Influence of magnetic field and thermal radiation on convective flow of SWCNTs-water and MWCNTs-water nanofluid between rotating stretchable disks with convective boundary conditions

Oblique stagnation point flow of magnetized Maxwell fluid over a stretchable Riga plate with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and convective conditions

The current work deals with the oblique stagnation point flow phenomenon of a rate-type Maxwell fluid with the significance of the Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory. The Cattaneo-Christov theory is illustrated through the modified form of Fourier's and Fick's laws. The steady magnetized flow mechanism is observed in two dimensions through a stretchable convective Riga plate. In the mass and heat transfer analysis, the consequences of chemical reactions and thermal radiation are also incorporated. With the contribution of relevant dimensionless quantities, the setup of dimensionless equations is acquired which further takes the form of nonlinear equations. The physical significance of the numerous parameters on different features of the flow phenomenon is graphically exhibited. The interesting physical quantities are computed and numerically evaluated relative to the pertinent parameters. This study reveals that the thermal relaxation time parameter lowers the rate of heat transfer, and the thermal Biot number enhances the rate of heat transport. Moreover, the Deborah number minimizes the flow field of both tangential and axial velocities.

Comparative study of ternary hybrid nanofluids with role of thermal radiation and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux between double rotating disks

Heat and mass transfer are crucial to numerous technical and commercial operations, including air conditioning, machinery power collectors, crop damage, processing food, heat transfer mechanisms, and cooling, among numerous others. The fundamental purpose of this research is to use the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model to disclose an MHD flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid through double discs. The results of a heat source and a magnetic field are therefore included in a system of PDEs that model the occurrences. These are transformed into an ODE system using similarity replacements. The first-order differential equations that emerge are then handled using the computational technique Bvp4c shooting scheme. The Bvp4c function in MATLAB is used to numerically solve the governing equations. The influence of the key important factors on velocity, temperature, nanoparticles concentration, and is illustrated visually. Furthermore, increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles improves thermal conduction, increasing the heat transfer rate at the top disc. The graph indicates that a slight increase in melting parameter rapidly declines the velocity distribution profile of nanofluid. The temperature profile was boosted due to the growing outcomes of the Prandtl number. The increasing variations of the thermal relaxation parameter decline the thermal distribution profile. Furthermore, for some exceptional instances, the obtained numerical answers were compared to previously disclosed data, yielding a satisfactory compromise. We believe that this discovery will have far-reaching ramifications in engineering, medicine, and the field of biomedical technology. Additionally, this model can be used to examine biological mechanisms, surgical techniques, nano-pharmacological drug delivery systems, and the therapy of diseases like cholesterol using nanotechnology.

Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Water and Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes-Water Based Maxwell Nanofluid Flow Over Stretchable Rotating Disks

Influence of thermal radiation and magnetic field on heat transfer and flow analysis of water-CNTs type nanofluid between two stretchable revolving disks with heat generation/absorption and convective boundary condition is numerically examined in this analysis. The most extensively validated Finite element technique is employed to solve the reduced non-linear ordinary differential equations together with boundary conditions. Velocity and temperature distributions are calculated and are displayed through graphs for various values of pertinent parameters entered into the problem. Furthermore, the values of rates of change of velocity and temperature are examined in detail and are portrayed in tabular form. The values of skin friction co-efficient at both upper and lower disks elevates in the boundary layer regime with rising values of Deborah number in both nanofluids and this augmentation is higher in MWCNTs-water than SWCNTs-water based Maxwell nanofluid. Temperature of the fluid in both nanofluids deteriorates as the values of nanoparticle volume fraction parameter upsurges and this deterioration in temperature distributions is higher in MWCNTs-water than the SWCNTs-water based Maxwell nanofluid.

Analytical Investigation of the Time-Dependent Stagnation Point Flow of a CNT Nanofluid over a Stretching Surface

The heat transfer ratio has an important role in industry and the engineering sector; the heat transfer ratios of CNT nanofluids are high compared to other nanofluids. This paper examines the analytical investigation of the time-dependent stagnation point flow of a CNT nanofluid over a stretching surface. For the investigation of the various physical restrictions, single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, MWCNTs) were used and compared. The defined similarity transformation was used, to reduce the given nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) to nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The model nonlinear ordinary differential equations were solved, with an approximate analytical (OHAM) optimal homotopy asymptotic method being used for the model problem. The impact of different parameters such as magnetic field parameter, unsteady parameter, dimensionless nanoparticles volume friction, Prandtl number, and Eckert number are interpreted using graphs, in the form of the velocity and temperature profile.

Theoretical analysis of SWCNT- MWCNT/H2O hybrid flow over an upward/downward moving rotating disk

The flow-through various disk movement has wide range of applications in manufacturing processes like, computer storage equipment’s, rotating machines, electronic and various types of medical equipment’s. Inspired from these applications, here we scrutinised the consequences of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions and uniform heat source/sink on the three-dimensional (3D) hybrid SWCNT-MWCNT’s flow on time dependent moving upward/downward rotating disk. The renowned innovation of this paper is the application of the hybrid nanofluid made up of SWCNT and MWCNT’s. Heat generation/absorption effect for the disk that does not move up or down creates a dual flow on the disk. Alternatively, the rotation and upright motion of the disk creates a 3D flow on the surface which has not been considered in the open literature. The modelled PDE’s are reduced in to ODE’s by opting suitable similarity variables and boundary constraints. Here, we used RKF-45 method to obtain the numerical approximations by adopting shooting technique. The analysis of rate of heat transfer is done through graphs. Further, change in velocity, thermal and concentration profiles for various non-dimensional parameters are deliberated briefly and illustrated with the help of suitable plots. The results reveal that, the, rise in values of homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction parameters improve the rate of reaction which results in reduction of the distribution rate and diminishes the concentration gradient. An increase in expansion/contraction parameter enhances the velocity and thermal gradients.

Dual Solutions Analysis of Melting Phenomenon with Mixed Convection in a Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer Past a Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

The 2-D MHD nanofluid with mixed convection above a stretching/shrinking plate has been investigated. Melting heat transfer near surface is contemplated. Consider the saline water as base fluid with containing single SWCNTs as well as MWCNTs. Suitable similarity variables are employed to transform the governing PDEs into ODEs. These transformed equations which are coupled, and of high nonlinearity, have been solved through applying the bvp4c solver. The consequences of the relevant parameters like, the MHD parameter, mixed convection parameter, melting parameter, volume fraction on the flow field along with the skin friction and heat transfer rate are displayed in graphical form. Results show that the thin layer thickness diminishes as magnetic parameter enhances and at the same time temperature increases with magnetic parameter. It is also demonstrated that the melting parameter leads to a reduction in the thin layer thickness as well as dimensionless temperature. Obtain dual solutions for flow fields which delineates to identify the stable solution.

Numerical Analysis of Carbon Nanotube-Based Nanofluid Unsteady Flow Amid Two Rotating Disks with Hall Current Coatings and Homogeneous–Heterogeneous Reactions

In the present exploration, our objective is to investigate the importance of Hall current coatings in the establishment of Cattaneo–Christov (CC) heat flux model in an unsteady aqueous-based nanofluid flow comprising single (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) amid two parallel rotating stretchable disks. The novelty of the presented model is strengthened with the presence of homogeneous-heterogeneous (HH) reactions and thermal stratification effects. The numerical solution of the system of coupled differential equations with high nonlinearity is obtained by applying the bvp4c function of MATLAB software. To corroborate the authenticity of the present envisioned mathematical model, a comparison table is added to this study in limiting case. An excellent harmony between the two results is obtained. Effects of numerous parameters on involved distributions are displayed graphically and are argued logically in the light of physical laws. Numerical values of coefficient of drag force and Nusselt number are also tabulated for different parameters. It is observed that tangential velocity (function of rotation parameter) is increasing for both CNTs. Further, the incremental values of thermal stratification parameter cause the decrease in fluid temperature parameter.

The impact of the Marangoni convection and magnetic field versus blood-based carbon nanotube nanofluids

The mutual result of the magnetic field and Marangoni convection against the thin liquid film of Casson fluid, blood-based carbon nanotube nanofluid has been fruitfully discussed in this article. The influence of various model constraints is focused on velocity, heat transfer, pressure distribution, skin friction and Nusselt number through graphical illustration. In addition, we witness that the thermal field of liquid raises with the growing value of [Formula: see text] and this upsurge is more in single-walled carbon nanotubes and is more dominant than multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The controlling approach of the homotopy analysis method has been used for velocity and temperature distribution. For authentication, the achieved results have been associated with the numerical (ND-Solve) method and displayed. This investigation shows that the velocity profile in the case of Casson fluid single-walled carbon nanotube–blood nanofluid is comparatively less affected and the temperature field of single-walled carbon nanotube–blood nanofluid dominates multi-walled carbon nanotube–blood nanofluid.

Hall and Ion-Slip Effect on CNTS Nanofluid over a Porous Extending Surface through Heat Generation and Absorption

In this research work, a 3D rotating flow of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) over a porous stretchable sheet for heat and mass transfer is investigated. Kerosene oil is considered as a base liquid and two types of CNTs, (Single & Multi) WCNTs are added as the additives to the base liquid. The present analysis further comprises the combined effect of the Hall, ion-slip, and thermal radiation, along with heat generation/absorption. The appropriate ordinary differential system of equations after applying appropriate transformation is calculated. The resulting nonlinear system of equations (conservation of mass, momentum, temperature) is explained by HAM (Homotopy Analysis Method). Solution of velocities and thermal fields are obtained and discussed graphically. Expression of Cf and Nu are intended for both type of nanoliquids. The influences of prominent physical factors are plotted for velocities and thermal profiles using Methematica. These graphical results are qualitatively in excellent agreement with the previous published results. Also, single wall nanoparticles are found to have higher temperatures than multi wall CNTs nanoparticles.

Numerical Analysis of Boundary Layer Flow Adjacent to a Thin Needle in Nanofluid with the Presence of Heat Source and Chemical Reaction

The steady boundary layer flow of a nanofluid past a thin needle under the influences of heat generation and chemical reaction is analyzed in the present work. The mathematical model has been formulated by using Buongiornos’s nanofluid model which incorporates the effect of the Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion. The governing coupled partial differential equations are transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using appropriate similarity transformations. These equations are then computed numerically through MATLAB software using the implemented package called bvp4c. The influences of various parameters such as Brownian motion, thermophoresis, velocity ratio, needle thickness, heat generation and chemical reaction parameters on the flow, heat and mass characteristics are investigated. The physical characteristics which include the skin friction, heat and mass transfers, velocity, temperature and concentration are further elaborated with the variation of governing parameters and presented through graphs. It is observed that the multiple (dual) solutions are likely to exist when the needle moves against the direction of the fluid flow. It is also noticed that the reduction in needle thickness contributes to the enlargement of the region of the dual solutions. The determination of the stable solution has been done using a stability analysis. The results indicate that the upper branch solutions are linearly stable, while the lower branch solutions are linearly unstable. The study also revealed that the rate of heat transfer is a decreasing function of heat generation parameter, while the rate of mass transfer is an increasing function of heat generation and chemical reaction parameters.

Impact of Activation Energy in Nonlinear Mixed Convective Chemically Reactive Flow of Third Grade Nanomaterial by a Rotating Disk

Here impact of activation energy in binary chemically reactive flow of third grade fluid is addressed. Flow is discussed by a stretchable rotating disk. Novel characteristics regarding thermophoresis and Brownian movement have been analyzed. Nonlinear thermal radiation is considered. Convergent series solutions to nonlinear problems are computed. Impacts of various physical parameters like Brownian motion parameter, Prandtl number, mixed convection parameter, thermophoresis parameter, radiation parameter, activation energy, chemical reaction and Schmidt number on the velocity, concentration and thermal fields are discussed and analyzed. Velocity, temperature and concentration gradients are computed and discussed through various flow variables. Their obtained results present that velocity, temperature, concentration fields are strongly depends on the flow parameters. Main conclusions are presented.