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Liu C, Wang M, Wang J, Xu G, Zhang S, Ding F. Double-Phase-Networking Polyimide Hybrid Aerogel with Exceptional Dimensional Stability for Superior Thermal Protection System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404104. [PMID: 38953403 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Polyimide aerogels have been extensively used in thermal protection domain because they possess a combination of intrinsic characteristics of aerogels and unique features of polyimide. However, polyimide aerogels still suffer significant thermally induced shrinkage at temperatures above 200 °C, restricting their application at high temperature. Here, a novel "double-phase-networking" strategy is proposed for fabricating a lightweight and mechanically robust polyimide hybrid aerogel by forming silica-zirconia-phase networking skeletons, which possess exceptional dimensional stability in high-temperature environments and superior thermal insulation. The rational mechanism responsible for the formation of double-phase-networking aerogel is further explained, generally attributing to chemical crosslinking reactions and supramolecular hydrogen bond interactions derived from the main chains of polyimide and silane/zirconia precursor/sol. The as-prepared aerogels exhibit excellent high-temperature (270 °C) dimensional stability (5.09% ± 0.16%), anti-thermal-shock properties, and low thermal conductivity. Moreover, the hydrophobic treatment provides aerogels high water resistance with water contact angle of 136.9°, further suggestive of low moisture content of 3.6% after exposure to 70 °C and 85% relative humidity for 64 h. The proposed solution for significantly enhancing high-temperature dimensional stability and thermal insulation provides a great supporting foundation for fabricating high-performance organic aerogels as thermal protection materials in aerospace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Mingkang Wang
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Sizhao Zhang
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Polymer Aerogels Research Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
- Thermal Control Technology Laboratory of Aircraft in Space Environment, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
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2
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Wang C, Bai L, Xu H, Qin S, Li Y, Zhang G. A Review of High-Temperature Aerogels: Composition, Mechanisms, and Properties. Gels 2024; 10:286. [PMID: 38786203 PMCID: PMC11121034 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-temperature aerogels have garnered significant attention as promising insulation materials in various industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and beyond, owing to their remarkable thermal insulation properties coupled with low density. With advancements in manufacturing techniques, the thermal resilience of aerogels has considerable improvements. Notably, polyimide-based aerogels can endure temperatures up to 1000 °C, zirconia-based aerogels up to 1300 °C, silica-based aerogels up to 1500 °C, alumina-based aerogels up to 1800 °C, and carbon-based aerogels can withstand up to 2500 °C. This paper systematically discusses recent advancements in the thermal insulation performance of these five materials. It elaborates on the temperature resistance of aerogels and elucidates their thermal insulation mechanisms. Furthermore, it examines the impact of doping elements on the thermal conductivity of aerogels and consolidates various preparation methods aimed at producing aerogels capable of withstanding temperatures. In conclusion, by employing judicious composition design strategies, it is anticipated that the maximum tolerance temperature of aerogels can surpass 2500 °C, thus opening up new avenues for their application in extreme thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Matamaterials and Microdevices, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China; (C.W.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (S.Q.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Letian Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Matamaterials and Microdevices, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China; (C.W.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (S.Q.)
| | - Hongxin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Matamaterials and Microdevices, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China; (C.W.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (S.Q.)
| | - Shengjian Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Matamaterials and Microdevices, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China; (C.W.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yanfang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Guanglei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
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3
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Lopes WC, Brito FM, Neto FE, Araújo AR, Leite RC, Viana VGF, Silva-Filho EC, Silva DA. Development of a New Clay-Based Aerogel Composite from Ball Clay from Piauí, Brazil and Polysaccharides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112412. [PMID: 37299211 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of polymeric components into aerogels based on clay produces a significant improvement in the physical and thermal properties of the aerogels. In this study, clay-based aerogels were produced from a ball clay by incorporation of angico gum and sodium alginate using a simple, ecologically acceptable mixing method and freeze-drying. The compression test showed a low density of spongy material. In addition, both the compressive strength and the Young's modulus of elasticity of the aerogels showed a progression associated to the decrease in pH. The microstructural characteristics of the aerogels were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical structure was studied by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR). The TGA curves from a non-oxidizing atmosphere indicated that the clay had a mass loss of 9% above 500 °C and that due to the presence of polysaccharides, the aerogels presented a decomposition of 20% at temperatures above 260 °C. The DSC curves of the aerogels demonstrated a displacement in higher temperatures. In conclusion, the results showed that aerogels of ball clay with the incorporation of polysaccharides, which are still minimally studied, have potential application as thermal insulation considering the mechanical and thermal results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilton C Lopes
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, UFDPar, São Sebastião Avenue, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisco M Brito
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, UFDPar, São Sebastião Avenue, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisco E Neto
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, UFDPar, São Sebastião Avenue, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Alyne R Araújo
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, UFDPar, São Sebastião Avenue, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Rodolpho C Leite
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Engineering, Federal Institute of Piaui (IFPI), Campus Teresina Central, Teresina 64001-270, PI, Brazil
| | - Vicente G Freitas Viana
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Engineering, Federal Institute of Piaui (IFPI), Campus Teresina Central, Teresina 64001-270, PI, Brazil
| | - Edson C Silva-Filho
- LIMAV, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Piauí Federal University, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Durcilene A Silva
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, UFDPar, São Sebastião Avenue, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
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4
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Luo Y, Ni L, Shen L, Qiu C, Liu P, Liang M, Zou H, Zhou S. Fabrication of Rigid Polyimide Foams by Constructing Dual Crosslinking Network Structures. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfu Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Long Ni
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Lu Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Pengbo Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Mei Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Shengtai Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
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5
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Luo Y, Ni L, Shen L, Sun T, Liang M, Liu P, Zou H, Zhou S. Fabrication of rigid polyimide foams by adopting active crosslinking strategy. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Ghaffari-Mosanenzadeh S, Aghababaei Tafreshi O, Karamikamkar S, Saadatnia Z, Rad E, Meysami M, Naguib HE. Recent advances in tailoring and improving the properties of polyimide aerogels and their application. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 304:102646. [PMID: 35378358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid advancements in technology and growing aerospace applications, there is a need for effective low-weight and thermally insulating materials. Aerogels are known for their ultra-lightweight and they are highly porous materials with nanopores in a range of 2 to 50 nm with very low thermal conductivity values. However, due to hygroscopic nature and brittleness, aerogels are not used commercially and in daily life. To enhance the mechanical and hydrophobic properties, reinforcement materials such as styrene, cyanoacrylates, epoxy along with hydroxyl, amines, vinyl groups are added to the surface. The addition of organic materials resulted in lower service temperatures which reduce its potential applications. Polyimides (PI) are commonly used in engine applications due to their suitable stability at high temperatures along with excellent mechanical properties. Previous research on polyimide aerogels reported high flexibility or even foldability. However, those works' strategy was mainly limited to altering the backbone chemistry of polyimide aerogels by changing either the monomer's compositions or the chemical crosslinker. This work aims to summarize, categorize, and highlight the recent techniques for improving and tailoring properties of polyimide aerogels followed by the recent advancements in their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Solmaz Karamikamkar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Zia Saadatnia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Elmira Rad
- BASF Corporation, 450 Clark Drive, Budd Lake, NJ 07828, United States
| | - Mohammad Meysami
- BASF Corporation, 450 Clark Drive, Budd Lake, NJ 07828, United States
| | - Hani E Naguib
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.
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7
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He H, Liu Q, Zhang SD, Chen HB. Fabrication and Properties of Polyimide/Carbon Fiber Aerogel and the Derivative Carbon Aerogel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- College of Mechanical and Automotive, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Shui-Dong Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Automotive, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Hong-Bing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
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8
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Zheng S, Jiang L, Zhang C, Ma N, Liu X. Facile and environment-friendly preparation of high-performance polyimide aerogels using water as the only solvent. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01573g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study described a facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing polyimide (PI) aerogels via sol-gel process and freeze-drying without the use of organic solvents. The prepared PI aerogels showed...
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9
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Reduced shrinkage and mechanically strong dual-network polyimide aerogel films for effective filtration of particle matter. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Luo Y, Ni L, Yan L, Zou H, Zhou S, Liang M. Structure to Properties Relations of Polyimide Foams Derived from Various Dianhydride Components. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfu Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Long Ni
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shengtai Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Mei Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- Chengdu Kedabochuang Technology, Ltd., Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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11
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Preparation of Low-dielectric Permittivity Polyimide Resins with High Surface Activity from Chemically Bonded Hyperbranched Polysiloxane. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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12
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The synthesis and properties of silicon-containing arylacetylene resins with rigid-rod 2,5-diphenyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazole moieties. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Xu G, Li M, Wu T, Teng C. Highly compressible and anisotropic polyimide aerogels containing aramid nanofibers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Abstract
Star-shaped arylacetylene resins, tris(3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl)methylsilane, tris(3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl) phenylsilane, and tris (3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl) silane (TEPHS), were synthesized through Grignard reaction between 1,3-diethynylbenzene and three types of trichlorinated silanes. The chemical structures and properties of the resins were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Haake torque rheomoter, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, mechanical test, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the melt viscosity at 120 °C is lower than 150 mPa⋅s, and the processing windows are as wide as 60 °C for the resins. The resins cure at the temperature as low as 150 °C. The good processabilities make the resins to be suitable for resin transfer molding. The cured resins exhibit high flexural modulus and excellent heat-resistance. The flexural modulus of the cured TEPHS at room temperature arrives at as high as 10.9 GPa. Its temperature of 5% weight loss (T
d5) is up to 697 °C in nitrogen. The resins show the potential for application in fiber-reinforced composites as high-performance resin in the field of aviation and aerospace.
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