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Bakran-Lebl K, Pree S, Brenner T, Daroglou E, Eigner B, Griesbacher A, Gunczy J, Hufnagl P, Jäger S, Jerrentrup H, Klocker L, Paill W, Petermann JS, Barogh BS, Schwerte T, Suchentrunk C, Wieser C, Wortha LN, Zechmeister T, Zezula D, Zimmermann K, Zittra C, Allerberger F, Fuehrer HP. First Nationwide Monitoring Program for the Detection of Potentially Invasive Mosquito Species in Austria. Insects 2022; 13:insects13030276. [PMID: 35323574 PMCID: PMC8949374 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary In the last years several alien mosquito species have been introduced into Austria. Those species pose a threat, as they—especially the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus)—can transmit many pathogens. The aim of this study is a nationwide overview on the situation of alien mosquitoes in Austria. Using traps representing ideal breeding sites for those mosquitoes, we collected, counted and identified the species of the mosquito eggs laid in the traps. The Asian tiger mosquito was found at two sites, once in Tyrol, where this species has been reported before, and for the first time in the province of Lower Austria. The Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus) was widespread and abundant in Austria. Although it was found in all provinces, the Asian bush mosquito was more often found in the South than the North and more eggs were collected in urban/industrial/transport areas than in (mostly) natural areas. Further, more eggs from the Asian bush mosquito were found in samples collected at higher daily mean temperatures, and fewer eggs in samples collected at higher daily maximum wind speeds. The results of this study will help to better understand the risk from alien mosquitoes to human health in Austria and will be useful to show future changes in the distribution of those species. Abstract In Austria, only fragmented information on the occurrence of alien and potentially invasive mosquito species exists. The aim of this study is a nationwide overview on the situation of those mosquitoes in Austria. Using a nationwide uniform protocol for the first time, mosquito eggs were sampled with ovitraps at 45 locations in Austria at weekly intervals from May to October 2020. The sampled eggs were counted and the species were identified by genetic analysis. The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus was found at two sites, once in Tyrol, where this species has been reported before, and for the first time in the province of Lower Austria, at a motorway rest stop. The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus was widespread in Austria. It was found in all provinces and was the most abundant species in the ovitraps by far. Aedes japonicus was more abundant in the South than in the North and more eggs were found in habitats with artificial surfaces than in (semi-) natural areas. Further, the number of Ae. japonicus eggs increased with higher ambient temperature and decreased with higher wind speed. The results of this study will contribute to a better estimation of the risk of mosquito-borne disease in Austria and will be a useful baseline for a future documentation of changes in the distribution of those species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Bakran-Lebl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, AGES—Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., 1096 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (F.A.)
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefanie Pree
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
| | - Thomas Brenner
- GEBL—Gelsenbekaempfung in den Leithaauen, 2452 Mannersdorf, Austria;
| | - Eleni Daroglou
- Verein Biologische Gelsenregulierung March-Thaya Auen, 2273 Hohenau an der March, Austria; (E.D.); (H.J.)
| | - Barbara Eigner
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, AGES—Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Johanna Gunczy
- Universalmuseum Joanneum, Studienzentrum Naturkunde, 8045 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Peter Hufnagl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, AGES—Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., 1096 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (F.A.)
| | - Stefanie Jäger
- Department of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Hans Jerrentrup
- Verein Biologische Gelsenregulierung March-Thaya Auen, 2273 Hohenau an der March, Austria; (E.D.); (H.J.)
| | | | - Wolfgang Paill
- Universalmuseum Joanneum, Studienzentrum Naturkunde, 8045 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Jana S. Petermann
- Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (J.S.P.); (D.Z.)
| | - Bita Shahi Barogh
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
| | - Thorsten Schwerte
- Department of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.J.); (T.S.)
| | | | | | - Licha N. Wortha
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
| | | | - David Zezula
- Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (J.S.P.); (D.Z.)
| | | | - Carina Zittra
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Franz Allerberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, AGES—Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., 1096 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (F.A.)
| | - Hans-Peter Fuehrer
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.P.); (B.E.); (B.S.B.); (L.N.W.); (H.-P.F.)
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Vlachou C, Griesbacher A, Fuchs K, Wolf J, Mihats D, Steinwider J, Hofstädter D. Probabilistic modelling techniques in dietary exposure assessment: application on the risk assessment of cadmium for Austrian adults. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1301-1315. [PMID: 34077339 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1921282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Probabilistic exposure and risk assessment of chemical hazards in the diet have increasingly gained ground in recent years as a pragmatic approach for the approximation of reality. This work presents the outcomes of a project which aimed at applying probabilistic techniques for basic modelling of chronic dietary exposure to food contaminants following EFSA guidance. These techniques, based on Monte Carlo Risk Assessment (MCRA) software and on the programming language R, were employed for the risk assessment of cadmium for Austrian adults, enabling the validation and the critical comparison of the two approaches. Harmonisation and optimisation of procedures, refinement of exposure assessment skills and confidence in the results were the main benefits. Data amount and validity were identified as critical parameters, influencing the precision of the results. Cadmium was selected as a case study due to its toxicological properties, its ubiquitous presence in food and the availability of Austrian occurrence data. Similar exposure and risk estimates were generated through MCRA and R in alternative optimistic and pessimistic exposure scenarios, suggesting low levels of concern, except for vegetarians, whose upper tail exposures are close to the established Tolerable Weekly Intake. However, as occurrence data gaps have been identified as the major element of uncertainty, the estimated exposure and risk levels are characterised as underestimated. Grains and grain-based products, potatoes and leafy vegetables are the main contributors to the intake. The results will contribute to risk management and to a future refinement of the assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Vlachou
- General Chemical State Laboratory, Chemical Service of Central Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Graz, Austria
| | - Klemens Fuchs
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Graz, Austria
| | - Josef Wolf
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Mihats
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Steinwider
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Hofstädter
- Division Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
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Griesbacher A, Schließnig H, Weber S, Fuchs K. Antimicrobial use in poultry flocks in Austria between 2013 and 2019. Vet Rec 2021; 189:e508. [PMID: 34057214 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobials-often selected for a high level of antimicrobial uses (AMUs) in human beings or food-producing animals-is a global concern. The Austrian Poultry Health Service (QGV) has established a database containing comprehensive information on poultry flocks in Austria. METHODS AMU in 32,411 broiler flocks and 2946 turkey flocks between 2013 and 2019 is analysed by calculating different metrics, including the treatment incidence TI1000 . Furthermore, the Austrian benchmarking system for poultry is introduced. RESULTS Annual AMU in broilers decreased from 1030.8 kg of active ingredient to 762.5 kg between 2013 and 2016 but rose again to 1165.0 kg in 2019; while for turkeys annual AMU dropped from 1196.4 kg to 569.0 kg between 2013 and 2019. At the same time, the proportion of treated flocks decreased from 34.2% to 24.8% for broilers and from 54.3% to 44.0% for turkeys. In both broilers and turkeys, the most frequently used antimicrobial class, according to the TI1000 unit, in broilers and turkeys is polymyxins. CONCLUSION Calculating different metrics enables a deeper insight into AMU. Total AMU reduced without legislation but the increase of AMU in broiler production needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Griesbacher
- Department Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Weber
- QGV - Austrian Poultry Health Service, Tulln, Austria
| | - Klemens Fuchs
- Department Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Graz, Austria
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Vejdovszky K, Mihats D, Griesbacher A, Wolf J, Steinwider J, Lueckl J, Jank B, Kopacka I, Rauscher-Gabernig E. A tiered approach to cumulative risk assessment for reproductive and developmental toxicity of food contaminants for the austrian population using the modified Reference Point Index (mRPI). Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111861. [PMID: 33220394 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Through our daily diet, we are exposed to a variety of food contaminants. Yet, assessing the cumulative health risk of chemical mixtures remains a challenge. Using a recently developed method, the modified Reference Point Index (mRPI), the cumulative risks posed by contaminant mixtures were assessed for their effects on reproduction and development. Since these effects can be quite diverse, a tiered approach was adopted to elucidate the risks at a more detailed level based on specific toxicological endpoints. An additional analysis was performed using the modified Maximum Cumulative Ratio (mMCR), which provides the determination of risk-dominating substances in the mixture. Our method represents a novel useful tool to screen and prioritise contaminant mixtures regarding their potential health risks. We found, that in the majority of the calculated scenarios a single substance dominates the cumulative risks. Lead was found to be the primary factor for adverse effects on reproduction and neuronal development of children. Perchlorate was identified as the most prominent risk factor for child development in generalCumulative risks of trichothecenes were dominated by deoxynivalenol. Concerning the impact on pre- and neonatal development, the co-exposure of several substances resulted in increased risks, with none of the considered contaminants dominating substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Vejdovszky
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniela Mihats
- Department of Data Management, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiolog, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Josef Wolf
- Department of Data Management, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johann Steinwider
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johannes Lueckl
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiolog, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Jank
- Department of Food Safety and Consumer Protection, Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection, Radetzkystraße 2, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ian Kopacka
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiolog, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Elke Rauscher-Gabernig
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
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Vlachou C, Hofstädter D, Rauscher - Gabernig E, Griesbacher A, Fuchs K, König J. Risk assessment of nitrites for the Austrian adult population with probabilistic modelling of the dietary exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 143:111480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vejdovszky K, Mihats D, Griesbacher A, Wolf J, Steinwider J, Lueckl J, Jank B, Kopacka I, Rauscher-Gabernig E. Modified Reference Point Index (mRPI) and a decision tree for deriving uncertainty factors: A practical approach to cumulative risk assessment of food contaminant mixtures. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110812. [PMID: 31505235 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Risk assessment of chemical mixtures remains a challenging task in all areas of food and consumer safety. So far, no general method has been developed that is best suited to several subject areas (e.g. food contaminants, additives and supplements, plant protection products). Especially for mixtures of food contaminants sophisticated methods are typically not applicable due to a general lack of complete toxicological data sets. We developed a new approach, the modified Reference Point Index (mRPI), that combines the advantages of the Hazard Index and the Reference Point Index. Furthermore, we developed a decision tree for the determination of specific uncertainty factors that makes the mRPI an easy to use method for cumulative risk assessment even in a data poor field such as food contaminants. To further characterise the estimated cumulative risks, the Maximum Cumulative Ratio (MCR) was adapted to be applied on the mRPI, and the modified Maximum Cumulative Ratio (mMCR) was established to identify whether the risks are dominated by a single substance. We present two case studies assessing the nephrotoxic and neurotoxic risks for the Austrian population originating from food contaminant mixtures. Calculations could not rule out potential cumulative risks, yet, they seemed to be dominated by single substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Vejdovszky
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniela Mihats
- Department of Data Management, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiology, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Josef Wolf
- Department of Data Management, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johann Steinwider
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Lueckl
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiology, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Jank
- Department of Food Safety and Consumer Protection, Federal Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Health and Consumer Protection, Radetzkystraße 2, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ian Kopacka
- Department of Statistics and Analytical Epidemiology, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Elke Rauscher-Gabernig
- Department of Risk Assessment, Division of Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Spargelfeldstraße 191, 1220, Vienna, Austria.
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Morawetz L, Köglberger H, Griesbacher A, Derakhshifar I, Crailsheim K, Brodschneider R, Moosbeckhofer R. Health status of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) and disease-related risk factors for colony losses in Austria. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219293. [PMID: 31287830 PMCID: PMC6615611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Austrian beekeepers frequently suffered severe colony losses during the last decade similar to trends all over Europe. This first surveillance study aimed to describe the health status of Austrian bee colonies and to analyze the reasons for losses for both the summer and winter season in Austria. In this study 189 apiaries all over Austria were selected using a stratified random sampling approach and inspected three times between July 2015 and spring 2016 by trained bee inspectors. The inspectors made interviews with the beekeepers about their beekeeping practice and the history of the involved colonies. They inspected a total of 1596 colonies for symptoms of nine bee pests and diseases (four of them notifiable diseases) and took bee samples for varroa mite infestation analysis. The most frequently detected diseases were three brood diseases: Varroosis, Chalkbrood and Sacbrood. The notifiable bee pests Aethina tumida and Tropilaelaps spp. were not detected. During the study period 10.8% of the 1596 observed colonies died. Winter proved to be the most critical season, in which 75% of the reported colony losses happened. Risks for suffering summer losses increased significantly, when colonies were weak in July, had queen problems or a high varroa mite infestation level on bees in July. Risks for suffering winter losses increased significantly, when the colonies had a high varroa mite infestation level on bees in September, were weak in September, had a queen older than one year or the beekeeper had few years of beekeeping experience. However, the effect of a high varroa mite infestation level in September had by far the greatest potential to raise the winter losses compared to the other significant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde Morawetz
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Hemma Köglberger
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonia Griesbacher
- Department for Statistics and Analytical Epidemiology, Division for Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Irmgard Derakhshifar
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Crailsheim
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | | | - Rudolf Moosbeckhofer
- Department for Apiculture and Bee Protection, Institute for Seed and Propagating Material, Phytosanitary Service and Apiculture, Division for Food Security, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd., Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Reif P, Pichler G, Griesbacher A, Lehner G, Schöll W, Lang U, Hofmann H, Ulrich D. Do time of birth, unit volume, and staff seniority affect neonatal outcome in deliveries at ≥34
+0
weeks of gestation? BJOG 2017; 125:884-891. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Reif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - G Pichler
- Division of Neonatology Department of Paediatrics Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - A Griesbacher
- Risk Assessment, Data and Statistics Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Graz Austria
| | - G Lehner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - W Schöll
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - U Lang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - H Hofmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital Feldbach Feldbach Austria
| | - D Ulrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
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9
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Reif P, Schott S, Boyon C, Richter J, Kavšek G, Timoh KN, Haas J, Pateisky P, Griesbacher A, Lang U, Ayres-de-Campos D. Does knowledge of fetal outcome influence the interpretation of intrapartum cardiotocography and subsequent clinical management? A multicentre European study. BJOG 2016; 123:2208-2217. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Reif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | - S Schott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Heidelberg University Hospital; Heidelberg Germany
| | - C Boyon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Lille University Hospital; Lille France
| | - J Richter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - G Kavšek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University Clinical Centre Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - KN Timoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Paris Sud 11 University; Paris France
| | - J Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | - P Pateisky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - A Griesbacher
- Department for Risk Assessment, Data and Statistics; Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety; Vienna Austria
| | - U Lang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | - D Ayres-de-Campos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical School - University of Porto; Porto Portugal
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Reif P, Schott S, Boyon C, Richter J, Kavšek G, Nyangoh Timoh K, Pateisky P, Haas J, Griesbacher A, Lang U, Ayres-de-Campos D. Does knowledge of fetal outcome influence the interpretation of intrapartum cardiotocography and subsequent clinical management? A multicentre European study. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Trauffler M, Griesbacher A, Fuchs K, Köfer J. Antimicrobial drug use in Austrian pig farms: plausibility check of electronic on-farm records and estimation of consumption. Vet Rec 2014; 175:402. [PMID: 25053268 PMCID: PMC4215275 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Electronic drug application records from farmers from 75 conventional pig farms were revised and checked for their plausibility. The registered drug amounts were verified by comparing the farmers' records with veterinarians' dispensary records. The antimicrobial consumption was evaluated from 2008 to 2011 and expressed in weight of active substance(s), number of used daily doses (nUDD), number of animal daily doses (nADD) and number of product-related daily doses (nPrDD). All results were referred to one year and animal bodyweight (kg biomass). The data plausibility proof revealed about 14 per cent of unrealistic drug amount entries in the farmers' records. The annual antimicrobial consumption was 33.9 mg/kg/year, 4.9 UDDkg/kg/year, 1.9 ADDkg/kg/year and 2.5 PrDDkg/kg/year (average). Most of the antimicrobials were applied orally (86 per cent) and at group-level. Main therapy indications were metaphylactic/prophylactic measures (farrow-to-finish and fattening farms) or digestive tract diseases (breeding farms). The proportion of the ‘highest priority critically important antimicrobials’ was low (12 per cent). After determination of a threshold value, farms with a high antimicrobial use could be detected. Statistical tests showed that the veterinarian had an influence on the dosage, the therapy indication and the active substance. Orally administered antimicrobials were mostly underdosed, parenterally administered antimicrobials rather correctly or overdosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trauffler
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - A Griesbacher
- Division for Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Zinsendorfgasse 27/1, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - K Fuchs
- Division for Data, Statistics & Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Zinsendorfgasse 27/1, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - J Köfer
- Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna 1210, Austria
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Wolf P, Gruber-Wackernagel A, Rinner B, Griesbacher A, Eberhard K, Groselj-Strele A, Mayer G, Stauber RE, Byrne SN. Phototherapeutic hardening modulates systemic cytokine levels in patients with polymorphic light eruption. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:166-73. [PMID: 22949107 DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25187f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of polymorphic light eruption (PLE) has been linked to impaired UV-immunosuppression, Langerhans cell (LC) retention, and an absence of neutrophil infiltration into UV-exposed PLE skin. We have previously shown that photohardening restores the impaired neutrophil responsiveness to the chemoattractants leucotriene B4 and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanin in PLE patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether photohardening modulates baseline chemokine and cytokine levels which would alter chemoresponsiveness and hence immune function in PLE patients. Sixteen PLE patients received photohardening therapy for 4-9 weeks by 311 nm UVB. Plasma samples were taken both before and within 48 h of the penultimate phototherapeutic exposure. Plasma from these 16 patients, 8 non-irradiated PLE patients, and 14 control subjects was analyzed for IL-1β, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-10, IL-17, TNF, CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL5 (RANTES), CCL11 (eotaxin), and CCL22 (MDC). These cytokines and chemokines were measured in early spring (March to April) and again in late spring (April to June). PLE patients had a significantly elevated level of CCL11 (p = 0.003) and IL-1β (p = 0.002) in early spring (before phototherapy). In late spring, after phototherapy, PLE patients had significantly elevated CCL2 (p = 0.002) and TNF (p = 0.002) but a trend for lowered plasma levels of CXCL8 (p = 0.021). When comparing the cytokine shifts from early to late spring, while healthy controls and non-UV-irradiated PLE patients showed an increase, PLE patients undergoing photohardening exhibited a trend for decrease in IL-1β (p = 0.012). Taken together, our results indicate that photohardening may alter the complex cytokine milieu in PLE, in particular via IL-1β, helping to normalise the pathophysiologic response to subsequent UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wolf
- Research Unit for Photodermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbrugger Platz 8, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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13
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Macher S, Sipurzynski-Budraβ S, Rosskopf K, Semmelrock M, Prüller F, Griesbacher A, Lanzer G, Schallmoser K. Influence of multicomponent apheresis on donors’ haematological and coagulation parameters, iron storage and platelet function. Vox Sang 2012; 103:194-200. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2012.01609.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Lindner E, Weger M, Steinwender G, Griesbacher A, Posch U, Ulrich S, Wegscheider B, Ardjomand N, El-Shabrawi Y. IL2RA Gene Polymorphism rs2104286 A>G Seen in Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated with Intermediate Uveitis: Possible Parallel Pathways? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 52:8295-9. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewald Lindner
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Martin Weger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot Steinwender
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | | | - Ursula Posch
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Serology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Ulrich
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Serology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Navid Ardjomand
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yosuf El-Shabrawi
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bokanovic
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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16
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Sturm GJ, Jin C, Kranzelbinder B, Hemmer W, Sturm EM, Griesbacher A, Heinemann A, Vollmann J, Altmann F, Crailsheim K, Focke M, Aberer W. Inconsistent results of diagnostic tools hamper the differentiation between bee and vespid venom allergy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20842. [PMID: 21698247 PMCID: PMC3115969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Double sensitization (DS) to bee and vespid venom is frequently observed in the diagnosis of hymenoptera venom allergy, but clinically relevant DS is rare. Therefore it is sophisticated to choose the relevant venom for specific immunotherapy and overtreatment with both venoms may occur. We aimed to compare currently available routine diagnostic tests as well as experimental tests to identify the most accurate diagnostic tool. Methods 117 patients with a history of a bee or vespid allergy were included in the study. Initially, IgE determination by the ImmunoCAP, by the Immulite, and by the ADVIA Centaur, as well as the intradermal test (IDT) and the basophil activation test (BAT) were performed. In 72 CAP double positive patients, individual IgE patterns were determined by western blot inhibition and component resolved diagnosis (CRD) with rApi m 1, nVes v 1, and nVes v 5. Results Among 117 patients, DS was observed in 63.7% by the Immulite, in 61.5% by the CAP, in 47.9% by the IDT, in 20.5% by the ADVIA, and in 17.1% by the BAT. In CAP double positive patients, western blot inhibition revealed CCD-based DS in 50.8%, and the CRD showed 41.7% of patients with true DS. Generally, agreement between the tests was only fair and inconsistent results were common. Conclusion BAT, CRD, and ADVIA showed a low rate of DS. However, the rate of DS is higher than expected by personal history, indicating that the matter of clinical relevance is still not solved even by novel tests. Furthermore, the lack of agreement between these tests makes it difficult to distinguish between bee and vespid venom allergy. At present, no routinely employed test can be regarded as gold standard to find the clinically relevant sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter J Sturm
- Division of Environmental Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Sieber W, Bernkopf K, Bauer A, Brenner M, Walker A, Liptak J, Przybilla B, Eben R, Ruëff F, Koschel D, Schmies M, Höffken G, Balck F, Sturm GJ, Kranzelbinder B, Schuster C, Bokanovic D, Sturm E, Vollmann J, Griesbacher A, Crailsheim K, Aberer W, Laipold K. Langfristige Patientenversorgung. Allergo J 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03362490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fröhlich E, Meindl C, Roblegg E, Griesbacher A, Pieber TR. Cytotoxity of nanoparticles is influenced by size, proliferation and embryonic origin of the cells used for testing. Nanotoxicology 2011; 6:424-39. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2011.586478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bauernhofer T, Pichler M, Wieckowski E, Stanson J, Aigelsreiter A, Griesbacher A, Groselj-Strele A, Linecker A, Samonigg H, Langner C, Whiteside TL. Prolactin receptor is a negative prognostic factor in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1641-8. [PMID: 21505459 PMCID: PMC3101909 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The influence of human prolactin (hPRL) on the development of breast and other types of cancer is well established. Little information, however, exists on the effects of hPRL on squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHNs). Methods: In this study, we evaluated prolactin receptor (PRLR) expression in SCCHN cell lines and assessed by immunohistochemistry the expression in 89 patients with SCCHNs. The PRLR expression was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics as well as clinical outcome. The effect of hPRL treatment on tumour cell growth was evaluated in vitro. Results: Immunoreactivity for PRLR was observed in 85 out of 89 (95%) tumours. Multivariate COX regression analysis confirmed high levels of PRLR expression (>25% of tumour cells) to be an independent prognostic factor with respect to overall survival (HR=3.70, 95% CI: 1.14–12.01; P=0.029) and disease-free survival (P=0.017). Growth of PRLR-positive cancer cells increased in response to hPRL treatment. Conclusion: Our data indicate that hPRL is an important growth factor for SCCHN. Because of PRLR expression in a vast majority of tumour specimens and its negative impact on overall survival, the receptor represents a novel prognosticator and a promising drug target for patients with SCCHNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bauernhofer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz A-8036, Austria.
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Gugatschka M, Kiesler K, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Groselj-Strele A, Griesbacher A, Friedrich G. Vitamin D status is associated with disease-free survival and overall survival time in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2011; 268:1201-1204. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-010-1481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Koestenbauer S, Stiegler P, Stadlbauer V, Mayrhauser U, Leber B, Schweiger M, Wasler A, Prenner G, Sereinigg M, Zelzer S, Stojakovic T, Scarpatetti M, Griesbacher A, Greilberger J, Tscheliessnigg K. Myeloperoxidase and carbonyl proteins: promising markers for non-invasive monitoring of graft rejection after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010; 29:1352-7. [PMID: 20591692 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After heart transplantation (HTx), endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is currently the standard method to diagnose acute graft rejection. A non-invasive marker of rejection would be desirable as an alternative or to permit more selective use of the costly and invasive EMB. METHODS In this retrospective study, outcomes of routinely taken EMBs were used to select 28 patients after HTx EMB Grade 0R (8 patients), 1R (9 patients) or 2R (11 patients). For these patients, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and carbonyl proteins (CP) in serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). RESULTS MPO and CP levels in post-HTx patients with Grade 2R rejection were significantly (MPO: p < 0.01; CP: p < 0.001) elevated at the time of rejection compared with levels 1 month earlier. MPO and CP levels predicted Grade 2R rejection and the best cut-off point was 237.5 μg/l for MPO and 222.5 pmol/mg for CP, respectively. Clinically most important was the marked increase (doubling of basic values within 1 month) of MPO and CP levels in cases of Grade 2R rejection in post-HTx patients. CONCLUSIONS MPO and CP seem to be appropriate parameters to monitor rejection events non-invasively and to minimize the application of EMBs after HTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Koestenbauer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Macher S, Sipurzynski-Budraß S, Rosskopf K, Rohde E, Griesbacher A, Groselj-Strele A, Lanzer G, Schallmoser K. Function and activation state of platelets in vitro depend on apheresis modality. Vox Sang 2010; 99:332-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01353.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mischinger J, Froehlich E, Griesbacher A, Pummer K, Mannweiler S, Zigeuner R, Lipsky K. Prognostic relevance of B7H1 and B7H3 protein expressions in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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