1
|
Jurado-Martos F, Cardoso-Toset F, Tarradas C, Galán-Relaño Á, Sánchez-Carvajal JM, Ruedas-Torres I, Vera-Salmoral E, Larenas-Muñoz F, Carrasco L, Gómez-Laguna J, Lorenzo BH, Luque I. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the serological test for paratuberculosis in cattle according to tuberculosis status. Vet Rec 2023; 193:e3313. [PMID: 37718548 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are the most widely used diagnostic tools in bovine paratuberculosis (bPTB) control. However, their diagnostic accuracy may be compromised by bovine tuberculosis (bTB) infection, as both diseases share diagnostic targets. METHODS The bPTB and bTB infection status of 228 animals was determined using microbiological tissue culture as a reference test. The diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and predictive values) of the bPTB-ELISA on blood serum samples, taking into account the bPTB animal-level prevalence of the area and the bTB status of the animals, was evaluated. RESULTS A sensitivity of 40.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.5%-53.9%) and a specificity of 94.7% (95% CI: 91.4%-98.0%) were obtained for bPTB-ELISA in all animals. A bPTB-ELISA-positive animal would have a post-test probability of 70% or more of being infected in areas with a bPTB prevalence of 23% or more. A negative bPTB-ELISA result, in areas with a bPTB prevalence of 41% or less, would rule out the disease with more than 70% certainty. In bTB-positive animals, sensitivity increased (94.4% [95% CI: 81.4%-100%] vs. 25.1% [95% CI: 11.8%-38.4%]) and specificity decreased (82.6% [95% CI: 71.8%-93.4%] vs. 99.4% [95% CI: 98.0%-99.9%]). The bPTB-ELISA is a good tool to rule out bPTB co-infection in bTB-positive animals, while in bTB-negative animals, it allows confirmation of disease with more than 70% probability if disease prevalence is 6% or more. LIMITATIONS The observed differences could be enhanced by the effect of frequent application of the intradermal tuberculin test, which was unknown in the animals studied. CONCLUSIONS These results provide useful guidance for the application and interpretation of ELISA as a tool for bPTB disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jurado-Martos
- CICAP-Food Research Centre, Pozoblanco, Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Tarradas
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - José María Sánchez-Carvajal
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Inés Ruedas-Torres
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Fernanda Larenas-Muñoz
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Librado Carrasco
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Belén Huerta Lorenzo
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Luque
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nunney E, Crotta M, van Winden S, Bond K, Green M, Guitian J. Effect of tuberculin skin testing on serological results against Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP): Evidence of distinct effects in MAP-infected and noninfected cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:8354-8363. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
3
|
Dórea FC, Vergne T, Brennan M, van Schaik G, Barrett D, Carmo LP, Robinson PA, Brodbelt DC, McIntyre KM. SVEPM 2020 - Resilience and community support in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Annual Conference, extraordinarily held online. Prev Vet Med 2021; 191:105368. [PMID: 33933917 PMCID: PMC8080506 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Dórea
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Department of Disease Control and Epidemiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, SE 75 189, Sweden.
| | - Timothée Vergne
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; UMR ENVT-INRAE 1225, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marnie Brennan
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Gerdien van Schaik
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Royal GD, Deventer, The Netherlands; Department of Population Health Sciences, Unit Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Damien Barrett
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; One Health Scientific Support Team, Dept of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luís Pedro Carmo
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philip A Robinson
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Department of Veterinary Health and Animal Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Dave C Brodbelt
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - K Marie McIntyre
- The Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, UK; Department of Livestock and One Health, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bridges N, van Winden S. The Occurrence of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Positive Milk Antibody ELISA Results in Dairy Cattle under Varying Time Periods after Skin Testing for Bovine Tuberculosis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051224. [PMID: 33922705 PMCID: PMC8145865 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are used to screen cows for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infections, informing Johne's disease (JD) management practices in dairy herds. The causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), Mycobacterium bovis, and MAP share multiple antigens. Moreover, Mycobacterium avium subspecies avium is used in the single intradermal cervical comparative tests (SICCT) that are routinely used in early detection of cows infected with bTB. Although these are different types of immune responses, potentially the SICCT may interfere with the levels of MAP antibodies. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the SICCT-MAP milk ELISA testing interval and apparent prevalence of JD risk statuses. Data from 51 herds were used, totalling 46,738 cow observations. The Poisson models showed that MAP milk ELISA testing at 14 day intervals post-SICCT statistically significantly increased the odds of detecting JD-positive cows compared to JD testing 85+ days post-SICCT. The odds ratio (OR) started at 2.5 in the first 14 day interval post-SICCT, increasing each two-week period to an OR of 4.0 at 57-70 days, to subsequently drop. Additionally, a herd history of bTB increased the odds of detecting JD-positive cows (OR = 1.2); this was relatively limited compared to the magnitude of the post-SICCT effect.
Collapse
|