bone volume and density were found after 12 weeks. In other groups, new bone formation was not evident after 6 weeks, and no bone union was found at 12 weeks. Histological examination revealed that the defect was repaired by tissue-engineered bone in Group A at 12 weeks, and fibrous union was observed in Groups B, C, and D. These results demonstrate that pDBM can support osteogenic differentiation of human UCB-MSCs in vitro and in vivo, and UCB-MSCs may serve as an alternative cell source for bone tissue engineering and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangpeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong Universtiy School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen L, He Z, Chen B, Yang M, Zhao Y, Sun W, Xiao Z, Zhang J, Dai J. Loading of VEGF to the heparin cross-linked demineralized bone matrix improves vascularization of the scaffold. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21:309-317. [PMID: 19634004 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Deficient vascularization is one of the prominent shortcomings of porous tissue-engineering scaffolds, which results in insufficient oxygen and nutrients transportation. Here, heparin cross-linked demineralized bone matrices (HC-DBM) pre-loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were designed to promote cells and new microvessels invasion into the matrices. After being chemical crosslinked with heparin by N-hydroxysuccinimide and N-(3-di-methylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide, the scaffold could bind more VEGF than the non-crosslinked one and achieve localized and sustained delivery. The biological activity of VEGF binding on heparinized collagen was demonstrated by promoting endothelial cells proliferation. Evaluation of the angiogenic potential of heparinized DBM loaded with VEGF was further investigated by subcutaneous implantation. Improved angiogenesis of heparinized DBM loaded with VEGF was observed from haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry examination. The results demonstrated that heparin cross-linked DBM binding VEGF could be a useful strategy to stimulate cells and blood vessels invasion into the scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Biotechnology Research Center, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Erdemli O, Captug O, Bilgili H, Orhan D, Tezcaner A, Keskin D. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effects of demineralized bone matrix or calcium sulfate addition to polycaprolactone-bioglass composites. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21:295-308. [PMID: 19756968 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve the efficacy of polycaprolactone/bioglass (PCL/BG) bone substitute using demineralized bone matrix (DBM) or calcium sulfate (CS) as a third component. Composite discs involving either DBM or CS were prepared by compression moulding. Bioactivity of discs was evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ESCA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following simulated body fluid incubation. The closest Calcium/Phosphate ratio to that of hydroxyl carbonate apatite crystals was observed for PCL/ BG/DBM group (1.53) after 15 day incubation. Addition of fillers increased microhardness and compressive modulus of discs. However, after 4 and 6-week PBS incubations, PCL/BG/DBM discs showed significant decrease in modulus (from 266.23 to 54.04 and 33.45 MPa, respectively) in parallel with its highest water uptakes (36.3 and 34.7%). Discs preserved their integrity with only considerable weight loss (7.5-14.5%) in PCL/BG/DBM group. In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that all discs were biocompatible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Erdemli
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Feng Y, Wang S, Jin D, Sheng J, Chen S, Cheng X, Zhang C. Free vascularised fibular grafting with OsteoSet®2 demineralised bone matrix versus autograft for large osteonecrotic lesions of the femoral head. Int Orthop 2009; 35:475-81. [PMID: 20012040 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-009-0915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of OsteoSet®2 DBM with autologous cancellous bone in free vascularised fibular grafting for the treatment of large osteonecrotic lesions of the femoral head. Twenty-four patients (30 hips) with large osteonecrotic lesions of the femoral head (stage IIC in six hips, stage IIIC in 14, and stage IVC in ten, according to the classification system of Steinberg et al.) underwent free vascularised fibular grafting with OsteoSet®2 DBM. This group was retrospectively matched to a group of 24 patients (30 hips) who underwent free vascularised fibular grafting with autologous cancellous bone during the same time period according to the aetiology, stage, and size of the lesion and the mean preoperative Harris hip score. A prospective case-controlled study was then performed with a mean follow-up duration of 26 months. The results show no statistically significant differences between the two groups in overall clinical outcome or the radiographic assessment. Furthermore, no adverse events related to the use of the OsteoSet®2 DBM were observed. The results demonstrate that OsteoSet®2 DBM combined with autograft bone performs equally as well as that of autologous bone alone. Therefore, OsteoSet®2 DBM can be used as a safe and effective graft extender in free vascularised fibular grafting for large osteonecrotic lesions of the femoral head.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jayasuriya AC, Ebraheim NA. Evaluation of bone matrix and demineralized bone matrix incorporated PLGA matrices for bone repair. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2009; 20:1637-1644. [PMID: 19330524 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the composite matrices prepared using Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)- PLGA (85:15) by incorporating human bone matrix (BM) powder or demineralized bone matrix (DBM) powder with the weight ratio of polymer: BM or DBM (75:25) to apply for bone repair. Murine Bone Marrow Stromal Cell (BMSC) attachment was studied with different time points at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h for BM/PLGA, DBM/PLGA and PLGA control matrices. All types of matrices were linearly increased the BMSC attachment with the increase of time. Significantly higher number of BMSCs was attached to the both BM/PLGA and DBM/PLGA matrices after 2 h compared to the controls. If BM or DBM is incorporated into biodegradable PLGA matrices and cultured with BMSCs, those composite matrices could be potentially used for bone tissue engineering applications. In addition, particle migration and handling difficulties in DBM powder in clinical applications eliminate using a PLGA matrix. Furthermore, we have observed that DBM/PLGA matrices were structurally stronger compared to the BM/PLGA or control PLGA matrices when they exposed to physiological environment for 72 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Champa Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614-5807, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Manesh SK, Darling CL, Fried D. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography for the nondestructive assessment of the remineralization of dentin. J Biomed Opt 2009; 14:044002. [PMID: 19725714 DOI: 10.1117/1.3158995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) can be used to image caries lesions in dentin, measure nondestructively the severity of dentin demineralization, and determine the efficacy of intervention with anticaries agents including fluoride and lasers. The objective of this study is to determine if PS-OCT can be used to nondestructively measure a reduction in the reflectivity of dentin lesions after exposure to a remineralization solution. Although studies have shown the ability of PS-OCT to image the remineralization of lesions in enamel, none have included dentin. PS-OCT images of dentin surfaces are acquired after exposure to an artificial demineralizing solution for six days and a remineralizing solution for 20 days. The integrated reflectivity, depth of demineralization, and thickness of the layer of remineralization are calculated for each of the two treatment groups on each sample. Polarized light microscopy and microradiography are used to measure lesion severity on histological thin sections for comparison. PS-OCT successfully measured the formation of a layer of increased mineral content near the lesion surface. Polorized light microscopy (PLM) and transverse microradiography (TMR) corroborated those results. PS-OCT can be used for the nondestructive measurement of the remineralization of dentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman K Manesh
- University of California, Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, San Francisco, California 94143-0758, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lammens J, Nijs J, Schepers E, Ectors N, Lismont D, Verduyckt B. The effect of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (OP-1) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in the rabbit tibial distraction model. Acta Orthop Belg 2009; 75:103-109. [PMID: 19358407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OP-1 (800 microg) or DBM (1900 mg) were implanted in a rabbit tibial distraction model, and healing was compared to a non treated control group. The limbs were harvested after ten weeks and examined using radiography, computerized axial tomography and histological analysis. Neither of the treatments showed a changed healing pattern. Densities as measured by CT scan were not increased and the only significant finding was an increased area of bone formation in the DBM treated group (65% increase as compared to the OP-1 group). These experimental results do not show an effect of these substances in this model of bone lengthening. They indicate that further studies are warranted to understand the process of bone formation and the working mechanisms of substances that potentially trigger bone healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lammens
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Prometheus, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Daĭkhes NA, Khamidov AG, Lekishvili MV, Melan'in VD, Rakhimov RT. [Surgical correction of nasal septum with the use of Perfoost allografts]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2009:33-36. [PMID: 20037554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
New partially demineralized Perfoost allografts were used for the treatment of nasal septum defects in 16 patients admitted to the Research and Clinical Otorhinolarygological Centre, Federal Healthcare and Social Development Agency, between January 2007 and November 2008. The length of the follow-up period varied from 6 months to 1 year 10 months. The plastic material manufactured in the form of plates of different size was obtained from the bank of autografts based at the Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. Long-term monitoring of major physiological functions of the nose and rhinopneumetric studies showed that that Perfoost allografts were well tolerated by the patients; their application ensured excellent functional and aesthetic outcome of surgical correction of the injured nasal septum in all cases under observation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ter-Asaturov GP, Lekishvili MV. [Experimental study of the efficacy and clinical use of Perfoost in cases of defect substitution and correction of face supporting tissues]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2009; 88:17-23. [PMID: 19738574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Positive properties and perspectivity of demineralized osseous allogenic implants were pointed to. Experimental model of primary osseous plasty of mandible defects was described. The comparison of character and pace of reparative osteogenesis in experimental bone defects with Perfoost use and without transplantation was done. Perfoost had expressed osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties providing quicker reparative osteogenesis. In clinic osseous plasty operations of upper, middle and lower parts of face were done with the use of Perfoost. All in all 14 operations in 13 patients were conducted: in 3 patients - contour plasty of frontal region of head, in 5 patients- deformation correction of zygomatic region, lower edge and bottom of eye-socket; in 5 patients - defect substitution of mandible body and branch of the 8-10 cm length (in combination with titanium plates). In 2-3 months after operation the first signs of transplant rebuilding were detected during X-ray control. The expressed rebuilding of Perfoost with its substitution by newly formed bone was seen in 1-1.5 year. No complications followed, terms of observation - up to 8 years.
Collapse
|
42
|
Jing B, Wang Z, Li B, Cheng Z, Kang Y, Li Q. [A preliminary study of high viscous chitosan/glycerol phosphate with demineralized bone matrix to repair cartilage defects in rabbits]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2008; 22:1491-1494. [PMID: 19137897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of implantation of the complex of high viscous chitosan/glycerol phosphate with demineralized bone matrix (HV-C/GP-DBM) in repairing cartilage defects of rabbits. METHODS HV-C/GP-DBM was prepared by compounding HV-C/GP and DBM by 2:1 (W/W). Twenty-four 34-week-old New Zealand white adult rabbits, weighing 3.5-4.5 kg, were included. A bit with the diameter of 3.5 mm was used to drill 3-cm-deep holes in both sides of femoral condyle to make cartilage defects. The complex of HV-C/GP-DBM was then injected into the right holes as the experimental group and the left ones serve as the control group. The rabbits were killed at 4, 8 and 16 weeks after the operation, respectively. The obtained specimens were observed macroscopically, microscopically and histologically. According to the International Cartilage Repair Society Histological Scoring (ICRS), the effect of cartilage repair was assessed at 16 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS At 4-8 weeks postoperatively, in the experimental group, the defects were filled with hyaline cartilage-like tissues; the majority of chitosan degradated; and the DBM particles were partly absorbed. However, in the control group, there were small quantities of discontinuous fibrous tissues and maldistributed chondrocytes at the border and the bottom of the defects. At 16 weeks postoperatively, 6 joints in the experimental group had smooth surface, and the defects were basically repaired by hyaline cartilage-like tissues. The newly-formed tissues integrated well with the surrounding area. Under the cartilage, the new bone formation was still active and some DBM particles could be seen. However, the defects in the control group were repaired by fibrous tissues. The result of histological scoring of the specimens at 16 weeks showed that a total of 6 aspects including formation of chondrocytes and integration with the surrounding cartilages were superior in the experimental group to those in the control group, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The biodegradable and injectable complex of HV-C/GP-DBM with good histocompatibility and non-toxic side effects can repair cartilage defects and is a promising biomaterial for cartilage defect repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jing
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Municipal Hospital of Handan, Handan Hebei 056002, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kong Z, Tian D, Yu H, Feng W, Liu C. [Treatment of traumatic bone defect with graft material of allogenic cancellous combined with autologous red marrow]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2008; 22:1251-1254. [PMID: 18979889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study clinical effects of the graft material of allogenic cancellous combined with autologous red marrow in the treatment of traumatic bone defect. METHODS From February 2002 to April 2006, 38 patients of traumatic bone defect, 25 males and 13 females, aged 21-68 years old (38 on average), were treated with allogenic cancellous combined with autologous red marrow. Among them, there were 11 cases of bone nonunion caused by failure of internal fixation, 13 of serious comminuted fracture, 9 of bone defect caused by open fractures or bone infection, 5 of old fracture in need of graft. Of these fractures, there were 8 cases of shaft of humerus, 4 of intercondylar comminuted fracture of humerus, 8 of intercondylar comminuted fracture of femur, 5 of shaft of femur, 4 of open tibia fracture (Gustilo I, II type) and 9 of tibial plateau fracture. They included 17 cases of fresh fracture and 21 of old fracture. There were 23 cases of limitations of bone defect, and the range was 3 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm - 7 cm x 4 cm x 3 cm; and the range of the large bone defect was less than 3 cm in 15 cases. According to AO/ASIF classification, there were 5 cases of type B2, 10 of type B3, 16 of type C2 and 7 of type C3. The time from fresh fracture to operation was 5-17 days (8 days on average), and the time from old fracture to operation was 5-13 months (7.5 months on average). The amount of the allograft implantation was 20-50 g (28 g on average). RESULTS The wounds in all 38 cases obtained healing by first intention. All the patients were followed up for 8 months to 4 years (3.2 years on average). The X-ray films at reexamination showed that 36 patients had bone healing, with fresh fracture healing time of 2-6 months (4 months on average) and old fracture healing time of 3-10 months (7 months on average). The allogenic cancellous particles began to be fused with autogenous bone through creeping substitution 6-8 weeks after operation. One case, which had delayed infection, had bone union by removing internal fixation, placing irrigating tube and grafting after local stability. During the follow-up of 25 months, no relapse was found. Another case had nonunion because of plate loosening. According to the Mankin and Komender standard evaluation, there were 36 cases with satisfaction (94.7%) and 2 with dissatisfaction (5.3%). CONCLUSION The composite graft material of allogenic cancellous combined with autologous red marrow is safe and effective for repairing fractures and bone defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Munirah S, Samsudin OC, Chen HC, Salmah SHS, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BHI. Measurement of sulphated glycosaminoglycans production after autologous 'chondrocytes-fibrin' constructs implantation in sheep knee joint. Med J Malaysia 2008; 63 Suppl A:35-36. [PMID: 19024971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage biopsy and were cultivated in vitro. Approximately 30 million of cultured chondrocytes per ml were incorporated with autologous plasma-derived fibrin to form three-dimensional construct. Full-thickness punch hole defects were created in lateral and medial femoral condyles. The defects were implanted either with the autologous 'chondrocytes-fibrin' construct (ACFC), autologous chondrocytes (ACI) or fibrin blank (AF). Sheep were euthanized after 12 weeks. The gross morphology of all defects treated with ACFC implantation, ACI and AF exhibited median scores which correspond to a nearly normal appearance according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) classification. ACFC significantly enhanced cartilage repair compared to ACI and AF in accordance with the modified O'Driscoll histological scoring scale. The relative sulphated glycosaminoglycans content (%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in ACFC when compared to control groups; ACI vs. fibrin only vs. untreated (blank). Results showed that ACFC implantation exhibited superior cartilage-like tissue regeneration compared to ACI. If the result is applicable to the human, it possibly will improve the existing treatment approaches for cartilage restoration in orthopaedic surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Munirah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Apostolopoulos KN, Deligianni DD. Influence of microarchitecture alterations on ultrasonic backscattering in an experimental simulation of bovine cancellous bone aging. J Acoust Soc Am 2008; 123:1179-87. [PMID: 18247917 DOI: 10.1121/1.2822291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An experimental model which can simulate physical changes that occur during aging was developed in order to evaluate the effects of change of mineral content and microstructure on ultrasonic properties of bovine cancellous bone. Timed immersion in hydrochloric acid was used to selectively alter the mineral content. Scanning electron microscopy and histological staining of the acid-treated trabeculae demonstrated a heterogeneous structure consisting of a mineralized core and a demineralized layer. The presence of organic matrix contributed very little to normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation (nBUA) and speed of sound. All three ultrasonic parameters, speed of sound, nBUA and backscatter coefficient, were sensitive to changes in apparent density of bovine cancellous bone. A two-component model utilizing a combination of two autocorrelation functions (a densely populated model and a spherical distribution) was used to approximate the backscatter coefficient. The predicted attenuation due to scattering constituted a significant part of the measured total attenuation (due to both scattering and absorption mechanisms) for bovine cancellous bone. Linear regression, performed between trabecular thickness values and estimated from the model correlation lengths, showed significant linear correlation, with R(2)=0.81 before and R(2)=0.80 after demineralization. The accuracy of estimation was found to increase with trabecular thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K N Apostolopoulos
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Aeronautics, University of Patras, Rion 26500, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Gamma irradiation is frequently used to sterilize implanted devices but has limitations when used on biologically active materials and composites. In this study, we have evaluated the changes of biological activity of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in the dry state and in the presence of aqueous and non-aqueous carriers while exposed to various levels of ionizing radiation. The activity of DBM in the dry state remains relatively stable with only a small loss of activity. Composites of DBM with a carrier such as lecithin, to which no water has been added, lose activity at approximately the same rate as DBM in the anhydrous form. In composites that contain water, the loss of activity occurs even at much lower levels of radiation exposure. Gamma irradiation does not change cell attachment to the DBM matrix but has an influence on both stem cell and osteoprecursor cell proliferation rates. Because of the limitations imposed by radiation, it seems most practical to handle DBM aseptically throughout the procedures of compositing pastes, putties, or suspensions, and only if necessary exposing the inert excipients to radiation sterilization prior to mixing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1840 N. Soto Street, EDM-191, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Volodina DN, Panin AM, Larionov EV, Avtandilov GG. [Morphological study of biocompatibility of the material on the bases of bone collagen saturated by sulphated glycosaminoglycans]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2008; 87:9-12. [PMID: 18577915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Results of the experimental study of material on the bases of bone undemineralized collagen saturated by sulphated glycosaminoglycans are described in the article. It was done in the experiment evaluation of its biocompatibility with surrounding tissues of the experimental animals. On the grounds of the received data it can be concluded that such material implantation into the bone defects would favour quick cell migration into the defect and implant's vascularization, that in its turn would create preconditions for new bone tissue development.
Collapse
|
48
|
Tsiridis E, Ali Z, Bhalla A, Heliotis M, Gurav N, Deb S, DiSilvio L. In vitro and in vivo optimization of impaction allografting by demineralization and addition of rh-OP-1. J Orthop Res 2007; 25:1425-37. [PMID: 17557338 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Impaction allografting is a bone tissue engineering technique currently used in lower limb reconstruction orthopedic surgery. Our hypothesis was that biological optimization can be achieved by demineralization and addition of osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) to the allograft. The objective of our in vitro study was to evaluate human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation (Alamar Blue assay, titrated thymidine assay, total DNA Hoechst 33258, and scanning electron microscopy) and osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase assay) in two types of impacted carrier, namely, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and insoluble collagenous bone matrix (ICBM), with or without OP-1. The objective in vivo was to compare the osteogenic potential of impacted DBM with or without OP-1, with that of impacted fresh frozen allograft (FFA), again with or without OP-1. DBM + OP-1 optimized osteoinduction and significantly improved (p < 0.05) proliferation and differentiation in comparison to the majority of all other graft preparation in vitro. In addition, DBM + OP-1 was significantly superior, with regard to osteogenesis, compared to the impacted FFA alone (p < 0.001), FFA + OP-1 (p = 0.01) and DBM alone (p = 0.02) in vivo. We propose that partial demineralization and addition of OP-1 provides a good method for improving the osteoinductive properties of fresh allograft currently used in the impaction grafting technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Tsiridis
- Biomaterials and Biomimetics Group, King's College London, University of London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Altman JI, Eloy JA, Hoch BL, Munoz CM, Shohet MR. Demineralized bone matrix and fat autograft in a rabbit model of frontal sinus obliteration. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007; 137:264-8. [PMID: 17666253 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2007.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigate the efficacy of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) as a material for frontal sinus obliteration in a rabbit model. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits were divided into four groups, and the study was carried out to two time periods. Twelve rabbits underwent frontal sinus obliteration with fat autograft, and 12 rabbits underwent the procedure with DBM. At 12 weeks, six control and six study rabbits were killed. The remaining 12 rabbits were killed at 36 weeks. All specimens underwent radiologic evaluation with spiral CT followed by histologic examination for evidence of bony growth. RESULTS Sinuses obliterated with DBM showed replacement of the sinus cavity by trabecular bone. Histology demonstrated significant progressive replacement of DBM by cancellous bone from 12 weeks (53.3%) to 36 weeks (78.8%). There were no complications observed as a result of the materials used. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE DBM is a prospective material for frontal sinus obliteration. Long-term studies and human trials will further elucidate the role of this material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason I Altman
- Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dickerman RD, Reynolds AS, Morgan B. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage filled with bone morphogenic protein and demineralised bone matrix in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Int Orthop 2007; 32:717. [PMID: 17724590 PMCID: PMC2551730 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-007-0450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2007] [Revised: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rob D. Dickerman
- Neurological and Spine Surgeon, 6200 West Parker Road, Suite 1-503, Plano, TX 75093 USA
| | - Ashley S. Reynolds
- Neurological and Spine Surgeon, 6200 West Parker Road, Suite 1-503, Plano, TX 75093 USA
| | - Brent Morgan
- Neurological and Spine Surgeon, 6200 West Parker Road, Suite 1-503, Plano, TX 75093 USA
| |
Collapse
|