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Jurado-Martos F, Cardoso-Toset F, Tarradas C, Galán-Relaño Á, Sánchez-Carvajal JM, Ruedas-Torres I, Vera-Salmoral E, Larenas-Muñoz F, Carrasco L, Gómez-Laguna J, Lorenzo BH, Luque I. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the serological test for paratuberculosis in cattle according to tuberculosis status. Vet Rec 2023; 193:e3313. [PMID: 37718548 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are the most widely used diagnostic tools in bovine paratuberculosis (bPTB) control. However, their diagnostic accuracy may be compromised by bovine tuberculosis (bTB) infection, as both diseases share diagnostic targets. METHODS The bPTB and bTB infection status of 228 animals was determined using microbiological tissue culture as a reference test. The diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and predictive values) of the bPTB-ELISA on blood serum samples, taking into account the bPTB animal-level prevalence of the area and the bTB status of the animals, was evaluated. RESULTS A sensitivity of 40.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.5%-53.9%) and a specificity of 94.7% (95% CI: 91.4%-98.0%) were obtained for bPTB-ELISA in all animals. A bPTB-ELISA-positive animal would have a post-test probability of 70% or more of being infected in areas with a bPTB prevalence of 23% or more. A negative bPTB-ELISA result, in areas with a bPTB prevalence of 41% or less, would rule out the disease with more than 70% certainty. In bTB-positive animals, sensitivity increased (94.4% [95% CI: 81.4%-100%] vs. 25.1% [95% CI: 11.8%-38.4%]) and specificity decreased (82.6% [95% CI: 71.8%-93.4%] vs. 99.4% [95% CI: 98.0%-99.9%]). The bPTB-ELISA is a good tool to rule out bPTB co-infection in bTB-positive animals, while in bTB-negative animals, it allows confirmation of disease with more than 70% probability if disease prevalence is 6% or more. LIMITATIONS The observed differences could be enhanced by the effect of frequent application of the intradermal tuberculin test, which was unknown in the animals studied. CONCLUSIONS These results provide useful guidance for the application and interpretation of ELISA as a tool for bPTB disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jurado-Martos
- CICAP-Food Research Centre, Pozoblanco, Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Tarradas
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - José María Sánchez-Carvajal
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Inés Ruedas-Torres
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Fernanda Larenas-Muñoz
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Librado Carrasco
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Belén Huerta Lorenzo
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Luque
- Department of Animal Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3', University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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