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Gao W, Chen X, Wu S, Jin L, Chen X, Mao G, Wan X, Xing W. Monascus red pigments alleviate high-fat and high-sugar diet-induced NAFLD in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5762-5775. [PMID: 39139961 PMCID: PMC11317676 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Monascus red pigments (MRP) may have benefits against NAFLD with an unclear mechanism. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of MRP supplementation against NAFLD through regulation of gut microbiota and metabolites. The C57BL/6 mice animals were randomly allocated into the normal diet (NC), HFHS diet-induced NAFLD model, and MRP intervention group fed with HFHS diet. Serum lipid profiles and liver function parameters were measured. Liver and colon histopathology analysis was conducted to determine the injury in the liver and colon. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to analyze gut microbial composition from fecal samples. Untargeted metabonomics was performed to analyze changes in metabolites in serum and fecal samples. MRP supplementation significantly improved the HFHS-induced alterations in body weight, lipid profiles, and liver function (p < .01). MRP supplementation decreased the abundance of Akkermansia, Candidatus saccharimonas, Dubosiella, and Oscillibacter, while increasing Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and Rikenella in mice fed the HFHS diet. Furthermore, MRP supplementation improved the serum and fecal metabolic profiles induced by the HFHS diet, primarily involving the arachidonic acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, and adipocyte lipolysis pathways. Liver function and lipid profiles were closely associated with the abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Oscillibacter, Akkemansia, and Desulfovibrio (p < .01). These findings revealed that MRP supplementation may help restore gut microbiota composition and balance its metabolites, thereby improving NAFLD. This study presents a novel outlook on the potential benefits of MRP supplementation in ameliorating NAFLD and supports the application of MRP as a new functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Gao
- School of PharmacyHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Xinghao Chen
- School of PharmacyHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Shaokang Wu
- Department of PharmacyQingdao Sixth People's HospitalQingdaoChina
| | - Lu Jin
- School of PharmacyHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Xu Chen
- School of PharmacyHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoqing Wan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Wenmin Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
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Yi Y, Jin X, Chen M, Coldea TE, Zhao H. Surfactant-mediated bio-manufacture: A unique strategy for promoting microbial biochemicals production. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108373. [PMID: 38704106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Biochemicals are widely used in the medicine and food industries and are more efficient and safer than synthetic chemicals. The amphipathic surfactants can interact with the microorganisms and embed the extracellular metabolites, which induce microbial metabolites secretion and biosynthesis, performing an attractive prospect of promoting the biochemical production. However, the commonness and differences of surfactant-mediated bio-manufacture in various fields are largely unexplored. Accordingly, this review comprehensively summarized the properties of surfactants, different application scenarios of surfactant-meditated bio-manufacture, and the mechanism of surfactants increasing metabolites production. Various biochemical productions such as pigments, amino acids, and alcohols could be enhanced using the cloud point and the micelles of surfactants. Besides, the amphiphilicity of surfactants also promoted the utilization of fermentation substrates, especially lignocellulose and waste sludge, by microorganisms, indirectly increasing the metabolites production. The increase in target metabolites production was attributed to the surfactants changing the permeability and composition of the cell membrane, hence improving the secretion ability of microorganisms. Moreover, surfactants could regulate the energy metabolism, the redox state and metabolic flow in microorganisms, which induced target metabolites synthesis. This review aimed to broaden the application fields of surfactants and provide novel insights into the production of microbial biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Yi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaofan Jin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Teodora Emilia Coldea
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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3
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Li P, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Jiang X, Wang X, Shi X, Wang W. The effects of environmental factors on the synthesis of water-soluble Monascus red pigments via submerged fermentation: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38591364 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Monascus pigments (MPs) have been used as natural food pigments for many years. There is a high demand for Monascus red pigments (MRPs) to enhance color and for antibacterial and cancer prevention therapies in food and medicine. Most MRPs are not water soluble, and the yield of water-soluble MRPs is naturally low. On the other hand, water-soluble MRP is more cost effective for application in industrial mass production. Therefore, it is important to improve the yield of water-soluble MRPs. Environmental factors have a significant influence on the synthesis of water-soluble MRPs, which is crucial for the development of industrial production of water-soluble MRPs. This review introduces the biosynthetic pathways of water-soluble MRPs and summarizes the effects of environmental factors on the yield of water-soluble MRPs. Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a precursor for MPs synthesis. Carbon and nitrogen sources and the carbon/nitrogen ratio can impact MP production by regulating the metabolic pathway of acetyl-CoA. Optimization of fermentation conditions to change the morphology of Monascus can stimulate the synthesis of MPs. The appropriate choice of nitrogen sources and pH values can promote the synthesis of MRPs from MPs. Additives such as metal ions and non-ionic surfactants can affect the fluidity of Monascus cell membrane and promote the transformation of MRPs into water-soluble MRPs. This review will lay the foundation for the industrial production of water-soluble MRPs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xue Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Wang Z. Terminal carboxylation of branched carbon chain contributing to acidic stability of azaphilone pigments from a new isolate of Talaromyces amestolkiae. Food Chem 2023; 424:136338. [PMID: 37207602 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Red Monascus pigments, a series of natural azaphilone alkaloids, have been utilized in China as a traditional food colorant for over 1000 years. However, instability under an acidic condition is its drawback. A new strain of Talaromyces amestolkiae was isolated in the present work, which produced the azaphilone talaromycorubrin and the corresponding azaphilone alkaloid (N-MSG-talaromycorubramine) exhibiting good stability even at pH below 3. The azaphilone alkaloid with acidic stability, an alternative of Chinese traditional red Monascus pigments, is potential for application as natural food colorant in acidic foods. The acidic stability of azaphilone alkaloid also benefits for direct fermentation of N-MSG-talaromycorubramine under a low pH condition. More importantly, correlation relationship between the terminal carboxylation of branched carbon chain of azaphilone and the stability of azaphilone alkaloids under an acidic condition is set up for the first time, which makes designing other acidic stable azaphilone alkaloids via genetic engineering become possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Yin S, Yang D, Zhu Y, Huang B. Methionine and S-Adenosylmethionine Regulate Monascus Pigments Biosynthesis in Monascus purpureus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:921540. [PMID: 35774468 PMCID: PMC9237499 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.921540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid metabolism could exert regulatory effects on Monascus pigments (MPs) biosynthesis. In this work, MPs biosynthesis regulated by methionine and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) was investigated in Monascus purpureus RP2. The results indicated that the addition of methionine in fermentation significantly reduced MPs production by 60–70%, and it induced a higher expression of SAM synthetase Mon2A2272 and consequently led to SAM accumulation. However, the addition of SAM in fermentation promoted MPs production by a maximum of 35%, while over-expression of the gene Mon2A2272 led to a decrease in MPs yield, suggesting that SAM synthetase and SAM were likely to play different regulatory roles in MPs biosynthesis. Furthermore, the gene transcription profile indicated that SAM synthetase expression led to a higher expression of the transcriptional regulatory protein of the MPs biosynthesis gene cluster, while the addition of SAM gave rise to a higher expression of MPs biosynthesis activator and the global regulator LaeA, which probably accounted for changes in MPs production and the mycelium colony morphology of M. purpureus RP2 triggered by methionine and SAM. This work proposed a possible regulation mechanism of MPs biosynthesis by SAM metabolism from methionine. The findings provided a new perspective for a deep understanding of MPs biosynthesis regulation in M. purpureus.
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Effects of Monascus purpureus-fermented tartary buckwheat extract on the blood lipid profile, glucose tolerance and antioxidant enzyme activities in KM mice. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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7
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Shi J, Qin X, Zhao Y, Sun X, Yu X, Feng Y. Strategies to enhance the production efficiency of Monascus pigments and control citrinin contamination. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Sánchez Muñoz S, Rocha Balbino T, Mier Alba E, Gonçalves Barbosa F, Tonet de Pier F, Lazuroz Moura de Almeida A, Helena Balan Zilla A, Antonio Fernandes Antunes F, Terán Hilares R, Balagurusamy N, César Dos Santos J, Silvério da Silva S. Surfactants in biorefineries: Role, challenges & perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126477. [PMID: 34864172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) as feedstock has received increasing attention as an alternative to fossil-based refineries. Initial steps such as pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are essential to breakdown the complex structure of LCB to make the sugar molecules available to obtain bioproducts by fermentation. However, these steps increase the cost of the bioproduct and often reduces its competitiveness against synthetic products. Currently, the use of surfactants has shown considerable potential to enhance lignocellulosic biomass processing. This review addresses the main mechanisms and role of surfactants as key molecules in various steps of biorefinery processes, viz., increasing the removal of lignin and hemicellulose during the pretreatments, increasing enzymatic stability and enhancing the accessibility of enzymes to the polymeric fractions, and improving the downstream process during fermentation. Further, technical advances, challenges in application of surfactants, and future perspectives to augment the production of several high value-added bioproducts have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Sánchez Muñoz
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Thércia Rocha Balbino
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Edith Mier Alba
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gonçalves Barbosa
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Tonet de Pier
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Lazuroz Moura de Almeida
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Balan Zilla
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Antonio Fernandes Antunes
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Ruly Terán Hilares
- Laboratório de Materiales, Universidad Católica de Santa María - UCSM. Urb. San José, San José s/n, Yanahuara, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Nagamani Balagurusamy
- Bioremediation laboratory. Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila (UA de C), Torreón Campus, 27000 Coah, México
| | - Júlio César Dos Santos
- Biopolymers, bioreactors, and process simulation laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Bioprocesses and sustainable products laboratory. Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), 12.602.810. Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Liu L, Wang Z. Azaphilone alkaloids: prospective source of natural food pigments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 106:469-484. [PMID: 34921328 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Azaphilone, biosynthesized by polyketide synthase, is a class of fungal metabolites. In this review, after brief introduction of the natural azaphilone diversity, we in detail discussed azaphilic addition reaction involving conversion of natural azaphilone into the corresponding azaphilone alkaloid. Then, setting red Monascus pigments (a traditional food colorant in China) as example, we presented a new strategy, i.e., interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with living microbial metabolism in a one-pot process, to produce azaphilone alkaloid with a specified amine residue (red Monascus pigments) during submerged culture. Benefit from the red Monascus pigments with a specified amine residue, the influence of primary amine on characteristics of the food colorant was highlighted. Finally, the progress for screening of alternative azaphilone alkaloids (production from interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with submerged culture of Talaromyces sp. or Penicillium sp.) as natural food colorant was reviewed. KEY POINTS: • Azaphilic addition reaction of natural azaphilone is biocompatible • Red Monascus pigment is a classic example of azaphilone alkaloids • Azaphilone alkaloids are alterative natural food colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Wu S, Liu L, Zhang X, Wang Z. Submerged culture of Penicillium sclerotiorum for production of rotiorin alkaloids by using biosynthetic and chemical catalytic cascade reactions. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Liu J, Wu J, Cai X, Zhang S, Liang Y, Lin Q. Regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Monascus purpureus via cofactor metabolic engineering strategies. Food Microbiol 2020; 95:103689. [PMID: 33397619 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of cofactor metabolism on secondary metabolite production in M. purpureus through the application of different cofactor engineering strategies. Total pigment production dramatically increased by 39.08% and 40.89%, and yellow pigment production increased by 74.62% and 114.06% after the addition of 1.0 mg/L of the exogenous cofactor reagents methyl viologen and rotenone, respectively, in submerged batch-fermentation. The extracellular red pigment tone changed to yellow with the application of electrolytic stimulation at 800 mV/cm2, but almost no citrinin production was detected. In addition, the total pigment, yellow pigment and citrinin production increased by 35.46%, 54.89% and 6.27% after disruption of the nuoⅠ gene that encodes NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, respectively. Thus, cofactor metabolic engineering strategies could be extended to the industrial production of Monascus pigment or high yellow pigment with free citrinin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Jingyan Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Xinru Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Song Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Ying Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and By-products, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
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12
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Zhang C, Zhu Q, Zhang H, Zhang N, Yang X, Shi J, Sun B, Wang C. Effects on the sporulation and secondary metabolism yields of Monascus purpureus with mokH gene deletion and overexpression. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:661-670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Venil CK, Velmurugan P, Dufossé L, Renuka Devi P, Veera Ravi A. Fungal Pigments: Potential Coloring Compounds for Wide Ranging Applications in Textile Dyeing. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E68. [PMID: 32443916 PMCID: PMC7344934 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic pigments/non-renewable coloring sources used normally in the textile industry release toxic substances into the environment, causing perilous ecological challenges. To be safer from such challenges of synthetic colorants, academia and industries have explored the use of natural colorants such as microbial pigments. Such explorations have created a fervent interest among textile stakeholders to undertake the dyeing of textile fabrics, especially with fungal pigments. The biodegradable and sustainable production of natural colorants from fungal sources stand as being comparatively advantageous to synthetic dyes. The prospective scope of fungal pigments has emerged in the opening of many new avenues in textile colorants for wide ranging applications. Applying the biotechnological processes, fungal pigments like carotenoids, melanins, flavins, phenazines, quinones, monascins, violacein, indigo, etc. could be extracted on an industrial scale. This review appraises the studies and applications of various fungal pigments in dyeing textile fabrics and is furthermore shedding light on the importance of toxicity testing, genetic manipulations of fungal pigments, and their future perspectives under biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palanivel Velmurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University – Science Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India; (P.V.); (A.V.R.)
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- CHEMBIOPRO Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, ESIROI Département agroalimentaire, Université de la Réunion, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, Indian Ocean, France
| | - Ponnuswamy Renuka Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Regional Campus – Coimbatore, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University – Science Campus, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India; (P.V.); (A.V.R.)
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Li L, Chen S, Gao M, Ding B, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Yang H, Wu Q, Chen F. Acidic conditions induce the accumulation of orange Monascus pigments during liquid-state fermentation of Monascus ruber M7. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8393-8402. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Zhou W, Guo R, Guo W, Hong J, Li L, Ni L, Sun J, Liu B, Rao P, Lv X. Monascus yellow, red and orange pigments from red yeast rice ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Wistar rats fed on a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2019; 10:1073-1084. [PMID: 30720827 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the hypolipidaemic activities of different Monascus pigments (yellow, red and orange pigments) and elucidate their possible regulatory mechanisms on lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). Results showed that oral administrations of Monascus yellow, red and orange pigments can markedly alleviate the disturbance of lipid metabolism through ameliorating the serum lipid levels and suppressing hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. Meanwhile, the excretion of fecal cholesterol, triacylglycerols and bile acids was also promoted by the oral administrations of different Monascus pigments (MPs). Furthermore, Monascus pigment (MP) supplementation produced significant structural changes in the intestinal microbiota of HFD-fed rats, and modulated the relative abundance of functionally related microbial phylotypes compared with the HFD group in particular. Key phylotypes in response to the HFD and Monascus pigment (MP) intervention were found to strongly correlate with the lipid metabolism disorder associated parameters using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Some beneficial gut microbiota (such as Oscillibacter sp., Ruminococcus albus, Clostridium sp., etc.) were found to be negatively correlated with the serum and hepatic lipid indicator. Moreover, Monascus pigment (MP) treatments regulated the mRNA expression levels of the genes responsible for lipid and cholesterol metabolism. In general, different Monascus pigments (MPs) regulate the homeostasis of lipid and cholesterol metabolism through different regulatory pathways. These findings illustrated that not only Monascus yellow pigments, but also Monascus red and orange pigments have the potential to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders, and therefore could be used as potential functional food ingredients for the prevention or treatment of hyperlipidemia and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.
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Huang Y, Liu L, Zheng G, Zhang X, Wang Z. Efficient production of red Monascus pigments with single non-natural amine residue by in situ chemical modification. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:13. [PMID: 30603886 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi Monascus sp. has been utilized for fermentative production of food colorant (Red Yeast Rice) for more than 1000 years in China. The main colorant components of Red Yeast Rice are mixture of red Monascus pigments (RMPs) with various primary amine residues. In the present work, the non-natural primary amine p-aminobenzamide, exhibiting as non-involved in nitrogen microbial metabolism, nontoxicity to microbial cells, and chemical reactivity with orange Monascus pigments (OMPs), was screened. Based on the screened result, RMPs with the single p-aminobenzamide residue were produced by cell suspension culture in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution via in situ chemical modification of OMPs. Furthermore, in situ chemical modification of OMPs also provided a strategy for maintaining a relatively low OMP concentration and then efficient accumulation of high concentration of RMPs (3.3 g/l).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gaowei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Gu B, Xie H, Zhang X, Wang Z. Merging of a chemical reaction with microbial metabolism viainverse phase transfer catalysis for efficient production of red Monascuspigments. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cascade reactions,i.e., biosynthesis of OMPs and chemical modification of hydrophobic OMPs with water-soluble MSG, are carried out successfully by IPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Haisheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Liu L, Zhao J, Huang Y, Xin Q, Wang Z. Diversifying of Chemical Structure of Native Monascus Pigments. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3143. [PMID: 30622522 PMCID: PMC6308397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Red Yeast Rice, produced by solid state fermentation of Monascus species on rice, is a traditional food additive and traditional Chinese medicine. With the introduction of modern microbiology and biotechnology to the traditional edible filamentous fungi Monascus species, it has been revealed that the production of red colorant by fermentation of Monascus species involves the biosynthesis of orange Monascus pigments and further chemical modification of orange Monascus pigments into the corresponding derivates with various amine residues. Further study indicates that non-Monascus species also produce Monascus pigments as well as Monascus-like pigments. Based on the chemical modification of orange Monascus pigments, the diversification of native Monascus pigments, including commercial food additives of Red Monascus Pigments® and Yellow Monascus Pigments® in Chinese market, was reviewed. Furthermore, Monascus pigments as well as their derivates as enzyme inhibitors for anti-obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia was also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixing Zhao
- Shandong Zhonghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Binzhou, China
| | - Yaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Metabolism and secretion of yellow pigment under high glucose stress with Monascus ruber. AMB Express 2017; 7:79. [PMID: 28401504 PMCID: PMC5388664 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of microbial secondary metabolites is induced by a wide range of environmental stresses. In this study, submerged fermentation of Monascus yellow pigments by Monascus ruber CGMCC 10910 under high glucose stress was investigated. The increase of lipid content was the major contributor to the increase of dry cell weight (DCW), and the lipid-free DCW was only slightly changed under high glucose stress, which benefited the accumulation of intracellular hydrophobic pigments. The fatty acid composition analysis in Monascus cell membranes showed that high glucose stress significantly increased the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acid and the index of unsaturated fatty acid (IUFA) value, which would improve the fluidity and permeability of the cell membrane. As a consequence, high glucose stress increased extracellular yellow pigments production by enhancing secretion and trans-membrane conversion of intracellular pigments to the broth. The total yield of extracellular and intracellular yellow pigments per unit of lipid-free DCW increased by 94.86 and 26.31% under high glucose stress compared to conventional fermentation, respectively. A real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression of the pigment biosynthetic gene cluster was up-regulated under high glucose stress. The gene mppE, which is associated with yellow pigment biosynthesis, was significantly up-regulated. These results indicated that high glucose stress can shift the Monascus pigment biosynthesis pathway to accumulate yellow pigments and lead to a high yield of both extracellular and intracellular yellow pigments. These findings have potential application in commercial Monascus yellow pigment production.
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Lu F, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wang Z. Biocatalytic activity of Monascus mycelia depending on physiology and high sensitivity to product concentration. AMB Express 2017; 7:88. [PMID: 28452040 PMCID: PMC5407408 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell suspension culture using mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst for production of orange Monascus pigments has been carried out successfully in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. Thus, selection of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst and the corresponding enzymatic kinetics for production of orange Monascus pigments can be optimized independently. Mycelia selected from submerged culture in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution with low pH 2.5 exhibits robust bioactivity. At the same time, enzymatic kinetic study shows that the bioactivity of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst is sensitive to high product concentration. Segregation of product from mycelia by cell suspension culture in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution or peanut oil–water two-phase system is not only necessary for studying the enzymatic kinetics but also beneficial to industrial application of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst.
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Lu F, Liu L, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wang Z. Production of Monascus pigments as extracellular crystals by cell suspension culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:677-687. [PMID: 29177624 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that Monascus pigments are predominantly cell-bound, including both intracellular and surface-bound pigments. This long-term misconception was corrected in the present work. Production of extracellular crystal pigments by submerged culture of Monascus sp. was confirmed by microscopic observation and collection of Monascus pigments from extracellular broth by direct membrane filtration. Following up the new fact, the bioactivity of mycelia as whole-cell biocatalyst for biosynthesis and biodegradation of Monascus pigments had been detailedly examined in both an aqueous solution and a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. Based on those experimental results, cell suspension culture in an aqueous medium was developed as a novel strategy for accumulation of high concentration of Monascus pigments. Thus, glucose feeding during submerged culture in the aqueous medium was carried out successfully and high orange Monascus pigments concentration of near 4 g/L was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Lu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaolin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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Lv J, Zhang BB, Liu XD, Zhang C, Chen L, Xu GR, Cheung PCK. Enhanced production of natural yellow pigments from Monascus purpureus by liquid culture: The relationship between fermentation conditions and mycelial morphology. J Biosci Bioeng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Isolation of ionizable red Monascus pigments after extractive fermentation in nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wang B, Zhang X, Wu Z, Wang Z. Investigation of relationship between lipid and Monascus pigment accumulation by extractive fermentation. J Biotechnol 2015; 212:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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