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Mi CH, Qi XY, Zhou YW, Ding YW, Wei DX, Wang Y. Advances in medical polyesters for vascular tissue engineering. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:125. [PMID: 39115796 PMCID: PMC11310390 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Blood vessels are highly dynamic and complex structures with a variety of physiological functions, including the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic wastes. Their normal functioning involves the close and coordinated cooperation of a variety of cells. However, adverse internal and external environmental factors can lead to vascular damage and the induction of various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and thrombosis. This can have serious consequences for patients, and there is an urgent need for innovative techniques to repair damaged blood vessels. Polyesters have been extensively researched and used in the treatment of vascular disease and repair of blood vessels due to their excellent mechanical properties, adjustable biodegradation time, and excellent biocompatibility. Given the high complexity of vascular tissues, it is still challenging to optimize the utilization of polyesters for repairing damaged blood vessels. Nevertheless, they have considerable potential for vascular tissue engineering in a range of applications. This summary reviews the physicochemical properties of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-lactic acid (PLA), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), focusing on their unique applications in vascular tissue engineering. Polyesters can be prepared not only as 3D scaffolds to repair damage as an alternative to vascular grafts, but also in various forms such as microspheres, fibrous membranes, and nanoparticles to deliver drugs or bioactive ingredients to damaged vessels. Finally, it is anticipated that further developments in polyesters will occur in the near future, with the potential to facilitate the wider application of these materials in vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Mi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xin-Ya Qi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yan-Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yan-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon-Neutral Technology, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
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Nofar M, Salehiyan R, Barletta M. Tuning the Structure-Property Relationships in Binary and Ternary Blends of PLA/PBAT/PHBH. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1699. [PMID: 38932048 PMCID: PMC11207277 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
While the brittle polylactide (PLA) has a high durability among bioplastics, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) with certain ductility exhibits facile compostability. The addition of polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) may also be used to improve the ductility and toughness of brittle bioplastics. Binary and ternary blends of PLA/PBAT/PHBH based on either PLA or PHBH as the matrix have been manufactured using a twin-screw extruder. The melt rheological, mechanical, and morphological properties of the processed samples were examined. Binary blends of PLA/PHBH show superior strength, with the PLA75/PHBH25 blend exhibiting a tensile strength of 35.2 ± 3.0 MPa, which may be attributed to miscible-like morphology. In contrast, blends of PLA with PBAT demonstrate low strength, with the PLA50/PBAT50 blend exhibits a tensile strength of 9.5 ± 2.0 MPa due to the presence of large droplets in the matrix. PBAT-containing blends exhibit lower impact strengths compared to PHBH-containing blends. For instance, a PLA75/PBAT25 blend displays an impact strength of 1.76 ± 0.1 kJ/m2, whereas the PHBH75/PBAT25 blend displays an impact strength of 2.61 ± 0.3 kJ/m2, which may be attributed to uniformly dispersed PBAT droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Nofar
- Sustainable & Green Plastics Laboratory, Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Reza Salehiyan
- School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK;
| | - Massimiliano Barletta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Roma, Italy;
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Ueno N, Sato H. Visualization of isothermal crystallization and phase separation in poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]/poly(L-lactic acid) by low-frequency Raman imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 312:124052. [PMID: 38394883 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The visualization of the variation of the inter/intra molecular interaction (C = O⋯CH3) between poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) in the PHB/PLLA miscible blend during phase separation and crystallization process was successfully investigated using Raman imaging. Images of the blend were developed using high- and low-frequency Raman spectra acquired during the isothermal crystallization of the blend, and both of them were compared. The low-frequency region allowed to observe the changes in the hydrogen bonds between the molecular chains in the blend during phase separation and crystallization via a band at 75 cm-1 derived from PHB. The imaging results obtained using the band at 75 cm-1 due to hydrogen bonding (C = O⋯CH3) between molecular chains were in good agreement with the results obtained using the C = O stretching band at 1720 cm-1. Herein, we demonstrated that the low-frequency region of the Raman spectrum is more sensitive to detecting the start of the phase separation and crystallization of PHB than the corresponding high-frequency region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Ueno
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Tsurukabuto, Nada-Ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Tsurukabuto, Nada-Ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, Rokkoudai, Nada-Ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Tian R, Li K, Lin Y, Lu C, Duan X. Characterization Techniques of Polymer Aging: From Beginning to End. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3007-3088. [PMID: 36802560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Polymers have been widely applied in various fields in the daily routines and the manufacturing. Despite the awareness of the aggressive and inevitable aging for the polymers, it still remains a challenge to choose an appropriate characterization strategy for evaluating the aging behaviors. The difficulties lie in the fact that the polymer features from the different aging stages require different characterization methods. In this review, we present an overview of the characterization strategies preferable for the initial, accelerated, and late stages during polymer aging. The optimum strategies have been discussed to characterize the generation of radicals, variation of functional groups, substantial chain scission, formation of low-molecular products, and deterioration in the polymers' macro-performances. In view of the advantages and the limitations of these characterization techniques, their utilization in a strategic approach is considered. In addition, we highlight the structure-property relationship for the aged polymers and provide available guidance for lifetime prediction. This review could allow the readers to be knowledgeable of the features for the polymers in the different aging stages and provide access to choose the optimum characterization techniques. We believe that this review will attract the communities dedicated to materials science and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kaitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Akkurt Yıldırım M, Demirbilek M, Kızılbey K, Kaplan E, Türkoğlu N. Evaluation of triacetin on mechanical strength and free surface energy of PHBHHx: The prevention of intra-abdominal adhesion. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115221149726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Several polymers are used for the preparation of biomaterials as membranes and films for tissue engineering applications. The most common plasticizer is PEG to obtain polymer-based biomaterials. On the other hand, triacetin is a non-toxic, FDA-approved plasticizer mostly used in the food industry. In this study, we used triacetin as a plasticizer to obtain hydrophobic membranes for the prevention of intra-abdominal adhesion. We selected a well-known polymer named PHBHHx which is a bacterial polyester generally used as supporting material for cell attachments in regenerative tissue applications. We evaluated the triacetin as a plasticizer and its effect on mechanical, thermal, surface area, pore size, and surface energy. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic contrast of a biomaterial surface determines the biological response. Surface hydrophobicity is critical for the cellular response. The contact angle tests of PHBHHx revealed that the hydrophilicity of the membrane was decreased following triacetin blending. Modification of the PHBHHx membrane by blending with triacetin caused a significant decrease in cell adhesion. The cell attachment rates of PHBHHx membranes were as 95 ± 5% on the first day, 34.5 ± 0.9% on third day, and 23 ± 1.5% on the fifth day, respectively. The rates of cell attachments on PHBHHx/triacetin membranes were determined as 79 ± 2.5% for the first day, 33 ± 2.7% for the third day, and 13 ± 2.1% for the fifth day, respectively. Besides, triacetin blending decreased the surface area from 38.790 to 32.379 m2/g. The elongation at breaks was observed as 128% for PHBHHx and 171% for PHBHHx/triacetin. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Akkurt Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Demirbilek
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Kızılbey
- Biomedical Engineering Department, İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nelisa Türkoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Li X, Xie H, Lin J, Zeng Y. Microstructure evolution of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride fibers via stretching at varying temperatures. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Biomedical Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoate in Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112141. [PMID: 35683815 PMCID: PMC9182786 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology aids in the regeneration of new tissue to replace damaged or wounded tissue. Three-dimensional biodegradable and porous scaffolds are often utilized in this area to mimic the structure and function of the extracellular matrix. Scaffold material and design are significant areas of biomaterial research and the most favorable material for seeding of in vitro and in vivo cells. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biopolyesters (thermoplastic) that are appropriate for this application due to their biodegradability, thermo-processability, enhanced biocompatibility, mechanical properties, non-toxicity, and environmental origin. Additionally, they offer enormous potential for modification through biological, chemical and physical alteration, including blending with various other materials. PHAs are produced by bacterial fermentation under nutrient-limiting circumstances and have been reported to offer new perspectives for devices in biological applications. The present review discusses PHAs in the applications of conventional medical devices, especially for soft tissue (sutures, wound dressings, cardiac patches and blood vessels) and hard tissue (bone and cartilage scaffolds) regeneration applications. The paper also addresses a recent advance highlighting the usage of PHAs in implantable devices, such as heart valves, stents, nerve guidance conduits and nanoparticles, including drug delivery. This review summarizes the in vivo and in vitro biodegradability of PHAs and conducts an overview of current scientific research and achievements in the development of PHAs in the biomedical sector. In the future, PHAs may replace synthetic plastics as the material of choice for medical researchers and practitioners.
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Eraslan K, Aversa C, Nofar M, Barletta M, Gisario A, Salehiyan R, Alkan Goksu Y. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH): synthesis, properties, and applications - A Review. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Surface oxidation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) via photo-activated chlorine dioxide radical. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Zhao X, Niu Y, Mi C, Gong H, Yang X, Cheng J, Zhou Z, Liu J, Peng X, Wei D. Electrospinning nanofibers of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates for applications in medical tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Hong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Yi‐Nuo Niu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Chen‐Hui Mi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Hai‐Lun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Xin‐Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Ji‐Si‐Yu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Zi‐Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Jia‐Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Xue‐Liang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Dai‐Xu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
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11
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Gouvêa RF, Ferreira WH, Souto LFC, Gonçalves RP, Soares BG, Andrade CT. Flexible dielectric
ZnO
‐doped reduced graphene oxide bionanocomposites from solution blending for potential application in bio‐related devices. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ferreira Gouvêa
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
| | - Willian Hermogenes Ferreira
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
| | - Loan Filipi Calheiros Souto
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
| | - Raquel Pires Gonçalves
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
| | - Bluma Guenther Soares
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
- Programa Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
| | - Cristina Tristão Andrade
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de janeiro Brazil
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Yıldırım MA, Demirbilek M, Gürsu H, Şahin Y, Türkoğlu N. Manipulating cell behavior on a bacterial macro-polymer poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) via tuning the S-doped graphene ratio. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:2076-2086. [PMID: 34044031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene is a material with various application potentials Graphene is a unique material with superiorities and has been applied in various fields for different purposes. Although studies on the utility of graphene oxide in the biomedical field are available, no evaluation has yet been done regarding the utility of sulfur doped (S-doped) graphene. The study focuses on the effect of blending the poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) membrane with sulfur heteroatom doped graphene and the evaluation of biological responses to S-doped graphene/PHBHHx. PHBHHx membranes were blended with 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% (w/v) S-doped graphene. The morphological (SEM and Microscopy), chemical (FTIR and Raman spectroscopy), and surface area (BET) characterizations of S-doped graphene/PHBHHx membranes were performed. The presence of S groups on the surface was determined with the EDS results. Besides, the swelling profile and biodegradation tendency of the membranes were evaluated. The differentiation of protein adhesion, cell viability, cell adhesion, and cell proliferation by the increasing content of S-doped graphene was examined. The contact angle analysis revealed that modification of PHBHHx with S-doped Graphene reduced the free surface energy of PHBHHx membranes. Blending with S-doped Graphene has decreased the polarity of the PHBHHx membrane. The protein adsorption on the PHBHHx membrane was determined as 10.12 ± 0.247 mg/ml. Protein absorption on 1%, 0.5% and 0.1% S-doped graphene/PHBHHx membranes were determined as 11.34 ± 0.551 mg/ml, 9.91 ± 0.294 mg/ml and 9.48 ± 0.093 mg/ml, respectively. The cell attachment to the surface decreased with the increasing amount of S-doped graphene, however, PHBHHx membranes with graphene did not affect cytotoxicity. S-doped graphene blended PHBHHx membrane seems like a suitable patch for biomedical treatments as a hydrophobic membrane where less cell adhesion and proliferation are required like the prevention of peritoneal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Akkurt Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Demirbilek
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hürmüs Gürsu
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yücel Şahin
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nelisa Türkoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Esmail A, Pereira JR, Zoio P, Silvestre S, Menda UD, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Fortunato E, Reis MAM, Henriques C, Oliva A, Freitas F. Oxygen Plasma Treated-Electrospun Polyhydroxyalkanoate Scaffolds for Hydrophilicity Improvement and Cell Adhesion. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071056. [PMID: 33801747 PMCID: PMC8036702 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) with differing material properties, namely, the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), P(3HB-co-3HV), with a 3HV content of 25 wt.% and a medium chain length PHA, and mcl-PHA, mainly composed of 3-hydroxydecanoate, were studied as scaffolding material for cell culture. P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) were individually spun into fibers, as well as blends of the mcl-PHA with each of the scl-PHAs. An overall biopolymer concentration of 4 wt.% was used to prepare the electrospinning solutions, using chloroform as the solvent. A stable electrospinning process and good quality fibers were obtained for a solution flow rate of 0.5 mL h−1, a needle tip collector distance of 20 cm and a voltage of 12 kV for P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) solutions, while for the mcl-PHA the distance was increased to 25 cm and the voltage to 15 kV. The scaffolds’ hydrophilicity was significantly increased under exposure to oxygen plasma as a surface treatment. Complete wetting was obtained for the oxygen plasma treated scaffolds and the water uptake degree increased in all treated scaffolds. The biopolymers crystallinity was not affected by the electrospinning process, while their treatment with oxygen plasma decreased their crystalline fraction. Human dermal fibroblasts were able to adhere and proliferate within the electrospun PHA-based scaffolds. The P(3HB-co-3HV): mcl-PHA oxygen plasma treated scaffold highlighted the most promising results with a cell adhesion rate of 40 ± 8%, compared to 14 ± 4% for the commercial oxygen plasma treated polystyrene scaffold AlvetexTM. Scaffolds based on P(3HB-co-3HV): mcl-PHA blends produced by electrospinning and submitted to oxygen plasma exposure are therefore promising biomaterials for the development of scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyah Esmail
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João R. Pereira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
| | - Patrícia Zoio
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Silvestre
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Ugur Deneb Menda
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- CEIB-Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Christian Grandfils
- CEIB-Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
| | - Célia Henriques
- CENIMAT/i3N, Physics Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Abel Oliva
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-12-1294-8300
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14
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Encapsulation of carvacrol into ultrafine fibrous zein films via electrospinning for active packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Puppi D, Pecorini G, Chiellini F. Biomedical Processing of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:E108. [PMID: 31795345 PMCID: PMC6955737 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly growing interest on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) processing for biomedical purposes is justified by the unique combinations of characteristics of this class of polymers in terms of biocompatibility, biodegradability, processing properties, and mechanical behavior, as well as by their great potential for sustainable production. This article aims at overviewing the most exploited processing approaches employed in the biomedical area to fabricate devices and other medical products based on PHA for experimental and commercial applications. For this purpose, physical and processing properties of PHA are discussed in relationship to the requirements of conventionally-employed processing techniques (e.g., solvent casting and melt-spinning), as well as more advanced fabrication approaches (i.e., electrospinning and additive manufacturing). Key scientific investigations published in literature regarding different aspects involved in the processing of PHA homo- and copolymers, such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Puppi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, UdR INSTM – Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Federica Chiellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, UdR INSTM – Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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16
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Poly hydroxyalkanoates (PHA): Role in bone scaffolds. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2019; 10:389-392. [PMID: 31754599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are prokaryotic macromolecules accumulated within the cytoplasm as granules. Due to their suitable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, degradation time, ability to be blended, surface modified, and form copolymers, it is widely used in medical devices and as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. This review describes in brief the production and extraction sources, physico-chemical characteristic, mechanical properties, degradation rate and applications of various PHAs and its copolymers with special emphasis to its role as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
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Sanhueza C, Acevedo F, Rocha S, Villegas P, Seeger M, Navia R. Polyhydroxyalkanoates as biomaterial for electrospun scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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18
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Rebia RA, Rozet S, Tamada Y, Tanaka T. Biodegradable PHBH/PVA blend nanofibers: Fabrication, characterization, in vitro degradation, and in vitro biocompatibility. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Liu H, Li W, Luo B, Chen X, Wen W, Zhou C. Icariin immobilized electrospinning poly(l-lactide) fibrous membranes via polydopamine adhesive coating with enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenic activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 28629034 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, icariin (ICA), one of the main active ingredients of Herba Epimedii for osteogenesis, was applied to functionalize electrospinning poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibrous membrane via an intermediate layer of polydopamine (PDA) to obtain enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenic activity. For this purpose, an array of PDA-coated PLLA fibrous membranes (PLLA-0.5PDA, PLLA-1PDA, PLLA-2PDA, PLLA-5PDA) and ICA-modified PLLA-2PDA fibrous membranes (PLLA-2PDA-10ICA, PLLA-2PDA-20ICA, PLLA-2PDA-40ICA) were successively prepared. Successful modification of PDA and ICA onto PLLA fibrous membranes was verified by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Besides, the hydrophilicity as well as tensile properties of PLLA fibrous membrane were improved after surface modified with PDA and ICA. In vitro cells culture experiments revealed that the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the PLLA fibrous membrane were significantly improved by successively immobilized with PDA and ICA. Moreover, the concentration of ICA immobilized on the fibrous membranes has the complicated effects on the MC3T3-E1 cells behavior. The PLLA-2PDA-ICA fibrous membranes with low ICA concentration promoted the cell adhesion and proliferation, but on the contrary, those with high ICA concentration were more beneficial to the enhancement in ALP activity and calcium deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Wenling Li
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Binghong Luo
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Xuexing Chen
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Engineering Research center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
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Lin KW, Lan CH, Sun YM. Poly[(R)3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB)/poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) blends with poly(PHB/PLLA urethane) as a compatibilizer. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Concurrent collection and post-drawing of individual electrospun polymer nanofibers to enhance macromolecular alignment and mechanical properties. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Lee YY, Li HY, Chiu SJ, Liang WL, Yeh PL, Liu YL. Redox reaction mediated direct synthesis of hierarchical flower-like CuO spheres anchored on electrospun poly(vinylidene difluoride) fiber surfaces at low temperatures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20210h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flower-like CuO spheres anchored on electrospun PVDF fiber surfaces as catalytic membranes for the photodegradation of rhodamine B aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- 30013 Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Yu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- 30013 Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jiuan Chiu
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
- Taiwan
| | - Wen-Li Liang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
- Taiwan
| | - Pi-Li Yeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- School of Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 11031
- Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ling Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- 30013 Hsinchu
- Taiwan
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23
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He Y, Hu Z, Ren M, Ding C, Chen P, Gu Q, Wu Q. Evaluation of PHBHHx and PHBV/PLA fibers used as medical sutures. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:561-571. [PMID: 24178983 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Two types of fibers were prepared by using bio-based materials: a mono-filament made from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) and a multi-filament made from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and polylactic acid (PLA) blend. The two fibers were evaluated for mechanical properties, biocompatibility and degradability for the potential application as medical sutures. The PHBHHx fiber showed remarkable biocompatibility by H.E. Stainning, with very little impact to the surrounding tissues. The degradation of the fiber was observed by SEM after implantation for 36 weeks, and the major degradation product was detected after 96 weeks. Consistently, the PHBHHx fiber maintained more than half of the mechanical properties after 96 weeks. The other fiber was prepared by twisting PHBV/PLA blend strands to a bunch, and showed high biocompatibility and relatively high degradability. The bunched structure loosed after 36 weeks of implantation. These low-cost and easily prepared fibers have great potential in medical applications, since they could avoid the formation of fibrous capsule, reduce the size of scar, and degrade into non-toxic and even beneficial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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24
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Fan MR, Gong M, Da LC, Bai L, Li XQ, Chen KF, Li-Ling J, Yang ZM, Xie HQ. Tissue engineered esophagus scaffold constructed with porcine small intestinal submucosa and synthetic polymers. Biomed Mater 2014; 9:015012. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/9/1/015012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Volova T, Goncharov D, Sukovatyi A, Shabanov A, Nikolaeva E, Shishatskaya E. Electrospinning of polyhydroxyalkanoate fibrous scaffolds: effects on electrospinning parameters on structure and properties. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 25:370-93. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.862400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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26
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Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A, Rodriguez IA, Wesner D, Schönherr H, Bowlin GL, Jhurry D. Poly(ester-ether)s: II. Properties of electrospun nanofibres from polydioxanone and poly(methyl dioxanone) blends and human fibroblast cellular proliferation. Biomater Sci 2013; 2:339-351. [PMID: 32481861 DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60211g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This article deals with an in-depth study of the thermal, mechanical and degradation behaviours of nanofibres from polydioxanone (PDX) and polydl-3-methyl-1,4-dioxan-2-one (PMeDX) and a comparison with their blend films. Varying ratios of both polymers were blended and electrospun from solution. Electrospun fibres exhibited a melting transition at 109 °C independently of the PMeDX content, which corresponds to the melting of PDX nanofibres. As a result of the drawing process, PMeDX had a reduced plasticizing effect on PDX. In general, it was observed that overall crystallinity of the fibres decreased from 53% to 36% with increasing PMeDX content and this impacted on their mechanical properties. The Young's moduli decreased as the PMeDX content of the fibres increased. However, an increase in strain at break and peak stress was noted as a result of a decrease in the fibre diameter. AFM images of the electrospun fibres showed an increasing degree of morphological heterogeneity with increasing PMeDX content. Thermal degradation studies showed that electrospun mats were thermally more stable than blend films, as confirmed by a two-fold increase in activation energy. The hydrolytic degradation of the electrospun mats conducted in phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C showed that the degradation followed a surface erosion mechanism as opposed to bulk degradation observed for blend films. Degradation of fibres was found to be mainly dependent on their diameter. On the other hand, the degradation of blend films depended on the overall crystallinity of the blends. Electrospun PDX/PMeDX nanofibrous scaffolds were also subjected to cell viability studies with human dermal fibroblasts, in which they did not show illicit response and demonstrated excellent cell attachment and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building and University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
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27
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Richard-Lacroix M, Pellerin C. Molecular Orientation in Electrospun Fibers: From Mats to Single Fibers. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401681m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Richard-Lacroix
- Département de chimie
and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christian Pellerin
- Département de chimie
and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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28
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Lim J, Chong MSK, Teo EY, Chen GQ, Chan JKY, Teoh SH. Biocompatibility studies and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/polycaprolactone blends. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:752-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Versace DL, Ramier J, Babinot J, Lemechko P, Soppera O, Lalevee J, Albanese P, Renard E, Langlois V. Photoinduced modification of the natural biopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) microfibrous surface with anthraquinone-derived dextran for biological applications. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4834-4844. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20869a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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30
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Bonartsev A, Boskhomdzhiev A, Voinova V, Makhina T, Myshkina V, Yakovlev S, Zharkova I, Filatova E, Zernov A, Bagrov D, Andreeva N, Rebrov A, Bonartseva G, Iordanskii A. Degradation of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its Derivatives: Characterization and Kinetic Behavior. CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.23939/chcht06.04.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Rizvi MS, Kumar P, Katti DS, Pal A. Mathematical model of mechanical behavior of micro/nanofibrous materials designed for extracellular matrix substitutes. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:4111-22. [PMID: 22842037 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun micro/nanofibrous biomaterials are widely used as extracellular matrix substitutes in tissue engineering applications because of their structural and mechanical properties. To explore the influence of microstructure on the mechanical behavior of fibrous material, a mathematical model of the fiber system was developed. The model describes the microstructural properties of a fibrous matrix using a probability density function, and enables study of their mechanical properties. The results from the mathematical model were validated by qualitative comparison with the experimental results of mechanical testing of polystyrene electrospun nanofibrous materials. The analyses show a trend of three-phase load-displacement behavior. Initially, as an increasing number of fibers are recruited for load bearing, the load-displacement curve has a 'J'-shaped toe region, which is followed by a nearly linear load-displacement curve, in which the number of load-bearing fibers remains nearly steady. Finally, there is a phase when the load-displacement curve descends, indicating failure of the material. The increase in flexibility of the fibrous material makes it stronger, but the randomness of fiber orientation makes the fibrous structure more flexible at the cost of lower strength. The measured mechanical properties of a fibrous matrix were also observed to be dependent on sample size. Therefore, the analyses establish a clear link between the structure and strength of fibrous materials for optimized design and fabrication of fibrous biomaterials with targeted use in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and drug delivery. The model also establishes a need for standardization of experimental protocols for mechanical characterization of fibrous materials for consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Rizvi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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32
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RECENT PROGRESS IN HIERARCHICALLY ORGANIZED POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2012.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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34
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Li HY, Chang CM, Hsu KY, Liu YL. Poly(lactide)-functionalized and Fe3O4 nanoparticle-decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes for preparation of electrically-conductive and magnetic poly(lactide) films and electrospun nanofibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm14689d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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