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Giuliani ME, Bigossi G, Lai G, Marcozzi S, Brunetti D, Malavolta M. Marine Compounds and Age-Related Diseases: The Path from Pre-Clinical Research to Approved Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:210. [PMID: 38786601 PMCID: PMC11123485 DOI: 10.3390/md22050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing represents a main risk factor for several pathologies. Among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are predominant in the elderly population and often require prolonged use of multiple drugs due to their chronic nature and the high proportion of co-morbidities. Hence, research is constantly looking for novel, effective molecules to treat CVD and T2DM with minimal side effects. Marine active compounds, holding a great diversity of chemical structures and biological properties, represent interesting therapeutic candidates to treat these age-related diseases. This review summarizes the current state of research on marine compounds for the treatment of CVD and T2DM, from pre-clinical studies to clinical investigations and approved drugs, highlighting the potential of marine compounds in the development of new therapies, together with the limitations in translating pre-clinical results into human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Giorgia Bigossi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Giovanni Lai
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Serena Marcozzi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Dario Brunetti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20126 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
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Gamero-Vega G, Vásquez-Corales E, Ormeño-Llanos M, Cordova-Ruiz M, Quitral V. Characterization of Red Seaweed Chondracanthus Chamissoi from the Coasts of Perú: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Functional Properties. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:137-142. [PMID: 38206480 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation finds that Chondracanthus chamissoi seaweed abounding in Peruvian coasts is characterized by its nutritional composition, total polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and functional properties such as water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), and swelling capacity (SC). Boiling and steaming were applied before dehydration to evaluate the effect of these thermal treatments, keeping a control sample. The results indicated that the control dried seaweed sample presented 20.2 ± 0.16 g/100 g dw of proteins, 20.0 ± 0.61 g/100 g dw of ash, and 56.6 ± 0.08 g/100 g dw of total dietary fiber. In addition, the control sample presented 1.6 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g of total polyphenol content and 2.4 ± 0.30 mM Trolox mg/g of antioxidant capacity. In boiling samples, the apparent nutrient retention factors for proteins, fat, and dietary fiber are 96, 47 and 74%, respectively. In the steaming sample, the values were 102, 29, and 92%. The boiling before dehydration causes a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in total polyphenols and increases carbohydrates. Steaming before dehydration, a significant (p < 0.05) increase occurs in carbohydrates without significantly altering the concentration of total polyphenols. Regarding the functional properties, C. chamissoi presents 17.6 ± 0.15 g/g of WHC, 2.4 ± 0.78 g/g of OHC, and 9.8 ± 0.75 mL/g of SC. Boiling produces an increase in WHC and OHC; steaming does not affect the properties of the control sample.C. chamissoi seaweed collected from the coasts of Perú is an excellent alternative for use as food and ingredients in processed foods for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulianna Gamero-Vega
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Perú, 02801, Perú
| | - Edison Vásquez-Corales
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Perú, 02801, Perú
| | - Mily Ormeño-Llanos
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Perú, 02801, Perú
| | - Madeleine Cordova-Ruiz
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Perú, 02801, Perú
| | - Vilma Quitral
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, 8370003, Chile.
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El-Sapagh S, El-Shenody R, Pereira L, Elshobary M. Unveiling the Potential of Algal Extracts as Promising Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: In Vitro and In Silico Studies including Molecular Docking. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3324. [PMID: 37765485 PMCID: PMC10537748 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a global challenge due to its virulence and biofilm-forming ability, leading to persistent infections. This study had a dual focus: first, it aimed to investigate the biofilm activity and antibiotic resistance profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from a fish-rearing farm. Second, it explored the potential of algal extracts as effective antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. The study analyzed 23 isolates of P. aeruginosa from the farm, assessing antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of two algal extracts, Arthrospira platensis (cyanobacteria) acetone extract (AAE) and Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodophyta) methanol extract (PME), were tested individually and combined (COE). The effects on biofilm-related gene expression were examined. AAE, PME, and COE were evaluated for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Biofilm-related gene expression was measured and the extracts were analyzed for physicochemical properties and toxicity. Most P. aeruginosa isolates (86.9%) were antibiotic-resistant and formed biofilms. AAE, PME, and COE displayed promising antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, with COE being particularly effective. COE reduced a key biofilm-related gene expression. The fatty acid content (56% in AAE and 34% in PME) correlated with the effects. Specific compounds, such as phytol, bromophenol, and dihydroxy benzaldehyde, contributed to the activities. The extracts showed favorable characteristics and interactions with FabZ protein amino acids. This study suggests the potential of algal extracts as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents against drug-resistant infections. Further exploration in clinical applications is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa El-Sapagh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Rania El-Shenody
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Mostafa Elshobary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
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Chen J, Zhou Z, Li P, Ye S, Li W, Li M, Zhu L, Ding Y. Investigation of the Potential Phlorotannins and Mechanism of Six Brown Algae in Treating Type II Diabetes Mellitus Based on Biological Activity, UPLC-QE-MS/MS, and Network Pharmacology. Foods 2023; 12:3000. [PMID: 37627999 PMCID: PMC10453309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has developed into an important health concern worldwide. The discovery of phlorotannins and their efficacy in the treatment of T2DM has become a hotspot for research in various fields. In this study, the potential phlorotannins and mechanism of six brown algae against T2DM were in-depth investigated using biological activity assays, LC-MS, and network pharmacology. First, the ethyl acetate fraction (EA frac.) showed high polyphenolic content and possessed significantly antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory abilities. Further, a total of fifty-nine peaks were obtained from six EA fracs. via UPLC-QE-MS/MS analysis, and fifteen of them were identified as phlorotannins and their isomers or derivatives. In detail, the chemical structures of six phlorotannins were inferred as dibenzodioxine-1,3,6,8-tetraol, bifuhalol, dioxinodehydroeckol, eckol, fucofurodiphlorethol, and fucotriphlorethol; three phlorotannin isomers were deduced to be fucophlorethol, trifucol, triphlorethol A, or triphlorethol B; and the phlorotannin derivative of m/z 263 was determined to be dibenzodioxine-1,2,3,6,8-pentanol or dibenzodioxine-1,2,4,5,7-pentanol. Moreover, 43 T2DM-related targets acted on by these chemicals were identified, and the function of phlorotannin to prevent and treat T2DM was elucidated in a holistic way based on the established compound-target-disease network, and GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zheng Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China;
| | - Ping Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shuhong Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Ding
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
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Bajaj S, Gupta S. Nutraceuticals: A Promising Approach Towards Diabetic Neuropathy. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:581-595. [PMID: 36263482 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666221018090024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various nutraceuticals from different sources have various beneficial actions and have been reported for many years. The important findings from the research conducted using various nutraceuticals exhibiting significant physiological and pharmacological activities have been summarized. METHODS An extensive investigation of literature was done using several worldwide electronic scientific databases like PUBMED, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. The entire manuscript is available in the English language that is used for our various compounds of interest. These databases were thoroughly reviewed and summarized. RESULTS Nutraceuticals obtained from various sources play a vital role in the management of peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes. Treatment with nutraceuticals has been beneficial as an alternative in preventing the progression. In particular, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that a variety of nutraceuticals have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may inhibit the early diabetes-driven molecular mechanisms that induce DPN. CONCLUSION Nutraceuticals obtained from different sources like a plant, an animal, and marine have been properly utilized for the safety of health. In our opinion, this review could be of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective on the management of DPN. Trials with a well-defined patient and symptom selection have shown robust pharmacological design as pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted by the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Bajaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India
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Antony P, Baby B, Aleissaee HM, Vijayan R. A Molecular Modeling Investigation of the Therapeutic Potential of Marine Compounds as DPP-4 Inhibitors. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120777. [PMID: 36547924 PMCID: PMC9788368 DOI: 10.3390/md20120777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose due to insulin resistance or insulin-secretion defects. The development of diabetes is mainly attributed to the interaction of several complex pathogenic, genetic, environmental and metabolic processes. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease that cleaves X-proline dipeptides from the N-terminus of several polypeptides, including natural hypoglycemic incretin hormones. Inhibition of this enzyme restores and maintains glucose homeostasis, making it an attractive drug target for the management of T2DM. Natural products are important sources of bioactive agents for anti-T2DM drug discovery. Marine ecosystems are a rich source of bioactive products and have inspired the development of drugs for various human disorders, including diabetes. Here, structure-based virtual screening and molecular docking were performed to identify antidiabetic compounds from the Comprehensive Marine Natural Products Database (CMNPD). The binding characteristics of two shortlisted compounds, CMNPD13046 and CMNPD17868, were assessed using molecular dynamics simulations. Thus, this study provides insights into the potential antidiabetic activity and the underlying molecular mechanism of two compounds of marine origin. These compounds could be investigated further for the development of potent DPP-4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Antony
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bincy Baby
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamda Mohammed Aleissaee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- The Big Data Analytics Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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Edrispour Z, Homaei A. Exploring in vitro effect of silver nanoparticles and Holothuria parva extracts on kinetic and stability of α- amylase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:885-894. [PMID: 36126095 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Major limitations of synthetic drugs, including high cost, efficacy, and adverse side effects, have prompted researchers to seek more effective and low-cost alternative therapies with fewer adverse effects. Marine life forms are considered the most important sources of biologically active natural products due to their secondary metabolites. In this research, sea cucumber Holothuria parva was collected from coastal areas of Bandar Lengeh, Hormozgan, Iran, and was then subjected to extraction. The results showed that compounds extracted from Holothuria parva had a stimulatory effect on enzyme activity, and in the presence of these compounds, the Vmax value of the enzyme was increased about two times, while the Km value was reduced. The phosphate buffer form of extracts had the greatest impact on enzyme activity. Upon an increase in the concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the α-amylase activity was inhibited in parallel. Silver nanoparticles exhibited the highest enzyme inhibition with an IC50 of 0.86 mg/mL. Silver nanoparticles showed anti-α-amylase activity and had the ability to decrease intestinal glucose uptake in diabetic individuals when prescribed as a novel supplementary medicine. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Edrispour
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Xiang X, Jiang Q, Yang H, Zhou X, Chen Y, Chen H, Liu S, Chen L. A review on shellfish polysaccharides: Extraction, characterization and amelioration of metabolic syndrome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:974860. [PMID: 36176638 PMCID: PMC9513460 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.974860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shellfish are diverse, widely distributed organisms that are a rich source of biological resources. Polysaccharides are an important components in shellfish, hence a great deal of attention has been directed at isolation and characterization of shellfish polysaccharides because of their numerous health benefits. Differences in shellfish species, habits, and environment result in the diversity of the structure and composition of polysaccharides. Thus, shellfish polysaccharides possess special biological activities. Studies have shown that shellfish polysaccharides exert biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immune-regulation, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and antihyperglycemic effects, and are widely used in cosmetics, health products, and medicine. This review spotlights the extraction and purification methods of shellfish polysaccharides and analyses their structures, biological activities and conformational relationships; discusses the regulatory mechanism of shellfish polysaccharides on hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia caused by lipid metabolism disorders; and summarizes its alleviation of lipid metabolism-related diseases. This review provides a reference for the in-depth development and utilization of shellfish polysaccharides as a functional food to regulate lipid metabolism-related diseases. To achieve high value utilization of marine shellfish resources while actively promoting the development of marine biological industry and health industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongshun Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shulai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shulai Liu,
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Lin Chen,
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Fucoxanthin Attenuates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Metabolism/Oxidative Stress/Inflammation via the AMPK/Nrf2/TLR4 Signaling Pathway. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20040225. [PMID: 35447899 PMCID: PMC9027317 DOI: 10.3390/md20040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid abundant in brown algae, is reported to have several biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities, in mice. We investigated the effects and mechanisms of fucoxanthin in the mixture oleate/palmitate = 2/1(FFA)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cell model in this study. The results showed that the content of superoxide dismutase in the FFA group was 9.8 ± 1.0 U/mgprot, while that in the fucoxanthin high-dose (H-Fx) group (2 μg/mL) increased to 22.9 ± 0.6 U/mgprot. The content of interleukin-1β in the FFA group was 89.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL, while that in the H-Fx group was reduced to 53.8 ± 2.8 ng/mL. The above results indicate that fucoxanthin could alleviate the FFA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory levels in the liver cells. Oil red-O staining revealed visible protrusions and a significant decrease in the number of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of cells in the fucoxanthin group. These findings on the mechanisms of action suggest that fucoxanthin can repair FFA-induced NAFLD via the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-mediated (Nrf2) signaling pathway, as well as by downregulating the expression of the Toll-like receptor 4-mediated (TLR4) signaling pathway. Fucoxanthin exhibited alleviating effects in the FFA-induced NAFLD model and could be explored as a potential anti-NAFLD substance.
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Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperglycemic effects of Wattakaka volubilis Linn. f. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Optimized Degradation and Inhibition of α-glucosidase Activity by Gracilaria lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and Its Production In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:md20010013. [PMID: 35049867 PMCID: PMC8777738 DOI: 10.3390/md20010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide (GLP) exhibits good physiological activities, and it is more beneficial as it is degraded. After its degradation by hydrogen peroxide combined with vitamin C (H2O2-Vc) and optimized by Box–Behnken Design (BBD), a new product of GLP-HV will be generated. While using GLP as control, two products of GLP-H (H2O2-treated) and GLP-V (Vc-treated) were also produced. These products chemical characteristics (total sugar content, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, UV spectrum, morphological structure, and hypolipidemic activity in vitro) were assessed. The results showed that the optimal conditions for H2O2-Vc degradation were as follows: H2O2-Vc concentration was 18.7 mM, reaction time was 0.5 h, and reaction temperature was 56 °C. The total sugar content of GLP and its degradation products (GLP-HV, GLP-H and GLP-V) were more than 97%, and their monosaccharides are mainly glucose and galactose. The SEM analysis demonstrated that H2O2-Vc made the structure loose and broken. Moreover, GLP, GLP-HV, GLP-H, and GLP-V had significantly inhibition effect on α-glucosidase, and their IC50 value were 3.957, 0.265, 1.651, and 1.923 mg/mL, respectively. GLP-HV had the best inhibition effect on α-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner, which was the mixed type of competitive and non-competitive. It had a certain quenching effect on fluorescence of α-glucosidase, which may be dynamic quenching.
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Menaa F, Wijesinghe U, Thiripuranathar G, Althobaiti NA, Albalawi AE, Khan BA, Menaa B. Marine Algae-Derived Bioactive Compounds: A New Wave of Nanodrugs? Mar Drugs 2021; 19:484. [PMID: 34564146 PMCID: PMC8469996 DOI: 10.3390/md19090484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine algae are rich in bioactive nutraceuticals (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, fatty acids, antioxidants, and pigments). Biotic (e.g., plants, microorganisms) and abiotic factors (e.g., temperature, pH, salinity, light intensity) contribute to the production of primary and secondary metabolites by algae. Easy, profitable, and sustainable recovery methods include novel solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction techniques (e.g., supercritical, high pressure, microwave, ultrasound, enzymatic). The spectacular findings of algal-mediated synthesis of nanotheranostics has attracted further interest because of the availability of microalgae-based natural bioactive therapeutic compounds and the cost-effective commercialization of stable microalgal drugs. Algal extracts can serve as stabilizing/capping and reducing agents for the synthesis of thermodynamically stable nanoparticles (NPs). Different types of nanotherapeutics have been synthesized using physical, chemical, and biological methods. Marine algae are a fascinating source of lead theranostics compounds, and the development of nanotheranostics has been linked to enhanced drug efficacy and safety. Indeed, algae are remarkable nanobiofactories, and their pragmatic properties reside in their (i) ease of handling; (ii) capacity to absorb/accumulate inorganic metallic ions; (iii) cost-effectiveness; and (iv) capacity of eco-friendly, rapid, and healthier synthesis of NPs. Preclinical and clinical trials shall enable to really define effective algal-based nanotherapies. This review aims to provide an overview of the main algal compounds that are nutraceuticals and that can be extracted and purified for nanotheranostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Menaa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nanomedicine, Fluorotronics-CIC, San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Udari Wijesinghe
- Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, College of Chemical Sciences, Rajagiriya 10107, Sri Lanka; (U.W.); (G.T.)
| | - Gobika Thiripuranathar
- Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, College of Chemical Sciences, Rajagiriya 10107, Sri Lanka; (U.W.); (G.T.)
| | - Norah A. Althobaiti
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Al Quwaiiyah 19257, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aishah E. Albalawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Barkat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Bouzid Menaa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nanomedicine, Fluorotronics-CIC, San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
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Recent developments on production, purification and biological activity of marine peptides. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110468. [PMID: 34399466 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Marine peptides are one of the richest sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds and a considerable attention has been drawn towards their production and bioactivity. However, there is a paucity in consolidation of emerging trends encompassing both production techniques and biological application. Herein, we intend to review the recent advancements on different production, purification and identification technologies used for marine peptides along with presenting their potential health benefits. Bibliometric analysis revealed a growing number of scientific publications on marine peptides (268 documents per year) with both Asia (37.2%) and Europe (33.1%) being the major contributors. Extraction and purification by ultrafiltration and enzymatic hydrolysis, followed by identification by chromatographic techniques coupled with an appropriate detector could yield a high content of peptides with improved bioactivity. Moreover, the multifunctional health benefits exerted by marine peptides including anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-hypertension, anti-diabetes and anti-cancer along with their structure-activity relationship were presented. The future perspective on marine peptide research should focus on finding improved separation and purification technologies with enhanced selectivity and resolution for obtaining more novel peptides with high yield and low cost. In addition, by employing encapsulation strategies such as nanoemulsion and nanoliposome, oral bioavailability and bioactivity of peptides can be greatly enhanced. Also, the potential health benefits that are demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo models should be validated by conducting human clinical trials for a technology transfer from bench to bedside.
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Ahamefule CS, Ezeuduji BC, Ogbonna JC, Moneke AN, Ike AC, Wang B, Jin C, Fang W. Marine Bioactive Compounds against Aspergillus fumigatus: Challenges and Future Prospects. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110813. [PMID: 33207554 PMCID: PMC7698247 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the mortality rate of invasive aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus reaching almost 100% among some groups of patients, and with the rapidly increasing resistance of A. fumigatus to available antifungal drugs, new antifungal agents have never been more desirable than now. Numerous bioactive compounds were isolated and characterized from marine resources. However, only a few exhibited a potent activity against A. fumigatus when compared to the multitude that did against some other pathogens. Here, we review the marine bioactive compounds that display a bioactivity against A. fumigatus. The challenges hampering the discovery of antifungal agents from this rich habitat are also critically analyzed. Further, we propose strategies that could speed up an efficient discovery and broaden the dimensions of screening in order to obtain promising in vivo antifungal agents with new modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuemeka Samson Ahamefule
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (C.S.A.); (B.W.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; (J.C.O.); (A.N.M.); (A.C.I.)
| | | | - James C. Ogbonna
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; (J.C.O.); (A.N.M.); (A.C.I.)
| | - Anene N. Moneke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; (J.C.O.); (A.N.M.); (A.C.I.)
| | - Anthony C. Ike
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria; (J.C.O.); (A.N.M.); (A.C.I.)
| | - Bin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (C.S.A.); (B.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (C.S.A.); (B.W.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (W.F.)
| | - Wenxia Fang
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (C.S.A.); (B.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (W.F.)
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Zeng A, Yang R, Yu S, Zhao W. A novel hypoglycemic agent: polysaccharides from laver (Porphyra spp.). Food Funct 2020; 11:9048-9056. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The laver crude polysaccharides were extracted, purified, and subsequently degraded using H2O2. One low-molecular-weight polysaccharide PD-1 showing the highest inhibition activity against α-amylase might be used as a novel agent for T2DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoqiong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Ruijin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Shuhuai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P.R. China
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