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Zhang YY, Yang GW, Lu C, Zhu XF, Wang Y, Wu GP. Organoboron-mediated polymerizations. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3384-3456. [PMID: 38411207 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00115f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The scientific community has witnessed extensive developments and applications of organoboron compounds as synthetic elements and metal-free catalysts for the construction of small molecules, macromolecules, and functional materials over the last two decades. This review highlights the achievements of organoboron-mediated polymerizations in the past several decades alongside the mechanisms underlying these transformations from the standpoint of the polymerization mode. Emphasis is placed on free radical polymerization, Lewis pair polymerization, ionic (cationic and anionic) polymerization, and polyhomologation. Herein, alkylborane/O2 initiating systems mediate the radical polymerization under ambient conditions in a controlled/living manner by careful optimization of the alkylborane structure or additives; when combined with Lewis bases, the selected organoboron compounds can mediate the Lewis pair polymerization of polar monomers; the bicomponent organoboron-based Lewis pairs and bifunctional organoboron-onium catalysts catalyze ring opening (co)polymerization of cyclic monomers (with heteroallenes, such as epoxides, CO2, CO, COS, CS2, episulfides, anhydrides, and isocyanates) with well-defined structures and high reactivities; and organoboranes initiate the polyhomologation of sulfur ylides and arsonium ylides providing functional polyethylene with different topologies. The topological structures of the produced polymers via these organoboron-mediated polymerizations are also presented in this review mainly including linear polymers, block copolymers, cyclic polymers, and graft polymers. We hope the summary and understanding of how organoboron compounds mediate polymerizations can inspire chemists to apply these principles in the design of more advanced organoboron compounds, which may be beneficial for the polymer chemistry community and organometallics/organocatalysis community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chenjie Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang C, Geng X, Zhang X, Gnanou Y, Feng X. Alkyl Borane-Mediated Metal-Free Ring-Opening (Co)Polymerizations of Oxygenated Monomers. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Cao X, Wang H, Yang J, Wang R, Hong X, Zhang X, Xu J, Wang H. Sulfur-substitution-enhanced crystallization and crystal structure of poly(trimethylene monothiocarbonate). CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterocycle/Heteroallene Ring-Opening Copolymerization: Selective Catalysis Delivering Alternating Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202104495. [PMID: 34015162 PMCID: PMC9298364 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatom-containing polymers have strong potential as sustainable replacements for petrochemicals, show controllable monomer-polymer equilibria and properties spanning plastics, elastomers, fibres, resins, foams, coatings, adhesives, and self-assembled nanostructures. Their current and future applications span packaging, house-hold goods, clothing, automotive components, electronics, optical materials, sensors, and medical products. An interesting route to these polymers is the catalysed ring-opening copolymerisation (ROCOP) of heterocycles and heteroallenes. It is a living polymerization, occurs with high atom economy, and creates precise, new polymer structures inaccessible by traditional methods. In the last decade there has been a renaissance in research and increasing examples of commercial products made using ROCOP. It is better known in the production of polycarbonates and polyesters, but is also a powerful route to make N-, S-, and other heteroatom-containing polymers, including polyamides, polycarbamates, and polythioesters. This Review presents an overview of the different catalysts, monomer combinations, and polymer classes that can be accessed by heterocycle/heteroallene ROCOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Oxford ChemistryChemical Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterocycle/Heteroallene Ring‐Opening Copolymerization: Selective Catalysis Delivering Alternating Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Oxford Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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One‐pot, one‐step, and selective terpolymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and
COS
to copoly(thioether)s with tunable thermal properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Yang B, Chen Q, Ding M, Pan Y, Zhang P, Wang S, Qian J, Miao J, Xia R, Chen P, Shi Y, Tu Y. Facile way of dynamically tailoring microporous structures in polyvinylidene fluoride films prepared by thermally induced phase separation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Qinting Chen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Mengya Ding
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Yang Pan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Shuqing Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Jiasheng Qian
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Jibin Miao
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Ru Xia
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials Anhui University Hefei China
| | - You Shi
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Youlei Tu
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Kiriratnikom J, Yue XC, Yang JL, Wang Y, Chen SH, Zhang KK, Zhang CJ, Khan MU, Zhang XH. Unprecedentedly high active organocatalysts for the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide and propylene oxide: steric hindrance effect of tertiary amines. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The TEB/DMCHA pair shows exceedingly high turnover frequency of 69 800 h−1 for organocatalytic COS/PO copolymerization at 60 °C under solvent-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraya Kiriratnikom
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin-Chen Yue
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jia-Liang Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo-Hong Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ke-Ke Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cheng-Jian Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Cao XH, Zhang CJ, Yang JL, Hu LF, Zhang XH. Repurposing poly(monothiocarbonate)s to poly(thioether)s with organic bases. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01147a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a unique one-pot/one-step route to rapidly produce poly(thioether)s from poly(monothiocarbonate) (PMTC), a sulfur-containing polymer, using commercially available organic bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Cheng-Jian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jia-Liang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Lan-Fang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
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Microphase separation of poly(propylene monothiocarbonate)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers induced by differential interactions with salt. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang JL, Wang HL, Hu LF, Hong X, Zhang XH. A double-site Lewis pair for highly active and living synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01371g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work describes an organic double-site Lewis pair with exceedingly high activity for the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide (COS) with propylene oxide (PO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-liang Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Hong-liang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Lan-fang Hu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xing-hong Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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