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Xiong X, Guan H, Li B, Yang S, Li W, Ren R, Wang J, Chen P. Cure Kinetics and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Novel Phenylacetylene-Capped Polyimide Resins. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1149. [PMID: 38675068 PMCID: PMC11054460 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on a novel phenylacetylene capped polyimide (PI) with unique high-temperature resistance, its curing kinetics and thermal decomposition behavior were investigated. The curing mechanism and kinetics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) of the curing reaction were calculated based on the Kissinger equation, Ozawa equation, and Crane equation. According to the curve of conversion rate changing with temperature, the relationship between the dynamic reaction Ea and conversion rate (α) was calculated by the Friedman equation, Starink equation, and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (O-F-W) equation, and the reaction Ea in different stages was compared with the results of molecular dynamics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the thermal decomposition behavior of PI resins before and after curing. Temperatures at 5% and 20% mass loss (T5%, T20%), peak decomposition temperature (Tmax), residual carbon rate (RW), and integral process decomposition temperature (IPDT) were used to compare the thermal stability of PI resins and cured PI resins. The results display that the cured PI has excellent thermal stability. The Ea of the thermal decomposition reaction was calculated by the Coats-Redfern method, and the thermal decomposition behavior was analyzed. The thermal decomposition reaction of PI resins at different temperatures was simulated by molecular dynamics, the initial thermal decomposition reaction was studied, and the pyrolysis mechanism was analyzed more comprehensively and intuitively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhai Xiong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Baiyu Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuai Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Rong Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (S.Y.); (W.L.); (R.R.); (J.W.)
| | - Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
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Huang S, Lv X, Zhang Y, Qiu S, Li J, Yin H, Zhang G, Sun R. Exploring the Impact of Blend and Graft of Quinoline Derivative in Low-Temperature Curable Polyimides. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300374. [PMID: 37616581 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of accelerators has been a common approach to prepare low-temperature curable polyimide (PI). However, the accelerators have gradually fallen out of favor because of their excessive dosages and negative effect on the properties of PI. In this work, a new strategy of introducing accelerators by grafting to eliminate these disadvantages is presented. A novel quinoline derivative named 6-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-4-chloroquinoline (NQL) is designed for this purpose, and an ultralow dosage of only 2.5 mol% is sufficient to prepare low-temperature curable PI. The favorable low-temperature curing effect of NQL is attributed to its strong alkalinity (pKa = 18.47) and electron-donating ability. At a curing temperature of 200 °C, the PI with 2.5 mol% NQL showed outstanding properties (Young's modulus of 5.73 GPa, elongation of 37.3%, tensile strength of 237 MPa, and coefficient of thermal expansion of 16 ppm K-1 ). In particular, NQL can even lower the curing temperature to 180 °C and the ultralow temperature curable PI film still retains excellent properties. These results demonstrate that introducing low-temperature curable accelerators by partial grafting instead of blending is a promising way to furnish low-temperature curable PI, and provide insights into the preparation of polyimide with high performance in advanced packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xialei Lv
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Siyao Qiu
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huiming Yin
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen International Innovation Institutes of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Low-Temperature Curable Negative-Tone Photosensitive Polyimides: Structure and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040973. [PMID: 36850257 PMCID: PMC9960158 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature curable negative-tone photosensitive polyimide (n-LTPI) viscous solutions were prepared by dissolving photo-crosslinkable poly (amic ester) (pc-PAE) resin, photophotocrosslinker, photoinitiator, and the heteroaromatic base as curing catalysts, and other additives in organic solvents. Among them, the pc-PAE resin was synthesized by polycondensation of aromatic diacid chloride and diester of 2-ethoxymathacrylate, aromatic diamines in aprotic solvents. After being spun-coated on a silicon wafer surface, soft-baked, exposed to UV light, and developed, the n-LTPI with 2% of imidazole (IMZ) as a curing catalyst produced high-quality photo-patterns with line via resolution of 5 μm at 5 μm film thickness. The photo-patterned polymer films thermally cured at 230 °C/2 h in nitrogen showed 100% of the imidization degree (ID) determined by in situ FT-IR spectroscopy. The thermally cured polymer films exhibited great combined mechanical and thermal properties, including mechanical properties with tensile strength of as high as 189.0 MPa, tensile modulus of 3.7 GP, and elongation at breakage of 59.2%, as well as glass transition temperature of 282.0 °C, showing great potential in advanced microelectronic packaging applications.
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Cao L, Fang X, Chen G. Research on
N,N
′‐carbonyldiimidazole: A novel low‐temperature imidization accelerator of polyimide. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Cao
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou China
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Xingzhong Fang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Guofei Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
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Luo JR, Liu YD, Liu H, Chen WP, Cui TT, Xiao L, Min Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Polyimides with Naphthalene Ring Structure Introduced in the Main Chain. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8014. [PMID: 36431500 PMCID: PMC9699469 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a new aromatic diamine monomer 4,4'-(2,6-naphthalenediyl)bis[benzenamine]) (NADA) was synthesized and a series of modified PI films containing naphthalene ring structure obtained by controlling the molar ratio of NADA monomer, ternary polymerization with 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA), and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). The effects of the introduction of the naphthalene ring on the free volume and various properties of PI were investigated by molecular dynamic simulations. The results show that the comprehensive properties of the modified films are all improved to some extent, with 5% thermal weight loss temperature (Td5%) of 569 °C, glass transition temperature (Tg) of 381 °C, tensile strength of 96.41 MPa, and modulus of elasticity of 2.45 GPa. Dielectric property test results show that the dielectric constant (Dk) of the film at 1 MHz is reduced from 3.21 to 2.82 and dielectric loss (Df) reduced from 0.0091 to 0.0065. It is noteworthy that the PI-1 dielectric constant is reduced from 3.26 to 3.01 at 10 GHz with only 5% NADA doping, which is expected to yield the best ratio and provide the possibility of industrial production.
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Lv X, Qiu S, Huang S, Wang K, Li J, He Z, Zhang G, Lu J, Sun R. A strategy to construct low temperature curable copolyimides with pyrimidine based diamine. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Wang ZZ, Zhang B, Weng X, Yu XD, Liu X, He TS. Application of electrospun polyimide-based porous nano-fibers separators in ionic liquid electrolyte for electrical double-layer capacitors. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Progress in Aromatic Polyimide Films for Electronic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061269. [PMID: 35335599 PMCID: PMC8951356 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic polyimides have excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength and toughness, high electric insulating properties, low dielectric constants and dissipation factors, and high radiation and wear resistance, among other properties, and can be processed into a variety of materials, including films, fibers, carbon fiber composites, engineering plastics, foams, porous membranes, coatings, etc. Aromatic polyimide materials have found widespread use in a variety of high-tech domains, including electric insulating, microelectronics and optoelectronics, aerospace and aviation industries, and so on, due to their superior combination characteristics and variable processability. In recent years, there have been many publications on aromatic polyimide materials, including several books available to readers. In this review, the representative progress in aromatic polyimide films for electronic applications, especially in our laboratory, will be described.
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Liu J, Li J, Wang T, Huang D, Li Z, Zhong A, Liu W, Sui Y, Liu Q, Niu F, Zhang G, Sun R. Organosoluble thermoplastic polyimide with improved thermal stability and UV absorption for temporary bonding and debonding in ultra-thin chip package. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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