1
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Manjunatha BR, Stühler MR, Quick L, Plajer AJ. Improved access to polythioesters by heterobimetallic aluminium catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4541-4544. [PMID: 38497828 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00811a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Bimetallic Al(III) catalysis mediates thioanhydride/epoxide copolymerisation at greatly improved rates and monomer tolerance than analogous Cr(III) catalysis. Moving to sulfurated monomers furthermore generally improves rates and selectivites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav R Manjunatha
- Makromolekulare Chemie 1, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Merlin R Stühler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Luise Quick
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Makromolekulare Chemie 1, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
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2
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Gallizioli C, Battke D, Schlaad H, Deglmann P, Plajer AJ. Ring-Opening Terpolymerisation of Elemental Sulfur Waste with Propylene Oxide and Carbon Disulfide via Lithium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319810. [PMID: 38421100 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur, a waste product of the oil refinement process, represents a promising raw material for the synthesis of degradable polymers. We show that simple lithium alkoxides facilitate the polymerisation of elemental sulfur S8 with industrially relevant propylene oxide (PO) and CS2 (a base chemical sourced from waste S8 itself) to give poly(monothiocarbonate-alt-Sx) in which x can be controlled by the amount of supplied sulfur. The in situ generation of thiolate intermediates obtained by a rearrangement, which follows CS2 and PO incorporation, allows to combine S8 and epoxides into one polymer sequence that would otherwise not be possible. Mechanistic investigations reveal that alkyl oligosulfide intermediates from S8 ring opening and sulfur chain length equilibration represent the better nucleophiles for inserting the next PO if compared to the trithiocarbonates obtained from the competing CS2 addition, which causes the sequence selectivity. The polymers can be crosslinked in situ with multifunctional thiols to yield reprocessable and degradable networks. Our report demonstrates how mechanistic understanding allows to combine intrinsically incompatible building blocks for sulfur waste utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Gallizioli
- Makromolekulare Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth
| | - David Battke
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam
| | - Peter Deglmann
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Makromolekulare Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth
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3
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Stephan J, Olmedo-Martínez JL, Fornacon-Wood C, Stühler MR, Dimde M, Braatz D, Langer R, Müller AJ, Schmalz H, Plajer AJ. Easy Synthetic Access to High-Melting Sulfurated Copolymers and their Self-Assembling Diblock Copolymers from Phenylisothiocyanate and Oxetane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202405047. [PMID: 38520388 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Although sulfurated polymers promise unique properties, their controlled synthesis, particularly when it comes to complex and functional architectures, remains challenging. Here, we show that the copolymerization of oxetane and phenyl isothiocyanate selectively yields polythioimidocarbonates as a new class of sulfur containing polymers, with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mn=5-80 kg/mol with Đ≤1.2; Mn,max=124 kg/mol) and high melting points of up to 181 °C. The method tolerates different substituent patterns on both the oxetane and the isothiocyanate. Self-nucleation experiments reveal that π-stacking of phenyl substituents, the presence of unsubstituted polymer backbones, and the kinetically controlled linkage selectivity are key factors in maximising melting points. The increased tolerance to macro-chain transfer agents and the controlled propagation allows the synthesis of double crystalline and amphiphilic diblock copolymers, which can be assembled into micellar- and worm-like structures with amorphous cores in water. In contrast, crystallization driven self-assembly in ethanol gives cylindrical micelles or platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Stephan
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge L Olmedo-Martínez
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Christoph Fornacon-Wood
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Merlin R Stühler
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dimde
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Braatz
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Langer
- Institute for Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Alejandro J Müller
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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4
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Fornacon-Wood C, Stühler MR, Gallizioli C, Manjunatha BR, Wachtendorf V, Schartel B, Plajer AJ. Precise construction of weather-sensitive poly(ester- alt-thioesters) from phthalic thioanhydride and oxetane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11353-11356. [PMID: 37655470 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03315e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the selective ring opening copolymerisation (ROCOP) of oxetane and phthalic thioanhydride by a heterobimetallic Cr(III)K catalyst precisely yielding semi-crystalline alternating poly(ester-alt-thioesters) which show improved degradability due to the thioester links in the polymer backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Fornacon-Wood
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Merlin R Stühler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Cesare Gallizioli
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Bhargav R Manjunatha
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Volker Wachtendorf
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin 12205, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schartel
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin 12205, Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany.
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5
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Fornacon-Wood C, Manjunatha BR, Stühler MR, Gallizioli C, Müller C, Pröhm P, Plajer AJ. Precise cooperative sulfur placement leads to semi-crystallinity and selective depolymerisability in CS 2/oxetane copolymers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4525. [PMID: 37500621 PMCID: PMC10374558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CS2 promises easy access to degradable sulfur-rich polymers and insights into how main-group derivatisation affects polymer formation and properties, though its ring-opening copolymerisation is plagued by low linkage selectivity and small-molecule by-products. We demonstrate that a cooperative Cr(III)/K catalyst selectively delivers poly(dithiocarbonates) from CS2 and oxetanes while state-of-the-art strategies produce linkage scrambled polymers and heterocyclic by-products. The formal introduction of sulfur centres into the parent polycarbonates results in a net shift of the polymerisation equilibrium towards, and therefore facilitating, depolymerisation. During copolymerisation however, the catalyst enables near quantitative generation of the metastable polymers in high sequence selectivity by limiting the lifetime of alkoxide intermediates. Furthermore, linkage selectivity is key to obtain semi-crystalline materials that can be moulded into self-standing objects as well as to enable chemoselective depolymerisation into cyclic dithiocarbonates which can themselves serve as monomers in ring-opening polymerisation. Our report demonstrates the potential of cooperative catalysis to produce previously inaccessible main-group rich materials with beneficial chemical and physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Fornacon-Wood
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bhargav R Manjunatha
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin R Stühler
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cesare Gallizioli
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie., Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Rupf S, Pröhm P, Plajer AJ. Lithium achieves sequence selective ring-opening terpolymerisation (ROTERP) of ternary monomer mixtures. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6355-6365. [PMID: 35733883 PMCID: PMC9159086 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01776h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom-containing degradable polymers have strong potential as sustainable replacements for petrochemically derived materials. However, to accelerate and broaden their uptake greater structural diversity and new synthetic methodologies are required. Here we report a sequence selective ring-opening terpolymerisation (ROTERP), in which three monomers (A, B, C) are selectively enchained into an (ABA'C) n sequence by a simple lithium catalyst. Degradable poly(ester-alt-ester-alt-trithiocarbonate)s are obtained in a M n range from 2.35 to 111.20 kDa which are not easily accessible via other polymerisation methodologies. The choice of alkali metal is key to achieve high activity and to control the terpolymer sequence. ROTERP is mechanistically compatible with ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) allowing switchable catalysis for blockpolymer synthesis. The ROTERP demonstrated in this study could be the first example of an entirely new family of sequence selective terpolymerisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Rupf
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
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7
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Zhang D, Gan Q, Plajer AJ, Lavendomme R, Ronson TK, Lu Z, Jensen JD, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Templation and Concentration Drive Conversion Between a Fe II12L 12 Pseudoicosahedron, a Fe II4L 4 Tetrahedron, and a Fe II2L 3 Helicate. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1106-1112. [PMID: 35014803 PMCID: PMC9097479 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the construction of three structurally distinct self-assembled architectures: FeII12L12 pseudoicosahedron 1, FeII2L3 helicate 2, and FeII4L4 tetrahedron 3, formed from a single triazatriangulenium subcomponent A under different reaction conditions. Pseudoicosahedral capsule 1 is the largest formed through subcomponent self-assembly to date, with an outer-sphere diameter of 5.4 nm and a cavity volume of 15 nm3. The outcome of self-assembly depended upon concentration, where the formation of pseudoicosahedron 1 was favored at higher concentrations, while helicate 2 exclusively formed at lower concentrations. The conversion of pseudoicosahedron 1 or helicate 2 into tetrahedron 3 occurred following the addition of a CB11H12- or B12F122- template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.,Oxford Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Roy Lavendomme
- COMOC─Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Zifei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jesper D Jensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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8
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterocycle/Heteroallene Ring‐Opening Copolymerization: Selective Catalysis Delivering Alternating Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Oxford Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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9
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Silbernagl D, Sturm H, Plajer AJ. Thioanhydride/isothiocyanate/epoxide ring-opening terpolymerisation: sequence selective enchainment of monomer mixtures and switchable catalysis. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00629d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium mediates sequence selective terpolymerisation of phtalic thioanhydride/PhNCS/butylene oxide yielding poly(ester-alt-ester-alt-dithioimidocarbonates) and enables block- and tetrapolymerisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Silbernagl
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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11
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García-Romero Á, Martín-Álvarez JM, Colebatch AL, Plajer AJ, Miguel D, Álvarez CM, García-Rodríguez R. Synthesis of tris(3-pyridyl)aluminate ligand and its unexpected stability against hydrolysis: revealing cooperativity effects in heterobimetallic pyridyl aluminates. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13059-13065. [PMID: 34581366 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the elusive metallic anion [EtAl(3-py)3]- (3-py = 3-pyridyl) (1), the first member of the anionic tris(3-pyridyl) family. Unexpectedly, the lithium complex 1Li shows substantial protic stability against water and alcohols, unlike related tris(2-pyridyl)aluminate analogues. This stability appears to be related to the inability of the [EtAl(3-py)3]- anion to chelate Li+, which precludes a decomposition pathway involving Li/Al cooperativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro García-Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Jose M Martín-Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Annie L Colebatch
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.,Research School of Chemistry. Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Chemical Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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12
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterotrimetallic Carbon Dioxide Copolymerization and Switchable Catalysts: Sodium is the Key to High Activity and Unusual Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Oxford Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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13
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterotrimetallic Carbon Dioxide Copolymerization and Switchable Catalysts: Sodium is the Key to High Activity and Unusual Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13372-13379. [PMID: 33971064 PMCID: PMC8251569 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A challenge in polymer synthesis using CO2 is to precisely control CO2 placement in the backbone and chain end groups. Here, a new catalyst class delivers unusual selectivity and is self-switched between different polymerization cycles to construct specific sequences and desirable chain-end chemistries. The best catalyst is a trinuclear dizinc(II)sodium(I) complex and it functions without additives or co-catalysts. It shows excellent rates across different ring-opening (co)polymerization catalytic cycles and allows precise control of CO2 incorporation within polyesters and polyethers, thereby allowing access to new polymer chemistries without requiring esoteric monomers, multi-reactor processes or complex post-polymerization procedures. The structures, kinetics and mechanisms of the catalysts are investigated, providing evidence for intermediate speciation and uncovering the factors governing structure and composition and thereby guiding future catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Oxford ChemistryChemical Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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14
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Plajer AJ, Williams CK. Heterocycle/Heteroallene Ring-Opening Copolymerization: Selective Catalysis Delivering Alternating Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202104495. [PMID: 34015162 PMCID: PMC9298364 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatom‐containing polymers have strong potential as sustainable replacements for petrochemicals, show controllable monomer–polymer equilibria and properties spanning plastics, elastomers, fibres, resins, foams, coatings, adhesives, and self‐assembled nanostructures. Their current and future applications span packaging, house‐hold goods, clothing, automotive components, electronics, optical materials, sensors, and medical products. An interesting route to these polymers is the catalysed ring‐opening copolymerisation (ROCOP) of heterocycles and heteroallenes. It is a living polymerization, occurs with high atom economy, and creates precise, new polymer structures inaccessible by traditional methods. In the last decade there has been a renaissance in research and increasing examples of commercial products made using ROCOP. It is better known in the production of polycarbonates and polyesters, but is also a powerful route to make N‐, S‐, and other heteroatom‐containing polymers, including polyamides, polycarbamates, and polythioesters. This Review presents an overview of the different catalysts, monomer combinations, and polymer classes that can be accessed by heterocycle/heteroallene ROCOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Oxford Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Oxford Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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15
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Plajer AJ, Crusius D, Jethwa RB, García-Romero Á, Bond AD, García-Rodríguez R, Wright DS. Coordination chemistry of the bench-stable tris-2-pyridyl pnictogen ligands [E(6-Me-2-py) 3] (E = As, As[double bond, length as m-dash]O, Sb). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2393-2402. [PMID: 33291126 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03732j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Tripodal ligands with main group bridghead units are well established in coordination chemistry and single-site organometallic catalysis. Although a large number of tris(2-pyridyl) main group ligands [E(2-py)3] (E = main group element, 2-py = 2-pyridyl) spanning across the whole p-block are now synthetically acessible, only limited work has been done on the coordination chemistry on the tris(2-pyridyl) group 15 ligands for the heavier elements (As, Sb). In the current study we investigate the coordination chemistry of the ligand family E(6-Me-2-py)3 (E = As, Sb) and of the As(v) ligand O[double bond, length as m-dash]As(6-Me-2-py)3. The air- and mositure-stability of all of these main group ligands makes them especially attractive in future catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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16
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Abstract
Phosph(III)azanes, featuring the heterocyclobutane P2 N2 ring, have now been established as building blocks in main-group coordination and supramolecular compounds. Previous studies have largely involved their use as neutral P-donor ligands or as anionic N-donor ligands, derived from deprotonation of amido-phosphazanes [RNHP(μ-NR)]2 . The use of neutral amido-phosphazanes themselves as chelating, H-bond donors in anion receptors has also been an area of recent interest because of the ease by which the proton acidity and anion binding constants can be modulated, by the incorporation of electron-withdrawing exo- and endo-cyclic groups (R) and by the coordination of transition metals to the ring P atoms. We observed recently that the effect of P,N-chelation of metal atoms to the P atoms of cis-[(2-py)NHP(μ-Nt Bu)]2 (2-py=2-pyridyl) not only pre-organises the N-H functionality for optimum H-bonding to anions but also results in a large increase in anion binding constants, well above those for traditional organic receptors like squaramides and ureas. Here, we report a broader investigation of ligand chemistry of [(2-py)NHP(μ-t NBu)]2 (and of the new quinolyl derivative [(8-Qu)NHP(μ-Nt Bu)]2 (8-Qu=8-quinolyl). The additional N-donor functionality of the heterocyclic substituents and its position has a marked effect on the anion and metal coordination chemistry of both species, leading to novel structural behaviour and reactivity compared to unfunctionalized counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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17
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Peel AJ, Waters JE, Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Wright DS. Recent advances in the synthesis and application of tris(pyridyl) ligands containing metallic and semimetallic p-block bridgeheads. Advances in Organometallic Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Plajer AJ, Rizzuto FJ, von Krbek LKS, Gisbert Y, Martínez-Agramunt V, Nitschke JR. Oxidation triggers guest dissociation during reorganization of an Fe II 4L 6 twisted parallelogram. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10399-10404. [PMID: 34123180 PMCID: PMC8162311 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04352d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional FeII 4L6 parallelogram was prepared from ferrocene-containing ditopic ligands. The steric preference of the bulky ferrocene cores towards meridional vertex coordination brought about this new structure type, in which the ferrocene units adopt three distinct conformations. The structure possesses two distinct, bowl-like cavities that host anionic guests. Oxidation of the ferrocene FeII to ferrocenium FeIII causes rotation of the ferrocene hinges, converting the structure to an FeII 1L1 + species with release of anionic guests, even though the average charge per iron increases in a way that would ordinarily increase guest binding strength. The degrees of freedom exhibited by these new structures - derived from the different configurations of the three ligands surrounding a meridional FeII center and the rotation of ferrocene cores - thus underpin their ability to reconfigure and eject guests upon oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Yohan Gisbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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19
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García-Romero Á, Plajer AJ, Miguel D, Wright DS, Bond AD, Álvarez CM, García-Rodríguez R. Tris(2-pyridyl) Bismuthines: Coordination Chemistry, Reactivity, and Anion-Triggered Pyridyl Coupling. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7103-7116. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro García-Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU, Cinquima, Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU, Cinquima, Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Celedonio M. Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU, Cinquima, Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU, Cinquima, Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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20
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Abstract
Coordination of Cu(i) or Pd(ii) to seleno-cyclodiphosph(v)azanes of the type [RNH(Se)P(μ-NtBu)]2 results in positively charged anion receptor units which have increased anion affinity over the neutral seleno-phosph(v)azanes, due to the increase in electrostatic interactions between the receptor and the guest anions. The same effect is produced by replacement of one of the P[double bond, length as m-dash]Se units by a P-Me+ unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Sanha Lee
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Jonathan M Goodman
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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21
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Plajer AJ, Zhu J, Pröhm P, Rizzuto FJ, Keyser UF, Wright DS. Conformational Control in Main Group Phosphazane Anion Receptors and Transporters. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1029-1037. [PMID: 31877039 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anion binding by receptor molecules is a central field of modern chemistry which impacts areas of catalysis as well as biological and materials chemistry. As binding often requires high chemical stability under aerobic and aqueous conditions for practical applications, carbon-based anion receptors have dominated this field, with main group element analogues receiving far less attention. The recent observation that the air- and moisture-stable amino-cyclophosph(V)azanes of the type [RN(E)P(μ-NR)]2 (E = O, S, Se) can exhibit halide binding that is competitive with topologically related organic receptors (such as squaramides and thioureas) has motivated us here to explore how the binding properties of phosphazane receptors can be enhanced further. Coordination of transition metals by the two P,N metal coordination sites of the phosph(III)azane dimer [(2-py)NHP(μ-NtBu)]2 not only activates the receptor for anion binding (by fixing the optimum exo-exo conformation and polarizing the endocyclic N-H substituents) but also stabilizes the P2N2 ring to hydrolysis and oxidation. We show how the binding properties of these receptors can be modulated by the coordinated metal fragments and that they can bind chloride 1 to 2 orders of magnitude stronger than the related squaramides and thioureas. These features can be utilized in anion transport through phospholipid bilayers under aqueous conditions for which transport can be improved by 1 order of magnitude compared to the previous best phosphazane and thiourea transporters. This study demonstrates how careful design of inorganic systems can result in potent supramolecular functionality, beyond that observed for organic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Chemistry Department , Cambridge University , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Jinbo Zhu
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics , Cambridge University , J. J. Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , U.K
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universitaet Berlin Fabeckstr , 34-36 14159 Berlin , Germany
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street W , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Ulrich F Keyser
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics , Cambridge University , J. J. Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , U.K
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Chemistry Department , Cambridge University , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
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22
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Yang ES, Plajer AJ, García-Romero Á, Bond AD, Ronson TK, Álvarez CM, García-Rodríguez R, Colebatch AL, Wright DS. A Tris(3-pyridyl)stannane as a Building Block for Heterobimetallic Coordination Polymers and Supramolecular Cages. Chemistry 2019; 25:14003-14009. [PMID: 31469199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The systematic assembly of supramolecular arrangements is a persistent challenge in modern coordination chemistry, especially where further aspects of complexity are concerned, as in the case of large molecular mixed-metal arrangements. One targeted approach to such heterometallic complexes is to engineer metal-based donor ligands of the correct geometry to build 3D arrangements upon coordination to other metals. This simple idea has, however, only rarely been applied to main group metal-based ligand systems. Here, we show that the new, bench-stable tris(3-pyridyl)stannane ligand PhSn(3-Py)3 (3-Py=3-pyridyl) provides simple access to a range of heterometallic SnIV /transition metal complexes, and that the presence of weakly coordinating counter anions can be used to build discrete molecular arrangements involving anion encapsulation. This work therefore provides a building strategy in this area, which parallels that of supramolecular transition metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Álvaro García-Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel, Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Annie L Colebatch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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23
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Plajer AJ, Rizzuto FJ, Niu H, Lee S, Goodman JM, Wright DS. Guest Binding via N−H⋅⋅⋅π Bonding and Kinetic Entrapment by an Inorganic Macrocycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Hao‐Che Niu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanha Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jonathan M. Goodman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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24
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Plajer AJ, Rizzuto FJ, Niu H, Lee S, Goodman JM, Wright DS. Guest Binding via N−H⋅⋅⋅π Bonding and Kinetic Entrapment by an Inorganic Macrocycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10655-10659. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Hao‐Che Niu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanha Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jonathan M. Goodman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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25
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Plajer AJ, Zhu J, Proehm P, Bond AD, Keyser UF, Wright DS. Tailoring the Binding Properties of Phosphazane Anion Receptors and Transporters. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8807-8815. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jinbo Zhu
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, Cambridge University, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Patrick Proehm
- Institut fuer Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36 14159 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Ulrich F. Keyser
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, Cambridge University, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Chemistry Department, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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26
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Plajer AJ, Percástegui EG, Santella M, Rizzuto FJ, Gan Q, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Inside Cover: Fluorometric Recognition of Nucleotides within a Water‐Soluble Tetrahedral Capsule (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2019). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Marco Santella
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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27
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Plajer AJ, Percástegui EG, Santella M, Rizzuto FJ, Gan Q, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Fluorometric Recognition of Nucleotides within a Water‐Soluble Tetrahedral Capsule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Marco Santella
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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Plajer AJ, Percástegui EG, Santella M, Rizzuto FJ, Gan Q, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Innentitelbild: Fluorometric Recognition of Nucleotides within a Water‐Soluble Tetrahedral Capsule (Angew. Chem. 13/2019). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Marco Santella
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science CenterUniversity of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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29
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Plajer AJ, Percástegui EG, Santella M, Rizzuto FJ, Gan Q, Laursen BW, Nitschke JR. Fluorometric Recognition of Nucleotides within a Water-Soluble Tetrahedral Capsule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4200-4204. [PMID: 30666756 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The design of aqueous probes and binders for complex, biologically relevant anions presents a key challenge in supramolecular chemistry. Herein, a tetrahedral assembly with cationic faces and corners is reported that is capable of discriminating between anionic and neutral guests in water. Electrostatic repulsion between subcomponents can be overcome by the addition of an anionic template, or generating a robust covalent framework by incorporating tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN). The resultant TREN-capped, water-soluble, fluorescent cage binds mono- and poly-phosphoric esters, including nucleotides. Its covalent skeleton renders it stable at micromolar concentrations in water, enabling the fluorometric detection of biologically relevant guests in an aqueous environment. Selective supramolecular encapsulants, such as 1, could enable new sensing applications, such as recognition of toxins and drugs, under biological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Edmundo G Percástegui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Marco Santella
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Quan Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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30
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Rizzuto FJ, Pröhm P, Plajer AJ, Greenfield JL, Nitschke JR. Hydrogen-Bond-Assisted Symmetry Breaking in a Network of Chiral Metal–Organic Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1707-1715. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jake L. Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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31
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Plajer AJ, Kopf S, Colebatch AL, Bond AD, Wright DS, García-Rodríguez R. Deprotonation, insertion and isomerisation in the post-functionalisation of tris-pyridyl aluminates. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5692-5697. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00869a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of aluminate anions [EtAl(6-R-2-py)3]−(6-R-2-py = 6-R-2-pyridyl, R = Me or Br) with aldehydes (RCHO) or carboxylic acids (RCO2H) reveal how these species can be used to sense chirality and show a new aspect of isomerism in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Sara Kopf
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Andrew D. Bond
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Valladolid
- Campus Miguel
- Delibes
- 47011 Valladolid
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32
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Percástegui EG, Mosquera J, Ronson TK, Plajer AJ, Kieffer M, Nitschke JR. Waterproof architectures through subcomponent self-assembly. Chem Sci 2018; 10:2006-2018. [PMID: 30881630 PMCID: PMC6385555 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05085f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Construction of metal–organic containers that are soluble and stable in water can be challenging – we present diverse strategies that allow the synthesis of kinetically robust water-soluble architectures via subcomponent self-assembly.
Metal–organic containers are readily prepared through self-assembly, but achieving solubility and stability in water remains challenging due to ligand insolubility and the reversible nature of the self-assembly process. Here we have developed conditions for preparing a broad range of architectures that are both soluble and kinetically stable in water through metal(ii)-templated (MII = CoII, NiII, ZnII, CdII) subcomponent self-assembly. Although these structures are composed of hydrophobic and poorly-soluble subcomponents, sulfate counterions render them water-soluble, and they remain intact indefinitely in aqueous solution. Two strategies are presented. Firstly, stability increased with metal–ligand bond strength, maximising when NiII was used as a template. Architectures that disassembled when CoII, ZnII and CdII templates were employed could be directly prepared from NiSO4 in water. Secondly, a higher density of connections between metals and ligands within a structure, considering both ligand topicity and degree of metal chelation, led to increased stability. When tritopic amines were used to build highly chelating ligands around ZnII and CdII templates, cryptate-like water-soluble structures were formed using these labile ions. Our synthetic platform provides a unified understanding of the elements of aqueous stability, allowing predictions of the stability of metal–organic cages that have not yet been prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Marion Kieffer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW , UK .
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33
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García‐Romero Á, Plajer AJ, Álvarez‐Miguel L, Bond AD, Wright DS, García‐Rodríguez R. Postfunctionalization of Tris(pyridyl) Aluminate Ligands: Chirality, Coordination, and Supramolecular Chemistry. Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro García‐Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Lucía Álvarez‐Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
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34
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García‐Romero Á, Plajer AJ, Álvarez‐Miguel L, Bond AD, Wright DS, García‐Rodríguez R. Postfunctionalization of Tris(pyridyl) Aluminate Ligands: Chirality, Coordination, and Supramolecular Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:17019-17026. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro García‐Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Lucía Álvarez‐Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
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35
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Plajer AJ, Ahrens L, Wieteck M, Lustosa DM, Babaahmadi R, Yates B, Ariafard A, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Different Selectivities in the Insertions into C(sp 2 )-H Bonds: Benzofulvenes by Dual Gold Catalysis Competition Experiments. Chemistry 2018; 24:10766-10772. [PMID: 29761575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented, often almost quantitative access to tricyclic aromatic compounds by dual gold catalysis was developed. This synthetic route expands the scope of benzofulvene derivatives through a C(sp2 )-H bond insertion in easily available starting materials. The insertion takes place with an exclusive chemoselectivity with respect to the competing aromatic C-H positions. A bidirectional synthesis with two competing ortho-aryl C-H bonds in the selectivity-determining step also shows perfect selectivity; this result is explained by a computational investigation of the two conceivable intermediates. The intramolecular competition of two non-equivalent aryl C-H bonds with a benzylic methyl group also showed perfect selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Wieteck
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Danilo M Lustosa
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rasool Babaahmadi
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Brian Yates
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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36
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Plajer AJ, Colebatch AL, Rizzuto FJ, Pröhm P, Bond AD, García‐Rodríguez R, Wright DS. How Changing the Bridgehead Can Affect the Properties of Tripodal Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Annie L. Colebatch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Institut fuer Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universitaet Berlin Fabeckstr. 34–36 14159 Berlin Germany
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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37
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Plajer AJ, Colebatch AL, Rizzuto FJ, Pröhm P, Bond AD, García-Rodríguez R, Wright DS. How Changing the Bridgehead Can Affect the Properties of Tripodal Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6648-6652. [PMID: 29603844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although a multitude of studies have explored the coordination chemistry of classical tripodal ligands containing a range of main-group bridgehead atoms or groups, it is not clear how periodic trends affect ligand character and reactivity within a single ligand family. A case in point is the extensive family of neutral tris-2-pyridyl ligands E(2-py)3 (E=C-R, N, P), which are closely related to archetypal tris-pyrazolyl borates. With the 6-methyl substituted ligands E(6-Me-2-py)3 (E=As, Sb, Bi) in hand, the effects of bridgehead modification alone on descending a single group in the periodic table were assessed. The primary influence on coordination behaviour is the increasing Lewis acidity (electropositivity) of the bridgehead atom as Group 15 is descended, which not only modulates the electron density on the pyridyl donor groups but also introduces the potential for anion selective coordination behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Annie L Colebatch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Institut fuer Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14159, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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38
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Niu HC, Plajer AJ, Garcia-Rodriguez R, Singh S, Wright DS. Frontispiece: Designing the Macrocyclic Dimension in Main Group Chemistry. Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201881361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Che Niu
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raul Garcia-Rodriguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel, Delibes; Universidad de Valladolid; 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar; Mohali 140306, Punjab India
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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39
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Niu HC, Plajer AJ, Garcia-Rodriguez R, Singh S, Wright DS. Designing the Macrocyclic Dimension in Main Group Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:3073-3082. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Che Niu
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raul Garcia-Rodriguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel, Delibes; Universidad de Valladolid; 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar; Mohali 140306, Punjab India
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Chemistry Department, Lensfield Road; Cambridge University; Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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40
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Plajer AJ, Garcia-Rodriguez R, Rizzuto FJ, Wright DS. Flexible Bonding of the Phosph(V)azane Dianions [S(E)P(μ-Nt
Bu)]2
2−. Chemistry 2018; 24:2013-2019. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department; Cambridge University; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Raul Garcia-Rodriguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valladolid; Campus Miguel, Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Chemistry Department; Cambridge University; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Chemistry Department; Cambridge University; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom
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41
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Plajer AJ, Colebatch AL, Enders M, García-Romero Á, Bond AD, García-Rodríguez R, Wright DS. The coordination chemistry of the neutral tris-2-pyridyl silicon ligand [PhSi(6-Me-2-py)3]. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7036-7043. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01332b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The first transition metal complexes of Si(iv) tris(2-pyridyl) ligands are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Markus Enders
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut
- Heidelberg University
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Álvaro García-Romero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Campus Miguel
- Delibes
- Universidad de Valladolid
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Chemistry Department. Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Campus Miguel
- Delibes
- Universidad de Valladolid
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42
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Abstract
The Se-bridged PIII/PV phosphazane macrocycle [{(tBuN)PV(μ-NtBu)}2(μ-Se)2{PIII(μ-NtBu)}2]3 is obtained selectively using [Se(tBuN)P(μ-NtBu)]22− as a nucleophilic component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department
- Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Hao-Che Niu
- Chemistry Department
- Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
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43
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Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Benson CGM, Matthews PD, Bond AD, Singh S, Gade LH, Wright DS. Rücktitelbild: A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles (Angew. Chem. 31/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Callum G. M. Benson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Peter D. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar Mohali 140306 Punjab India
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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44
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Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Benson CGM, Matthews PD, Bond AD, Singh S, Gade LH, Wright DS. Back Cover: A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 31/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Callum G. M. Benson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Peter D. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar Mohali 140306 Punjab India
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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45
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Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Benson CGM, Matthews PD, Bond AD, Singh S, Gade LH, Wright DS. A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Callum G. M. Benson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Peter D. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar Mohali 140306 Punjab India
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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46
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Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Benson CGM, Matthews PD, Bond AD, Singh S, Gade LH, Wright DS. A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9087-9090. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Callum G. M. Benson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Peter D. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar Mohali 140306 Punjab India
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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47
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Plajer AJ, Bold K, Rizzuto FJ, García-Rodríguez R, Ronson TK, Wright DS. Isomerisation, reactivity and coordination chemistry of a new hybrid, multi-functional phosphazane. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12775-12779. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03074f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unsymmetrical PIII/PV cyclodiphosphazane [(S)(H)P(μ-NtBu)2PNHtBu] provides entry into the mixed chalgogenide dianion [(S)P(μ-NtBu)2P(Se)NtBu]2−, and unique insight into the mechanisms of cis/trans isomerism in phosph(iii)- and phosph(v)-azanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Chemistry Department
- Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Kevin Bold
- Chemistry Department
- Cambridge University
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Campus Miguel
- Delibes
- Universidad de Valladolid
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48
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Benson CGM, Plajer AJ, García-Rodríguez R, Bond AD, Singh S, Gade LH, Wright DS. A versatile hard–soft N/S-ligand for metal coordination and cluster formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9683-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04805f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The new ligand [S-P(μ-NtBu)]22− has adaptable hard–soft character with respect to the coordinated metal centre and can be used to construct large cage architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- CB2 1EW Cambridge
- UK
| | | | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- CB2 1EW Cambridge
- UK
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali
- Mohali 140306
- India
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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