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Jin Y, Zhang Q, Zhai X, Teng H, Du Y, Lu J, Farzana S, Lee PC, Zhang R, Luo F. 3-Pentadecylphenol (PDP) as a Novel Compatibilizer for Simultaneous Toughened and Reinforced PA10,12 Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1915. [PMID: 39000770 PMCID: PMC11243882 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of polyamide 10,12 (PA10,12) composites in various industries has been limited constrained by their inherent low toughness, making it a challenge to achieve a balance between toughness and structural integrity through conventional elastomer addition strategies. Herein, we introduce a straightforward method for the concurrent toughening and reinforcement of PA10,12 composites. This is accomplished by blending polyolefin elastomer (POE) and 3-pentadecylphenol (PDP) with the PA10,12 matrix. The incorporation of 5 wt% PDP effectively blurred the PA10,12/POE interface due to PDP's role as a compatibilizer. This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, as evidenced by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Further investigation, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elucidated the crystallization thermodynamics and kinetics of the resulting binary PA10,12/POE and ternary PA10,12/POE/PDP composites. Notably, the crystallization temperature (Tc) was observed to decrease from 163.1 °C in the binary composite to 161.5 °C upon the addition of PDP. Increasing the PDP content to 10% led to a further reduction in Tc to 159.5 °C due to PDP's capacity to slow down crystallization. Consequently, the ternary composite of PA10,12/POE/PDP (92/3/5 wt%) demonstrated a synergistic improvement in mechanical properties, with an elongation at break of 579% and a notch impact strength of 61.54 kJ/m2. This represents an approximately eightfold increase over the impact strength of unmodified PA10,12. Therefore, our work provides the potential of PDP as a compatibilizer to develop nylon composites with enhanced stiffness and toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Chuanghe New Material Technology Jiangsu Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Materials and New Energy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
| | - Xiaokun Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
| | - Hao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
| | - Youmei Du
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
| | - Sumaiya Farzana
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada (P.C.L.)
| | - Patrick C. Lee
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada (P.C.L.)
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Materials and New Energy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
| | - Faliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (Y.J.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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2
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Dong Y, Wu J, Hu J, Yan S, Müller AJ, Sun X. Thermal-Field-Tuned Heterogeneous Amorphous States of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Films with Precise Transition from Nonpolar to Polar Phase. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Beijing100029, China
| | - Jinghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, No. 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, No. 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Beijing100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, No. 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Alejandro J. Müller
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 3, 20018Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009Bilbao, Spain
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Beijing100029, China
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Lu J, Jalali A, Yao J, Ma Q, Yin J, Zhang R, Luo F. Toughness enhancement of polyamide 6,12 with intermolecular hydrogen bonding with
3‐pentadecylphenol. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Amirjalal Jalali
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jianqi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Qin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Jiajie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Faliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
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4
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Effect of carbon nanotubes on mechanical properties of polyamide 12 parts by fused filament fabrication. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang Y, Zhu P, Qian C, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wang D, Dong X. The Brill Transition in Long-Chain Aliphatic Polyamide 1012: The Role of Hydrogen-Bonding Organization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chengao Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dujin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineer Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang Y, Zhu P, Lai Y, Wang L, Wang D, Dong X. Effect of crosslinking networks on strain-induced crystallization in polyamide 1012 multiblock Poly(tetramethylene oxide) copolymers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhou C, Dong S, Zhu P, Liu J, Wang D, Dong X. Strain-Induced Form Transition and Crystallization Behavior of the Transparent Polyamide. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1028. [PMID: 33810276 PMCID: PMC8036806 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A transparent polyamide, poly(4,4'-aminocyclohexyl methylene dodecanedicarboxylamide) (PAPACM12), was studied and characterized by in situ wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) to establish the relationship between its crystallization behavior, crystalline form transition under external fields, and macroscopic properties. During the heating process, cold crystallization occurred and increased, and there was no form transition below the melting point. During the isothermal process, PAPACM12 exhibited the same crystalline structure as that during the heating process. The crystalline structure of PAPACM12 was attributed to α-form crystal, which is the stable form, according to the WAXD diffraction peaks of the conventional AABB-type polyamides. During stretching deformation, the crystal transition from α-form to γ-form and strain-induced crystallization were observed to contribute to the PAPACM12 with higher breaking strength and elongation. This study firstly determine the crystalline structure of transparent polyamides, and then the controlled strain-induced crystallization and transformation are demonstrated to be effective preparation methods for polyamides with high properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (C.Z.); (S.D.); (P.Z.); (D.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (C.Z.); (S.D.); (P.Z.); (D.W.)
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Ping Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (C.Z.); (S.D.); (P.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Jiguang Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Dujin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (C.Z.); (S.D.); (P.Z.); (D.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (C.Z.); (S.D.); (P.Z.); (D.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Safari M, Otaegi I, Aramburu N, Wang Y, Liu G, Dong X, Wang D, Guerrica-Echevarria G, Müller AJ. Composition dependent miscibility in the crystalline state of polyamide 6 /polyamide 4,10 blends: From single to double crystalline blends. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Gutiérrez TJ, Mendieta JR, Ortega-Toro R. In-depth study from gluten/PCL-based food packaging films obtained under reactive extrusion conditions using chrome octanoate as a potential food grade catalyst. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li W, Wang L, Dong X, Wang D. A Facile Strategy to Fabricate Antistatic Polyamide 1012/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Pipes for Fuel Delivery Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081797. [PMID: 32796634 PMCID: PMC7465873 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing antistatic long chain polyamide (LCPA) resins and fabricating the corresponding fuel pipes are challenges but necessary. Herein, a facile but effective strategy was put forward to fabricate LCPA resins with a superior conductivity, meeting the requirements of electrostatic sub-conductors. The strategy was based on, first, the incorporation of a large amount (15 wt%) of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into a polyamide 1012 (PA1012) matrix as a master batch, which formed a dense conductive network. Subsequently, it was diluted with PA1012 granules to produce base resins, and the reprocessed nanocomposites with a critical content of MWCNTs (3 wt%) could generate an effectively interconnected conductive network, with sparse and thinning features. Using the base resins, fuel pipes for automobiles, petrol stations and high pressure applications were successfully fabricated, where the thin conductive network was transformed into a thick one due to external field-induced re-agglomeration of MWCNTs. In this way, the obtained fuel pipes combined excellent conductive and barrier properties, and mechanical properties at high and low temperatures. These comprehensive properties also arose from the uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in an LCPA matrix, even without coupling agents; the attractive interaction between MWCNTs and the polyamide chains contributed to their strong interface adhesion. Thus, this research provides a versatile approach to fabricating antistatic LCPA resins, which will certainly extend their application to vehicle fuel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Li
- Institute of Systems Engineering, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 102300, China;
| | - Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fiber and Ecological Textile Technology, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Xia Dong
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8261-8533
| | - Dujin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
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Crystal Structure and Mechanical Properties of Uniaxially Stretched PA612/SiO 2 Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030711. [PMID: 32210060 PMCID: PMC7182885 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stretching has a significant effect on the microstructure and ultimate performance of semi-crystalline polymers. To investigate the effect of stretching on structure and mechanical properties of uniaxial stretched PA612/SiO2, PA612 and PA612/SiO2 films were prepared at four temperatures close to the glass transition temperature at various strain. The samples were characterized by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (WAXD), Two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray Scattering (2D-WAXS), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and stretching tests. The results showed that the α phase was the dominant phase in PA612 casting film, no obvious γ phase was observed, while both stretching and the presence of SiO2 can induce the generation of α phase and improve the crystallinity of PA612. Crystals were oriented along the stretching direction and the b axis was parallel to the equatorial direction after stretching. The interplanar spacing of (010/110) decreased with the increasing stretching temperature and expanded with the increasing strain, while stretching temperature and strain present negligible effect on the interplanar spacing of (100). The grain size increased with the stretching temperature while decreased with strain. The presence of SiO2 led to reduce the yield stress and the stress drop beyond yielding of the composite. Uniaxial stretching gave rise to a significant improvement in the fracture stress and the glass transition temperature.
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12
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Zhou C, Qi S, Zhu P, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Dong X, Wang D. The methylene infrared vibration and dielectric behavior monitored by amide group arrangement for long chain polyamides. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Khosravi A, Fereidoon A, Khorasani MM, Naderi G, Ganjali MR, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Gutiérrez TJ. Soft and hard sections from cellulose-reinforced poly(lactic acid)-based food packaging films: A critical review. Food Packag Shelf Life 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Zhang Z, Liu W, Liu H, Zheng J, Sun A, Li Y, He S, Zhu C, Yang M. Temperature and deformation dependence of structural evolution in polyamide 1010. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pepin J, Gaucher V, Rochas C, Lefebvre JM. In-situ SAXS/WAXS investigations of the mechanically-induced phase transitions in semi-crystalline polyamides. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang L, Dong X, Huang M, Müller AJ, Wang D. Self-Associated Polyamide Alloys with Tailored Polymorphism Transition and Lamellar Thickening for Advanced Mechanical Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19238-19247. [PMID: 28504516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long chain polyamides with various number of methylene units in recurring amide groups, PA1012 and PA612, were blended to combine their unique advantages. The Brill transition and accompanied lamellar thickening were investigated by in situ wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and small angle X-ray scattering. From WAXS patterns, the transformation from the α- to γ-crystalline phase, known as "Brill transition", can be independently observed in the constituent phases of the long chain polyamide alloys (LCPAs) during heating. A constant Tb (ca., 100 °C) irrespective of the blend composition and proportional variations of the phase content was obtained. Additionally, with elevated temperature, a gradual increase in both the crystalline layer (Lc) and amorphous layer (La) was detected in constituent polyamides. The compositional independence of the Brill transition in LCPAs and similar lamellar thickening originate from the complete immiscibility of both polyamides, which share stronger intramolecular rather than intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction and hence exhibit self-association. Contributed by the γ phase, with less extended structure and increased lamellar thickness with compact stacking, LCPAs with controlled strength and flexible features can be achieved, which can be utilized in advanced mechanical applications, particularly for hoses of automobiles. The unusually linear compositional dependence of mechanical parameters makes it possible to tailor the polymorphic and tensile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xia Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Miaoming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Alejandro J Müller
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Dujin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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