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Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Çayan F, Yılmaz Altınok B, Aktaş S. Characterization of Polysaccharide Extracts of Four Edible Mushrooms and Determination of In Vitro Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition and Anticancer Activities. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25887-25901. [PMID: 38911755 PMCID: PMC11191116 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides are important bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms with various beneficial properties. In this study, the chemical characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharide extracts from four different edible mushrooms, Clavariadelphus truncatus Donk, Craterellus tubaeformis (Fr.) Quél., Hygrophorus pudorinus (Fr.) Fr., and Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer were studied. Glucose (13.24-56.02%), galactose (14.18-64.05%), mannose (2.18-18.13%), fucose (1.21-5.78%), and arabinose (0.04-5.43%) were identified in all polysaccharide extracts by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of characteristic carbohydrate patterns. 1H NMR suggested that all polysaccharide extracts had α- and β-d-mannopyranose, d-glucopyranose, d-galactopyranose, α-l-arabinofuranose, and α-l-fucopyranose residues. Approximate molecular weights of polysaccharide extracts were determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). The best antioxidant activity was found in M. procera polysaccharide extract in DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging (39.03% at 800 μg/mL), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) (A0.50: 387.50 μg/mL), and PRAP (phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power) (A0.50: 384.08 μg/mL) assays. C. truncatus polysaccharide extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in ABTS•+ scavenging (IC50: 734.09 μg/mL), β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50: 472.16 μg/mL), and iron chelating (IC50: 180.35 μg/mL) assays. Significant anticancer activity was found in C. truncatus polysaccharide extract on HT-29 (IC50: 46.49 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50: 48.50 μg/mL) cell lines and H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract on the HeLa cell line (IC50: 51.64 μg/mL). Also, H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract possessed prominent AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibition activity (49.14% at 200 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Deveci
- Chemistry
and Chemical Processing Technology Department, Technical Sciences
Vocational School, Konya Technical University, Konya 42100, Turkey
| | - Gülsen Tel-Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Fatih Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Bahar Yılmaz Altınok
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70000, Turkey
| | - Sinan Aktaş
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk
University, Konya 42100, Turkey
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2
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Wang H, Feng Y, Liang Y, Wang K, Yang X, Lai M, Li H, Yang J, Ji X. Effects of Separation and Purification Methods on Antioxidation, Hypoglycemic and DNA Protection Activity of Fenugreek Polysaccharide. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400190. [PMID: 38860451 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Six low molecular weight fenugreek polysaccharides (FP) were isolated and purified by ethanol stepwise precipitation (EFP-20, EFP-40, and EFP-60) and DEAE-52 cellulose column method (DFP-0, DFP-0.15, and DFP-0.3), respectively. The effects of different separation and purification techniques on the preliminary properties and biological activities of fenugreek polysaccharides were compared. The results showed that the DEAE-52 cellulose-eluted fractions had a higher total sugar content and displayed a looser structure. The molecular weights of all six fractions were in the range of 4-19 kDa, with significant changes in the ratio of galactose to mannose. All six fractions contained α-D-galactopyranose and β-D-mannopyranose structures. Activity tests showed that all six fractions possessed antioxidant, hypoglycemic and DNA-protective activities. Among them, the DFP-0 fraction showed the highest activity. Overall, different isolation and purification methods lead to changes in the properties and bioactivities of FP, which provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of FP in functional foods and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yingjie Feng
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yifan Liang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Nanchang Cigarette Factory of China Tobacco Jiangxi Industry Co., Ltd., Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Miao Lai
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huayu Li
- Technology Center of Henan Cigarette Industrial Reconstituted Tobacco Sheet Co., Ltd., Xuchang, 461000, Henan, China
| | - Jinchu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Wu Z, Zhang R, Wang J, Li T, Zhang G, Zhang C, Ye H, Zeng X. Characteristics of exopolysaccharides from Paecilomyces hepiali and their simulated digestion and fermentation in vitro by human intestinal microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131198. [PMID: 38552700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The metabolic process of polysaccharides in gastrointestinal digestions and the effects of the resulting carbohydrates on the composition of gut microbes are important to explore their prebiotic properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the simulated digestion and fecal fermentation in vitro of three fractions (PHEPSs-1, PHEPSs-2 and PHEPSs-3) purified from the crude exopolysaccharides of Paecilomyces hepiali HN1 (PHEPSs) and to explore the potential prebiotic mechanisms. The three purified fractions were characterized by HPLC, UV, FT-IR, SEM and AFM, and they were all of galactoglucomannan family with molecular weight of 178, 232 and 119 kDa, respectively. They could resist the simulated gastrointestinal digestions, but they were metabolized in fecal fermentation in vitro. Furthermore, the mannose in PHEPSs showed a higher utilization rate than that of glucose or galactose. The proliferation effects of PHEPSs on Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were weaker significantly than those of fructooligosaccharides before 12 h of fecal fermentation, but stronger after 24 h of fecal fermentation. Meanwhile, higher levels of short-chain fatty acids were found in PHEPSs groups when the fecal fermentation extended to 36 h. Therefore, PHEPSs are expected to have a potent gut healthy activity and can be explored as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Rongxian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tenglong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chaohui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hong Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Huang XY, Ye XP, Hu YY, Tang ZX, Zhang T, Zhou H, Zhou T, Bai XL, Pi EX, Xie BH, Shi LE. Exopolysaccharides of Paenibacillus polymyxa: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129663. [PMID: 38278396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Paenibacillus polymyxa (P. polymyxa) is a member of the genus Paenibacillus, which is a rod-shaped, spore-forming gram-positive bacterium. P. polymyxa is a source of many metabolically active substances, including polypeptides, volatile organic compounds, phytohormone, hydrolytic enzymes, exopolysaccharide (EPS), etc. Due to the wide range of compounds that it produces, P. polymyxa has been extensively studied as a plant growth promoting bacterium which provides a direct benefit to plants through the improvement of N fixation from the atmosphere and enhancement of the solubilization of phosphorus and the uptake of iron in the soil, and phytohormones production. Among the metabolites from P. polymyxa, EPS exhibits many activities, for example, antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-tumor and many others. EPS has various applications in food, agriculture, environmental protection. Particularly, in the field of sustainable agriculture, P. polymyxa EPS can be served as a biofilm to colonize microbes, and also can act as a nutrient sink on the roots of plants in the rhizosphere. Therefore, this paper would provide a comprehensive review of the advancements of diverse aspects of EPS from P. polymyxa, including the production, extraction, structure, biosynthesis, bioactivity and applications, etc. It would provide a direction for future research on P. polymyxa EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Ya Huang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Xin-Pei Ye
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yan-Yu Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Zhen-Xing Tang
- School of Culinary Art, Tourism College of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Xue-Lian Bai
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Er-Xu Pi
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Bing-Hua Xie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Lu-E Shi
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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Zhang X, Xiao Y, Huang Q. Investigation of cellular uptake and transport capacity of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles with different particle sizes in Caco-2 cell monolayer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130060. [PMID: 38340938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles (EPS-SeNPs) were successfully constructed, characterized, and its Se release kinetics and mechanism were also evaluated in our previous studies. However, the intestinal cellular uptake and transport capacities of EPS-SeNPs remain unknown. On the basis of our previous researches, this work was designed to evaluate the uptake and transport capacities of EPS-SeNPs (EPS/Se = 20/1, 3/1, 1/1, and 3/4) in intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results indicated that the internalization of coumarin-6 labeled EPS-SeNPs was in a time-dependent process and eventually located in the cytoplasm, not in the nucleus. Endocytosis inhibitors were employed to evaluate the cellular uptake pathway of EPS-SeNPs, relevant results revealed that clathrin-, caveolae-, and energy-mediated pathways were participated in the internalization of EPS-SeNPs by Caco-2 cells. In addition, the transportation of EPS-SeNPs across Caco-2 cell monolayers was in a concentration-dependent manner. Different particle sizes of EPS-SeNPs presented different uptake and transport capacities in Caco-2 cells. Noteworthy, EPS/Se = 3/4 with the highest selenium content possessed the most superior cellular uptake and transport abilities in Caco-2 cells. The present work may contribute to illustrate the internalization and transport mechanism of EPS-SeNPs, thus facilitating its application in food and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yidong Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Wu J, Wu Z, Pan Y, Luo D, Zhong Q. Effects of different stress conditions on the production, bioactivities, physicochemical and structural characteristics of exopolysaccharides synthetized by Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Z171. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128675. [PMID: 38092104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study systematically investigated the effects of stress conditions including temperature, pH, H2O2, NaCl, antibiotics on the production and in vitro cholesterol-lowering activity of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthetized by Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Z171. Additionally, the influences of the optimal stress condition combined with different carbon sources on EPS production were examined, shedding light on the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties and bioactivities of EPSs. The results demonstrated that the EPS produced under H2O2 stress was optimal and presented excellent resistance to simulated gastric juice and α-amylase. Three main fractions, denoted as G-EPS1, F-EPS1 and S-EPS1, were isolated by cellulose DEAE-52 chromatography from crude EPSs synthetized using glucose, fructose and sucrose as carbon sources, respectively. Among them, F-EPS1 possessed the highest cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities, with the highest molecular weight 91.03 kDa, largest particle size 40.14 nm and apparent viscosity 288.2 mPa·s. Three EPSs exhibited irregular sheet-like and granular structures with good thermal stability. Structural characterization of F-EPS1a (a purified fraction from F-EPS1) revealed that it was a mannan mainly composed of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3)-α-Manp-(1→ and →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→ with branch chains containing α-D-Manp-(1→. F-EPS1a has more potential to be a natural cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic and antioxidant supplements in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yirui Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongsheng Luo
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Qingping Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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7
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Zhang X, Xiao Y, Huang Q. The cellular uptake of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles and their induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells via mitochondria- and death receptor-mediated pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125747. [PMID: 37429344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This wok investigated the effects of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles (EPS-SeNPs), EPS-Se-1, EPS-Se-2, EPS-Se-3, and EPS-Se-4) with particle sizes (79-124 nm) and Se contents (20.11-40.80 μg/mg) on endocytosis and antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and revealed the apoptosis-related mechanisms. EPS-SeNPs inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation in a dose and Se content-dependent manner by disrupting cell membrane and mitochondrial integrity, promoting reactive oxygen species production. EPS-SeNPs were endocytosed by HepG2 cells through a clathrin-mediated pathway and followed the quasi-first-order kinetics model, indicating physical adsorption played a dominant role in cellular uptake behavior of EPS-SeNPs. Notably, EPS-Se-3 with the lowest particle size (79 nm) showed the highest antitumor activity and the strongest ability to promote cell apoptosis. Western blotting results revealed that EPS-Se-3 increased expressions of Bax, Cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, Fas, p53, and cleaved caspase-8, while decreased the expressions of Bcl-2 and PARP, as contrast to that of control. Overall, EPS-SeNPs induced cell apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondria-mediated and extrinsic death receptor-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yidong Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Li Y, Liu S, Ding Y, Li S, Sang X, Li T, Zhao Q, Yu S. Structure, in vitro digestive characteristics and effect on gut microbiota of sea cucumber polysaccharide fermented by Bacillus subtilis Natto. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112872. [PMID: 37254322 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the structural, digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of sea cucumber polysaccharide fermented by Bacillus subtilis Natto. Results showed that both sea cucumber polysaccharide (SP) and fermented sea cucumber polysaccharide (FSP) were sulfated polysaccharides mainly containing fucose. The physicochemical property, molecular weight, thermal property, and functional groups were no significant difference between SP and FSP, but the microscopic morphology and monosaccharide composition of FSP changed. Both SP and FSP showed similar digestion and fecal fermentation characteristics, that is, they could not be digested by saliva and gastric juice, but could be partially degraded by small intestine. Due to the decomposition of glycosidic bonds after intestinal digestion and fecal fermentation, the relative molecular mass of SP and FSP decreased. In terms of impacts on gut microbiota, Lachnospira, Bacteroides finegoldii, and Bifidobacteriaceae were significantly increased in SP, while Acinetobacter was significantly increased in FSP. This study provides a good understanding of the changes in the structure and digestive characteristics of sea cucumber polysaccharides caused by fermentation. That information will be beneficial for the development and application of new fermented sea cucumber products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116650, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Yujie Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Dalian Xinyulong Marine Organisms Seed Industry Technology CO., LtD, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xue Sang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116650, PR China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- Dalian Xinyulong Marine Organisms Seed Industry Technology CO., LtD, Dalian 116023, PR China
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Li JH, Zhu YY, Gu FT, Wu JY. Efficient isolation of immunostimulatory polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes by autoclaving-ultrasonication extraction and fractional precipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124216. [PMID: 36990414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
A hyphenated process, autoclaving followed by ultrasonication (AU), was evaluated for efficient extraction of polysaccharides (PS) from Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) mushroom. The PS yield (w/w) was 8.44 % from hot-water extraction (HWE), 11.01 % by autoclaving extraction (AE), and 16.3 % by AUE. The AUE water extract was subject to fractional precipitation in four-steps with increasing ethanol concentration of 40 %, 50 %, 70 % and 80 % (v/v), yielding four PS fractions in descending molecular weight (MW), PS40 > PS50 > PS70 > PS80. All the four PS fractions were composed of four monosaccharide residues, mannose (Man), glucose (Glc) and galactose (Gal) but in different mole ratios. The PS40 fraction with the highest average MW (4.98 × 106) was the most abundant fraction, accounting for 64.4 % of the total PS mass and also had the highest glucose molar ratio (~80 %). PS40 also most significantly enhanced the NO, and ROS generation and phagocytic activity in RAW 264.7 cells. The results proved that AUE followed by fractional ethanol precipitation is an efficient strategy with reduced solvent expenditure for isolation of the major immunostimulatory PS from L. edodes mushroom.
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Al-Ajalein AHAS, Shafie MH, Yap PG, Kassim MA, Naharudin I, Wong TW, Gan CY. Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Cinnamomum cassia with anti-hyperpigmentation properties: Optimization and characterization studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:321-335. [PMID: 36502951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The anti-hyperpigmentation effect and tyrosinase inhibitory mechanism of cinnamon polysaccharides have not been reported. The current study focused on the extraction of polysaccharides from Cinnamomum cassia bark using microwave-assisted approach and optimization of the extraction process (i.e., microwave power, irradiation time and buffer-to-sample ratio) by Box-Behnken design to obtain a high yield of polysaccharides with high sun protection factor (SPF), anti-hyperpigmentation and antioxidant activities. The extracted pectic-polysaccharides had low molecular weight and degree of esterification. The optimal extraction process had polysaccharides characterized by (a) monophenolase inhibitory activity = 97.5 %; (b) diphenolase inhibitory activity = 99.4 %; (c) ferric reducing antioxidant power = 4.4 mM; (d) SPF = 6.1; (e) yield = 13.7 %. The SPF, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were primarily contributed by the polysaccharides. In conclusion, the polysaccharides from C. cassia could be an alternative therapeutic source for skin hyperpigmentation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Hareth AbdulRaheem Salem Al-Ajalein
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hakimin Shafie
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900, Malaysia.
| | - Pei-Gee Yap
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Asyraf Kassim
- Bioprocess Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Idanawati Naharudin
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor 42300, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
| | - Tin-Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor 42300, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
| | - Chee-Yuen Gan
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, University Innovation Incubator Building, SAINS@USM Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900, Malaysia.
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11
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Yang Z, Zeng Y, Hu Y, Zhou T, Li J, He L, Zhang W, Zeng X, Fan J. Comparison of chemical property and in vitro digestion behavior of polysaccharides from Auricularia polytricha mycelium and fruit body. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100570. [PMID: 36845476 PMCID: PMC9945431 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Auricularia polytricha is associated tightly with its polysaccharide concentration, molar mass and architecture. This study aims to explore the differences in structural and physicochemical traits and oxidation resistances between the polysaccharides from fruit body (ABPs) and mycelial (IAPs) of Auricularia polytricha. The results showed that ABPs and IAPs were constituted by glucose, glucuronic acid, galactose and mannose. However, the molecular weight distribution of IAPs (3.22 × 104 Da (52.73%) and 1.95 × 106 Da (24.71%)) was wider than that of ABPs (5.4 × 106 Da (95.77%)). The shear-thinning performance and viscoelastic behavior of both IAPs and ABPs are representative. IAPs are scattered in sheets, with folds and holes, and have a triple helix structure. ABPs are compact in structure and clear in texture. The main functional groups and thermal stability of both polysaccharides were similar. Concerning the in-vitro oxidation resistance, both of the studied polysaccharides exhibited the potent potential to scavenge hydroxyl radicals (IC50 = 3.37 ± 0.32 and 6.56 ± 0.54 mg/mL, respectively) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals (IC50 = 0.89 ± 0.22 and 1.48 ± 0.63 mg/mL, respectively), as well as the moderate reduction power. In addition, IAPs and ABPs were both completely undigested in simulated contexts of saliva, small intestine and stomach, and the two polysaccharide types maintained high DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. DDPH scavenging rate during digestion was positively correlated with uronic acid content. To conclude, this study suggests the potential of IAPs as an equivalent alternative to ABPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbin Yang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongde Zeng
- Guizhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Rare Edible and Medicinal Fungi Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuedan Hu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Lapin He
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuefeng Zeng
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Rare Edible and Medicinal Fungi Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550025, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China,Corresponding authors at: School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Jin Fan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guiyang, China,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China,Corresponding authors at: School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
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12
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Chatnarin S, Thirabunyanon M. Potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of cultured mycelial enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis OS8. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150287. [PMID: 37114040 PMCID: PMC10126296 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ophiocordyceps sinensis is well-known worldwide as a traditional medicine. An alternative natural source of O. sinensis is provided by mycelial cultivation. However, the bioactivities of cultured mycelial-enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus O. sinensis OS8 are still unknown. Methods We investigated the potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory polysaccharides (OS8P) produced from cultured mycelia of O. sinensis OS8. This strain is a novel fungus isolated from natural O. sinensis, which is further cultured by submerged mycelial cultivation for polysaccharide production. Results The yield of mycelial biomass was 23.61 g/l, and it contained 306.1 mg/100 g of adenosine and 3.22 g/100 g of polysaccharides. This OS8P was enriched with β-D-glucan at 56.92% and another form of α-D-glucan at 35.32%. The main components of OS8P were dodecamethyl pentasiloxane, 2,6-bis (methylthiomethyl) pyridine, 2-(4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-Benzimidazole, and 2-Chloro-4-(4-nitroanilino)-6-(O-toluidino)-1,3,5-triazine at the rates of 32.5, 20.0, 17.5, and 16.25%, respectively. The growth of colon cancer cells (HT-29) was significantly inhibited by OS8P, with IC50 value of 202.98 µg/ml, and encouraged apoptosis in HT-29 cells as confirmed by morphological change analysis via AO/PI and DAPI staining, DNA fragmentation, and scanning electron microscopic observations. In addition, significant antioxidant activity was demonstrated by OS8P through DPPH and ABTS assays, with IC50 values of 0.52 and 2.07 mg/ml, respectively. The OS8P also exhibited suitable immunomodulatory activities that significantly enhanced (P< 0.05) the induction of splenocyte proliferation. Conclusion The OS8P enriched with β-D-glucan polysaccharides and produced by submerged mycelial culture of a new fungal strain of O. sinensis OS8 strongly inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells without any cytotoxicity against normal cells. The potential effect of the OS8P on the cancer cells was due to the stimulation of apoptosis. Also, the OS8P exhibited good antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The results indicate that OS8P has promising applications in the functional food industry and/or therapeutic agents for colon cancer.
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13
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Song Y, Zhang B, Si M, Chen Z, Geng J, Liang F, Xi M, Liu X, Wang R. Roles of extracellular polymeric substances on Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to different sizes of polystyrene microplastics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137225. [PMID: 36375605 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are important shields for microalgae when confronting with external stresses. However, the underlying roles of EPS in the interactions between microplastics (MPs) and microalgae remain poorly understood. In this study, three sizes of polystyrene (PS) MPs (20 nm, 100 nm, and 1 μm) were chosen for evaluating the compositions of EPS, secreted by Microcystis aeruginosa during exposure. The results indicated that the EPS compositions were different when M. aeruginosa was exposed to PS MPs of different sizes. The presence of EPS is helpful for alleviating the adverse effects of PS MPs on M. aeruginosa cell growth, photosynthesis, and oxidative stress. With the exception of the shading effect, insufficient EPS cause direct adsorption of unstable 1 μm PS MPs to the algal surface, which could destroy the cell wall. In contrast, aromatic proteins and fulvic acids are representative EPS components stimulated by 100 nm PS MPs, contributing to the self-aggregation and encapsulation of algal cells and availability of nutrients for algal growth, respectively. High amounts of polysaccharides were secreted by M. aeruginosa along with humic acids during exposure to 20 nm PS MPs, both of which are crucial in the homo-aggregation of 20 nm PS MPs toward minimize its adverse effects on M. aeruginosa. Together, these findings revealed the differences in EPS under the stimulation of PS MPs of different sizes and clarified the roles of different EPS components in resisting the adverse effects of PS MPs on M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Song
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Mengying Si
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Jinyu Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Fei Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Muchen Xi
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Renjun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
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14
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Structure and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Poria cocos extracted by deep eutectic solvent. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:475-486. [PMID: 35840804 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Poria cocos, a famous traditional Chinese medicine and a well-known food or food supplement, has shown therapeutic potential against cancer and the uneasiness of the mind. In addition, polysaccharides (PCPs) in this fungus were found to be various bioactive. In this work, one such PCP, PCP-1, extracted by deep eutectic solvent (DES) and separated using Sephadex G-15 columns, was characterized using GC-MS, HPGPC, FT-IR, and NMR, while also tested for physicochemical properties. Results indicated that PCP-1 contained 96.89 ± 3.21% total sugars and was a glucan with molecular weight of 3.2 kD. The main glycosidic linkage was 1,3-linked Glcp with 96.82 mol% content and a triple helix structure, and β-D-Glcp-(1 → linkage connected to the main chain through an O-6 atom was the backbone structure. In terms of the physicochemical property, PCP-1 was soluble in water, but not in organic solvent, and processed a relative high water-holding capacity (8.64 ± 0.14 g/g) and low oil-holding capacity (2.52 ± 0.21 g/g). In addition, in vitro, PCP-1 was found to have the ability of scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl free radical, superoxide anion radical and reducing ferric at different levels. This research would be useful for the further application of PCP-1.
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15
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Vosough PR, Edalatian Dovom MR, Habibi Najafi MB, Javadmanesh A, Mayo B. Biodiversity of exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid bacteria from Iranian traditional Kishk and optimization of EPS yield by Enterococcus spp. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Protective effects of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:339-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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17
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Wolf M, Berger F, Hanstein S, Weidenkaff A, Endreß HU, Oestreich AM, Ebrahimi M, Czermak P. Hot-Water Hemicellulose Extraction from Fruit Processing Residues. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13436-13447. [PMID: 35559167 PMCID: PMC9088762 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses are an abundant biopolymer resource with interesting properties for applications in coatings and composite materials. The objective of this investigation was to identify variables of industrially relevant extraction processes that increase the purity of hemicelluloses extracted from fruit residues. Our main finding is that extraction with subcritical water, followed by precipitation with alcohol, can be adjusted to yield products with a purity of at least 90%. Purity was determined based on the total concentration of glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and mannose after hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. In the first experimental design (DoE methodology), the effects of extraction temperature (95-155 °C) and time (20-100 min) on yield and purity were studied. A clear trade-off between yield and purity was observed at high temperatures, indicating the selective removal of impurities. In the second experimental design, the influence of extract pH and alcohol concentration on yield and purity was investigated for the raw extract and a concentrate of this extract with 1/6 of the original volume. The concentrate was obtained by ultrafiltration through ceramic hollow-fiber membranes. The highest purity of 96% was achieved with the concentrate after precipitating with 70% alcohol. Key factors for the resource efficiency of the overall process are addressed. It is concluded that extraction with subcritical water and ultrafiltration are promising technologies for producing hemicelluloses from fruit residues for material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Wolf
- Fraunhofer
Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
IKWS, Brentanostraße 2a, 63755 Alzenau, Germany
| | - Frederik Berger
- Fraunhofer
Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
IKWS, Brentanostraße 2a, 63755 Alzenau, Germany
| | - Stefan Hanstein
- Fraunhofer
Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
IKWS, Brentanostraße 2a, 63755 Alzenau, Germany
| | - Anke Weidenkaff
- Fraunhofer
Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
IKWS, Brentanostraße 2a, 63755 Alzenau, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Endreß
- Herbstreith
& Fox GmbH & Co. KG Pektin-Fabriken, Turnstraße 37, 75305 Neuenbürg, Germany
| | - Arne Michael Oestreich
- University
of Applied Sciences Giessen Friedberg, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Ebrahimi
- University
of Applied Sciences Giessen Friedberg, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- University
of Applied Sciences Giessen Friedberg, Wiesenstraße 14, 35390 Gießen, Germany
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18
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Huo J, Wu Z, Zhao H, Sun W, Wu J, Huang M, Zhang J, Wang Z, Sun B. Structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides from Huangshui based on the HPLC fingerprint combined with chemometrics methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Guo Q, Liang S, Ge C, Xiao Z. Research progress on extraction technology and biological activity of polysaccharides from Edible Fungi: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2039182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuangmin Liang
- Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Changrong Ge
- Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhichao Xiao
- Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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20
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Extraction, structure and pharmacological effects of the polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis: A review. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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21
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Dhahri M, Alghrably M, Mohammed HA, Badshah SL, Noreen N, Mouffouk F, Rayyan S, Qureshi KA, Mahmood D, Lachowicz JI, Jaremko M, Emwas AH. Natural Polysaccharides as Preventive and Therapeutic Horizon for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 35056897 PMCID: PMC8777698 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a serious and widespread global public health burden amongst aging populations. The total estimated worldwide global cost of dementia was US$818 billion in 2015 and has been projected to rise to 2 trillion US$ by 2030. While advances have been made to understand different neurodegenerative disease mechanisms, effective therapeutic strategies do not generally exist. Several drugs have been proposed in the last two decades for the treatment of different types of neurodegenerative diseases, with little therapeutic benefit, and often with severe adverse and side effects. Thus, the search for novel drugs with higher efficacy and fewer drawbacks is an ongoing challenge in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Several natural compounds including polysaccharides have demonstrated neuroprotective and even therapeutic effects. Natural polysaccharides are widely distributed in plants, animals, algae, bacterial and fungal species, and have received considerable attention for their wide-ranging bioactivity, including their antioxidant, anti-neuroinflammatory, anticholinesterase and anti-amyloidogenic effects. In this review, we summarize different mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases and the neuroprotective effects of natural polysaccharides, highlighting their potential role in the prevention and therapy of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Dhahri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mawadda Alghrably
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.J.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Syed Lal Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (S.L.B.); (N.N.)
| | - Noreen Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (S.L.B.); (N.N.)
| | - Fouzi Mouffouk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Saleh Rayyan
- Chemistry Department, Birzeit University, Birzeit P627, Palestine;
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.J.)
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Shankar T, Palpperumal S, Kathiresan D, Sankaralingam S, Balachandran C, Baskar K, Hashem A, Alqarawi AA, Abd_Allah EF. Biomedical and therapeutic potential of exopolysaccharides by Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from sauerkraut: Screening and characterization. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2943-2950. [PMID: 34025171 PMCID: PMC8117039 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intention of the study was evaluated for purification and characterization of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus paracasei; was isolated from homemade Sauerkraut sample collected from Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India, confirmed by biochemical and gene sequencing (16S rRNA). The purification and characterization of exopolysaccharides from candidate bacterium were studied on appearance, solubility of the EPS, carbohydrate estimation, emulsifying activity, sulphate, protein, uronic acid content, FTIR, HPLC and GC-MS analysis. The percentage of elemental carbon, (54.36%) hydrogen (21.74%), nitrogen (9.63%) and sulphur content (18.03%) were recorded in exopolysaccharides. The emulsification index (E24) of EPS was higher in toluene (79.20) and benzene (78.867) supplemented medium. FTIR spectrum of the candidate bacterial EPS confirmed presence of sulphate compounds, carboxyl group, and hydrogen bonded compounds etc. EPS exhibited 76.34% of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), 71.15% of reducing power, 68.65% of Hydrogen Peroxide scavenging activity and also 60.31% DPPH radical scavenging activity. The potential antioxidant properties observed in exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus paracasei is considered as valuable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruvengadam Shankar
- Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women, Elayampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvam Palpperumal
- Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Chellapandian Balachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, Tamil Nadu, India
- National Centre of Excellence (MHRD), Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625 009, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kathirvelu Baskar
- Department of Ecotoxicology Ross Lifescience, Pvt., Ltd, Bhosari, Pune, India
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Isolation and Assessment of a Highly-Active Anti-Inflammatory Exopolysaccharide from Mycelial Fermentation of a Medicinal Fungus Cs-HK1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052450. [PMID: 33671052 PMCID: PMC7957654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to fractionate the complex exopolysaccharide (EPS) from a medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1 based on the molecular weight (MW) range and to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of different EPS fractions in THP-1 cell culture. The lower MW fraction (EPS-LM-1) showed a much higher anti-inflammatory activity. EPS-LM-1 was identified as a heteropolysaccharide consisting of mannose, glucose, and galactose residues with an average MW of 360 kDa. EPS-LM-1 significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses with the effective concentrations for 50% inhibition below 5 µg/mL on a few major proinflammatory markers. With such a notable in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, EPS-LM-1 is a promising candidate for the development of a new anti-inflammation therapy.
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24
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Zhang K, Yuan D, Li C, Fu X. Physicochemical properties and bioactivity of polysaccharides from
Sargassum pallidum
by fractional ethanol precipitation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640China
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640China
| | - Xiong Fu
- School of Food Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640China
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25
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Xiao Y, Huang Q, Zheng Z, Ma H. Selenium release kinetics and mechanism from Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide-selenium composite nanoparticles in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Food Chem 2021; 350:129223. [PMID: 33607408 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This work investigated selenium (Se) release kinetics and mechanism from exopolysaccharide-selenium nanoparticles (EPS-SeNPs, Se/EPS = 1/20, 1/1 and 4/3) in simulated gastric (SGF) and intestinal fluids (SIF) using kinetics models of Zero order, First order, Higuchi, Hixson-Crowell and Korsmeyer-Peppas. EPS-SeNPs showed an increase in size from 80-125 nm to 250-320 nm and more ambiguous boundary after gastrointestinal digestion. Se/EPS ratio and pH had significant influence on Se release. Se release kinetics from EPS-SeNPs (Se/EPS = 1/1 and 4/3 in SGF) followed a classical Fickian diffusion, in contrast to an erosion governed by macromolecular chains relaxation for Se/EPS = 1/20 in SIF. Se release from EPS-SeNPs (Se/EPS = 1/1 and 4/3 in SIF) was well-fitted to Korsmeyer-Peppas model and followed a non-Fickian mechanism controlled by both diffusion and erosion. Additionally, EPS-SeNPs (Se/EPS = 1/20) showed a low Se release after SGF digestion, but a high release after SIF digestion, suggesting its application in controlled release of Se-enriched supplements for Se-deficiency treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Huiyu Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
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Alvandi H, Hatamian-Zarmi A, Ebrahimi Hosseinzadeh B, Mokhtari-Hosseini ZB. Optimization of Production Conditions for Bioactive Polysaccharides from Fomes fomentarius and Investigation of Antibacterial and Antitumor Activities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.30699/ijmm.14.6.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hosseini M, Sharifan A. Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:831-840. [PMID: 32819224 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200818162030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). METHODS The KM extract was obtained through a sequence of operations, including centrifugation for cell isolation, precipitation with potassium citrate/sodium metabisulfite, and recovery and purification. Its antioxidant, growth inhibition, macrophage mitogenic, and toxic activities were evaluated for its future use in the biomedical field. RESULTS Significant inhibitory effects of KM were obtained on reactive species. It showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with no toxic effects on HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). The in vitro model of CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines did not show the cytotoxic and genotoxic of KM. Moreover, it enhanced macrophage activity in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and viability. No sign of acute toxicity was found in BALB/c mice, and body weight remained unchanged in guinea pigs over three months. CONCLUSION Comprehensive biological evaluations in this study are expected to expand the potential of KM as a natural material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Currently at Diagnostic and Therapeutic Industrial Group, Khayyam Innovation Ecosystem, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anoosheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Wang C, Yu YB, Chen TT, Wang ZW, Yan JK. Innovative preparation, physicochemical characteristics and functional properties of bioactive polysaccharides from fresh okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). Food Chem 2020; 320:126647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Kuang H, Jiao Y, Wang W, Wang F, Chen Q. Characterization and antioxidant activities of intracellular polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (QuéL.) Sacc. Chaidam ZJU-CDMA-12. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:1112-1125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Extruded polysaccharide/protein matrix from Arthrospira platensis cultures mediated silver nanoparticles biosynthesis and capping. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Mao YH, Song AX, Li LQ, Yang Y, Yao ZP, Wu JY. A high-molecular weight exopolysaccharide from the Cs-HK1 fungus: Ultrasonic degradation, characterization and in vitro fecal fermentation. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116636. [PMID: 32747271 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work was to examine the impact of power ultrasound (US) on the molecular properties of a high-molecular weight (MW) exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the Cs-HK1 medicinal fungus and the utilization, and prebiotic function of the US-treated EPS fractions in human fecal microflora in vitro. The US treatment caused notable reduction of intrinsic viscosity, average MW and aggregate size of EPS in water but no significant changes in the molecular structure. The US-treated EPS fractions were consumed more rapidly by the fecal microflora, resulting in a higher total level of short chain fatty acids. They also affected the relative abundance in the microflora more beneficially than the original EPS. The results suggest that power US is effective for modifying and improving the prebiotic properties of high-MW polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Mao
- Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ang-Xin Song
- Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Long-Qing Li
- Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yao
- Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Li LQ, Song AX, Yin JY, Siu KC, Wong WT, Wu JY. Anti-inflammation activity of exopolysaccharides produced by a medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1 in cell and animal models. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1042-1050. [PMID: 32035153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by a medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1. The EPS was isolated from the Cs-HK1 mycelial fermentation broth by ethanol precipitation and purified by deproteinization and dialysis. The EPS had a total sugar content of 74.8% and a maximum average molecular weight (MW) over 107 Da, and consisted mainly of glucose and mannose, and a small amount of galactose and ribose. In THP-1 and RAW264.7 cell cultures, EPS significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses of the cells including the release of NF-κB and several pro-inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-α and IL-1β. In the murine model of LPS-induced acute intestinal injury, the oral administration of EPS to the animals effectively suppressed the expression of major inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 and iNOS and alleviated the intestinal injury. The results suggest that the Cs-HK1 EPS has notable anti-inflammatory activity and can be a potential candidate for further development of new anti-septic therapeutics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the anti-inflammation of an EPS from C. sinensis fungal fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Qing Li
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ang-Xin Song
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ka-Chai Siu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Mao YH, Song AX, Li LQ, Siu KC, Yao ZP, Wu JY. Effects of exopolysaccharide fractions with different molecular weights and compositions on fecal microflora during in vitro fermentation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 144:76-84. [PMID: 31837366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the potential prebiotic function of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from a medicinal fungus and the relationship to the molecular properties by in vitro human fecal fermentation. The EPS from Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1 mycelial fermentation was processed into three fractions with different monosaccharide contents, a higher molecular weight (MW) and a lower MW attained by two-step ethanol precipitation, and an intermediate MW by ultrasound-degradation of EPS. All the EPS fractions were well utilized during 24-48 h of fecal fermentation, leading to significant increases in the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. The consumption rate and production level of SCFAs varied slightly with the different EPS fractions. The EPS also influenced the composition and diversity of the fecal microflora, increasing the relative abundance of Firmicutes but suppressing that of Proteobacteria, which may be a beneficial effect for human health. Overall the results have shown that the Cs-HK1 EPS has significant prebiotic activity which is dependent on its molecular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Mao
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ang-Xin Song
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Long-Qing Li
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Chai Siu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhong-Ping Yao
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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34
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Mingyi Y, Belwal T, Devkota HP, Li L, Luo Z. Trends of utilizing mushroom polysaccharides (MPs) as potent nutraceutical components in food and medicine: A comprehensive review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Hu YN, Sung TJ, Chou CH, Liu KL, Hsieh LP, Hsieh CW. Characterization and Antioxidant Activities of Yellow Strain Flammulina velutipes (Jinhua Mushroom) Polysaccharides and Their Effects on ROS Content in L929 Cell. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080298. [PMID: 31405147 PMCID: PMC6720607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellow strain Flammulina velutipes, which is known as Jinhua mushroom in Taiwan, has become popular among customers due to its distinct texture that is utterly different from white strain F. velutipes. However, there has been little study on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities, and biological functions of yellow strain F. velutipes polysaccharides (FVYs). The specific aims of this study are to evaluate and compare the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities, and biological functions of FVYs and white strain F. velutipes polysaccharides (FVWs) in order to select the strain appropriate for cosmetic ingredient. The FVYs and FVWs were prepared by fractional precipitation (40%, 60%, and 80%). According to the results, FVY-80 showed the greatest antioxidant activities based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 2.22 mg/mL) and 2,2' -azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical assay (IC50 = 2.04 mg/mL). None of the fractions exhibited cytotoxicity toward L929 cell under a concentration of 500 μ g/mL. FVY-80 significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in L929 cell by 55.96%, as compared with the H2O2-induced L929 cell, according to the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. In conclusion, we suggest that FVY-80 is the best source for a cosmetics ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Hu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jung Sung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Chou
- DR JOU BIOTECH CO., LTD, No.21, Lugong S. 2nd Rd., Lukang Township, Changhua Country 505, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lun Liu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Po Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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36
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Yuan Y, Li C, Zheng Q, Wu J, Zhu K, Shen X, Cao J. Effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro on the antioxidant activity, molecular weight and microstructure of polysaccharides from a tropical sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota). Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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An J, Yang C, Li Z, Finn PW, Perkins DL, Sun J, Bai Z, Gao L, Zhang M, Ren D. In vitro antioxidant activities of Rhodobacter sphaeroides and protective effect on Caco-2 cell line model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:917-927. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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38
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Hu X, Goff HD. Fractionation of polysaccharides by gradient non-solvent precipitation: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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Chang CK, Ho WJ, Chang SL, Yeh CH, Liang ZC, Hsu TH, Hsieh CW. Fractionation, characterization and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharide from fermentation broth of a Xylaria nigripes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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40
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Olatunji OJ, Tang J, Tola A, Auberon F, Oluwaniyi O, Ouyang Z. The genus Cordyceps : An extensive review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:293-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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41
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Prathyusha A, Mohana Sheela G, Bramhachari P. Chemical characterization and antioxidant properties of exopolysaccharides from mangrove filamentous fungi Fusarium equiseti ANP2. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 19:e00277. [PMID: 30197873 PMCID: PMC6127374 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A filamentous fungi F. equiseti strain ANP2 with good exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield, apparent viscosity was screened and isolated from Krishna estuarine mangrove sediments. Based on molecular characteristics the selected strain was confirmed as F. equiseti, yielded EPS (4.9 ± 0.25 g/L) and whole cell biomass (3.5 ± 0.2 g/L) in MSM during early stationary phase. The crude EPS was purified by chromatography of Q-Sepharose and Superdex-75, affording Ms and MF-1 fractions were obtained, respectively. Chemical analyses revealed that EPS is primarily composed of neutral sugars and proteins. FTIR-spectroscopy revealed presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl groups and glycosidic bonds which correspond to typical heteropolysaccharide. GC analysis demonstrated that MF-1 mainly consist of mannose (72.6%) and glucose (27.3%). Viscosity studies exhibited typical non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behaviour with high viscosity. The scavenging ability on hydroxyl radicals, indicate that MF-1-EPS has good antioxidant activity. Current study demonstrated that MF-1 differed from previously characterized Fusarium sp., and can serve as potential antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M.V.N. Prathyusha
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, AP, 52100, India
| | - G. Mohana Sheela
- Departmnt of Biotecnology, Vignan University, Vadlamudi, Guntur, AP, 522213, India
| | - P.V. Bramhachari
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, AP, 52100, India
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42
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Ca 2+ -aided separation of polysaccharides and proteins by microfiltration: Implications for sludge processing. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Song AX, Mao YH, Siu KC, Wu JY. Bifidogenic effects of Cordyceps sinensis fungal exopolysaccharide and konjac glucomannan after ultrasound and acid degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:587-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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44
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Mao YH, Song AX, Yao ZP, Wu JY. Protective effects of natural and partially degraded konjac glucomannan on Bifidobacteria against antibiotic damage. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:368-375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Sevgi F, Bagkesici U, Kursunlu AN, Guler E. Fe (III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of schiff bases based-on glycine and phenylalanine: Synthesis, magnetic/thermal properties and antimicrobial activity. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Huynh TTM, Phung TV, Stephenson SL, Tran HTM. Biological activities and chemical compositions of slime tracks and crude exopolysaccharides isolated from plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum and Physarella oblonga. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:76. [PMID: 29121887 PMCID: PMC5679387 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The myxomycetes derive their common name (slime molds) from the multinucleate trophic stage (plasmodium) in the life cycle, which typically produces a noticeable amount of slimy materials, some of which is normally left behind as a "slime track" as the plasmodium migrates over the surface of a particular substrate. The study reported herein apparently represents the first attempt to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of slime tracks and the exopolysaccharides (EPS) which cover the surface of the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum and Physarella oblonga. RESULTS Chemical analyses indicated that the slime tracks and samples of the EPS consist largely of carbohydrates, proteins and various sulphate groups. Galactose, glucose and rhamnose are the monomers of the cabohydrates present. The slime tracks of both species and the EPS of Phy. oblonga contained rhamnose, but the EPS of Ph. polycephalum had glucose as the major monomer. In term of biological activities, the slime tracks displayed no antimicrobial activity, low anticancer activity and only moderate antioxidant activity. However, EPSs from both species showed remarkable antimicrobial activities, especially toward Candida albicans (zone of inhibition ≥20 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of this fungus were found to be 2560 μg/mL and 1280 μg/mL for EPS from Phy. oblonga and Ph. polycephalum, respectively. These EPS samples also showed moderate antioxidant activities. However, they both displayed cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells. Notably, EPS isolated from the plasmodium of Phy. oblonga inhibited the cell growth of MCF-7 and HepG2 at the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.22 and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS EPS from Ph. polycephalum plasmodium could be a potential source of antifungal compounds, and EPS from Phy. oblonga could be a potential source of anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen T M Huynh
- School of Biotechnology, International University, VNU-HCM, Block 6, LinhTrung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Trung V Phung
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 01-Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Steven L Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Hanh T M Tran
- School of Biotechnology, International University, VNU-HCM, Block 6, LinhTrung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
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Zhang P, Roytrakul S, Sutheerawattananonda M. Production and purification of glucosamine and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from mushroom hydrolysates. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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48
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Construction of a Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide-conjugated selenium nanoparticles and enhancement of their antioxidant activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:483-491. [PMID: 28274870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide (EPS)-conjugated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were successfully constructed through the reduction of SeO32-. The EPS-SeNPs were characterized in terms of formation, morphology, size, Se distribution and phase by UV-vis, FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements. Results revealed that the SeNPs conjugated to EPS were amorphous and could be well dispersed at a size range of 80-125nm. The interactions between the OH groups of EPS and SeNPs substituted for intermolecular interaction in native EPS to form new CO⋯Se bonds, resulting in good dispersion of SeNPs in the EPS matrix. Besides, the EPS-SeNPs at different Se/P ratios exhibited significant scavenging ability on superoxide anion radical (O2-) and ABTS radical cation (ABTS+) when compared to pure EPS, indicating that the conjugated SeNPs reinforced antioxidant effect of EPS. This work not only provides a simple and efficient way to construct well-dispersed SeNPs in aqueous system, and demonstrates the vital role of the EPS as a biopolymer template for dispersion, stabilization and size control of SeNPs, but also finds the EPS-SeNPs can potentially serve as a good antioxidant towards O2- and ABTS+.
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Enhanced exopolysaccharide production and biological activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ZY with calcium and hydrogen peroxide. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jian W, Zhang L, Siu KC, Song A, Wu JY. Formation and Physiochemical Properties of Silver Nanoparticles with Various Exopolysaccharides of a Medicinal Fungus in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2016; 22:molecules22010050. [PMID: 28036086 PMCID: PMC6155925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are the most widely used biopolymers for green synthesis of eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In a previous study, a high molecular weight (MW) fraction of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by a medicinal fungus Cs-HK1 has been shown useful for green and facile synthesis of AgNPs in water. This study was to further evaluate the effects of molecular properties of EPS on the formation, stability and properties of AgNPs with different EPS fractions at various pH conditions. Three EPS fractions (P0.5, P2.0 and P5.0: MW high to low and protein content low to high) were reacted with silver nitrate at various pH 3.0-8.0 in water. The most favorable pH range was 5.5-8.0 for the formation and stable dispersion of AgNPs. At a given pH, the maximum amount of AgNPs was produced with P5.0, and the minimum with P0.5. The shape, size and physiochemical properties of AgNPs were strongly affected by the molecular characteristics of EPS (MW and conformation). The results may be helpful for understanding the factors and mechanisms for formation of stable AgNPs with natural polysaccharides and the interactions between AgNPs and the polysaccharide hydrocolloids in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Jian
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka-Chai Siu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Angxin Song
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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