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Phaboutdy E, Ward M. Investigation of landscape risk factors for the recent spread of varroa mite ( Varroa destructor) in European honeybee ( Apis mellifera) colonies in New South Wales, Australia. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2024; 19. [PMID: 38962991 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2024.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In June 2022, an exotic pest of the European honeybee (Apis mellifera), the varroa mite (Varroa destructor), was detected in surveillance hives at the Port of Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW). Previously, Australia remained the only continent free of the varroa mite. In September 2023, the National Management Group decided to shift the focus of the response from eradication to management. It is estimated that the establishment of varroa mite in Australia could lead to more than $70 million in losses each year due to greatly reduced pollination services. Currently, there are no reported studies on the epidemiology of varroa mite in NSW because it is such a recent outbreak, and there is little knowledge of the factors associated with the presence of V. destructor in the Australian context. We sourced publicly available varroa mite outbreak reports from June 22 to December 19, 2022, to determine if urbanization, land use, and distance from the incursion site are associated with the detection of varroa mite infestation in European honeybee colonies in NSW. The outcome investigated was epidemic day, relative to the first detected premises (June 22, 2022). The study population was comprised of 107 premises, which were declared varroa-infested. The median epidemic day was day 37 (July 29, 2022), and a bimodal distribution was observed from the epidemic curve, which was reflective of an intermittent source pattern of spread. We found that premises were detected to be infected with varroa mite earlier in urban areas [median epidemic day 25 (July 17, 2022)] compared to rural areas [median epidemic day 37.5 (July 29, 2022)]. Infected premises located in areas without cropping, forests, and irrigation were detected earlier in the outbreak [median epidemic days 23.5 (July 15, 2022), 30 (July 22, 2022), and 15 (July 7, 2022), respectively] compared to areas with cropping, forests, and irrigation [median epidemic days 50 (August 11, 2022), 43 (August 4, 2022), and 47 (August 8, 2022), respectively]. We also found that distance from the incursion site was not significantly correlated with epidemic day. Urbanization and land use are potential factors for the recent spread of varroa mite in European honeybee colonies in NSW. This knowledge is essential to managing the current varroa mite outbreak and preventing future mass varroa mite spread events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Ward
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney.
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Hazam S, Touati S, Touati L, Saher L, Khedidji H, Ait Kaki S, Chemat S. Promising Algerian essential oils as natural acaricides against the honey bee mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024; 92:87-107. [PMID: 38015279 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Varroosis induced by Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman represents the most pathogenic and destructive disease affecting the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. In this study, we investigated the acaricidal activity against the Varroa mite using essential oils (EOs) from the aerial parts of four autochthonous Algerian herbal species, namely Artemisia herba alba, Artemisia campestris, Artemisia judaica and Ruta montana. EOs were obtained by means of hydrodistillation and their composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The toxicity of the selected EOs toward V. destructor and A. mellifera adult honey bees was evaluated using the complete exposure method. The results indicate the predominance of davanone (66.9%) in A. herba alba, β-pinene (19.5%) in A. campestris, piperitone (68.7%) in A. judaica and 2-undecanone (70.1%) in R. montana EOs. Interestingly, the LC50 values coupled to bee mortality rates revealed that all tested oils exhibited significant acaricidal efficiency with selectivity ratio (SR) values of 10.77, 8.78, 5.62 and 3.73 for A. campestris, A. judaica, A. herba alba, and R. montana, respectively. These values were better than that of thymol (SR = 3.65), the positive control. These findings suggest that these EOs could be used as plant-derived veterinary acaricides to control varroosis in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Hazam
- Laboratory of Valorization and Conservation of Biological Resources (VALCOR), Faculty of Sciences, University of M'hamed Bougara, Boumerdes, Algeria.
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), Zone Industrielle de Bousmail, PB 384, Tipaza, 42004, Algeria.
| | - Salem Touati
- Multipurpose Agricultural Cooperative of Tizi-Ouzou (CAPTO), Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Lounis Touati
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), Zone Industrielle de Bousmail, PB 384, Tipaza, 42004, Algeria
| | - Liza Saher
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), Zone Industrielle de Bousmail, PB 384, Tipaza, 42004, Algeria
| | - Hassiba Khedidji
- Laboratory of Valorization and Conservation of Biological Resources (VALCOR), Faculty of Sciences, University of M'hamed Bougara, Boumerdes, Algeria
| | - Sabrina Ait Kaki
- Laboratory of Valorization and Conservation of Biological Resources (VALCOR), Faculty of Sciences, University of M'hamed Bougara, Boumerdes, Algeria
| | - Smain Chemat
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), Zone Industrielle de Bousmail, PB 384, Tipaza, 42004, Algeria
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Ocaña-Cabrera JS, Liria J, Vizuete K, Cholota-Iza C, Espinoza-Zurita F, Saegerman C, Martin-Solano S, Debut A, Ron-Román J. Pollen preferences of stingless bees in the Amazon region and southern highlands of Ecuador by scanning electron microscopy and morphometry. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272580. [PMID: 36126058 PMCID: PMC9488792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stingless bees are effective pollinators of native tropical flora. Their environmental service maintains flow of pollen through pollination, increase reproductive success and influence genetic structure in plants. The management of stingless bees “meliponiculture”, is an activity limited to the countryside in Ecuador. The lack of knowledge of their managers about pollen resources can affect the correct maintenance/production of nests. The objective is to identify botanical families and genera of pollen grains collected by stingless bees by morphological features and differentiate potential species using geometric morphometry. Thirty-six pot pollen samples were collected from three Ecuadorian provinces located in two climatically different zones. Pollen type identification was based on the Number, Position, Character system. Using morphological features, the families and genera were established. Morphometry landmarks were used to show variation for species differentiation. Abundance, diversity, similarity and dominance indices were established by counting pollen grains, as well as spatial distribution relationships by means of Poisson regression. Forty-six pollen types were determined in two study areas, classified into 27 families and 18 genera. In addition, it was possible to identify more than one species, classified within the same family and genus, thanks to morphometric analysis. 1148 ± 799 (max 4211; min 29) pollen grains were counting in average. The diversity showed a high richness, low dominance and similarity between pollen resources. Families Melastomataceae and Asteraceae, genera Miconia and Bidens, were found as the main pollen resources. The stingless bee of this study are mostly generalist as shown the interaction network. The results of the present survey showed that stingless bees do not collect pollen from a single species, although there is evidence of a predilection for certain plant families. The diversity indexes showed high richness but low uniformity in the abundance of each family identified. The results of the study are also meaningful to the meliponiculture sector as there is a need to improve management practices to preserve the biodiversity and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseline Sofía Ocaña-Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR- ULg), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Department of Infections and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Province of Liège, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Liria
- Grupo de Investigación en Población y Ambiente, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Karla Vizuete
- Laboratorio de Caracterización de Nanomateriales, Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Cholota-Iza
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Fernando Espinoza-Zurita
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR- ULg), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Department of Infections and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Province of Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Sarah Martin-Solano
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Alexis Debut
- Laboratorio de Caracterización de Nanomateriales, Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Ron-Román
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería Agropecuaria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
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El Agrebi N, Steinhauer N, Tosi S, Leinartz L, de Graaf DC, Saegerman C. Risk and protective indicators of beekeeping management practices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149381. [PMID: 34358747 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Explaining the reasons for the high honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony loss rate in recent years has become a top global research priority in apicultural and agricultural sciences. Although there are indications of the role played by beekeeping management practices on honey bee health, very little information is currently available. Our study aimed to characterize the beekeeping management practices carried out in Belgium, and to determine the relationship between beekeeping management practices and colony losses. Variables obtained from face-to-face questioning of a representative randomized and stratified sample of Belgian beekeepers (n = 186) were integrated into a logistic regression model (univariate and multivariate) and correlated to the declared colony loss rates to identify risk and protective indicators. We used a classification tree analysis to validate the results. We present evidence of a relationship between poor beekeeping management practices and colony losses. The main factors protecting honey bee colonies are the aptitude of the beekeeper to change his management practices, the hive type, the equipment origin and hygiene, wintering in proper conditions (the use of divider boards, i.e. board blocks or space fillers off part of the hive body), the colony strength estimation before wintering, winter monitoring, and last but not least, appropriate integrated pest management. Proper estimation of the Varroa infestation level should be performed prior to treatment. The consequences of poor beekeeping practices on honey bee health can be addressed by proper training of beekeepers. An online tool was developed and published for beekeepers allowing them to evaluate the effect of their management practices on colony health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëmie El Agrebi
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 7A, B42, 4000 Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | - Nathalie Steinhauer
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Simone Tosi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Laurent Leinartz
- Teaching Support Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 5C-5D, B41, 4000 Liège, Sart-Tilman, Belgium
| | - Dirk C de Graaf
- Faculty of Sciences, Honeybee Valley, Ghent University (UGent), Krijgslaan 281 S33, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Entomology and Bee Pathology, Ghent University (UGent), Krijgslaan 281 S2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 7A, B42, 4000 Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium.
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Masaquiza D, Vargas J, Ortíz N, Salazar R, Curbelo L, Pérez A, Arenal A. Hygienic Behavior of Apis mellifera and Its Relationship with Varroa destructor Infestation and Honey Production in the Central Highlands of Ecuador. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12110966. [PMID: 34821767 PMCID: PMC8619998 DOI: 10.3390/insects12110966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is an insect that has a relevant role in natural and agricultural ecosystems due to its leading role in the pollination of crops that are part of humanity’s food chain. Even in the face of the modernization and the intensification of agriculture, the honey bee has maintained its economic importance due to the value generated by its products. At present, when attempting to improve the characteristics of bees, it is important to evaluate variables such as hygienic behavior, Varroa infestation rates, and honey production as a basis for improvement plans in search of increasing productive yields at altitudes 2600 m above sea level (m.a.s.l.). The strength of bees against parasites, and therefore the better development of their colonies, was determined, resulting in a healthy colony with an increase in honey production. The altitude and the hygienic behavior of bees in the central highlands showed an inverse relationship. There was no relationship between infestation rates and production; it is proposed that environmental factors do not modulate Varroa levels or honey production. Abstract The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among hygienic behavior (HB), Varroa destructor infestation, and honey production in the central highlands of Ecuador. Overall, 75 honey bee colonies were evaluated before, during, and after production at three altitude levels (2600–2800, 2801–3000, and >3000 m.a.s.l.). The hygienic behavior percentage of the colonies was determined by the pin-killing method, and the colonies were classified into three groups: high HB (>85%), mid HB (60.1–85%), and low HB (≤60%). Varroa infestation was diagnosed as well, and honey production was evaluated only during production. HB was high and heterogeneous, averaging 80% ± 9.7%. Its highest expression was observed at lower altitudes. The infestation degree was low (3.47% ± 1.56%), although the mite was detected in all colonies upon sampling. A negative correlation was observed between HB and Varroa infestation in the first sampling (−0.49 **), suggesting that the high- and mid-altitude HB colonies underwent the lowest infestation rates, regardless of sampling. The correlations between HB and production were significant (0.26 *), indicating a positive effect of HB on production, meaning that colonies with high HB obtained the highest honey production (25.08 ± 4.82 kg/hive). The HB of bees showed an inverse relationship with altitude and it tended to reduce the effect of Varroa infestation, favoring honey production and, thus, suggesting the feasibility of selecting colonies with high HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Masaquiza
- Sede Orellana, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca 220150, Ecuador; (J.V.); (N.O.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-983135089
| | - Junior Vargas
- Sede Orellana, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca 220150, Ecuador; (J.V.); (N.O.); (R.S.)
| | - Nelsón Ortíz
- Sede Orellana, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca 220150, Ecuador; (J.V.); (N.O.); (R.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Salazar
- Sede Orellana, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca 220150, Ecuador; (J.V.); (N.O.); (R.S.)
| | - Lino Curbelo
- Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo de la Producción Animal, Universidad de Camagüey “Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz”, Camagüey 74650, Camagüey, Cuba;
| | - Anisley Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Fructuoso Rodríguez Pérez, Universidad de la Habana, San José de las Lajas 32700, Mayabeque, Cuba;
| | - Amilcar Arenal
- Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Camagüey “Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz”, Camagüey 74650, Camagüey, Cuba;
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Thongsawang T, Rueangsom P, Boonyo K, Wongphruksasoong V, Suphanchaimat R. Situation Analysis of Varroosis and Tropilaelaps Infestation of Honeybees in Thailand, 2017-2018. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2021; 12:169-176. [PMID: 34164331 PMCID: PMC8214108 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s306658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim To explore the prevalence of Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps infestation in honeybees in Thailand and investigate factors associated with those diseases. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed during 2017–2018. We sampled 144 apiaries in 13 provinces from the surveillance database of the Department of Livestock Development. In total, 1,152 bee samples were collected. A microscopic exam was performed to assess if each sample was infested with Varroa destructor mites and tropilaelaps mites. A chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were conducted. Results The prevalence of Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps infestation at the apiary level was 50.69% and 32.64%, respectively. At the beehive level, we found that the prevalence of Varroa destructor infestation was 22.74% while that of Tropilaelaps infestation was 6.94%. The northern region saw the highest prevalence of Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps infestation. Apiaries that received a “Good Agricultural Practice” (GAP) certificate from the Bureau of Livestock Standards and Certification, demonstrated a 42% lower chance of contracting both parasitic infestations; however, no statistically significant difference was reported. Apiaries that had a history of chemical use showed approximately 2.7 times greater odds of Tropilaelaps infestation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–6.21) with statistical significance (p = 0.02). The probability of Varroa destructor infestation amongst apiaries with apiary movement was approximately 60% lower than amongst those without apiary movement (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.20–0.80, p = 0.01). Conclusion Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps infestations are a critical concern for beekeeping in Thailand. Apiary movement tended to lower the risk of Varroa destructor infestation while chemical use tended to enhance the risk of Tropilaelaps infestation. Further studies that allow a more comprehensive collection of determinants of parasitic infestation in honeybees, for instance, apiary cleaning frequency and farm environments (such as temperature and rainfall), are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawan Thongsawang
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Putthipanya Rueangsom
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Khemmapat Boonyo
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vilaiporn Wongphruksasoong
- Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rapeepong Suphanchaimat
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Tejerina MR, Benítez-Ahrendts MR, Audisio MC. Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob Reduces the Incidence of Varroa destructor and Nosema Spp. in Commercial Apiaries Located in the Northwest of Argentina. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:1360-1369. [PMID: 32172463 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob was administered to productive colonies belonging to commercial apiaries of small beekeepers (around 30-50 hives each one), from four departments of the province of Jujuy (Argentina): Yala, Tilquiza, El Carmen, and Los Alisos. The incidence of Varroa destructor and Nosema spp., before and after winter, was monitored during 2 years of study (2014-2015). Depending on the geographical location of each apiary and the application time, a monthly dose of the bacteria (105 CFU/mL) reduced the levels of varroasis between 50 and 80%. Interestingly, L. salivarius A3iob cells remitted the percentage of the mites to undetectable values in an apiary treated with flumethrin (at Yala, Yungas region).On the other hand, the spore levels of Nosema spp. in the lactobacilli-treated colonies also depended on the apiary and the year of application, but a significant decrease was mainly observed in the post-winter period. However, at Rivera (El Carmen's department), no significant changes were detected in both parameters.These results obtained after 2 years of work suggest that delivering L. salivarius A3iob cells to the bee colonies can become a new eco-friendly tool to cooperate with the control of these bees' pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Raúl Tejerina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Alberdi 47, 4600, Jujuy, Argentina
| | | | - Marcela Carina Audisio
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Av. Bolivia 5150, 4402FDC, Salta, Argentina.
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Honey Bee Health in Maine Wild Blueberry Production. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060523. [PMID: 34198744 PMCID: PMC8227623 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Wild blueberry is an important native North American crop that requires insect pollination. Migratory western honey bee colonies constitute the majority of commercial bees brought into Maine for pollination of wild blueberry. Currently, many stressors impact the western honey bee in the US. We designed a two-year monitoring study (2014 and 2015) to assess the potential health of honey bee colonies hired for pollination services in wild blueberry fields. We monitored the colony health of nine hive locations (three hives/location) in 2014 and nine locations (five hives/location) in 2015 during bloom (May–June). Queen health status, colony strength, rate of population increase, and pesticide residues on pollen, wax, and honey bee workers were measured. In addition, each hive was sampled to assess levels of mite parasites, viruses, and Microsporidian and Trypanosome pathogens. Different patterns in colony health were observed over the two years. Factors predicting colony growth rate over both years were Varroa mite infestation and risk due to pollen pesticide residues during bloom. In addition, recently discovered parasites and pathogens were already observed in most of the colonies suggesting that parasites and diseases spread rapidly and become established quickly in commercial honey bee colonies. Abstract A two-year study was conducted in Maine wild blueberry fields (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) on the health of migratory honey bee colonies in 2014 and 2015. In each year, three or five colonies were monitored at each of nine wild blueberry field locations during bloom (mid-May until mid-June). Colony health was measured by assessing colony strength during wild blueberry bloom. Potential factors that might affect colony health were queen failure or supersedure; pesticide residues on trapped pollen, wax comb, and bee bread; and parasites and pathogens. We found that Varroa mite and pesticide residues on trapped pollen were significant predictors of colony health measured as the rate of change in the amount of sealed brood during bloom. These two factors explained 71% of the variance in colony health over the two years. Pesticide exposure was different in each year as were pathogen prevalence and incidence. We detected high prevalence and abundance of two recently discovered pathogens and one recently discovered parasite, the trypanosome Lotmaria passim Schwartz, the Sinai virus, and the phorid fly, Apocephalus borealis Brues.
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Bee Health and Productivity in Apis mellifera, a Consequence of Multiple Factors. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8050076. [PMID: 34064359 PMCID: PMC8147805 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8050076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Managed honeybees play an important role as pollinators. The health and nutritional condition of honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) depends for an important part on management practices, and it is influenced by multiple factors. This study aims to identify the stressors that lead to the loss of honeybee health and its consequences on the colony's productivity. Different aspects related to management practices, productivity, clinical observations related to diseases, presence of sanitary gaps in the apiaries, colony strength, weather and infestation rates by Varroa sp. mites were measured. The information was collected during two monitoring in 53 apiaries in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina. The results show correlations among many of the management practices, health condition and yield. The most important factors affecting the productivity of the studied honeybee colonies were nuclei preparation, the number of combs in the brood chamber, change of bee queen, disinfection of beekeeping material, among other less significant ones. Although honey production is important in the region, the colony strength was deficient and inadequate during both monitoring. Due to its dependence on management by the beekeeper, it is suggested that a holistic approach could improve bee health, increasing the productivity of honeybees.
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El Agrebi N, Steinhauer N, Renault V, de Graaf DC, Saegerman C. Beekeepers perception of risks affecting colony loss: A pilot survey. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:579-590. [PMID: 33544964 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding amateur beekeepers' perception of risks affecting bee health and mortality is essential to analyse the reasons for adopting or rejecting good management practices. A perception survey on how beekeepers perceive and manage factors related to climate change, Varroa infestation, management practices, and pesticide exposure was designed and launched online. This unpreceded sociological survey involved 355 beekeepers spread all over Belgium. A two-sample t test with unequal variances comparing beekeepers with colony loss rates below or exceeding the acceptable level, that is <10% and ≥10%, indicates that beekeepers (N = 213) with colony loss rates <10% generally have greater average levels of perceived risks and the benefits of action that lead to increased motivation to act in better ways. The results of this survey highlight the importance of looking beyond socio-economic determinants in any risk mitigation strategy associated with bee mortality when dealing with amateur beekeepers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëmie El Agrebi
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | | | - Véronique Renault
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | - Dirk C de Graaf
- Faculty of Sciences, Honeybee Valley, Ghent University (UGent), Krijgslaan, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Entomology and Bee Pathology, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
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11
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Steinhauer N, vanEngelsdorp D, Saegerman C. Prioritizing changes in management practices associated with reduced winter honey bee colony losses for US beekeepers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141629. [PMID: 33207479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Beekeepers attempt to manage their honey bee colonies in ways that optimize colony health. Disentangling the impact of management from other variables affecting colony health is complicated by the diversity of practices used and difficulties handling typically complex and incomplete observational datasets. We propose a method to 1) compress multi-factored management data into a single index, to holistically investigate the real world impact of management on colony mortality, and 2) simplify said index to identify the core practices for which a change in behavior is associated with the greatest improvement in survivorship. Experts scored the practices of US beekeepers (n = 18,971) documented using four years of retrospective surveys (2012-2015). Management Index scores significantly correlated with loss rates, with beekeepers most in line with recommendations suffering lower losses. The highest ranked practices varied by operation type, as recommendations accounted for the current prevalence of practices. These results validate experts' opinion using empirical data, and can help prioritize extension messages. Improving management will not prevent all losses; however, we show that few behavioral changes (in particular related to comb management, sources of new colonies and Varroa management) can lead to a non-negligible reduction in risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Steinhauer
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | | | - Claude Saegerman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liège, Liege 4000, Belgium
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12
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Bartlett LJ, Boots M, Brosi BJ, de Roode JC, Delaplane KS, Hernandez CA, Wilfert L. Persistent effects of management history on honeybee colony virus abundances. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 179:107520. [PMID: 33359478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major threat to both managed and wild pollinators. One key question is how the movement or transplantation of honeybee colonies under different management regimes affects honeybee disease epidemiology. We opportunistically examined any persistent effect of colony management history following relocation by characterising the virus abundances of honeybee colonies from three management histories, representing different management histories: feral, low-intensity management, and high-intensity "industrial" management. The colonies had been maintained for one year under the same approximate 'common garden' condition. Colonies in this observational study differed in their virus abundances according to management history, with the feral population history showing qualitatively different viral abundance patterns compared to colonies from the two managed population management histories; for example, higher abundance of sacbrood virus but lower abundances of various paralysis viruses. Colonies from the high-intensity management history exhibited higher viral abundances for all viruses than colonies from the low-intensity management history. Our results provide evidence that management history has persistent impacts on honeybee disease epidemiology, suggesting that apicultural intensification could be majorly impacting on pollinator health, justifying much more substantial investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J Bartlett
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK; Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Michael Boots
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Berry J Brosi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Keith S Delaplane
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Catherine A Hernandez
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lena Wilfert
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK; Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm D-89069, Germany
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Bartlett LJ, Rozins C, Brosi BJ, Delaplane KS, de Roode JC, White A, Wilfert L, Boots M. Industrial bees: The impact of apicultural intensification on local disease prevalence. J Appl Ecol 2019; 56:2195-2205. [PMID: 31588148 PMCID: PMC6771535 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It is generally thought that the intensification of farming will result in higher disease prevalences, although there is little specific modelling testing this idea. Focussing on honeybees, we build multi-colony models to inform how "apicultural intensification" is predicted to impact honeybee pathogen epidemiology at the apiary scale.We used both agent-based and analytical models to show that three linked aspects of apicultural intensification (increased population sizes, changes in population network structure and increased between-colony transmission) are unlikely to greatly increase disease prevalence in apiaries. Principally this is because even low-intensity apiculture exhibits high disease prevalence.The greatest impacts of apicultural intensification are found for diseases with relatively low R0 (basic reproduction number), however, such diseases cause little overall disease prevalence and, therefore, the impacts of intensification are minor. Furthermore, the smallest impacts of intensification are for diseases with high R0 values, which we argue are typical of important honeybee diseases. Policy Implications: Our findings contradict the idea that apicultural intensification by crowding honeybee colonies in large, dense apiaries leads to notably higher disease prevalences for established honeybee pathogens. More broadly, our work demonstrates the need for informative models of all agricultural systems and management practices in order to understand the implications of management changes on diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J. Bartlett
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
- Department of BiologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgia
| | - Carly Rozins
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Berry J. Brosi
- Department of Environmental SciencesEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgia
| | | | | | - Andrew White
- Department of MathematicsHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
| | - Lena Wilfert
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation GenomicsUniversity of UlmUlmGermany
| | - Michael Boots
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
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Morawetz L, Köglberger H, Griesbacher A, Derakhshifar I, Crailsheim K, Brodschneider R, Moosbeckhofer R. Health status of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) and disease-related risk factors for colony losses in Austria. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219293. [PMID: 31287830 PMCID: PMC6615611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Austrian beekeepers frequently suffered severe colony losses during the last decade similar to trends all over Europe. This first surveillance study aimed to describe the health status of Austrian bee colonies and to analyze the reasons for losses for both the summer and winter season in Austria. In this study 189 apiaries all over Austria were selected using a stratified random sampling approach and inspected three times between July 2015 and spring 2016 by trained bee inspectors. The inspectors made interviews with the beekeepers about their beekeeping practice and the history of the involved colonies. They inspected a total of 1596 colonies for symptoms of nine bee pests and diseases (four of them notifiable diseases) and took bee samples for varroa mite infestation analysis. The most frequently detected diseases were three brood diseases: Varroosis, Chalkbrood and Sacbrood. The notifiable bee pests Aethina tumida and Tropilaelaps spp. were not detected. During the study period 10.8% of the 1596 observed colonies died. Winter proved to be the most critical season, in which 75% of the reported colony losses happened. Risks for suffering summer losses increased significantly, when colonies were weak in July, had queen problems or a high varroa mite infestation level on bees in July. Risks for suffering winter losses increased significantly, when the colonies had a high varroa mite infestation level on bees in September, were weak in September, had a queen older than one year or the beekeeper had few years of beekeeping experience. However, the effect of a high varroa mite infestation level in September had by far the greatest potential to raise the winter losses compared to the other significant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde Morawetz
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Hemma Köglberger
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Department for Statistics and Analytical Epidemiology, Division for Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Irmgard Derakhshifar
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Crailsheim
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | | | - Rudolf Moosbeckhofer
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Potential associations between the mite Varroa destructor and other stressors in honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) in temperate and subtropical climate from Argentina. Prev Vet Med 2018; 159:143-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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More S, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin-Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Nielsen SS, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Stegeman JA, Thulke HH, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Candiani D, Verdonck F, Beltrán-Beck B, Kohnle L, Bicout D. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): infestation with Varroa spp. (varroosis). EFSA J 2017; 15:e04997. [PMID: 32625294 PMCID: PMC7009930 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infestation with Varroa spp. (varroosis) has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of varroosis to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of varroosis according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to varroosis. The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, it is inconclusive whether varroosis can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL because there was no full consensus on the criterion 5 A(v). Consequently, the assessment on compliance of varroosis with the criteria as in Annex IV to the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in Article 9(1), and which animal species can be considered to be listed for varroosis according to Article 8(3) are also inconclusive.
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Environment or beekeeping management: What explains better the prevalence of honey bee colonies with high levels of Varroa destructor? Res Vet Sci 2017; 112:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Molineri A, Giacobino A, Pacini A, Bulacio Cagnolo N, Fondevila N, Ferrufino C, Merke J, Orellano E, Bertozzi E, Masciángelo G, Pietronave H, Signorini M. Risk factors for the presence of Deformed wing virus and Acute bee paralysis virus under temperate and subtropical climate in Argentinian bee colonies. Prev Vet Med 2017; 140:106-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Molineri AI, Pacini A, Giacobino A, Bulacio-Cagnolo N, Aignasse A, Zago L, Fondevila N, Ferrufino C, Merke J, Orellano E, Bertozzi E, Pietronave H, Signorini ML. Prevalence of honey bee (Apis mellifera) viruses in temperate and subtropical regions from Argentina. Rev Argent Microbiol 2017; 49:166-173. [PMID: 28449942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, bee virus studies are still incipient, and there are no studies regarding the climatic effect. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the presence of honeybee viruses in different climatic regions from Argentina. A total of 385 colonies distributed in five Argentinean eco-regions were examined to evaluate the percentage of infestation with Varroa destructor and the presence of seven virus species (Deformed wing virus, DWV; Acute bee paralysis virus, ABPV; Chronic bee paralysis virus, CBPV; Black queen cell virus, BQCV; Kashmer bee virus, KBV; Israeli acute bee paralysis virus, IAPV; and Sacbrood bee virus, SBV) after honey yield. Two viruses, KBV and IAPV, were not detected. The other five viruses were found in different prevalences: DWV (35%), ABPV (21.5%), BQCV (8.0%), CBPV (2.2%), and SBV (1.1%). We found double and triple viral associations in approximately 25% of the sampled colonies. The mean V. destructor infestation in the colonies prior to the acaricide treatment was 7.12%±8.7%. The knowledge of the prevalence of these viruses in the region and their relation with the mite and other possible influencing factors is important for preventing colony losses. Further studies are necessary to identify the risk factors associated with virus presence and its relationship with other pathogens such as V. destructor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Molineri
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adriana Pacini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Agostina Giacobino
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Andrea Aignasse
- Ministerio de la Producción de la Provincia de Formosa, Programa para el Desarrollo Apícola, Formosa, Argentina
| | - Luis Zago
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Resistencia, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
| | - Norberto Fondevila
- Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Los Reseros y Las Cabañas, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Ferrufino
- Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Los Reseros y Las Cabañas, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Merke
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Emanuel Orellano
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Bertozzi
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Hernán Pietronave
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcelo L Signorini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Giacobino A, Molineri A, Bulacio Cagnolo N, Merke J, Orellano E, Bertozzi E, Masciangelo G, Pietronave H, Pacini A, Salto C, Signorini M. Key management practices to prevent high infestation levels of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies at the beginning of the honey yield season. Prev Vet Med 2016; 131:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Giacobino A, Molineri AI, Pacini A, Fondevila N, Pietronave H, Rodríguez G, Palacio A, Bulacio Cagnolo N, Orellano E, Salto CE, Signorini ML, Merke J. Varroa destructor and viruses association in honey bee colonies under different climatic conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:407-412. [PMID: 27083139 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee colonies are threatened by multiple factors including complex interactions between environmental and diseases such as parasitic mites and viruses. We compared the presence of honeybee-pathogenic viruses and Varroa infestation rate in four apiaries: commercial colonies that received treatment against Varroa and non-treated colonies that did not received any treatment for the last 4 years located in temperate and subtropical climate. In addition, we evaluated the effect of climate and Varroa treatment on deformed wing virus (DWV) amounts. In both climates, DWV was the most prevalent virus, being the only present virus in subtropical colonies. Moreover, colonies from subtropical climate also showed reduced DWV amounts and lower Varroa infestation rates than colonies from temperate climate. Nevertheless, non-treated colonies in both climate conditions are able to survive several years. Environment appears as a key factor interacting with local bee populations and influencing colony survival beyond Varroa and virus presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostina Giacobino
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ana I Molineri
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adriana Pacini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Norberto Fondevila
- Instituto de Virología del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y de los Reseros s/n 1686, Hurlingham (Buenos Aires), Argentina
| | - Hernán Pietronave
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Reconquista, Ruta 11 Km 773, 3567, Reconquista (Santa Fe), Argentina
| | - Graciela Rodríguez
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Hilario Ascasubi, Ruta Nacional 3 Km 794, 8142, Hilario Ascasubi (Buenos Aires), Argentina
| | - Alejandra Palacio
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73,5, 7620, Balcarce (Buenos Aires), Argentina
| | - Natalia Bulacio Cagnolo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Emanuel Orellano
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - César E Salto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcelo L Signorini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Julieta Merke
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, Rafaela, 2300, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
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Lee K, Steinhauer N, Travis DA, Meixner MD, Deen J, vanEngelsdorp D. Honey bee surveillance: a tool for understanding and improving honey bee health. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 10:37-44. [PMID: 29588012 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee surveillance systems are increasingly used to characterize honey bee health and disease burdens of bees in different regions and/or over time. In addition to quantifying disease prevalence, surveillance systems can identify risk factors associated with colony morbidity and mortality. Surveillance systems are often observational, and prove particularly useful when searching for risk factors in real world complex systems. We review recent examples of surveillance systems with particular emphasis on how these efforts have helped increase our understanding of honey bee health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Lee
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Nathalie Steinhauer
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Dominic A Travis
- Ecosystem Health Division, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Marina D Meixner
- LLH Bee Institute Kirchhain, Erlenstr. 9, 35274 Kirchhain, Germany
| | - John Deen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA
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