1
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Li G, Wu W, Yu X, Zhang R, Sun R, Cao L, Zhu P. Effects of Block Copolymer Terminal Groups on Toughening Epoxy-Based Composites: Microstructures and Toughening Mechanisms. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2112. [PMID: 38004969 PMCID: PMC10672739 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite the considerable research attention paid to block copolymer (BCP)-toughened epoxy resins, the effects of their terminal groups on their phase structure are not thoroughly understood. This study fills this gap by closely examining the effects of amino and carboxyl groups on the fracture toughness of epoxy resins at different temperatures. Through the combination of scanning electron microscopy and digital image correlation (DIC), it was found that the amino-terminated BCP was capable of forming a stress-distributing network in pure epoxy resin, resulting in better toughening effects at room temperature. In a 60 wt.% silica-filled epoxy composite system, the addition of a carboxyl-terminated BCP showed little toughening effect due to the weaker filler/matrix interface caused by the random dispersion of the microphase of BCPs and distributed silica. The fracture toughness of the epoxy system at high temperatures was not affected by the terminal groups, regardless of the addition of silica. Their dynamic mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficients are also reported in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- System Packaging and Integration Research Center, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xuecheng Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.)
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.)
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.)
| | - Liqiang Cao
- System Packaging and Integration Research Center, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengli Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Delaite C, Bistac S, Rusu D. Influence of Block-Copolymers' Composition as Compatibilizers for Epoxy/Silicone Blends. Molecules 2023; 28:6300. [PMID: 37687128 PMCID: PMC10488889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare crosslinked epoxy networks containing liquid silicone particles in order to improve their mechanical properties and obtain less brittle materials. Different copolymers were used as compatibilizers. These copolymers vary in their chemical composition and structure. All of the copolymers contain hydrophobic (PDMS sequences) and hydrophilic groups. The effect of their chemical structure and architecture on the morphology of the dispersed phase, and on the final physico-chemical and flexural characteristics of epoxy/silicone blends, was explored. The morphology of crosslinked formulations was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the thermal characteristics (glass transition temperature, Tg, and curing exothermic peak) were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental results have shown that the average diameter and particle size distribution of silicone particles depend on the chemical structure and architecture of the compatibilizers. One copolymer has been identified as the best compatibilizer, allowing a lower mean diameter and particle size distribution in addition to the best mechanical properties of the final network (less brittle character). This study has consequently evidenced the possibility of creating in situ silicone capsules inside an epoxy network by adding tailored compatibilizers to epoxy/silicone formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Delaite
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d’Ingenierie Macromoleculaires (LPIM EA 4567), Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (S.B.); (D.R.)
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3
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Grafting polyisoprene onto surfaces of kaolin by spray drying technology and modification of styrene–butadiene rubber. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-04966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Li L, Peng W, Liu L, Zheng S. Toughening of epoxy by nanostructures with
ABA
triblock copolymers: An influence of organosilicon modification of block copolymer. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Wenjun Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Liyue Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Sixun Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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5
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Huang YS, Huang CF. Synthesis of well-defined PMMA-b-PDMS-b-PMMA triblock copolymer and study of its self-assembly behaviors in epoxy resin. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Zheng Y, Song P, Liu S, Wu M, Xu H, Qiao C, Liu J, Gao Z, Ban Q. Transparent and toughening epoxy thermosets modified by linear telechelic polymer containing rigid spiroacetal moieties: Uncovering the relationship between the heterogeneous crosslinked network and thermoset performances. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaochen Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Shaoxiang Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Mengqing Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Chenghui Qiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Zhengguo Gao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
| | - Qingfu Ban
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai China
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7
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Gutiérrez González J, Fernández Leyes MD, Ritacco HA, Schroeder WF, Zucchi IA. Long PEO-based nanoribbons generated in a polystyrene matrix through reaction-induced microphase separation followed by a fast crystallization process. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2279-2289. [PMID: 33475128 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A dispersion of elongated nanostructures with a high aspect ratio in polymer matrices has been reported to provide a material with valuable properties such as mechanical strength, barrier effect and shape memory, among others. In this study, we show the procedure to achieve a distribution of elongated crystalline nanodomains in a PS matrix employing the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers (BCP). The selected BCP was polystyrene-block-polyethylene oxide (PS-b-PEO). It was dissolved at 10 wt% in a styrene (St) monomer and the blend was slowly photopolymerized over four days at room temperature, until the reaction was arrested by vitrification. This blend was initially homogeneous and nanostructuration took place in an early stage of the polymerization as a result of the microphase separation (MS) of PEO blocks. Due to its high tendency to crystallize, demixed PEO blocks crystallized almost concomitantly with MS triggering the growing of the nanostructures. Thus, the time window between the onset of crystallization and the vitrification of the matrix was almost four days, allowing all micelles to have the opportunity to couple to a growing nanostructure. As a result, a population of nanoribbons with average lengths surpassing 10 μm dispersed in a PS matrix was obtained. It was demonstrated that these ribbon-like nanostructures are preserved as long as the heating temperature is located below the Tg of the matrix. If the material is heated above this temperature, softening of the matrix allows the breakup of the molten PEO nanoribbons due to Plateau-Rayleigh instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gutiérrez González
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Marcos D Fernández Leyes
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Instituto de Física del Sur - IFISUR (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Hernán A Ritacco
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Instituto de Física del Sur - IFISUR (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Walter F Schroeder
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Ileana A Zucchi
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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8
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Huang J, Li P, Hu W, Du R, Zhao G, Wang Z. Improving the toughness of polycyanate ester by adding epoxy pre‐polymer with different molecular weights. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Huang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Peng Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Weihong Hu
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Ruikui Du
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Guizhe Zhao
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of China Taiyuan China
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9
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Zhou Q, Liu Q, Yu Y, Zhuang Y, Lv Y, Xiao H, Song N, Ni L. Morphological evolution and mechanical properties of an “anchor chain” nanodomain structure of a reactive amphiphilic triblock copolymer in epoxy resin. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00365d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A epoxy-reactive poly(3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate) (PMETHB-b-PDMS-b-PMETHB) triblock can self-assemble in epoxy resin to form “anchor-chain” nanodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yueru Yu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yuxiao Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yizhe Lv
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Hanliang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Ning Song
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Lizhong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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10
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Wang J, Zhang X, Jiang L, Qiao J. Advances in toughened polymer materials by structured rubber particles. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Amphiphilic reactive poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly(dimethyl siloxane)-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) triblock copolymer for the controlling nanodomain morphology of epoxy thermosets. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Ding H, Zhao B, Mei H, Li L, Zheng S. Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐
block
‐polybutadiene‐
block
‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Mei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
| | - Sixun Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 People's Republic of China
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13
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Xiang Y, Shen X, Gao J, Asiri AM, Marwani HM. Grafting polyisoprene onto surfaces of nanosilica via RAFT polymerization and modification of natural rubber. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Xiang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrong Shen
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Gao
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M. Marwani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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14
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Wei W, Cui Y, Li X, Gu Y, Fei X, Luo J, Liu X. Reactive particles from in situ
silane-polycondensation-induced self-assembly of poly(styrene- alt
-maleic anhydride) as toughener for epoxy resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoma Fei
- Wuxi Chuangda Advanced Materials Co., Ltd.; Wuxi Jiangsu 214028 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Xie D, Liu D, Chen Z, Li K, Li Z, Tichnell B, Liu Z. Design and synthesis study of the thermo-sensitive poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone-b- N, N-diethylacrylamide). Des Monomers Polym 2018; 21:43-54. [PMID: 29706847 PMCID: PMC5917442 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2018.1448230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method was adopted here to prepare a series of thermo-sensitive copolymers, poly (N,N-diethyl- acrylamide-b-N-vinylpyrrolidone). Their structures, molecular weight distribution and temperature sensitivity performances were characterized by the nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and the fluorescence spectrophotometer, respectively. It has been identified that the synthesis reaction of the block copolymer was living polymerization. The thermo-sensitivity study suggested that N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), played a key role on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Zhang
- College of Life and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongduo Yang
- College of Life and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dengmin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Donglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhenbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- College of Life and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Brandon Tichnell
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD, USA
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD, USA
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16
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Heng Z, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zou H, Liang M. Controllable design of nanostructure in block copolymer reinforced epoxy composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Haoruo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Huawei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Mei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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17
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Huang CF, Chen WH, Aimi J, Huang YS, Venkatesan S, Chiang YW, Huang SH, Kuo SW, Chen T. Synthesis of well-defined PCL-b-PnBA-b-PMMA ABC-type triblock copolymers: toward the construction of nanostructures in epoxy thermosets. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01357h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel PCL-b-PnBA-b-PMMA was designed and applied to construct ordered nanostructures within epoxy thermosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402-27
- Taiwan
- Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402-27
- Taiwan
| | - Junko Aimi
- Molecular Design & Function Group
- Research Center for Functional Materials
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Tsukuba
- Japan
| | - Yi-Shen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402-27
- Taiwan
| | - Sathesh Venkatesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402-27
- Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung 804-24
- Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Huang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung 804-24
- Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung 804-24
- Taiwan
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo 315201
- China
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18
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Tang B, Kong M, Yang Q, Huang Y, Li G. Toward simultaneous toughening and reinforcing of trifunctional epoxies by low loading flexible reactive triblock copolymers. RSC Adv 2018; 8:17380-17388. [PMID: 35539219 PMCID: PMC9080404 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01017j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible reactive poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-b-poly(propylene glycol)-b-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (GPG) and nonreactive poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene glycol)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (EPE80) were utilized to toughen a trifunctional epoxy (diglycidyl 4, 5-epoxycyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylate, TDE-85). In comparison with the nonreactive EPE80 and reactive GPG92 with long reactive blocks (Lreactive), the incorporation of reactive GPG83 with short Lreactive improved the comprehensive mechanical properties of the epoxy. Upon an optimal GPG83 loading of 2.5 wt%, the tensile strength, elongation at break and critical strain energy release rate (G1c) increased by ca. 31%, 45.9% and 130.8%, respectively, without sacrificing the modulus and thermal stability. Morphology characterization evidenced that micro-scale domains and nanosized vesical micelles coexisted in the nonreactive EPE80 toughened systems. However, homogeneous morphologies were formed in reactive GPG83 and GPG92 toughened systems. Fracture morphology analysis suggested that GPG can toughen epoxy thermosets by incorporating flexible PPG blocks into the epoxy network, thereby enabling an energy dissipation mechanism. The good balance between the mobility of flexible PPG and degree of cross-link density leads to the simultaneous toughening and reinforcing effect of GPG83 toward the trifunctional epoxy. A high performance trifunctional epoxy thermoset was toughened and reinforced by a low loading of GPG with an appropriate reactive block length, which presented a homogeneous morphology.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Miqiu Kong
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Yajiang Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Guangxian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
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19
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Heng Z, Li M, Li Y, Chen Y, Zou H, Liang M. Spontaneous Approach To Prepare Damping Structural Integration Materials via Gradient Plasticization Mechanism at Nanometer Scale. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Heng
- The
State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Muxuan Li
- The
State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Li
- System Engineering Institute of Sichuan Aerospace, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The
State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The
State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mei Liang
- The
State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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20
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Puig J, Ceolín M, Williams RJJ, Schroeder WF, Zucchi IA. Controlling the generation of bilayer and multilayer vesicles in block copolymer/epoxy blends by a slow photopolymerization process. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7341-7351. [PMID: 28990627 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01660c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vesicles are a highly attractive morphology to achieve in micellar dispersions of block copolymers (BCP) in epoxy thermosets due to the fact that small amounts can affect a large volume fraction of the matrix, a fact that is important for toughening purposes. However, generating vesicles in epoxy matrices requires operating in a narrow range of formulations and processing conditions. In this report, we show that block-copolymer vesicles dispersed in an epoxy matrix could be obtained through a sphere-to-cylinder-to-vesicle micellar transition induced by visible-light photopolymerization at room temperature. A 10 wt% colloidal solution of poly(ethylene-co-butene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEB-b-PEO) block copolymer (BCP) in an epoxy monomer (DGEBA) self-assembled into spherical micelles as shown by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). During a slow photopolymerization of the epoxy monomer carried out at room temperature, a sphere-to-cylinder-to-vesicle transition took place as revealed by in situ SAXS and TEM images. This was driven by the tendency of the system to reduce the local interfacial curvature as a response to a decrease in the miscibility of PEO blocks in the polymerizing epoxy matrix. When the BCP concentration was increased from 10 to 20 and 40 wt%, the final structure evolved from bilayer vesicles to multilayer vesicles and to lamellae, respectively. In particular, for 20 wt% PEB-b-PEO, transient structures such as partially fused multilayered vesicles were observed by TEM, giving insight into the growth mechanism of multilayer vesicles. On the contrary, when a relatively fast thermal polymerization was performed at 80 °C, the final morphology consisted of kinetically trapped spherical and cylindrical micelles. Hopefully, this study will lead to new protocols for the preparation of vesicles dispersed in epoxy matrices in a controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Puig
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), J. B. Justo 4302, B7608FDQ, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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21
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Xiang Y, Li L, Zheng S. Photophysical and dielectric properties of nanostructured epoxy thermosets containing poly(N-vinylcarbazole) nanophases. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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He R, Zhan X, Zhang Q, Zhang G, Chen F. Control of inclusion size and toughness by reactivity of multiblock copolymer in epoxy composites. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Heng Z, Zeng Z, Zhang B, Luo Y, Luo J, Chen Y, Zou H, Liang M. Enhancing mechanical performance of epoxy thermosets via designing a block copolymer to self-organize into “core–shell” nanostructure. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15283j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rigid-flexible amphiphilic pentablock copolymer, polystyrene-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polydimethylsiloxane-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polystyrene (PS-PCL-PDMS-PCL-PS, SLDLS), was designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Zhong Zeng
- Safety Environment Quality Surveillance and Inspection Research Institute of CNPC Chuanqing Drilling & Exploration Corporation
- Chengdu 618300
- China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Yinfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Jiemin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Huawei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Mei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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24
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Cong H, Li L, Zheng S. Formation of nanophases in epoxy thermosets containing ABC and ACB triblock copolymers: A comparative investigation. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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He R, Zhan X, Zhang Q, Chen F. Improving the toughness of epoxy with a reactive tetrablock copolymer containing maleic anhydride. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren He
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqiu Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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26
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Nanostructured thermosets containing π-conjugated polymer nanophases: Morphology, dielectric and thermal conductive properties. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Shen K, Zhou Q, Xu Q, Jiang D, Ni L. Reaction-induced microphase separation in DDS-cured TGDDM thermosets containing PCL-b-PES-b-PCL triblock copolymer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09285j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Schematic diagram of micro-phase separation during the curing reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Qilei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Deyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
| | - Lizhong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- PR China
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