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Liang E, Ali A, Su J, Xu L, Huang T, Yang Y, Liu Y. Treatment of micro-polluted water with low C/N ratio by immobilized bioreactor using PVA/sintered ores@sponge cube: Performance effects and potential removal pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162003. [PMID: 36737021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of industrial products containing lead (Pb2+) and tetracycline (TC) medications led to the combined pollution of nitrate, Pb2+, and TC in water. A novel biomaterial containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sponge cube with sintered ores (PVA/sintered ores@sponge cube) was prepared to ensure the maximum NO3--N removal efficiency (96.21 %) of the bioreactor under the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7.0 h, pH of 6.0, and the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) of 1.5 that had the ability to remove TC and Pb2+ synergistically. Composite pollutants slightly decreased denitrification performance in the combined pollution system on account of the addition of sintered ores. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the sintered ores in the biocarrier induced denitrification and the adsorption of bio‑iron oxides were involved in the removal of TC and Pb2+. The simultaneous removal of composite pollutants during denitrification was facilitated by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM). In addition, high-throughput sequencing results showed that Zoogloea had the highest proportion in the bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enlei Liang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yuzhu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Liu X, Wei J, Wu Y, Zhang J, Xing L, Zhang Y, Pan G, Li J, Xu M, Li J. Performances and mechanisms of microbial nitrate removal coupling sediment-based biochar and nanoscale zero-valent iron. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126523. [PMID: 34896530 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized microorganism technology has attracted increasing attention for high concentration of microbes, low cell loss and high resistance to impact of environment. The microbial reduction of nitrate in the presence of sediment-based biochar (SBC) and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) was investigated in four different free systems. NZVI-SBC/bacteria system realized the best nitrate removal of 97.61% within 3 days through the synergistic effect of SBC and nZVI on denitrifying bacteria. Accumulation of nitrite and ammonium in nZVI-SBC/bacteria system also decreased. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the proportion of denitrifying bacteria in microbial community structure increased after adding nZVI-SBC. The performance of nitrate removal was then studied through PVA/SA-immobilization. Immobilized active pellets performed better nitrate removal (98.89%) and stronger tolerance under different conditions than the free bacterial cells. Overall, this study provided a promising approach by utilizing SBC and nZVI for the bio-remediation of nitrate-contaminated water in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jia Wei
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yaodong Wu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Luyi Xing
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengdie Xu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang S, Peng Y. Applicability of two-stage anoxic/oxic shortcut nitrogen removal via partial nitrification and partial denitrification for municipal wastewater by adding sludge fermentation products continuously. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132053. [PMID: 34826887 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitrification and partial denitrification combined with anammox is a promising process for sewage treatment. In this study, real municipal wastewater was treated in a continuous two-stage anoxic/oxic (A/O) reactor. External mixed sludge fermentation products were added in the anoxic zone, simultaneously achieving partial nitrification and partial denitrification and achieving a high and relatively stable accumulation of nitrite. The maximum accumulation rates of NO2--N in A1.2 and A2.1-A2.4 zones of the reactor reached 70% and 61%-37%, respectively, which improved denitrification efficiency and created conditions that supported the coupling of subsequent anammox. The influent nitrogen load of the system was 0.078 kg/(m3•d), and the mean influent and effluent total nitrogen were 51 and 12 mg/L, respectively. The mean total nitrogen removal rate reached 76%. Further analysis revealed that Hyphomicrobium (incomplete denitrifiers) and Nitrosomonas (ammonia oxidizing bacteria) were enriched, which may have facilitated the high nitrite accumulation. Moreover, the batch test showed that adding sludge fermentation during denitrification significantly suppressed nitrite reduction, resulting in the nitrite accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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Wen Q, Su J, Li G, Huang T, Xue L, Bai Y. Performance and microbial community of a novel PVA/iron-carbon (Fe–C) immobilized bioreactor for nitrate removal from groundwater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2020-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An efficient immobilized denitrification bioreactor functioning under anaerobic conditions was developed by combining bacterial immobilization technology with iron-carbon (Fe–C) particles. The effects of key factors on nitrate (NO3
−–N) removal efficiency were invested, such as the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Experimental results show that 100.00% NO3
−–N removal efficiency and a low level of nitrite (NO2
−–N) accumulation less than 0.05 mg L−1 were obtained under the condition of a C/N ratio of 3, pH 7.0 and HRT of 6 h. Meteorological chromatographic analysis showed that the final product of denitrification was mainly nitrogen (N2). The main component of precipitation formed in the bioreactor was characterized as Fe3O4 by X-ray diffraction. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the dominant bacterial class in the Fe–C bioreactor was Gammaproteobacteria, while the dominant genera were Zoogloea and Azospira, the relative abundances of which were as high as 23.25 and 15.43%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Guoqing Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Lei Xue
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
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Activated sludge under free ammonia treatment using gel immobilization technology for long-term partial nitrification with different initial biomass. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hou LG, Yang QZ, Li J. Electricity Effectively Utilization by Integrating Microbial Fuel Cells with Microbial Immobilization Technology for Denitrification. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang J, Yang H, Liu X, Wang J, Chang J. The impact of temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) on the partial nitrification of immobilized fillers, and application in municipal wastewater. RSC Adv 2020; 10:37194-37201. [PMID: 35521268 PMCID: PMC9057151 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05908k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The immobilized filler realized the partial nitrification of municipal wastewater at low and normal temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Xuyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd
- Beijing 100022
- China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd
- Beijing 100022
- China
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