1
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Reyna-Ruiz C, Gómez-Soberón JM, Rojas-Valencia MN. Feasibility and Application of Local Closed-Loop Materials to Produce Compressed and Stabilized Earth Blocks. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3358. [PMID: 38998438 PMCID: PMC11243548 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The validation of a feasible application for the production of sustainable bricks with local materials in humid and hot climates, which would allow the current housing needs of a constantly growing population with scarce economic resources to be met while also reducing energy inputs for climate control, is a current challenge without a definitive solution. Therefore, this research studied the incorporation of local aggregates and two second-generation materials to produce lime-stabilized Compressed Earth Blocks (CSEBs) using a semi-automatic machine for their manufacture. An initial matrix was designed as a baseline, and three more were developed with variations to incorporate second-generation materials individually and as mixtures. The stabilizer was added in concentrations of 5, 10, and 15%, resulting in a total of 12 batches of CSEBs. Eleven of the studied batches exceed the normative limits for simple compressive strength and initial water absorption coefficient. The best result of simple compressive strength was obtained in two batches of the same matrix that used construction demolition waste (CDW), reaching 4.3 MPa (43% above the minimum limit established by the most restrictive regulations and 115% above the least restrictive). It was possible to produce sustainable bricks in situ with average ambient temperatures of 32 °C and relative humidity of 91%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Reyna-Ruiz
- Barcelona School of Architecture, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 649 Diagonal Avenue, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Gómez-Soberón
- Department of Architecture Technology, Barcelona School of Building Construction, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Av. Doctor Marañón 44-50, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Neftalí Rojas-Valencia
- Institute of Engineering, Coordination of Environmental Engineering, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. Universidad 3000 C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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2
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Kobayashi Y, Kim S, Nagato T, Oishi T, Kano M. Feed factor profile prediction model for two-component mixed powder in the twin-screw feeder. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100242. [PMID: 38601059 PMCID: PMC11004622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, it is crucial to control the powder flow rate. The feeding process is characterized by the amount of powder delivered per screw rotation, referred to as the feed factor. This study aims to develop models for predicting the feed factor profiles (FFPs) of two-component mixed powders with various formulations, while most previous studies have focused on single-component powders. It further aims to identify the suitable model type and to determine the significance of material properties in enhancing prediction accuracy by using several FFP prediction models with different input variables. Four datasets from the experiment were generated with different ranges of the mass fraction of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and the powder weight in the hopper. The candidates for the model inputs are (a) the mass fraction of API, (b) process parameters, and (c) material properties. It is desirable to construct a high-performance prediction model without the material properties because their measurement is laborious. The results show that using (c) as input variables did not improve the prediction accuracy as much, thus there is no need to use them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Systems Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 6068501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sanghong Kim
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, 1840012 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagato
- Research and Development Division, Powrex Corporation, 5-5-5 Kitagawara, Itami 6640837, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takuya Oishi
- Research and Development Division, Powrex Corporation, 5-5-5 Kitagawara, Itami 6640837, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, 1840012 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kano
- Department of Systems Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 6068501, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Qiao J, Yang J, Lu J. Particle Behavior and Aperture Optimization of Variable Vibration-Amplitude Screening Based on Discrete Element Method Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30976-30989. [PMID: 37663477 PMCID: PMC10468959 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, some novel screens were proposed based on the improved understanding of screening processes from particle-scale studies, one of which is the novel variable amplitude equal thickness vibration screen (VAETVS). This paper presents an investigation of using different aperture sizes to further optimize the VAETVS by the discrete element method (DEM). The screen was divided into three panels, and the aperture size of each panel was varied in the simulation. The particles' dynamics and spatial distribution were investigated to better understand the effects of varied amplitudes and aperture sizes on the screening efficiency. The results showed that the VAETVS can be effectively optimized by varied amplitude as well as varied aperture size for different screen panels. The amplitude variance is more effective for hard sieve particles and hindrance particles. It is also found that from the feed end to the discharge end, the difference in the distribution of particle mass between the coarse particles and the fine particles increases. Generally, such a difference can be increased with increasing aperture sizes. However, the effects of the apertures of the different panels were not the same. The simulated data were further analyzed by the Box-Behnken response surface method, which gave a mathematical model to predict the screening efficiency η with the varied apertures. From the model, the optimal aperture sizes are 7.5, 7.58, and 6.81 mm, yielding the maximum screening efficiency of 86.35%, and the optimal opening areas for the three panels are 35, 40, and 40%, respectively, yielding the maximum screening efficiency of 87.82%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Qiao
- Key
Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry
of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jinshuo Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry
of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Junyu Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry
of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Faculty
of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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4
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Jones-Salkey O, Chu Z, Ingram A, Windows-Yule CRK. Reviewing the Impact of Powder Cohesion on Continuous Direct Compression (CDC) Performance. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1587. [PMID: 37376036 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a paradigm shift towards continuous processing from batch, where continuous direct compression (CDC) is considered to offer the most straightforward implementation amongst powder processes due to the relatively low number of unit operations or handling steps. Due to the nature of continuous processing, the bulk properties of the formulation will require sufficient flowability and tabletability in order to be processed and transported effectively to and from each unit operation. Powder cohesion presents one of the greatest obstacles to the CDC process as it inhibits powder flow. As a result, there have been many studies investigating potential manners in which to overcome the effects of cohesion with, to date, little consideration of how these controls may affect downstream unit operations. The aim of this literature review is to explore and consolidate this literature, considering the impact of powder cohesion and cohesion control measures on the three-unit operations of the CDC process (feeding, mixing, and tabletting). This review will also cover the consequences of implementing such control measures whilst highlighting subject matter which could be of value for future research to better understand how to manage cohesive powders for CDC manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Jones-Salkey
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zoe Chu
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew Ingram
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Huang T, Qian H, Li Z, Zuo T, Wu B. Promoting Pellet Feed Flow in a Screw Feeder with an Agitator. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Huang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Huaiyuan Qian
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tianlin Zuo
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bei Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Changsha 410128, China
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6
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Awasthi S, Gopireddy SR, Kako D, Tanabe S, Nakagawa H, Miyajima M, Profitlich T, Scherließ R, Urbanetz NA. Combined DEM and Johanson model for ribbon density prediction in a roller compactor. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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7
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Ren H, Meng W, Sun X, Zhao Z, Zhao X. Discrete element analysis on dynamic characteristics of directional material flow driven by horizontal trough–free screw conveyor. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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8
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Liu N, Liang C, Liu D, Ma J, Lu D, Li B, Luo D. The Axial Force Model Optimization and Dynamic Characteristics of Shear-Friction Force in Screw. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Digital twin of a continuous direct compression line for drug product and process design using a hybrid flowsheet modelling approach. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Shier AP, Kumar A, Mercer A, Majeed N, Doshi P, Blackwood DO, Verrier HM. Development of a predictive model for gravimetric powder feeding from an API-rich materials properties library. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122071. [PMID: 35931397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A model was developed for predicting the feed factor profile of a powder, processed through a gravimetric feeder, as a function of material properties and process parameters. Predictive models proposed in existing literature have often used excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with good powder flow characteristics in their development. In this work, a material properties library containing a large proportion of APIs, as well as excipients and co-processed blends, was used to build the model and enhance the prediction of feed factor profile for cohesive powders. Gravimetric feeder trials were performed at varying mass flow rates and screw geometries to determine the feed factor profiles. A semi-empirical exponential model, with parameters fmax, fmin, and β, was then used to fit the experimental feed factor profiles. Bayesian optimisation and Support Vector Regression (SVR) modelling techniques were utilised to optimise and predict the exponential model parameters as a function of material properties. The parameters found to strongly influence the model were particle size, bulk density, FFC and FT4 rheometer parameters. Results showed low prediction errors between the estimated and experimental data. The final model produces good estimations of the feed factor profile and requires minimal powder consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Shier
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Sandwich, Kent, UK.
| | | | - Amy Mercer
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Sandwich, Kent, UK
| | - Naimah Majeed
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Pankaj Doshi
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Hugh M Verrier
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Sandwich, Kent, UK
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11
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Mass flow rate prediction of screw conveyor using artificial neural network method. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Shi Q, Sakai M. Recent progress on the discrete element method simulations for powder transport systems: A review. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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13
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Dong M, Wang Z, Gan Y. Wet mono-sized granular packing: Effects of initial clusters and filling strategy. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Discrete numerical simulation of performance analysis of horizontal trough-free screw conveyor in dynamic equilibrium state. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Johnson BJ, Sen M, Hanson J, García-Muñoz S, Sahinidis NV. Stochastic analysis and modeling of pharmaceutical screw feeder mass flow rates. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Gitiaray M, Hashemnia K, Taghvaei S. Studying the design parameters of an auger filler in packaging black pepper seeds using the discrete element method. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2022.2029989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Gitiaray
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamyar Hashemnia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajjad Taghvaei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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Zheng K, Kunnath K, Davé RN. DEM
Simulation of Binary Blend Mixing of Cohesive Particles in a High Intensity Vibration System. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | - Kuriakose Kunnath
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
| | - Rajesh N. Davé
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey USA
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18
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Jin X, Wang S, Shen Y. DEM study of mixing behaviours of cohesive particles in a U-shaped ribbon mixer. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.117097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Minglani D, Sharma A, Pandey H, Joshi JB. Analysis of flow behavior of cohesive monosized spherical and non-spherical particles in screw feeder. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.117049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Chrono::GPU: An Open-Source Simulation Package for Granular Dynamics Using the Discrete Element Method. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on an open-source, publicly available C++ software module called Chrono::GPU, which uses the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to simulate large granular systems on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards. The solver supports the integration of granular material with geometries defined by triangle meshes, as well as co-simulation with the multi-physics simulation engine Chrono. Chrono::GPU adopts a smooth contact formulation and implements various common contact force models, such as the Hertzian model for normal force and the Mindlin friction force model, which takes into account the history of tangential displacement, rolling frictional torques, and cohesion. We report on the code structure and highlight its use of mixed data types for reducing the memory footprint and increasing simulation speed. We discuss several validation tests (wave propagation, rotating drum, direct shear test, crater test) that compare the simulation results against experimental data or results reported in the literature. In another benchmark test, we demonstrate linear scaling with a problem size up to the GPU memory capacity; specifically, for systems with 130 million DEM elements. The simulation infrastructure is demonstrated in conjunction with simulations of the NASA Curiosity rover, which is currently active on Mars.
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21
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Peddapatla RVG, Sheridan G, Slevin C, Swaminathan S, Browning I, O’Reilly C, Worku ZA, Egan D, Sheehan S, Crean AM. Process Model Approach to Predict Tablet Weight Variability for Direct Compression Formulations at Pilot and Production Scale. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071033. [PMID: 34371725 PMCID: PMC8308976 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimizing processing conditions to achieve a critical quality attribute (CQA) is an integral part of pharmaceutical quality by design (QbD). It identifies combinations of material and processing parameters ensuring that processing conditions achieve a targeted CQA. Optimum processing conditions are formulation and equipment-dependent. Therefore, it is challenging to translate a process design between formulations, pilot-scale and production-scale equipment. In this study, an empirical model was developed to determine optimum processing conditions for direct compression formulations with varying flow properties, across pilot- and production-scale tablet presses. The CQA of interest was tablet weight variability, expressed as percentage relative standard deviation. An experimental design was executed for three model placebo blends with varying flow properties. These blends were compacted on one pilot-scale and two production-scale presses. The process model developed enabled the optimization of processing parameters for each formulation, on each press, with respect to a target tablet weight variability of <1%RSD. The model developed was successfully validated using data for additional placebo and active formulations. Validation formulations were benchmarked to formulations used for model development, employing permeability index values to indicate blend flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu V. G. Peddapatla
- SSPC Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (R.V.G.P.); (A.M.C.)
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
| | - Gerard Sheridan
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technology Centre (PMTC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Conor Slevin
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technology Centre (PMTC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | | | - Ivan Browning
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
| | - Clare O’Reilly
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
| | - Zelalem A. Worku
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
| | - David Egan
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technology Centre (PMTC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Stephen Sheehan
- Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited, N37 EA09 Athlone, Ireland; (G.S.); (C.S.); (I.B.); (C.O.); (Z.A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-877-413-140
| | - Abina M. Crean
- SSPC Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (R.V.G.P.); (A.M.C.)
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22
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Bahramian A, Olazar M. Influence of restitution and friction coefficients on the velocity field of polydisperse TiO2 agglomerates in a conical fluidized bed by the adhesive CFD-DEM simulation. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Lian G, Zhong W, Liu X. DEM study on the mixed feeding process of coal and cylindroid biomass particles in a screw feeder. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Minglani D, Sharma A, Pandey H, Dayal R, Joshi JB. Analysis of flow behavior of size distributed spherical particles in screw feeder. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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26
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Pezo L, Pezo M, Banjac V, Jovanović AP, Krulj J, Kojić J, Kojić P. Blending performance of the coupled Ross static mixer and vertical feed mixer - Discrete element model approach. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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28
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Minglani D, Sharma A, Pandey H, Dayal R, Joshi JB, Subramaniam S. A review of granular flow in screw feeders and conveyors. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Hassanzadeh V, Wensrich CM, Moreno-Atanasio R. Elucidation of the role of cohesion in the macroscopic behaviour of coarse particulate systems using DEM. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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31
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Yang P, Zang M, Zeng H. An efficient 3D DEM-FEM contact detection algorithm for tire-sand interaction. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Li YW, Zhao LL, Hu EY, Yang KK, He JF, Jiang HS, Hou QF. Laboratory-scale validation of a DEM model of a toothed double-roll crusher and numerical studies. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Pérez-Orozco R, Patiño D, Porteiro J, Cid N, Regueiro A. Influence of the Feeding Rate on the Transient Behavior of a Biomass Combustor. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pérez-Orozco
- University of VigoSchool of Industrial Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo Spain
| | - David Patiño
- University of VigoSchool of Industrial Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo Spain
| | - Jacobo Porteiro
- University of VigoSchool of Industrial Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo Spain
| | - Natalia Cid
- University of VigoSchool of Industrial Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo Spain
| | - Araceli Regueiro
- University of VigoSchool of Industrial Engineering, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende 36200 Vigo Spain
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Madlmeir S, Loidolt P, Khinast JG. Study of the capsule-filling dosator process via calibrated DEM simulations. Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118441. [PMID: 31212054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Capsule filling is frequently accomplished via the dosator process. Controlling the main quality attributes, i.e., the fill weight and the fill weight variability, requires excellent process understanding. For the investigation of critical process parameters of low-dose capsule filling, DEM simulations were used. Two contact models (Hertz model and Luding model) were calibrated and validated to represent the lactose powder Lactohale 100. Both models gave good results, yet the Luding model resulted in better predictions. Since the dosator process is a volume-based approach, the dosator geometry is an important factor. We provide evidence that not only the volume, but also the proportions of the dosator affect the capsule fill weight. Slim nozzle chambers cause lower mass due to increased wall friction impact. The process is not volumetric, as a fill weight to volume correlation does not exist. Furthermore, the fill weight increases with higher powder beds and smaller gaps between the nozzle tip and the container bottom due to higher densification of the powder. Fill weight variations due to bed inhomogeneity were investigated by varying the bulk density of the initial powder bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Madlmeir
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Loidolt
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes G Khinast
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Zhao J, Xu Y, Li J, Han L. Experimental evaluation of steel particle conveying characteristics in a rotary vane feeder under high pressure. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Calibration of Discrete-Element-Method Parameters for Cohesive Materials Using Dynamic-Yield-Strength and Shear-Cell Experiments. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7050278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the effectiveness of using dynamic yield strength (DYS) and shear-cell experiments to calibrate the following discrete-element-method (DEM) parameters: surface energy, and the coefficients of sliding and rolling friction. These experiments were carried out on cohesive granules, and DEM models were developed for these experiment setups using the JKR cohesion contact model. Parameter-sensitivity analysis on the DYS model showed that the DYS results in the simulations were highly sensitive to surface energy and were also impacted by the values of the two friction coefficients. These results indicated that the DYS model could be used to calibrate the surface energy parameter once the friction coefficients were fixed. Shear-cell sensitivity analysis study found that the influence of surface energy on the critical-state shear value cannot be neglected. It was inferred that the shear-cell model has to be used together with the DYS model to identify the right set of friction parameters. Next, surface energy was calibrated using DYS simulations for a chosen set of friction parameters. Calibrations were successfully conducted for simulations involving experimentally sized particles, scaled-up particles, a different shear modulus, and a different set of friction parameters. In all these cases, the simulation DYS results were found to be linearly correlated with surface energy and were within 5% of the experimental DYS result. Shear-cell simulations were then used to compare calibrated surface-energy values for the scaled-up particles with the experimentally sized particles. Both the simulations resulted in similar critical-state shear values. Finally, it was demonstrated that a combination of DYS and shear-cell simulations could be used to compare two sets of friction parameters and their corresponding calibrated surface energy values to identify the set of parameters that better represent the flow behavior demonstrated by the experimental system.
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Bednarek X, Martin S, Ndiaye A, Peres V, Bonnefoy O. Extrapolation of DEM simulations to large time scale. Application to the mixing of powder in a conical screw mixer. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Thoesen A, Ramirez S, Marvi H. Screw‐generated forces in granular media: Experimental, computational, and analytical comparison. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thoesen
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85251
| | - Sierra Ramirez
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85251
| | - Hamid Marvi
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85251
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Zeng Y, Jia F, Chen P, Qiu H, Han Y, Meng X, Xiao Y. Effects of convex rib height on spherical particle milling in a lab-scale horizontal rice mill. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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40
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Amirifar R, Dong K, Zeng Q, An X. Self-assembly of granular spheres under one-dimensional vibration. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9856-9869. [PMID: 30480310 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01763h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of uniform granular spheres is related to the fundamentals of granular matter such as the transitions of phases, order/disorder and jamming states. This paper presents a DEM (discrete element method) study of the continuous self-assembly of uniform granular spheres from random close packing (RCP) to partially and nearly fully ordered packings under one-dimensional (1D) sinusoidal vibration without other interventions. The effects of the vibration amplitude and frequency are investigated in a wide range. The structures of the packings are characterized in terms of packing fraction and other microscopic structural parameters, including the coordination number, bond-orientational orders, and, in particular, ordered clusters, by adaptive common neighbor analysis (a-CNA). It is shown that 1D vibrations can also lead to the self-assembly of uniform granular spheres with packing fractions exceeding the RCP limit, and FCC (face centered cubic) and HCP (hexagonal close packed) structures coexist in the self-assembled packings while their total fraction can reach nearly 100%. The structures of these packings can be better correlated with the vibration velocity amplitude rather than the commonly used vibration intensity. The dynamics of such self-assembly is also preliminarily analyzed. Our study not only presents the conditions for the self-assembly of uniform granular spheres under 1D vibration, but also characterizes the order-disorder transitions during the process, which can improve our understanding of the fundamentals of granular materials and jamming states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Amirifar
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
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Cai R, Xu L, Zheng J, Zhao Y. Modified cell-linked list method using dynamic mesh for discrete element method. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Sun Z, Zhu H, Hua J. Granular flow characteristics and heat generation mechanisms in an agitating drum with sphere particles: Numerical modeling and experiments. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Santos B, Carmo F, Schlindwein W, Muirhead G, Rodrigues C, Cabral L, Westrup J, Pitt K. Pharmaceutical excipients properties and screw feeder performance in continuous processing lines: a Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:2089-2097. [PMID: 30113219 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1513024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Screw feeder performance is a critical aspect in continuous manufacturing processes. Pharmaceutical excipients, such as mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, and anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate can present problems in ensuring a continuous stable feed rate due to their sub-optimal flow properties. In alignment with Quality by Design (QbD) goals, the aim of this work was to identify and explain critical sources of variability of some powder excipients delivery by screw feeding, in particular to continuous processing lines. Pharmaceutical excipients with a wide range of material properties were selected, and the impact of their flow and density properties on screw feeder performance was investigated. The analysis of the powder conveying by the screws was performed at different hopper fills and different screw speeds. A multivariable model involving bulk density (CBD) and parameters from FT4 dynamic downwards testing (SI) and dynamic upwards testing (SE) explained 95.7% of excipients feed rates (p < .001). The study gathers valuable information about the screw feeder performance and input materials properties that can help process understanding and QbD-based development of solid dosage forms in continuous processing lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Santos
- a Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,b Global Manufacturing and Supply (GMS) , GlaxoSmithKline , Ware , UK
| | - Flavia Carmo
- a Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,b Global Manufacturing and Supply (GMS) , GlaxoSmithKline , Ware , UK
| | - Walkiria Schlindwein
- c Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester , Leicestershire , UK
| | - Gordon Muirhead
- b Global Manufacturing and Supply (GMS) , GlaxoSmithKline , Ware , UK
| | - Carlos Rodrigues
- a Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Lúcio Cabral
- a Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Julian Westrup
- b Global Manufacturing and Supply (GMS) , GlaxoSmithKline , Ware , UK
| | - Kendal Pitt
- b Global Manufacturing and Supply (GMS) , GlaxoSmithKline , Ware , UK
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Mazor A, Orefice L, Michrafy A, de Ryck A, Khinast JG. A combined DEM & FEM approach for modelling roll compaction process. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Ruiz-Carcel C, Starr A, Nsugbe E. Estimation of powder mass flow rate in a screw feeder using acoustic emissions. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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46
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Discrete element model of particle transport and premixing action in modified screw conveyors. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Ratnayake P, Chandratilleke R, Bao J, Shen Y. A soft-sensor approach to mixing rate determination in powder mixers. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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48
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Qiao J, Duan C, Jiang H, Zhao Y, Chen J, Huang L, Wen P, Wu J. Research on screening mechanism and parameters optimization of equal thickness screen with variable amplitude based on DEM simulation. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Chandratilleke G, Dong K, Shen Y. DEM study of the effect of blade-support spokes on mixing performance in a ribbon mixer. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Ruiz-Carcel C, Starr A, Nsugbe E. Estimation of powder mass flow rate in a screw feeder using acoustic emissions. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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