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Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang W, Chang G, Guo L, Li X, Gao W. Prospects of yam (Dioscorea) polysaccharides: Structural features, bioactivities and applications. Food Chem 2024; 446:138897. [PMID: 38430768 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Yam (Dioscorea) is a tuber crop cultivated for food security, revenue, and medicinal purposes. It has been used to treat diabetes, asthma, diarrhea, and other diseases. The main active ingredients in yam, polysaccharides, are regarded to be the important reason for its widespread applications. Now, a comprehensive review of research developments of yam polysaccharides (YPs) was presented to explore their prospects. We outlined the structural characteristics, biological activities, structure-activity relationships, and potential applications. Around 13 neutral components and 17 acidic components were separated. They exhibited various bioactivities, including immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, gastrointestinal protective, anti-fatigue, and senile disease treatment activities, as well as prebiotic effect. Structure-activity relationships illustrated that unique structural properties, chemical modifications, and carried biopolymers could influence the bioactivities of YPs. The potential applications in medicine, food, and other fields have also been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Shirui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Weimei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Guanglu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin 300402, China.
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Zhu Y, Wang H, Zhang T, Zhang X, Zhu C. Characterization, antioxidant activity and in vitro digestion of hawthorn pectin prepared by gradient ethanol precipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131278. [PMID: 38582459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Four modified hawthorn pectin fractions (MHPs), named MHP-30, MHP-50, MHP-70 and MHP-90, were obtained by ultrasonic-assisted pectin methyl esterase modification and gradient ethanol precipitation. The results indicated that all four MHPs were composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose, arabinose, glucose and mannose in different proportions. With the increase of the ethanol concentration, the molecular weight, esterification degree and galacturonic acid content of MHPs all decreased, whereas the arabinose content and branching degree increased. The structural characterization from XRD, SEM, and FT-IR showed that four MHPs exhibited amorphous structure, similar functional groups, diverse surface morphologies. Besides, in vitro antioxidant assays confirmed that MHP-70 and MHP-90 exhibited stronger total antioxidant activities than MHP-30 and MHP-50. The results of simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion showed that the molecular weight of MHP-70 and MHP-90 remained stable, yielded small amounts of reducing sugars, and were resistant to digestion in the human upper digestive tract. Overall, MHP-70 and MHP-90 shown great potential as novel natural antioxidants, which are expected to be good carbon sources for the utilization of intestinal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, PR China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, PR China.
| | - Chuanhe Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, PR China.
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3
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Jiang G, Li B, Ding Z, Zhu J, Li S. Effect of cellulase on antioxidant activity and flavor of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101148. [PMID: 38304043 PMCID: PMC10831147 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulase can increase the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content in Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT), but the effects on polyphenol content, bioactivity, and flavor are unknown. This study analyzed the changes in SDF content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and flavor before and after cellulase treatment. Cellulase treatment increased the SDF and total phenolic content of RRT by 13 % (P < 0.05) and 25.68 % (P < 0.05), respectively, and increased the antioxidant activity. HS-GC-IMS identified a total of 42 volatile compounds present, and ROAV analysis revealed that the characteristic aroma compounds of RRT were mainly aldehydes, alcohols, and ethers. The electronic nose and tongue results were consistent with the HS-GC-IMS analysis, indicating the positive effect of cellulase on the quality of RRT. Cellulase treatment significantly improved the oxidative activity and flavor performance of RRT. These results of RRT, providing practical guidance for improving the flavor and product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Jiang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Binbin Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhuhong Ding
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Silin Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Xue H, Gao Y, Wu L, Cai X, Liao J, Tan J. Research progress in extraction, purification, structure of fruit and vegetable polysaccharides and their interaction with anthocyanins/starch. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-26. [PMID: 38108271 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2291187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables contain polysaccharides, polyphenols, antioxidant enzymes, and various vitamins, etc. Fruits and vegetables polysaccharides (FVPs), as an important functional factor in health food, have various biological activities such as lowering blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure, inhibiting tumors, and delaying aging, etc. In addition, FVPs exhibit good physicochemical properties including low toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility. Increasing research has confirmed that FVPs could enhance the stability and biological activities of anthocyanins, affecting their bioavailability to improve food quality. Simultaneously, the addition of FVPs in natural starch suspension could improve the physicochemical properties of natural starch such as viscosity, gelling property, water binding capacity, and lotion stability. Hence, FVPs are widely used in the modification of natural anthocyanins/starch. A systematic review of the latest research progress and future development prospects of FVPs is very necessary to better understand them. This paper systematically reviews the latest progress in the extraction, purification, structure, and analysis techniques of FVPs. Moreover, the review also introduces the potential mechanisms, evaluation methods, and applications of the interaction between polysaccharides and anthocyanins/starch. The findings can provide important references for the further in-depth development and utilization of FVPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Liu Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Liao
- College of Physical Science and Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Wang H, Yuan M, Li G, Tao Y, Wang X, Ke S, Zhuang M, Wang A, Zhou Z. Chemical characterization, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of acetylated polysaccharides from Cyperus esculentus. Food Chem 2023; 427:136734. [PMID: 37418805 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
This research was designed to characterize the structure of Cyperus esculentus polysaccharide (CEP) and its acetylated one (ACEP), and then investigated the effects of acetylation on the changes in physicochemical properties, thermal stability, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Results showed that CEP and ACEP were heteropolysaccharides consisting of glucose, mannose, arabinose and xylose. The main chain of CEP included α-1,4-Glcp residues with the branching points at the O-6 position of the α-1,6-Manp residues. Acetyl groups were substituted at the O-2 and O-6 positions of some glucose residues. Meanwhile, the acetylation remarkably improved the polysaccharides thermal stability, and the ACEP exhibited a greater antioxidant activity. Furthermore, CEP and ACEP were proved to protect RAW 264.7 cells against LPS-induced inflammation by improving cellular morphology and decreasing reactive oxygen species secretion. This study may highlight a new approach for developing a high value-added ingredient from C. esculentus for functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Meiyu Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Gaoheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuxin Tao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Sheng Ke
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; ARC Functional Grains Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
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Li Y, Ji S, Xu T, Zhong Y, Xu M, Liu Y, Li M, Fan B, Wang F, Xiao J, Lu B. Chinese yam (Dioscorea): Nutritional value, beneficial effects, and food and pharmaceutical applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Effects of different extraction techniques on the structural, physicochemical, and bioactivity properties of heteropolysaccharides from Platycodon grandiflorum roots. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Sassi Aydi S, Aydi S, Ben Khadher T, Ktari N, Merah O, Bouajila J. Polysaccharides from South Tunisian Moringa alterniflora Leaves: Characterization, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant Activity, and Laser Burn Wound Healing in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:229. [PMID: 36678943 PMCID: PMC9863075 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical properties have recently increased the popularity of plant polysaccharides as wound dressing materials. This work aims at studying the structural characteristics of polysaccharides extracted from Moringa leaves (Moringa Leaves Water Soluble Polysaccharide: MLWSP), and its antioxidant activities, cytotoxic effects, and laser burn wound healing effects in rats. This MLWSP was structurally characterized. Results showed 175.21 KDa and 18.6%, respectively, for the molecular weight and the yield of the novel extracted polysaccharide. It is a hetero-polysaccharide containing arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose. XRD suggested a semi-crystalline structure of the studied polymer and FT-IR results revealed a typical polysaccharide structure. It is composed of 50 to 500 µm rocky-shaped units with rough surfaces and it was found to inhibit the proliferation of the human colon (HCT-116) (IC50 = 36 ± 2.5 µg/mL), breast (MCF-7) (IC50 = 48 ± 3.2), and ovary cancers (IC50 = 24 ± 8.1). The MLWSP showed significant antioxidant effects compared to Trolox (CI50 = 0.001 mg/g). Moreover, promising wound healing results were displayed. The effect of MLWSP hydrogel application on laser burn injuries stimulated wound contraction, re-epithelization, and remodeling phases 8 days after treatment. The wound healing potential of MLWSP may be due to its significant antioxidant activity and/or the huge amount of monosaccharide molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Sassi Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Samir Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Talel Ben Khadher
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Naourez Ktari
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, F-31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUT A, F-32000 Auch, France
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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Wang S, Yang X, Hou X, Zhu Z. Structural characterization and protective effect on PC12 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage of a polysaccharide from Isaria cicadae Miquel mycelium and its zinc derivative. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu Z, Wang J, Jin L, Zong T, Duan Y, Sun J, Zhou W, Li G. Preparation, Characterization and Anti-Complementary Activity of Three Novel Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4636. [PMID: 36365633 PMCID: PMC9658675 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This investigation focuses on the three novel polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris and then discusses their characterization and anti-complementary activity. The three polysaccharides from C. militaris (CMP-1, CMP-2 and CMP-3) were prepared using a DEAE-52 cellulose column. The HPLC, HPGPC, FT-IR and Congo red analyses were used to characterize their monosaccharides, molecular weight and stereo conformation, which demonstrated that the three polysaccharides were homogenous polysaccharides with different molecular weights and were composed of at least ten monosaccharides with different molar ratios, and all had a triple-helix conformation. The evaluation of anti-complementary activity demonstrated that the three polysaccharides significantly inhibited complement activation through the classical pathway and alternative pathway. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that CMP-1, CMP-2 and CMP-3 acted with C2, C5, C9, factor B, factor B, and P components in the overactivation cascade of the complement system. The analysis of the Pearson correlation and network confirmed that the ribose, glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid composition were negatively correlated with the anti-complementary activity of polysaccharides. These results suggested that the three novel polysaccharides are potential candidates for anti-complementary drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Tieqiang Zong
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Yuanqi Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jinfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
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Ren H, Li Z, Gao R, Zhao T, Luo D, Yu Z, Zhang S, Qi C, Wang Y, Qiao H, Cui Y, Gan L, Wang P, Wang J. Structural Characteristics of Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharides Treated Using Different Decolorization Processes and Their Antioxidant Effects in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213449. [PMID: 36360063 PMCID: PMC9657679 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide decolorization is a key determinant of polysaccharide structure. In this study, two purified Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides, RGP−1−A and RGP−2−A, were obtained after decolorization using the AB-8 macroporous resin and H2O2, respectively. RGP−1−A (molecular weight (Mw) = 18,964 Da) and RGP−2−A (Mw = 3305 Da) were acidic and neutral heteropolysaccharides, respectively, and were both polycrystalline in structure. FTIR analysis revealed that RGP−1−A was a sulfate polysaccharide, while RGP−2−A had no sulfate group. Experiments on IPEC-1 cells showed that RGPs alleviated oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. These findings were confirmed by the upregulation of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1; the subsequent increase in the levels of antioxidant indicators (SOD, LDH, CAT, and MDA); and the restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential. Overall, the antioxidant capacity of RGP−1−A was significantly higher than that of RGP−2−A. These results suggest that RGPs may be a potential natural antioxidant and could be developed into functional foods.
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