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Carvalho EO, Marques-Almeida T, Cruz BDD, Correia DM, Esperança JMSS, Irastorza I, Silvan U, Fernandes MM, Lanceros-Mendez S, Ribeiro C. Piezoelectric biomaterials with embedded ionic liquids for improved orthopedic interfaces through osseointegration and antibacterial dual characteristics. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 164:213970. [PMID: 39106539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Orthopedic implant failures, primarily attributed to aseptic loosening and implant site infections, pose significant challenges to patient recovery and lead to revision surgeries. Combining piezoelectric materials with ionic liquids as interfaces for orthopedic implants presents an innovative approach to addressing both issues simultaneously. In this study, films of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) incorporated with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Emim][HSO4]) ionic liquid were developed. These films exhibited strong antibacterial properties, effectively reducing biofilm formation, thereby addressing implant-related infections. Furthermore, stem cell-based differentiation assays exposed the potential of the composite materials to induce osteogenesis. Interestingly, our findings also revealed the upregulation of calcium channel expression as a result of electromechanical stimulation, pointing to a mechanistic basis for the observed biological effects. This work highlights the potential of piezoelectric materials with ionic liquids to improve the longevity and biocompatibility of orthopedic implants. Offering dual-functionality for infection prevention and bone integration, these advancements hold significant potential for advancing orthopedic implant technologies and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Carvalho
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S - Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - T Marques-Almeida
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S - Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - B D D Cruz
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - D M Correia
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - J M S S Esperança
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - I Irastorza
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - U Silvan
- BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - M M Fernandes
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centre for MicroElectroMechanics Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal; LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - S Lanceros-Mendez
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - C Ribeiro
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S - Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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2
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Le J, Lv F, Lin J, Wu Y, Ren Z, Zhang Q, Dong S, Luo J, Shi J, Chen R, Hong Z, Huang Y. Novel Sandwich-Structured Flexible Composite Films with Enhanced Piezoelectric Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1492-1501. [PMID: 38153799 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers have been widely investigated for applications in wearable electric devices and sensing systems, owing to their intrinsic piezoelectricity and superior flexibility. However, their weak piezoelectricity poses major challenges for practical applications. To overcome these challenges, we propose a two-step synthesis approach to fabricate sandwich-structured piezoelectric films (BaTiO3@PDA/PVDF/BaTiO3@PDA) with significantly enhanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. As compared to pristine PVDF films or conventional 0-3 composite films, a maximum polarization (Pmax) of 11.24 μC/cm2, a remanent polarization (Pr) of 5.83 μC/cm2, and an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient (d33 ∼ 14.6 pC/N) were achieved. Simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the sandwich structure enhances the ability of composite films to withstand higher poling electric fields in comparison with 0-3 composites. The sandwich-structured piezoelectric films are further integrated into a wireless sensor system with a high force sensitivity of 288 mV/N, demonstrating great potential for movement monitoring applications. This facile approach shows great promise for the large-scale production of composite films with remarkable flexibility, ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity for wearable sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Le
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fu Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiamin Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaohui Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qilong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shurong Dong
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jikui Luo
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junhui Shi
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zijian Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhui Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang, China
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Markuniene I, Rabiei M, Nasiri S, Urbaite S, Palevicius A, Janusas G. Biocompatible Piezoelectric PVDF/HA/AgNO 3 Thin Film Prepared by the Solvent Casting Method. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:289. [PMID: 36616887 PMCID: PMC9823978 DOI: 10.3390/s23010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new composites based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were ornamented and prepared with hydroxyapatite (HA) and silver nitride (AgNO3). Taking into account the polarity of the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide, this solvent was used to disperse the particles. The aim of using DMSO was to create amorphous phases and the strong dipoles of the C-F bond to reduce the energy barrier and improve the electrical properties. The PVDF played the role of matrix in HA, and AgNO3 was used as reinforcing elements. X-ray diffraction of the samples directly showed the amorphous phase and mixed amorphous and crystalline phases when all three materials were used simultaneously for preparing the composite. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the samples confirmed the role of PVDF, HA, and AgNO3. Furthermore, the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed and proved that the HA structure did not change when the ratio of CaP was equal to the ratio of natural HA. The electrical properties were investigated, and the amount of energy ranged from 56.50 to 125.20 mV. The final results showed that a designed device consisting of an active layer made of 0.1 g HA:0.5 g PVDF showed the highest energy barrier, the highest polarity, and surface energy, thus proving its relevance as potential material for energy harvesting applications.
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Bootchanont A, Porjai P, Noonuruk R, Wattanawikkam C, Pavasupree S, Klysubun W, Wechprasit T, Maniwong A, Pecharapa W. Piezoelectric enhanced photocatalytic properties of PVDF–ZnO/Cu nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technique. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2086812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atipong Bootchanont
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Porramain Porjai
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Russameeruk Noonuruk
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Chakkaphan Wattanawikkam
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sorapong Pavasupree
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Wantana Klysubun
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Tirapat Wechprasit
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aphisit Maniwong
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisanu Pecharapa
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nivedhitha DM, Jeyanthi S. Polyvinylidene fluoride, an advanced futuristic smart polymer material: A comprehensive review. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Corona-Poled Porous Electrospun Films of Gram-Scale Y-Doped ZnO and PVDF Composites for Piezoelectric Nanogenerators. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183912. [PMID: 36146062 PMCID: PMC9502599 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
For digging out eco−friendly and well−performed energy harvesters, piezoelectric nanogenerators are preferred owing to their effortless assembly. Corona−poling promotes output performance of either aligned or porous PVDF electrospun films and higher piezoelectric output was achieved by corona−poled porous PVDF electrospun films due to more poled electret dipoles in pores. Increasing the duration of electrospinning rendered more electret dipoles in PVDF porous electrospun films, resulting in higher piezoelectric output. Moreover, corona−poled PVDF/Y−ZnO porous electrospun films performed better than corona−poled PVDF/ZnO porous electrospun films because of the larger polar crystal face of Y−ZnO. Flexible piezoelectric polymer PVDF and high−piezoelectric Y−ZnO complement each other in electrospun films. With 15 wt% of Y−ZnO, corona−poled PVDF/Y−ZnO porous electrospun films generated maximum power density of 3.6 μW/cm2, which is 18 times that of PVDF/BiCl3 electrospun films.
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Samadi A, Salati MA, Safari A, Jouyandeh M, Barani M, Singh Chauhan NP, Golab EG, Zarrintaj P, Kar S, Seidi F, Hejna A, Saeb MR. Comparative review of piezoelectric biomaterials approach for bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1555-1594. [PMID: 35604896 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2065409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone as a minerals' reservoir and rigid tissue of the body generating red and white blood cells supports various organs. Although the self-regeneration property of bone, it cannot regenerate spontaneously in severe damages and still remains as a challenging issue. Tissue engineering offers several techniques for regenerating damaged bones, where various biomaterials are examined to fabricate scaffolds for bone repair. Piezoelectric characteristic plays a crucial role in repairing and regenerating damaged bone by mimicking the bone niche behavior. Piezoelectric biomaterials show significant potential for bone tissue engineering. Herein we try to have a comparative review on piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering, classified them, and discussed their effects on implanted cells and manufacturing techniques. Especially, Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its composites are the most practically used piezoelectric biomaterials for bone regeneration. PVDF and its composites have been summarized and discussed to repair damaged bone tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Samadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Amin Safari
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellent in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bhupal Nobles' University, Udaipur 313002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Elias Ghaleh Golab
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Omidiyeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Saptarshi Kar
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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Yu Y, Xu H, Wang X, Guan L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Weng L. Research on structure and properties of
MWCNT
@
PDA
/polymer matrix composite films with enhanced energy storage performance. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
| | - Hang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
| | - Lizhu Guan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application Harbin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education Harbin China
| | - Zijian Wu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application Harbin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education Harbin China
| | - Ling Weng
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application Harbin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education Harbin China
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Chen JX, Li JW, Cheng CC, Chiu CW. Piezoelectric Property Enhancement of PZT/Poly(vinylidenefluoride- co-trifluoroethylene) Hybrid Films for Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:793-803. [PMID: 35036746 PMCID: PMC8756600 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic particles were added for further improvement. PZT belongs to the perovskite family and exhibits good piezoelectricity. Thus, it was added in this experiment to enhance the piezoelectric response of the poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer, which produced a voltage output of 1.958 V under a cyclic pressure of 290 N. In addition, to further disperse the PZT particles in the PVDF-TrFE matrix, tetradecylphosphonic acid (TDPA) was synthesized and employed to modify the PZT surface, after which the surface-modified PZT (m-PZT) particles were added to the PVDF-TrFE matrix. The TDPA on the PZT surface made it difficult for the particles to aggregate, allowing them to disperse in the polymer solution more stably. In this way, the PZT particles with piezoelectric responses could be uniformly dispersed in the PVDF-TrFE film, thereby further enhancing its overall piezoelectric response. The test results showed that upon the addition of 10 wt % m-PZT, the piezoelectric coefficient of m-PZT/PVDF-TrFE 10 wt % was 27 pC/N; and under a cyclic pressure of 290 N, the output voltage reached 3.426 V, which demonstrated a better piezoelectric response than the polymer film with the original PZT particles. Furthermore, the piezoelectric coefficient of m-PZT/PVDF-TrFE 10 wt % was 27.1 pC/N. This was exhibited by maintaining a piezoelectric coefficient of 26.8 pC/N after 2000 cycles. Overall, a flexible piezoelectric film with a high piezoelectric coefficient was prepared by following a simple fabrication process, which showed that this film possesses great commercial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xun Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wun Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate
Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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Silva LEJ, Volnistem EA, Dias GS, Cótica LF, Santos IA, Fiorentin ER, de Oliveira MA, Witchemichen DH, Freitas VF, Bonadio TGM. Polyvinylidene fluoride - Hydroxyapatite 0-3 biocomposite filaments processed by twin-screw extrusion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104891. [PMID: 34689030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride - hydroxyapatite composite filaments were processed by twin-screw extrusion at different processing angular velocities and characterized by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, differential scanning calorimetry and tensile tests. Polymer-ceramic composites with a 0-3 connectivity were successfully obtained. Regardless of the used processing parameters, all composite filaments present very similar melting (∼152°C) and solidification (∼139°C) points and elastic moduli (∼1.0 GPa) for hydroxyapatite as dispersed phase in the composite with concentrations up to 25 wt%, indicating that they are adequate for twin-screw extrusion and 3D printing. However, the yield strength (∼29 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (∼36 MPa) and tensile point (∼29 MPa) parameters are similar only for hydroxyapatite concentrations up to 15 wt%, once higher concentrations of hydroxyapatite as dispersed phase result in fragile samples (∼50% lower for each studied property).
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Affiliation(s)
- L E J Silva
- Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - E A Volnistem
- Department of Physics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - G S Dias
- Department of Physics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - L F Cótica
- Department of Physics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - I A Santos
- Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil; Department of Physics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
| | - E R Fiorentin
- Department of Physics, Midwestern Paraná State University, Al. Élio A. D. Vecchia 838, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - M A de Oliveira
- Department of Physics, Midwestern Paraná State University, Al. Élio A. D. Vecchia 838, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - D H Witchemichen
- Department of Physics, Midwestern Paraná State University, Al. Élio A. D. Vecchia 838, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - V F Freitas
- Department of Physics, Midwestern Paraná State University, Al. Élio A. D. Vecchia 838, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - T G M Bonadio
- Department of Physics, Midwestern Paraná State University, Al. Élio A. D. Vecchia 838, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
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11
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Wang Q, Liang X, Wu C, Wang N, Liu S, Zuo Z, Gao Y. Temperature dependence and correlation of polarization processes in P(VDF-HFP) films. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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