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Capozzi F, Sorrentino MC, Cascone E, Iuliano M, De Tommaso G, Granata A, Giordano S, Spagnuolo V. Biomonitoring of Airborne Microplastic Deposition in Semi-Natural and Rural Sites Using the Moss Hypnum cupressiforme. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12050977. [PMID: 36903839 PMCID: PMC10005416 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that the native moss Hypnum cupressiforme can be used as a biomonitor of atmospheric microplastics (MPs). The moss was collected in seven semi-natural and rural sites in Campania (southern Italy) and was analyzed for the presence of MPs, according to standard protocols. Moss samples from all sites accumulated MPs, with fibers representing the largest fraction of plastic debris. Higher numbers of MPs and longer fibers were recorded in moss samples from sites closer to urbanized areas, likely as the results of a continuous flux from sources. The MP size class distribution showed that small size classes characterized sites having a lower level of MP deposition and a high altitude above sea level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiore Capozzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: or
| | - Eleonora Cascone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mauro Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gaetano De Tommaso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angelo Granata
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simonetta Giordano
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Spagnuolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21-80126 Napoli, Italy
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2
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Alawani N, Barrère-Mangote C, Wesdemiotis C. Analysis of Thermoplastic Copolymers by Mild Thermal Degradation Coupled to Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200306. [PMID: 35701837 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thermal desorption/degradation with an atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) and ion mobility (IM) separation are coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation to characterize thermoplastic elastomers. The compounds investigated, which are used in the manufacture of a wide variety of packaging materials, are mainly composed of thermoplastic copolymers, but also contain additional chemicals ("additives"), like antioxidants and UV stabilizers, for enhancement of their properties or protection from degradation. The traditional method for analyzing such complex mixtures is vacuum pyrolysis followed by electron or chemical ionization mass spectrometry, often after gas chromatography separation. Here, an alternative, faster approach, involving mild degradation at atmospheric pressure (ASAP) and subsequent characterization of the desorbates and pyrolyzates by IM-MS, and if needed, MS/MS is presented. Such multidimensional dispersion considerably simplifies the resulting spectra, permitting the conclusive separation, characterization, and classification of the multicomponent materials examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadrah Alawani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | | | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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3
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An overview of refinements, processing methods and properties of natural fiber composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Ho J, Lin Y, Chen W. Stretchable Multicolor Emission of Polymer/Dye Blends Induced by Intermolecular Interaction and Solid‐State Aggregation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan‐Cheng Lin
- National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Chang Chen
- National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
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5
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Fu Y, Soldera M, Wang W, Voisiat B, Lasagni AF. Picosecond Laser Interference Patterning of Periodical Micro-Architectures on Metallic Molds for Hot Embossing. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12203409. [PMID: 31635254 PMCID: PMC6829532 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, it is demonstrated that direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) is a method capable of producing microtextured metallic molds for hot embossing processes. Three different metals (Cr, Ni, and Cu), relevant for the mold production used in nanoimprinting systems, are patterned by DLIP using a picosecond laser source emitting at a 532 nm wavelength. The results show that the quality and surface topography of the produced hole-like micropatterns are determined by the laser processing parameters, such as irradiated energy density and the number of pulses. Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are also observed on the treated surfaces, whose shapes, periodicities, and orientations are strongly dependent on the accumulated fluence. Finally, the three structured metals are used as embossing molds to imprint microlenses on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) foils using an electrohydraulic press. Topographical profiles demonstrate that the obtained structures are comparable to the masters showing a satisfactory reproduction of the texture. The polymeric microlens arrays that showed the best surface homogeneity and overall quality were those embossed with the Cr molds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxi Fu
- Institut für Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Str. 3c, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Marcos Soldera
- Institut für Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Str. 3c, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
- PROBIEN-CONICET, Dto. de Electrotecnia, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, Neuquén 8300, Argentina.
| | - Wei Wang
- Institut für Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Str. 3c, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Bogdan Voisiat
- Institut für Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Str. 3c, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Andrés Fabián Lasagni
- Institut für Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Bähr-Str. 3c, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoff-und Strahltechnik IWS, Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.
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6
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Zheng X, Guan S, Zhang C, Qu T, Wen W, Zhao Y, Chen A. A Cut-and-Weld Process to 3D Architectures from Multiresponsive Crosslinked Liquid Crystalline Polymers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900110. [PMID: 30913373 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinked liquid crystalline polymers (CLCPs) have garnered extensive attention in recent years for their significant values in the design of light-driven soft actuators. However, poor processabilities due to the insoluble and infusible crosslinked networks prevent their practical applications severely. In this study, a weldable azobenzene-containing CLCP is designed with photo- and humidity-responsive actuations, which enables a cut-and-weld process to 3D CLCP architectures. The tensile properties and stability are almost unchanged after welding, much better than those of the films pasted by common adhesive tapes. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of the welding process are clarified on the base of surface hydrogen bonding and further crosslinking. By taking advantage of the cut-and-weld process, a 3D "claw" integrated into a robotic arm is realized for grabbing millimeter-scale objects by remote control. This work enhances significantly not only the processability of CLCP films but also the utilization of leftover pieces, which provides an efficient approach to create functional 3D structures from film precursors for the potential application in the smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ting Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yongbin Zhao
- Shandong Oubo New Material Co Ltd., Dongying Part Economic Development Zone, Shandong, 257088, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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7
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Govindarajan SR, Jain T, Choi JW, Joy A, Isayeva I, Vorvolakos K. A hydrophilic coumarin-based polyester for ambient-temperature initiator-free 3D printing: Chemistry, rheology and interface formation. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Ahmad R, Samuelsen TA, Garvik AB, Oterhals Å. Effect of amino acid, pH and mineral salts on glass transition and flow behaviour of soy protein concentrate. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Ahmad
- Cargill; Dirdalsstranda 51 N-4335 Dirdal Norway
| | | | - Anne B. Garvik
- Ewos Innovation AS; Dirdalsstranda 51 N-4335 Dirdal Norway
- Lepsøyvegen 301 N-5216 Lepsøy Norway
| | - Åge Oterhals
- Nofima; P.O. Box 1425 Oasen N-5828 Bergen Norway
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9
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Wolf JR. Review: radiolabeled polymers containing covalently bound3H and14C. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:38-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R. Wolf
- Synthesis Department; ABC Laboratories; Columbia MO 65202 USA
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10
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Leng X, Wei Z, Ren Y, Bian Y, Wang Q, Li Y. Copolymerization of l-lactide/trimethylene carbonate by organocatalysis: controlled synthesis of comb-like graft copolymers with side chains with different topologies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05481a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of comb-like graft copolymers of lcP(LLA-co-TMC) from an organocatalyst/PB–OH system: including lcP(TMC-b-LLA), lcP(LLA-grad-TMC) and lcP(LLA-ran-TMC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Yingying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Yufei Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Qinyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
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11
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Donets S, Pershin A, Baeurle SA. Optimizing the fabrication process and interplay of device components of polymer solar cells using a field-based multiscale solar-cell algorithm. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:184902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4919649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Donets
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anton Pershin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan A. Baeurle
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Jung Y, Yang Y, Lee S, Byun S, Jeon H, Cho MD. Characterization of fluorinated polyimide morphology by transition mechanical analysis. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Wen X, Yang W, Jing Q, Wang ZL. Harvesting broadband kinetic impact energy from mechanical triggering/vibration and water waves. ACS NANO 2014; 8:7405-7412. [PMID: 24964297 DOI: 10.1021/nn502618f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We invented a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that is based on a wavy-structured Cu-Kapton-Cu film sandwiched between two flat nanostructured PTFE films for harvesting energy due to mechanical vibration/impacting/compressing using the triboelectrification effect. This structure design allows the TENG to be self-restorable after impact without the use of extra springs and converts direct impact into lateral sliding, which is proved to be a much more efficient friction mode for energy harvesting. The working mechanism has been elaborated using the capacitor model and finite-element simulation. Vibrational energy from 5 to 500 Hz has been harvested, and the generator's resonance frequency was determined to be ∼100 Hz at a broad full width at half-maximum of over 100 Hz, producing an open-circuit voltage of up to 72 V, a short-circuit current of up to 32 μA, and a peak power density of 0.4 W/m(2). Most importantly, the wavy structure of the TENG can be easily packaged for harvesting the impact energy from water waves, clearly establishing the principle for ocean wave energy harvesting. Considering the advantages of TENGs, such as cost-effectiveness, light weight, and easy scalability, this approach might open the possibility for obtaining green and sustainable energy from the ocean using nanostructured materials. Lastly, different ways of agitating water were studied to trigger the packaged TENG. By analyzing the output signals and their corresponding fast Fourier transform spectra, three ways of agitation were evidently distinguished from each other, demonstrating the potential of the TENG for hydrological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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14
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Jha KC, Tsige M. MOLECULAR MODELING OF THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ELASTOMERS: A REVIEW. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.13.86985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Elastomers have varied applications from adhesives, sealants, encapsulants, and coatings to specialty usage in electronics, aviation, optical, and communications industries due to their high structural stability. In addition, more and more biological applications of elastomeric compounds are gaining ground, particularly in mimetic architecture. Modeling and simulation provide tools by which the interactions leading to various structure–property relationships can be explored at the micro level. An understanding of these processes could cut down on the extensive and expensive trial-and-error experiments as well as provide a benchmark for material design. This review article explores the work done by different groups, especially at the molecular level, to model the properties of both thermoplastic and thermoset elastomers. Each presents its own challenges and solutions: from microphase separation to network building and force field parameterization. The results of these modeling efforts along with the challenges are presented in this review work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij C. Jha
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44304
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44304
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15
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Mahmoudi F, Saljoughi E, Mousavi SM. Promotion of polysulfone membrane by thermal-mechanical stretching process. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-013-0096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Bagheri ZS, El Sawi I, Schemitsch EH, Zdero R, Bougherara H. Biomechanical properties of an advanced new carbon/flax/epoxy composite material for bone plate applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 20:398-406. [PMID: 23499250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This work is part of an ongoing program to develop a new carbon fiber/flax/epoxy (CF/flax/epoxy) hybrid composite material for use as an orthopaedic long bone fracture plate, instead of a metal plate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of this new novel composite material. The composite material had a "sandwich structure", in which two thin sheets of CF/epoxy were attached to each outer surface of the flax/epoxy core, which resulted in a unique structure compared to other composite plates for bone plate applications. Mechanical properties were determined using tension, three-point bending, and Rockwell hardness tests. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the failure mechanism of specimens in tension and three-point bending tests. The results of mechanical tests revealed a considerably high ultimate strength in both tension (399.8MPa) and flexural loading (510.6MPa), with a higher elastic modulus in bending tests (57.4GPa) compared to tension tests (41.7GPa). The composite material experienced brittle catastrophic failure in both tension and bending tests. The SEM images, consistent with brittle failure, showed mostly fiber breakage and fiber pull-out at the fractured surfaces with perfect bonding at carbon fibers and flax plies. Compared to clinically-used orthopaedic metal plates, current CF/flax/epoxy results were closer to human cortical bone, making the material a potential candidate for use in long bone fracture fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra S Bagheri
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B-2K3.
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17
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Tatsumi S, Aso S, Yamamuro O. Thermodynamic study of simple molecular glasses: universal features in their heat capacity and the size of the cooperatively rearranging regions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:045701. [PMID: 23006098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.045701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have obtained some universal thermodynamic properties on glass transitions of molecular liquids. The heat capacity C(p) of glassy propene, which was vitrified by using a vapor-deposition technique, was measured with a newly developed adiabatic calorimeter. Propene has the lowest glass transition temperature (T(g)=56 K), the largest C(p) jump at T(g) (C(p)(lq)/C(p)(gl)~2.5), and the lowest residual entropy (S(res)~Rln2) compared with glass-forming molecules measured before. We have analyzed the present data with other hydrocarbon molecules vitrified by liquid quenching and obtained the following results: (1) The excess heat capacities are scaled well by using a Kauzmann temperature T(K), (2) The size of the cooperative rearrangement region (CRR) frozen at T(g) increases with decreasing the temperature difference between T(g) and T(K) (Kauzmann temperature), and (3) The simpler the molecule is, the larger the frozen CRR becomes. These are all supporting the validity of the Adam-Gibbs theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Tatsumi
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
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18
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Martello MT, Hillmyer MA. Polylactide–Poly(6-methyl-ε-caprolactone)–Polylactide Thermoplastic Elastomers. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201063t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Martello
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and §Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and §Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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19
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Berry J, Grant M. Modeling multiple time scales during glass formation with phase-field crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:175702. [PMID: 21635050 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.175702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of glass formation in monatomic and binary liquids are studied numerically using a microscopic field theory for the evolution of the time-averaged atomic number density. A stochastic framework combining phase-field crystal free energies and dynamic density functional theory is shown to successfully describe several aspects of glass formation over multiple time scales. Agreement with mode coupling theory is demonstrated for underdamped liquids at moderate supercoolings, and a rapidly growing dynamic correlation length is found to be associated with fragile behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Berry
- Physics Department, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
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20
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Kaim A, Pietrasik K, Stokłosa T. N,N′-Diaminoethane linked bis-TEMPO-mediated free radical polymerization of styrene. Eur Polym J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Abiad MG, Carvajal MT, Campanella OH. A Review on Methods and Theories to Describe the Glass Transition Phenomenon: Applications in Food and Pharmaceutical Products. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-009-9009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Li Q, Li Z, Chen M, Fang Y. Real-time study of graphene's phase transition in polymer matrices. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:2129-2132. [PMID: 19344149 DOI: 10.1021/nl900681n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present real-time study of pristine graphene sandwiched in a homogeneous polymer matrix and its phase transition where the graphene membrane irreversibly scrolls and folds above the polymer's glass temperature. Tubular structures tend to form by curling up from edge defects of graphene and roll along its surface. A single-layer can also fold into two- or three-layer stacks and the overlapping between layers extends along the membrane surface to enlarge up to micrometer sizes. Further, oxidized graphene does not show such reactivity at even higher temperatures, indicating that the intrinsic thermal instability of pristine graphene in the polymer matrix is the origin of the transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of China, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China
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Wang Y, Hong X, Zeng J, Liu B, Guo B, Yan H. AFM tip hammering nanolithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:477-83. [PMID: 19197966 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200800966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanolithography at low cost and high speed is made possible by using a vibrating AFM tip in tapping-mode as a nanohammer to forge polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene/butylenes)-block-polystyrene triblock copolymer monolayer thin films after annealing to transform their microstructures from as-cast poorly ordered cylinders into well-ordered hexagonal spheres. Annealing is accomplished in cyclohexane vapor, a selective solvent for the majority poly(ethylene/butylenes) block. Experimental results demonstrate that such structure-tailored thin films enable macroscopic AFM tip writing to be performed in their surface; imprinted and embossed patterns can be generated with a sub-20-nm line-width resolution. In addition, it is found that the lithographic patterns generated can be erased within 5 min by thermal annealing at 70 degrees C, and if necessary the erasion process can be expedited by increasing the annealing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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24
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Xia Y, Sun Z, Shi T, Chen J, An L, Jia Y. Self-assembly of rod-terminally tethered three-armed star-shaped coil block copolymer: Investigation of the presence of the branching in the coil to the self-assembled behavior. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Karimi-Varzaneh HA, Carbone P, Müller-Plathe F. Fast dynamics in coarse-grained polymer models: The effect of the hydrogen bonds. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:154904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2993111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Karimi-Varzaneh HA, Carbone P, Müller-Plathe F. Hydrogen Bonding and Dynamic Crossover in Polyamide-66: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8010685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ali Karimi-Varzaneh
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Paola Carbone
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische and Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 20, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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27
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Baeurle S, Nogovitsin E. Challenging scaling laws of flexible polyelectrolyte solutions with effective renormalization concepts. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Baeurle SA, Charlot M, Nogovitsin EA. Grand canonical investigations of prototypical polyelectrolyte models beyond the mean field level of approximation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 75:011804. [PMID: 17358177 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.011804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the chemistry and physics of polyelectrolyte systems challenges scientists from a wide spectrum of research areas, ranging from colloidal science to biology. However, despite significant progress in the past decades, the calculation of large open polyelectrolyte systems on a detailed level remains computationally expensive, due to the highly polymeric nature of the macromolecules and/or long-range character of the intermonomer interactions. To cope with these difficulties, field-theoretic methodologies based on the mean-field approximation have emerged recently and have proven to provide useful results in the regime of high polyelectrolyte concentration. In this paper we present applications of a low-cost field-theoretic calculation approach based on the method of Gaussian equivalent representation, which has recently been proven useful for delivering accurate results in case of polymer solutions beyond the mean field level of approximation. Here we demonstrate its effectiveness on the example of a Gaussian effective potential, mimicking the effective interactions between weakly charged polyelectrolyte coils, and a screened Coulomb model, describing the effective intermonomer interactions of Debye-Hückel chains. Moreover, we show that the approach opens perspectives to extend the range of applicability of the grand canonical ensemble to dense liquid and solid phases of more sophisticated polyelectrolyte models. Finally, we demonstrate that our approach is also much more reliable for determining the phase boundaries of these models than conventional mean field and grand canonical Monte Carlo approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan A Baeurle
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Institute for Building Materials, ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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29
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A new multiscale modeling approach for the prediction of mechanical properties of polymer-based nanomaterials. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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