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Chi H, Xu Z, Cao H, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Hydrophilic-Oleophobic, Macroporous Polymers Enabled by In-Situ Polymerization and Foaming for Removing Water from Oils. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16676-16684. [PMID: 37939344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Porous polymers with hydrophilicity and oleophobicity are promising for removing water from various oil-water mixtures (including emulsions), but the preparation of such polymers is usually complicated and time-consuming. Herein, a novel stragey, in situ polymerization and foaming, has been developed to fabricate hydrophilic-oleophobic porous polymers in a facile manner within seconds. The porous polymers from pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate showed hydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity, enabling the removal of water from oil-water mixtures and surfactant-stabilized, water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions, with a high efficiency of 99.9% and excellent reusability, without obvious deterioation after 10 cycles. With incorporatin of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl methacrylate, the resulting porous polymers showed hydrophilicity and oleophobicty in air, providing an additional function of antioil-fouling ability both in dry state and in the process of oil-water separation. Moreover, both the two types of the porous polymers showed robust compression, without fracture and changes in wetting property after cycles of compression at 70% strain and high fatigue-resistant elasticity, without obvious plastic deformation after 1000 compression-release cycles. The facile and rapid preparation, hydrophiclity-oleophobicity, and robustness in compression and elasticity enabled the porous polymers to be good candidates for removing water from various oil-water mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjie Chi
- College of Textile Clothing, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguang Xu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 P. R. China
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2
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Bosacka A, Zienkiewicz-Strzalka M, Derylo-Marczewska A, Chrzanowska A, Blachnio M, Podkoscielna B. Physicochemical, structural, and adsorption characteristics of DMSPS- co-DVB nanopolymers. Front Chem 2023; 11:1176718. [PMID: 37448854 PMCID: PMC10338118 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1176718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is the synthesis and characterization of the series of S,S'-thiodi-4,1-phenylene bis(thio-methacrylate)-co-divinylbenzene (DMSPS-co-DVB) nanomaterials. The series of new nanopolymers including three mixed systems with different ratios of DMSPS and DVB components, DMSPS-co-DVB = 1:1, DMSPS-co-DVB = 1:2, and DMSPS-co-DVB = 1:3, was synthesized in the polymerization reaction. The research task is to investigate the influence of the reaction mixture composition on morphological, textural, and structural properties of final nanosystems including size, shape, and agglomeration effect. The advanced biphasic nanomaterials enriched with thiol groups were successfully synthesized as potential sorbents for binding organic substances, heavy metals, or biomolecules. To determine the impact of the DMSPS monomer on the final properties of DMSPS-co-DVB nanocomposites, several techniques were applied to reveal the nano-dimensional structure (SAXS), texture (low-temperature nitrogen sorption), general morphology (SEM), acid-base properties (potentiometric titration), and surface chemistry and phase bonding effectiveness (FTIR/ATR spectroscopy). Finally, kinetic studies of aniline sorption on polymeric materials were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Bosacka
- Department of Fundamental Technologies, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zienkiewicz-Strzalka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Derylo-Marczewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chrzanowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Blachnio
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Podkoscielna
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
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Nourany M, Rahimi‐Darestani Y, Nayebi M, Kiany P. The Impact of Soft Segment Crystallization and Cross‐Link Density on the Shape Memory Performance of the PCL‐PTMG/Graphene‐ Based Polyurethane Nanocomposites. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nourany
- Amirkabir University of Technology Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Tehran Iran
| | | | - Milad Nayebi
- Amirkabir University of Technology Chemical Engineering Department Tehran Iran
| | - Parvin Kiany
- Amirkabir University of Technology Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Tehran Iran
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Kramer S, Krajnc P. Hierarchically Porous Microspheres by Thiol-ene Photopolymerization of High Internal Phase Emulsions-in-Water Colloidal Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3366. [PMID: 34641179 PMCID: PMC8512400 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile method for the preparation of hierarchically porous spherical particles using high internal phase water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsions via the photopolymerization of the water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion (w/o HIPE) was developed. Visible-light photopolymerization was used for the synthesis of microspherical particles. The HIP emulsion had an internal phase volume of 80% and an oil phase containing either thiol pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) or trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (TMPTMP) and acrylate trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). This enabled the preparation of microspheres with an open porous morphology, on both the surface and within the microsphere, with high yields in a batch manner. The effect of the thiol-to-acrylate ratio on the microsphere diameter, pore and window diameter, and degradation was investigated. It is shown that thiol has a minor effect on the microsphere and pore diameter, while the acrylate ratio affects the degradation speed, which decreases with increasing acrylate content. The possibility of free thiol group functionalization was demonstrated by a reaction with allylamine, while the microsphere adsorption capabilities were tested by the adsorption of methylene blue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Krajnc
- PolyOrgLab, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
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5
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Horowitz A, Shaul G, Silverstein MS. One‐pot emulsion templating for simultaneous hydrothermal carbonization and hydrogel synthesis: porous structures, nitrogen contents and activation. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Horowitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Gil Shaul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Michael S Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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6
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Effect of curing bath conditions on the morphology and structure of poly(high internal phase emulsion) fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Horowitz R, Lamson M, Cohen O, Fu TB, Cuthbert J, Matyjaszewski K, Silverstein MS. Highly efficient and tunable miktoarm stars for HIPE stabilization and polyHIPE synthesis. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abbasian Chaleshtari Z, Salimi-Kenari H, Foudazi R. Interdroplet Interactions and Rheology of Concentrated Nanoemulsions for Templating Porous Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:76-89. [PMID: 33337881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we investigate the colloidal behavior of nanoemulsions over a wide range of oil volume fractions (φ) from dilute to concentrated regime. The dilute system contains 25% silicone oil dispersed in the aqueous phase consisting of poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEGDA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which is concentrated through evaporation of water at two different rates at ambient temperature. The rheological studies show that the liquid-like nanoemulsions transform into viscoelastic gels at a volume fraction of ∼30%. The plateau storage modulus of the nanoemulsions increases in the semidilute systems (φ below 45%) and then decreases steadily with increasing φ up to 60%. Dependency of the modulus on the evaporation rate can be observed in the rheological results. According to the rheological results and the overall pairwise interactions estimated between droplets, we propose two regimes of colloidal interactions. In the semidilute regime, the attractive gelation occurs due to considerable short-range attractive depletion induced by the PEGDA oligomer and SDS micelles. In the concentrated regime, the gel weakens by increasing φ mainly due to the structural stabilization barrier from a high concentration of micelles. The PEGDA in the continuous phase of the nanoemulsions can be crosslinked through photopolymerization, resulting in nanoporous PEGDA hydrogels upon removal of oil droplets. We study the water uptake of the nanoporous hydrogels prepared from the nanoemulsion templates at φ = 60%. The hydrogel obtained from the nanoemulsion with fast evaporation rate shows higher water uptake than that obtained from the slowly concentrated nanoemulsion. The tunable viscoelastic behavior of concentrated nanoemulsions as well as the resulting nanoporous hydrogels offers a new platform to design the soft materials for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abbasian Chaleshtari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
| | - Hamed Salimi-Kenari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
- Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 47416-13534, Iran
| | - Reza Foudazi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
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Gui H, Zhang T, Ji S, Guan G, Guo Q. Nanofibrous, porous monoliths formed from gelating high internal phase emulsions using syndiotactic polystyrene. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Wenger L, Radtke CP, Göpper J, Wörner M, Hubbuch J. 3D-Printable and Enzymatically Active Composite Materials Based on Hydrogel-Filled High Internal Phase Emulsions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:713. [PMID: 32850688 PMCID: PMC7396703 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of enzymes in biocatalytic flow reactors is a common strategy to increase enzyme reusability and improve biocatalytic performance. Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has recently emerged as a versatile tool for the fabrication of perfusable hydrogel grids containing entrapped enzymes for the use in such reactors. This study demonstrates the suitability of water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) as 3D-printable bioinks for the fabrication of composite materials with a porous polymeric scaffold (polyHIPE) filled with enzyme-laden hydrogel. The prepared HIPEs exhibited excellent printability and are shown to be suitable for the printing of complex three-dimensional structures without the need for sacrificial support material. An automated activity assay method for the systematic screening of different material compositions in small-scale batch experiments is presented. The monomer mass fraction in the aqueous phase and the thickness of printed objects were found to be the most important parameters determining the apparent activity of the immobilized enzyme. Mass transfer limitations and enzyme inactivation were identified as probable factors reducing the apparent activity. The presented HIPE-based bioinks enable the fabrication of flow-optimized and more efficient biocatalytic reactors while the automated activity assay method allows the rapid screening of materials to optimize the biocatalytic efficiency further without time-consuming flow-through experiments involving whole printed reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wenger
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Department of Bioengineering and Biosystems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carsten P. Radtke
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Göpper
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Wörner
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Department of Bioengineering and Biosystems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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11
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Kataruka A, Hutchens SB. PDMS polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) with closed-cell, aqueous-filled microcavities. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9665-9675. [PMID: 31728471 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion templates can produce a wide range of unique microstructures via solidification of the continuous phase. Some of these structures result in unique, fluid-filled composites reminiscent of biological tissue when the templating droplets develop into closed-cell structures. However, the state-of-the-art falls short in replicating the mechanical and functional response of biological structures due to stiff, fragile, and bio-incompatible materials while lacking systematic processing parameters. This article describes the synthesis of high internal phase, closed-cell, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomeric foams which simultaneously achieve biocompatibility, mechanical robustness, flexibility, and selective permeability. Water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) stabilized by silica nano-particles (SNPs) provide the microstructural template, resulting in a >74% by volume aqueous phase (up to 82%). To overcome the prohibitive barrier to HIPE formation when using a mechanically-superior, but highly viscous commercial PDMS kit, we produce HIPE templates via centrifugation of low internal phase emulsions (LIPEs, <30% by volume dispersed phase). This oil phase crosslinks into an aqueous-filled (water + glycerol + NaCl) elastomeric composite. The composite's microstructural dependence on viscosity ratio, mixing speed, emulsifier concentration, and centrifugal force are systematically characterized. The resulting microstructured, fluid-filled elastomer composites exhibit mechanically robust and highly flexible behavior due to the excellent properties of the PDMS continuous phase.
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Utroša P, Onder OC, Žagar E, Kovačič S, Pahovnik D. Shape Memory Behavior of Emulsion-Templated Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Synthesized by Organocatalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Utroša
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ozgun Can Onder
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ema Žagar
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sebastijan Kovačič
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Pahovnik
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Zhang T, Sanguramath RA, Israel S, Silverstein MS. Emulsion Templating: Porous Polymers and Beyond. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | - Sima Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michael S. Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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15
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Weinstock L, Sanguramath RA, Silverstein MS. Encapsulating an organic phase change material within emulsion-templated poly(urethane urea)s. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01733f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial step growth polymerization within oil-in-water high internal phase emulsions was used to synthesize poly(urethane urea) monoliths, consisting of 90% organic phase change material encapsulated within micrometer-scale capsules, for thermal energy storage and release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora Weinstock
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
| | | | - Michael S. Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
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16
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Zhang T, Silverstein MS. Highly porous, emulsion-templated, zwitterionic hydrogels: amplified and accelerated uptakes with enhanced environmental sensitivity. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00588e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Highly porous, emulsion-templated, zwitterionic hydrogels exhibited amplified and accelerated uptakes, enhanced environmental sensitivity, anti-polyelectrolyte behavior, and dual-pH sensitive uptakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
| | - Michael S. Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
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17
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18
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Zhang T, Silverstein MS. Doubly-crosslinked, emulsion-templated hydrogels through reversible metal coordination. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Zhang H, Zhu Y, Chen J, Zhang S. Preparation of polyHIPE via CuAAC “click” chemistry and its application as a highly efficient adsorbent of Cu(II) ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jianding Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shengmiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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20
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Zharinova E, Heuchel M, Weigel T, Gerber D, Kratz K, Lendlein A. Water-Blown Polyurethane Foams Showing a Reversible Shape-Memory Effect. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E412. [PMID: 30974689 PMCID: PMC6431911 DOI: 10.3390/polym8120412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-blown polyurethane (PU) foams are of enormous technological interest as they are widely applied in various fields, i.e., consumer goods, medicine, automotive or aerospace industries. The discovery of the one-way shape-memory effect in PU foams provided a fresh impetus for extensive investigations on porous polymeric actuators over the past decades. High expansion ratios during the shape-recovery are of special interest when big volume changes are required, for example to fill an aneurysm during micro-invasive surgery or save space during transportation. However, the need to program the foams before each operation cycle could be a drawback impeding the entry of shape-memory polymeric (SMP) foams to our daily life. Here, we showed that a reversible shape-memory effect (rSME) is achievable for polyurethane water-blown semicrystalline foams. We selected commercially available crystallizable poly(ε-caprolactone)-diols of different molecular weight for foams synthesis, followed by investigations of morphology, thermal, thermomechanical and shape-memory properties of obtained compositions. Densities of synthesized foams varied from 110 to 180 kg∙m-3, while peak melting temperatures were composition-dependent and changed from 36 to 47 °C, while the melting temperature interval was around 15 K. All semicrystalline foams exhibited excellent one-way SME with shape-fixity ratios slightly above 100% and shape-recovery ratios from the second cycle of 99%. The composition with broad distribution of molecular weights of poly(ε-caprolactone)-diols exhibited an rSME of about 12% upon cyclic heating and cooling from Tlow = 10 °C and Thigh = 47 °C. We anticipate that our experimental study opens a field of systematic investigation of rSMEs in porous polymeric materials on macro and micro scale and extend the application of water-blown polyurethane foams to, e.g., protective covers with zero thermal expansion or even cushions adjustable to a certain body shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zharinova
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Heuchel
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
| | - Thomas Weigel
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
| | - David Gerber
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Enhancement in Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties for Liquid Crystalline Polyurethane Strengthened by Graphene Oxide. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8070236. [PMID: 30974543 PMCID: PMC6432439 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional shape memory polymers suffer the drawbacks of low thermal stability, low strength, and low shape recovery speed. In this study, main-chain liquid crystalline polyurethane (LCPU) that contains polar groups was synthesized. Graphene oxide (GO)/LCPU composite was fabricated using the solution casting method. The tensile strength of GO/LCPU was 1.78 times that of neat LCPU. In addition, shape recovery speed was extensively improved. The average recovery rate of sample with 20 wt % GO loading was 9.2°/s, much faster than that of LCPU of 2.6°/s. The enhancement in mechanical property and shape memory behavior could be attributed to the structure of LCPU and GO, which enhanced the interfacial interactions between GO and LCPU.
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22
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Ovadia M, Silverstein MS. High porosity, responsive hydrogel copolymers from emulsion templating. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ovadia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Michael S Silverstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
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