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Tang Z, Meng X, Han Y, Chen M, Gao P, Zhang Y. Hydration and properties of hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation iron ore tailings as supplementary cementitious material. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120594. [PMID: 38503229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Almost all iron ore tailings (IOTs) required activation prior to use as SCMs, which limited their application in building materials. This study investigated HMPT-IOTs and discovered that they possess latent hydraulic and pozzolanic properties. In order to better utilize as SCM, mechanical properties, hydration reactions, hydration products, microstructure, and pores were comprehensively studied through mechanical tests, hydration heat tests, XRD, SEM, TG, and MIP. The results show that when HMPT-IOTs replace cement at 10 wt%, 20 wt% and 30 wt%, the compressive strength at 28 days is 41.9 MPa, 47.9 MPa and 37.5 MPa, respectively. When the substitution amount reaches 30 wt%, it will reduce the cumulative heat of hydration and promote early hydration reactions. The main hydration products are ettringite and Ca(OH)2. As the nucleation site of C-S-H, hydration products are interconnected, making the microstructure denser. At this substitution level, Ca(OH)2 consumption was about 2% at 28 days of age. Simultaneously, the total pore volume was only 0.01 mL/g greater than that of the control group, and the number of micropores and transition pores decreased by approximately 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Tang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiangheng Meng
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Yuexin Han
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Institute for Frontier Technologies of Low-Carbon Steelmaking, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B3X5, Canada
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Li Y, Li S, Pan X, Zhao X, Guo P. Eco-friendly strategy for preparation of high-purity silica from high-silica IOTs using S-HGMS coupling with ultrasound-assisted fluorine-free acid leaching technology. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117932. [PMID: 37058924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron ore tailings (IOTs), a typical hazardous solid waste, seriously threaten human health and the ecological environment. However, the abundance of quartz, particularly in high-silica IOTs, renders them useful. Yet, state-of-the-art technologies have rarely reported the preparation of high-purity silica from high-silicon IOTs. Thus, this study proposed an eco-friendly technology for producing high-purity silica from high-silica IOTs through the coupling of superconducting high gradient magnetic separation (S-HGMS) preconcentration with leaching followed by the use of ultrasound-assisted fluorine-free acid solution. Following an analysis of the separation index and chemical composition, the optimum conditions for the quartz preconcentration were determined as a magnetic flow ratio of 0.068 T s/m, a slurry flow velocity of 500 mL/min, and a pulp concentration of 40 g/L. Consequently, the SiO2 grade increased from 69.32% in the raw sample to 93.12% in quartz concentrate following the application of S-HGMS, with the recovery reaching 45.24%. X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and scanning electron microscope analyses indicated that quartz was effectively preconcentrated from the tailings by S-HGMS. Subsequently, employing the "ultrasound-assisted fluorine-free acid leaching process," impurity elements were removed and high-purity silica was produced. Under optimal leaching conditions, the SiO2 purity of silica sand increased to 97.42%. Following a three-stage acid leaching process with 4 mol/LHCl +2 mol/LH2C2O4, the removal efficiency of Al, Ca, Fe, and Mg exceeded 97% for all cases, and the SiO2 purity in high-purity silica reached 99.93%. Thus, this study proposes a new strategy for the preparation of high-purity quartz from IOTs, which facilitated the effective realization of the high-value utility of the tailings. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical basis for the industrial application of IOTs, which is of great scientific significance and practical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkui Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suqin Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Penghui Guo
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Cheng S, Han Y, Tang Z, Li W. Producing magnetite concentrate from iron tailings via suspension magnetization roasting: A pilot-scale study. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2189055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaokai Cheng
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
- National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient exploitation technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuexin Han
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
- National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient exploitation technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhidong Tang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, PR China
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Soni RK, Chinthapudi E, Tripathy SK, Bose M, Goswami PS. Review on the chemical reduction modelling of hematite iron ore to magnetite in fluidized bed reactor. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Steel production is considered as one of the major backbones of many economies. Though blast furnace is the primary route of steel production, the industries are willing to alternatives technologies such as the high temperature-controlled conversion of hematite to magnetite. The geological and mineralogical characteristics of the low-grade iron ores possess difficulties in their conventional enrichment. The literature concludes the advantages of high-temperature conversion in terms of easiness in downstream operations caused by decreased hardness and increased magnetic susceptibility of magnetite. The modelling work has been primarily focused on the direct reduction of iron ore to metallic iron. The present compilation discusses the scientific and engineering developments on the reduction-roasting of iron-ore followed by the CFD–DEM modelling and simulation work performed to reduce iron ore to magnetite. It provides a comprehensive review of the experimental and industrial progress done in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K. Soni
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology , Bhubaneswar , India
| | | | | | - Manaswita Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai , India
| | - Partha S. Goswami
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai , India
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Whether magnetization roasting requires complete phase reconstruction of iron minerals: A study of phase transition and microstructure evolution. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Deng J, Ning XA, Shen J, Ou W, Chen J, Qiu G, Wang Y, He Y. Biomass waste as a clean reductant for iron recovery of iron tailings by magnetization roasting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115435. [PMID: 35751253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The magnetization roasting with coal as primary reductants adds cost and causes environmental pollution. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the biomass application as a reductant for magnetization roasting to recover iron from low-utilization iron tailings for emission mitigation and green utilization. This study systematically investigated the impact of biomass (pyrolysis gas from agricultural and forestry waste) as a reductant on the conversion of iron tailings to magnetite in magnetization roasting. Additionally, the thermal decomposition of biomass, phase transformation and microstructure evolution of iron tailings were analyzed by TG, XRD, BET, and other methods to elucidate the conversion mechanism for facilitating magnetized hematite in iron tailings with biomass-derived gas. The results showed that woody biomass was a more appropriate reductant for magnetization roasting; 650 °C was the optimal temperature for the complete transformation of hematite to magnetite by reduction roasting with biomass waste. Through magnetic separation, the concentrate with an iron grade of 62.04% and iron recovery of 95.29% was obtained, and the saturation magnetization was enhanced from 0.60 emu/g to 58.03 emu/g of iron tailings. During the magnetization roasting, CO and H2 generated from biomass reduced the hematite in tailings particles from interior to exterior, forming a loose structure with rich microfissures, facilitating the subsequent separation operations. This study offers a novel reference for applying biomass to exploit hematite minerals and shows the potential of biomass for energy savings and emission reduction in the utilization of iron tailing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xun-An Ning
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Junhua Shen
- Shaoguan Pengrui Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, 512625, China
| | - Weixuan Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoqiang Qiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Yuan S, Ding H, Wang R, Zhang Q, Li Y, Gao P. The mechanism of suspension reduction on Fe enrichment with low-grade carbonate-containing iron ore. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Recovering Iron Concentrate from Low-Grade Siderite Tailings Based on the Process Mineralogy Characteristics. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12060676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Refractory iron ore is often discarded as tailings. This causes a great waste of iron resources. In this paper, the flash roasting-magnetic separation process was designed by combining the magnetic separation process of magnetite and the process mineralogy of iron tailings. The flash suspension roasting effects with 3–4 s roasting time were evaluated by magnetic separation. The MLA results show that the tailings are ground to a fineness of P90 −75 μm, where the distribution of siderite and M/H in the −75 μm particle size is 85.37% and 92.75%, respectively. Moreover, M/H and siderite are mainly associated with muscovite and quartz. This indicates that regrinding for contiguous bodies of M/H and siderite is beneficial for improving the grade and recovery of iron concentrates. The results of the flash roasting-magnetic separation process show that a mixed iron concentrate containing 60.10% Fe with an iron recovery of 81.13% would be achieved after selective grinding and staged magnetic separation of the roasted ore. The result indicates that the flash suspension roasting effects with 3–4 s roasting time are achievable. The study provides an efficient approach for recovering refractory iron from tailings.
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Magnetic Properties and Washability of Roasted Suspended Siderite Ores. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103582. [PMID: 35629607 PMCID: PMC9142997 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Steel is one of the most important industrial materials, which mainly comes from the smelting of iron ore. In view of the huge steel consumption every year, the exploitation of vast reserves of siderite ores is significant for improving the self-sufficiency rate of iron ore resources and ensuring the strategic security of the iron and steel industries. This paper investigated the influence of temperature, time, and other parameters on the magnetic properties of roasted siderite ores using the method of suspended roasting and analyzed the washability of roasted ores under weak-magnetic-field conditions using the magnetic separation tube experiment. The findings of the study explained the iron phase transformation process, i.e., FeCO3 was transformed into Fe3O4 by suspension magnetization roasting. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization of the roasted ore increased in due time at a constant temperature range of 550–750 °C and a roasting time of less than 5 s. It also increased with increasing temperature and constant time. The roasted ore achieved the best magnetic characteristics after roasting at 750 °C for 5 s. After low-intensity magnetic separation, the iron grade of the concentrate changed to 55.12%, with a recovery rate of 90.34%. The study results provide a reference for the development and application of siderite suspension magnetization roasting technology.
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10
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Extraction and phase transformation of iron in fine-grained complex hematite ore by suspension magnetizing roasting and magnetic separation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Mechanism of Rake Frame Shear Drainage during Gravity Dewatering of Ultrafine Unclassified Tailings for Paste Preparation. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To study the mechanism of reverse percolation and drainage of unclassified tailings, improve the disposal concentration of tailings and solve the bottleneck in the development of filling technology, this study performed semi-industrial flocculation and sedimentation tests using macroscopic continuous thickener tests and a self-developed continuous thickener test platform to observe the evolution pattern and formation mechanism of unclassified tailings flocs. Then, in situ sampling was performed on the compressed thickener zone of tailings at the bottom of the bed with the help of industrial CT scanning tests and 3D images. Avizo software was used to establish the seepage channels and construct an evolutionary model to analyze the effect of tailings dewatering and concentration on tailings concentration from a microscopic perspective. The study shows that the distribution of seepage channels is closely related to the height of the bed. As the bed height increases, the bed concentration increases; shear has a significant effect on the water flow inside the pore space. After shear, the water between the sample pores has been discharged. Therefore, the flow rate is relatively slow. Shear produces pressure and tension effects, breaking the static equilibrium between flocs and water forming seepage channels. Shear can effectively break the floc structure and release the water so that the mutual position between flocs and water constantly changes, The concentration of the tailings bed is increased.
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Suspension magnetization roasting on waste ferromanganese ore: A semi-industrial test for efficient recycling of value minerals. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Comparing strategies for iron enrichment from Zn- and Pb-bearing refractory iron ore using reduction roasting-magnetic separation. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yuan S, Zhang Q, Yin H, Li Y. Efficient iron recovery from iron tailings using advanced suspension reduction technology: A study of reaction kinetics, phase transformation, and structure evolution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124067. [PMID: 33086183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recycling iron tailings is significant for environmental security and resource recovery, as they contain iron-rich minerals. Given the complex composition of iron minerals and the low grade of iron present in the tailings, innovative suspension roasting-magnetic separation (SRMS) technology was proposed to treat iron tailings that would separate out the iron minerals for recovery. In this study, the reduction kinetics, phase transformation, and structure evolution of the iron tailings were investigated to explain the mechanism behind magnetite production from iron tailings. These studies were conducted using chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that high temperatures during the suspension reduction process were conducive to improving the reduction rate of the iron tailings. The best kinetics model for this reduction reaction of iron tailings is the P1 model, which demonstrated a linear increase in the conversion degree with the extension of the reaction time. The corresponding mechanism function was f(α) = 1, the apparent activation energy (Eα) was 51.56 kJ/mol, and the kinetics equation was k = 3.14exp(- 51.56/RT). Using the SRMS technology, magnetite gradually formed from hematite, starting at the outer particle layers and moving inward toward the core. The microcracks and pores in the surface of the particles increased, which promoted CO penetration into the particles where it reacted with the hematite. Our results provide important insight into the efficient and clean recycling of iron tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100160, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100160, PR China.
| | - Heng Yin
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100160, PR China
| | - Yanjun Li
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100160, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang 110819, PR China
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High-efficiency extraction of iron from early iron tailings via the suspension roasting-magnetic separation. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yuan S, Zhou W, Han Y, Li Y. An innovative technology for full component recovery of iron and manganese from low grade iron-bearing manganese ore. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Yuan S, Zhou W, Han Y, Li Y. Individual enrichment of manganese and iron from complex refractory ferromanganese ore by suspension magnetization roasting and magnetic separation. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yuan S, Xiao H, Yu T, Li Y, Gao P. Enhanced removal of iron minerals from high-iron bauxite with advanced roasting technology for enrichment of aluminum. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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