1
|
Felouah OC, Ammad F, Adda A, Bouzid A, Gharnaout ML, Evon P, Merah O. Morpho-Anatomical Modulation of Seminal Roots in Response to Water Deficit in Durum Wheat ( Triticum turgidum var. durum). Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:487. [PMID: 38498479 PMCID: PMC10892463 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The productivity of durum wheat in Mediterranean regions is greatly reduced by water deficits that vary in intensity and time of occurrence. The development of more tolerant cultivars is the main solution for fighting these stresses, but this requires prior study of their mechanisms. The involvement of the root system in drought avoidance is of major importance. It is in this context that the present work attempts to establish the impact of morpho-anatomical remodeling of seminal roots on dehydration avoidance at the javelina stage in five durum wheat genotypes grown under three water regimes, 100%, 60% and 30% of field capacity (FC). In the last two treatments, which were applied by stopping irrigation, moisture was concentrated mainly in the depths of the substrate cylinders and was accompanied by greater root elongation compared with the control. The elongation reached rates of 20 and 22% in the ACSAD 1231 genotype and 12 and 13% in the Waha genotype, in the 60% FC and 30% FC treatments respectively. The seminal roots anatomy was also modified by water deficit in all genotypes but to different degrees. The diameter of vessels in the late metaxylem vessels was reduced, reaching 17.3 and 48.2% in the Waha genotype in the 60% FC and 30% FC treatments, respectively. The water deficit also increased the number of vessels in the early metaxylem, while reducing the diameter of its conducting vessels. ACSAD 1361 and Langlois genotypes stood out with the highest rates of diameter reduction. The morpho-anatomical transformations of the roots contributed effectively to the plants' absorption of water and, consequently, to the maintenance of a fairly high relative water content, approaching 80%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oum Cheikh Felouah
- Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000, Algeria (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology Applied to Aboveground Crops, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University-Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
| | - Faiza Ammad
- Laboratoire de Recherché Protection et Valorisation des Produits Agrobiologiques, Departement de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la vie, Université Blida-1, BP 270, Blida 09000, Algeria;
| | - Ahmed Adda
- Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000, Algeria (A.B.)
| | - Assia Bouzid
- Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000, Algeria (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology Applied to Aboveground Crops, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University-Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
| | | | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France;
| | - Othmane Merah
- Département Génie Biologique, IUT A, Université Paul Sabatier, 32000 Auch, France;
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Semida WM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Gyushi MAH, Abd El-Mageed SA, Rady MM, Abdelkhalik A, Merah O, Sabagh AE, El-Metwally IM, Sadak MS, Abdelhamid MT. Exogenous Selenium Improves Physio-Biochemical and Performance of Drought-Stressed Phaseolus vulgaris Seeded in Saline Soil. Soil Systems 2023; 7:67. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems7030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Water and salt stresses are among the most important global problems that limit the growth and production of several crops. The current study aims at the possibility of mitigating the effect of deficit irrigation of common bean plants growing in saline lands by foliar spraying with selenium via the assessment of growth, productivity, physiological, and biochemical measurements. In our study, two field-based trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to examine the influence of three selenium (Se) concentrations (0 (Se0), 25 (Se25), and 50 mg L−1 (Se50)) on common bean plants grown under full irrigation (I100 = 100% of the crop evapotranspiration; ETc) and deficit irrigation (I80 = 80% of ETc, and I60 = 60% of ETc). Bean plants exposed to water stress led to a notable reduction in growth, yield, water productivity (WP), water status, SPAD value, and chlorophyll a fluorescence features (Fv/Fm and PI). However, foliar spraying of selenium at 25 or 50 mg L−1 on stressed bean plants attenuated the harmful effects of water stress. The findings suggest that foliage application of 25 or 50 mg L−1 selenium to common bean plants grown under I80 resulted in a higher membrane stability index, relative water content, SPAD chlorophyll index, and better efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm, and PI). Water deficit at 20% increased the WP by 17%; however, supplementation of 25 or 50 mg L−1 selenium mediated further increases in WP up to 26%. Exogenous application of selenium (25 mg L−1 or 50 mg L−1) to water-stressed bean plants elevated the plant defense system component, given that it increased the free proline, ascorbic acid, and glutathione levels, as well as antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GPX, and CAT). It was concluded that the application of higher levels (25 or/and 50 mg L−1) of Se improves plant water status as well as the growth and yield of common beans cultivated in saline soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wael M. Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. H. Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | | | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, IUT A, 32000 Auch, France
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim M. El-Metwally
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mervat Sh. Sadak
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Magdi T. Abdelhamid
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, TX 77843-2474, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abd El Mageed TA, Semida W, Hemida KA, Gyushi MA, Rady MM, Abdelkhalik A, Merah O, Brestic M, Mohamed HI, El Sabagh A, Abdelhamid MT. Glutathione-mediated changes in productivity, photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity of common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris) grown under water deficit. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15343. [PMID: 37366423 PMCID: PMC10290831 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, salinity and drought are severe abiotic stresses that presently threaten vegetable production. This study investigates the potential exogenously-applied glutathione (GSH) to relieve water deficits on Phaseolus vulgaris plants cultivated in saline soil conditions (6.22 dS m-1) by evaluating agronomic, stability index of membrane, water satatus, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity responses. During two open field growing seasons (2017 and 2018), foliar spraying of glutathione (GSH) at 0.5 (GSH1) or 1.0 (GSH1) mM and three irrigation rates (I100 = 100%, I80 = 80% and I60 = 60% of the crop evapotranspiration) were applied to common bean plants. Water deficits significantly decreased common bean growth, green pods yield, integrity of the membranes, plant water status, SPAD chlorophyll index, and photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fm, PI), while not improving the irrigation use efficiency (IUE) compared to full irrigation. Foliar-applied GSH markedly lessened drought-induced damages to bean plants, by enhancing the above variables. The integrative I80 + GSH1 or GSH2 and I60 + GSH1 or GSH2 elevated the IUE and exceeded the full irrigation without GSH application (I100) treatment by 38% and 37%, and 33% and 28%, respectively. Drought stress increased proline and total soluble sugars content while decreased the total free amino acids content. However, GSH-supplemented drought-stressed plants mediated further increases in all analyzed osmolytes contents. Exogenous GSH enhanced the common bean antioxidative machinery, being promoted the glutathione and ascorbic acid content as well as up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of exogenous GSH in alleviating water deficit in bean plants cultivated in salty soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wael Semida
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed A.H. Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- IUT A, Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Auch, France
| | - Marian Brestic
- Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Al-Sheik, Egypt
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdi T. Abdelhamid
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aydi S, Sassi Aydi S, Marsit A, El Abed N, Rahmani R, Bouajila J, Merah O, Abdelly C. Optimizing Alternative Substrate for Tomato Production in Arid Zone: Lesson from Growth, Water Relations, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Photosynthesis. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1457. [PMID: 37050083 PMCID: PMC10096997 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Soilless culture is considered the mostpromising, intensive, and sustainable approach with various advantages for plant production in terms of saving water and nutrients. It can provide consumers with sufficient and high-quality food. However, the commonly used growing substrate for soilless cultivation, coconut fiber (CF), is usually imported and expensive or even unavailable. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of local organic farm resources substrates on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant growth, water relations, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phytochemical analysis of fruits in a hydroponics culture system. Two growth substrates were evaluated: date-palm waste composted with animal manure (7:3 w/w) (DPAM) and date-palm trunk compost (DPT). CF and local soil were utilized as positive and negative controls, respectively, in randomized blocks. The results revealed that DPAM substrate enhanced plant growth and physiology: shoot development, leaves tissues hydration, and photosynthetic parameters, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence. However, DPT and CF improved fruit quality: water, mineral, sugar, and protein content. The antioxidant activity of the fruit extract was the greater in DPAM, reaching 13.8 mg GAEg-1 DW. This value wasdecreased in soil by 40%. Photosynthesis activity was the most important in DPAM with 12 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, and only 6.4 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 in the soil condition. However, regarding the non-photochemical quenching, the dissipated light energy was greater in soil (0.096 ± 0.02) than in DPAM (0.025 ± 0.04). Date-palm waste-based substrates improved tomato vegetative growth and fruit quality as compared to soil-based culture. Date-palm waste-based substrates supplemented with manure appear to be promising and less expensive alternatives to the coconut fiber substrate extensively used in soilless crops in North Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisationof Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Sassi Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisationof Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Asma Marsit
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisationof Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Nadia El Abed
- Technical Center of Protected and Geothermal Crops, Avenue AboulkacemChabbiCité El Manara, Gabes 6011, Tunisia
| | - Rami Rahmani
- Laboratory of Biodiversity of Actives Biomolecules (LR22ES02), Higher Institute of Applied Biology Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4119, Tunisia
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de ChimieAgro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, IUTA, Université Paul Sabatier, 32000 Auch, France
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of BorjCedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dayarathna NN, Gama-Arachchige NS, Damunupola JW, Xiao Z, Gamage A, Merah O, Madhujith T. Effect of Storage Temperature on Storage Life and Sensory Attributes of Packaged Mustard Microgreens. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020393. [PMID: 36836750 PMCID: PMC9966302 DOI: 10.3390/life13020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Short shelf life limits the commercial value of mustard microgreens. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different storage temperatures on postharvest quality and sensory attributes of mustard microgreens to identify the optimum storage temperature. Mustard microgreens were stored at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C in 150 µm polyethylene bags. Samples were drawn at 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days and tested for changes in total chlorophyll content, tissue electrolyte leakage, weight loss, antioxidant activity, and sensory attributes. Storage temperature significantly (p < 0.05) affected the product quality, shelf life, and sensory quality. When stored at 5 °C, mustard microgreens showed no significant changes in antioxidant activity or tissue electrolyte leakage and minimal change in other parameters and maintained good overall sensory quality for 14 days. Samples stored at 10 and 15 °C retained good overall sensory quality for 4 and 2 days, respectively. When stored at 20 and 25 °C, microgreens deteriorated beyond consumption within one day. A storage temperature of 5 °C in 150 µm polythene bags can preserve high postharvest quality and sensory attributes for 14 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayani N. Dayarathna
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Nalin S. Gama-Arachchige
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Correspondence: (N.S.G.-A.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-776669844 (N.S.G.-A.); +33-(0)5-34323523 (O.M.)
| | - Jilushi W. Damunupola
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Zhenlei Xiao
- Department of Culinary Science and Product Development, College of Food Innovation & Technology, Johnson & Wales University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Ashoka Gamage
- Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUT A, 32000 Auch, France
- Correspondence: (N.S.G.-A.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-776669844 (N.S.G.-A.); +33-(0)5-34323523 (O.M.)
| | - Terrence Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sassi Aydi S, Aydi S, Ben Khadher T, Ktari N, Merah O, Bouajila J. Polysaccharides from South Tunisian Moringa alterniflora Leaves: Characterization, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant Activity, and Laser Burn Wound Healing in Rats. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:229. [PMID: 36678943 PMCID: PMC9863075 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical properties have recently increased the popularity of plant polysaccharides as wound dressing materials. This work aims at studying the structural characteristics of polysaccharides extracted from Moringa leaves (Moringa Leaves Water Soluble Polysaccharide: MLWSP), and its antioxidant activities, cytotoxic effects, and laser burn wound healing effects in rats. This MLWSP was structurally characterized. Results showed 175.21 KDa and 18.6%, respectively, for the molecular weight and the yield of the novel extracted polysaccharide. It is a hetero-polysaccharide containing arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose. XRD suggested a semi-crystalline structure of the studied polymer and FT-IR results revealed a typical polysaccharide structure. It is composed of 50 to 500 µm rocky-shaped units with rough surfaces and it was found to inhibit the proliferation of the human colon (HCT-116) (IC50 = 36 ± 2.5 µg/mL), breast (MCF-7) (IC50 = 48 ± 3.2), and ovary cancers (IC50 = 24 ± 8.1). The MLWSP showed significant antioxidant effects compared to Trolox (CI50 = 0.001 mg/g). Moreover, promising wound healing results were displayed. The effect of MLWSP hydrogel application on laser burn injuries stimulated wound contraction, re-epithelization, and remodeling phases 8 days after treatment. The wound healing potential of MLWSP may be due to its significant antioxidant activity and/or the huge amount of monosaccharide molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Sassi Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Samir Aydi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Talel Ben Khadher
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources in Arid Zones (LR18ES36), Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Naourez Ktari
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences at the University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAe, INPT, F-31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUT A, F-32000 Auch, France
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gamage A, Thiviya P, Mani S, Ponnusamy PG, Manamperi A, Evon P, Merah O, Madhujith T. Environmental Properties and Applications of Biodegradable Starch-Based Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214578. [PMID: 36365571 PMCID: PMC9656360 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the demand for environmental sustainability has caused a great interest in finding novel polymer materials from natural resources that are both biodegradable and eco-friendly. Natural biodegradable polymers can displace the usage of petroleum-based synthetic polymers due to their renewability, low toxicity, low costs, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The development of novel starch-based bionanocomposites with improved properties has drawn specific attention recently in many applications, including food, agriculture, packaging, environmental remediation, textile, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields. This paper discusses starch-based nanocomposites, mainly with nanocellulose, chitin nanoparticles, nanoclay, and carbon-based materials, and their applications in the agriculture, packaging, biomedical, and environment fields. This paper also focused on the lifecycle analysis and degradation of various starch-based nanocomposites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashoka Gamage
- Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-714430714 (A.G.); +33-5-3432-3523 (O.M.)
| | - Punniamoorthy Thiviya
- Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Sudhagar Mani
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Asanga Manamperi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kettering University, Flint, MI 48504-6214, USA
| | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, IUT A, Université Paul Sabatier, 32000 Auch, France
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-714430714 (A.G.); +33-5-3432-3523 (O.M.)
| | - Terrence Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jamaleddine A, Caro PD, Bouajila J, Evon P, Haddad JG, El-Kalamouni C, Hijazi A, Merah O. In Vitro Bioactivities of Extracts from Tomato Pomace. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2022; 27:259. [DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2709259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
9
|
Cassen A, Fabre JF, Lacroux E, Cerny M, Vaca-Medina G, Mouloungui Z, Merah O, Valentin R. Aqueous Integrated Process for the Recovery of Oil Bodies or Fatty Acid Emulsions from Sunflower Seeds. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020149. [PMID: 35204650 PMCID: PMC8961559 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An aqueous integrated process was developed to obtain several valuable products from sunflower seeds. With a high-shear rate crusher, high-pressure homogenization and centrifugation, it is possible to process 600× g of seeds in 1400× g of water to obtain a concentrated cream phase with a dry matter (dm) content of 46%, consisting of 74 (w/w dm) lipids in the form of an oil-body dispersion (droplet size d(0.5): 2.0 µm) rich in proteins (13% w/w dm, with membranous and extraneous proteins). The inclusion of an enzymatic step mediated by a lipase made possible the total hydrolysis of trigylcerides into fatty acids. The resulting cream had a slightly higher lipid concentration, a ratio lipid/water closer to 1, with a dry matter content of 57% consisting of 69% (w/w) lipids, a more complex structure, as observed on Cryo-SEM, with a droplet size slightly greater (d(0.5): 2.5 µm) than that of native oil bodies and a conserved protein concentration (12% w/w dm) but an almost vanished phospholipid content (17.1 ± 4.4 mg/g lipids compared to 144.6 ± 6 mg/g lipids in the oil-body dispersion and 1811.2 ± 122.2 mg/g lipids in the seed). The aqueous phases and pellets were also characterized, and their mineral, lipid and protein contents provide new possibilities for valorization in food or technical applications.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gamage A, Basnayake B, De Costa J, Merah O. Effects of Rice Husk Biochar Coated Urea and Anaerobically Digested Rice Straw Compost on the Soil Fertility, and Cyclic Effect of Phosphorus. Plants (Basel) 2021; 11:plants11010075. [PMID: 35009079 PMCID: PMC8747290 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizer application in rice farming is an essential requirement. Most of the high-yielding varieties which are extensively grown throughout the country require recommended levels of fertilizers to obtain their potential yields. However, effective, and efficient ways of fertilizer application are of utmost importance. Coated fertilizers are used to reduce leaching nutrients and improve the efficiency of fertilizer. However, conventional coated fertilizers such as Sulphur coated urea and urea super granules are not popular among rice farmers in Sri Lanka owing to the high cost. Mixing urea-coated rice husk biochar causes a slow release of nitrogen fertilizer. This coated fertilizer and rice straw compost reduction the cost of importations of nitrogen-based fertilizers per unit area of cultivation. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar coated urea and anaerobically digested rice straw compost on the soil fertility, and the cyclic effect of phosphorus. Concerning the pot experiment, rice grain yield was significantly higher in Rice husk biochar coated urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), and muriate of potash (MOP) with anaerobically digested rice straw compost. The lowest yield was observed in the control. The release of phosphate shows a cycle effect which is an important finding. Rice husk biochar coated urea can potentially be used as a slow-releasing nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, the urea coated with biochar is less costly and contributes to mitigating pollution of water bodies by inorganic fertilizers (NPK).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashoka Gamage
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-714-430-7141 (A.G.); +33-(0)5-34-32-35-23 (O.M.)
| | - Ben Basnayake
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka;
| | - Janendra De Costa
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka;
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUTA, 32000 Auch, France
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.M.); Tel.: +94-714-430-7141 (A.G.); +33-(0)5-34-32-35-23 (O.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bouzid A, Arous A, Felouah OC, Merah O, Adda A. Contribution of Current Photosynthesis and Reserves Remobilization in Grain Filling and Its Composition of Durum Wheat Under Different Water Regimes. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2020. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun202068060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Nasser M, Damaj R, Merah O, Hijazi A, Trabolsi C, Wehbe N, Nasser M, Al-Khatib B, Damaj Z. Potency of Combining Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. camaldulensis with Low-Dose Cisplatin in A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinomas and MCF-7 Breast Adenocarcinoma. Medicines (Basel) 2020; 7:medicines7080040. [PMID: 32707923 PMCID: PMC7460118 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7080040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Lung and breast cancers are common in the world and represent major public health problems. Systemic chemotherapy is an effective way to prolong survival but it is associated with side effects. Plants are used as traditional treatments for many types of cancers, mostly in combination with chemotherapy. We investigated the antitumor effect of ethanolic (EE) and aqueous (AE) extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on human alveolar adenocarcinoma basal epithelial cells (A549) and breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and checked the synergistic effect of the combination with low-dose cisplatin (CDDP). Methods: AE and EE were characterized for their secondary metabolites including content of phenol and antioxidant activity of both extracts. Cell viability was tested by the neutral red assay and MTT. Combinations of extract with low-dose CDDP on A549, MCF-7 cells, and normal cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells was used to study cell viability. Results: AE contains higher level of active constituents than EE. Higher antioxidant activity was observed in AE. Both extracts showed cytotoxic activity on A549 and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, combining E. camaldulensis with low-dose CDDP increases significantly the cell death of treated cells in comparison to those treated with CDDP alone. Conclusions: Our results highlight a new therapeutic concept that combines Eucalyptus camaldulensis with low-dose CDDP to treat lung and breast adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Nasser
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| | - Raghida Damaj
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agroindustrielle, Université de Toulouse, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Département Génie Biologique, IUT A, Université Paul Sabatier, 24 rue d’Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.H.); Tel.: +335-34-323-523 (O.M.); +961-71-905-768 (A.H.)
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.H.); Tel.: +335-34-323-523 (O.M.); +961-71-905-768 (A.H.)
| | | | - Nour Wehbe
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| | - Malak Nasser
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| | - Batoul Al-Khatib
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| | - Ziad Damaj
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (M.N.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (M.N.); (B.A.-K.); (Z.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Merah O, Sayed-Ahmad B, Talou T, Saad Z, Cerny M, Grivot S, Evon P, Hijazi A. Biochemical Composition of Cumin Seeds, and Biorefining Study. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071054. [PMID: 32679821 PMCID: PMC7407589 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A new biorefinery approach has been developed in the present study, and applied on cumin (Cuminum cyminum) seeds as a potential source of phytochemicals of interest. Cumin is a popular spice used widely for its distinctive aroma. It is a rich reserve of both vegetable and essential oils. The biorefinery approach here focused on the evaluation of the influence of four different geographical origins (i.e., Lebanon, France, Algeria and Syria) on oil yield and quality in cumin seed, and on the valorization of remaining by-products by investigating their nutritional content and biological activity for the first time. Vegetable and essential oils were extracted, and their compositions were determined. Nutritional traits were also assessed. The delipidated and hydrodistillated cakes just as aromatic water were characterized for their fiber, sugar, protein, phenol and flavonoid contents. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities were also determined. Cumin seeds showed high contents in both vegetable and essential oils, proteins and sugars regardless their origin. Moreover, this Apiaceae species exhibited high levels of petroselinic fatty acid (an isomer of oleic acid) and sterols. Cakes and aromatic water also presented high levels of proteins, fibers, sugars and phenols. These residues revealed interesting antioxidant and antibacterial activities. These results emphasized the potential use of cumin in a biorefinery concept, with a multi-purpose industrial process. In addition, large differences were observed between the four geographical origins for phytochemical contents and compositions. These findings highlight the perspectives for developing selection programs for nutritional traits and industrial interests. All obtained results validate the health promoting effect of cumin composition as well as its industrial importance along with the residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
- Département Génie Biologique, IUT A, Université Paul Sabatier, 24 rue d’Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-5-3432-3523
| | - Bouchra Sayed-Ahmad
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5, Hadath-Beirut, P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Thierry Talou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
| | - Zeinab Saad
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5, Hadath-Beirut, P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Muriel Cerny
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
| | - Sarah Grivot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
| | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; (B.S.-A.); (T.T.); (M.C.); (S.G.); (P.E.)
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5, Hadath-Beirut, P.O. Box 5, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (A.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Simon V, Uitterhaegen E, Robillard A, Ballas S, Véronèse T, Vilarem G, Merah O, Talou T, Evon P. VOC and carbonyl compound emissions of a fiberboard resulting from a coriander biorefinery: comparison with two commercial wood-based building materials. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:16121-16133. [PMID: 32100217 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Indoor air quality is a major public health issue. It is related to the choice of construction materials and associated with VOC emissions. Two wood-based commercial panels were tested: a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and a chipboard (CH), and they were compared to a material produced from a coriander biorefinery (COR). Indicators chosen to compare the materials were physical properties (density, bending properties, surface hardness, thickness swelling, and water absorption) and VOC emissions. Emissions were evaluated in an environmental chamber at 23 °C, 31 °C, and 36 °C, and during 28 days. Carbonyl emissions on day 1 at 23 °C were 74, 146, and 35 μg m-2 h-1, respectively, for MDF, CH, and COR. Terpenic emissions were 12, 185, and 37 μg m-2 h-1, respectively. Higher temperature resulted in higher emissions which decreased over time, except for formaldehyde. VOC emissions depended largely on material and temperature. Formaldehyde emission was 300 to 600 times lower for coriander boards (< 0.2 μg m-2 h-1), making them significantly more environmentally friendly materials in comparison with MDF and chipboard. These results highlight the interest of coriander by-products as raw materials for producing fiberboards with low impact on indoor air quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France.
| | - Evelien Uitterhaegen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Anaïs Robillard
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Ballas
- Ovalie Innovation, 2 Rue Marguerite Duras, 32000, Auch, France
| | | | - Gérard Vilarem
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Talou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRA-INP, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sayed Ahmad B, Talou T, Straumite E, Sabovics M, Kruma Z, Saad Z, Hijazi A, Merah O. Protein Bread Fortification with Cumin and Caraway Seeds and By-Product Flour. Foods 2018; 7:foods7030028. [PMID: 29495324 PMCID: PMC5867543 DOI: 10.3390/foods7030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition continues to be a key health problem in developing regions. The valorization of food waste appears as an ideal way to prevent malnutrition and improve people’s access to food. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and caraway (Carum carvi L.) oilseeds are commonly used for cuisine and medicinal purposes. However, remaining cakes after oil extraction are usually underutilized. In order to assess the usefulness of these by-products in food applications, this study investigated the effect of their addition to protein bread formulations. Different levels (2, 4 and 6%) of whole seeds and cakes flour were used in the study. Fortified protein bread samples were compared to control protein bread and evaluated for their sensory, color, moisture, hardness properties, nutritional values as well as their biological activity. Results indicated that bread fortification shows a significant effect on bread properties depending on fortification level. A higher acceptability was observed specially for bread fortified with by-products flour. Increased tendencies of color darkness, moisture content, bread hardness, nutritional values as well as total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity compared to control bread were observed as the percentage of fortification increased in both cases. The overall results showed that the addition of cumin and caraway seeds and by-product flour can improve the antioxidant potential and overall quality of protein bread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Sayed Ahmad
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France.
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5 Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Thierry Talou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France.
| | - Evita Straumite
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Agriculture, Rigas iela 22, Jelgava LV-3001, Latvia.
| | - Martins Sabovics
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Agriculture, Rigas iela 22, Jelgava LV-3001, Latvia.
| | - Zanda Kruma
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Agriculture, Rigas iela 22, Jelgava LV-3001, Latvia.
| | - Zeinab Saad
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5 Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Research Platform of Environmental Science, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Campus Rafic Hariri, BP 5 Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France.
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUT A, 24 rue d'Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ammad F, Moumen O, Gasem A, Othmane S, Hisashi KN, Zebib B, Merah O. The potency of lemon (Citrus limon L.) essential oil to control some fungal diseases of grapevine wood. C R Biol 2018; 341:97-101. [PMID: 29398645 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity (AA) of the essential oil (EO) of lemon (Citrus limon L.) against three pathogenic fungi attacking grapevine wood. The composition of the EO was also studied. Ten volatile components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the EO consists of volatile components where monoterpene hydrocarbons are the most abundant ones. Four major components were identified, which represent 99.9% of the total EO (limonene, neral, β-pinene, and γ-terpinene). The AA of the EO was evaluated against three pathogenic fungi attacking grapevine wood (Eutypa sp., Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Fomitiporia mediterranea). The results showed that the EO exerts AA against all tested fungi and significantly inhibits their growth. Eutypa sp. is the most sensitive fungus. These results show, for the first time, a new use for the EO of lemon (C. limon L.) to control fungal diseases of grapevine wood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Ammad
- Laboratoire de recherche sur la protection et la valorisation des produits agrobiologiques, Département de biotechnologie, Faculté de la Nature et des Sciences de la Vie, Université de Blida1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Oussama Moumen
- Laboratoire de recherche sur la protection et la valorisation des produits agrobiologiques, Département de biotechnologie, Faculté de la Nature et des Sciences de la Vie, Université de Blida1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Abdelbaset Gasem
- Laboratoire de recherche sur la protection et la valorisation des produits agrobiologiques, Département de biotechnologie, Faculté de la Nature et des Sciences de la Vie, Université de Blida1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Salam Othmane
- Laboratoire de recherche sur la protection et la valorisation des produits agrobiologiques, Département de biotechnologie, Faculté de la Nature et des Sciences de la Vie, Université de Blida1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Kato-Noguchi Hisashi
- Departement of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Bachar Zebib
- Agronutrition Company SAS, 3, allée de l'Orchidée, 31390 Carbone, France
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire of chimie agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, 31030 Toulouse, France; Université Paul-Sabatier, IUT A, Département de génie biologique, 24, rue d'Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Merah O, Evon P, Monneveux P. Participation of Green Organs to Grain Filling in Triticum turgidum var durum Grown under Mediterranean Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E56. [PMID: 29295600 PMCID: PMC5796006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In wheat, flag leaf, stem, chaff and awns contribute to grain filling through photosynthesis and/or re-mobilization. Environmental and genetic effects on the relative contribution of each organ were examined by analyzing the consequences of sink-source manipulations (shading and excision) and by comparing carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) values in dry matter (at maturity) and sap (two weeks after anthesis) in six durum wheat genotypes grown in two contrasting seasons. The contribution of flag leaf, stem, chaff and awns to grain filling, estimated by sink-source manipulations, highly varied with the season. The contribution of ear photosynthesis and re-mobilization from the stem increased with post-anthesis water stress. They showed a large genetic variation that was, however, not clearly associated to morphological characteristics of ear and stem. Isotopic imprints of chaff on grain Δ were identified as a possible surrogate of the destructive and cumbersome sink-source manipulations to evaluate the contribution of carbon assimilated in ears or re-mobilized from stem. This might facilitate screening of genetic resources and allow the combining of favourable drought tolerance mechanisms in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INPT), 31030 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
- Département Génie Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, IUT A, 24 rue d'Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France.
| | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INPT), 31030 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
| | - Philippe Monneveux
- International Potato Center/Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), Avenida La Molina 1895, La Molina, Lima 12, Peru.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maghni B, Adda A, Merah O. Evaluating morphological variability of <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i> Asso from western Algeria. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
19
|
Uitterhaegen E, Labonne L, Merah O, Talou T, Ballas S, Véronèse T, Evon P. Optimization of thermopressing conditions for the production of binderless boards from a coriander twin-screw extrusion cake. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Uitterhaegen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT; Toulouse France
| | - L. Labonne
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT; Toulouse France
| | - O. Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT; Toulouse France
| | - T. Talou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT; Toulouse France
| | - S. Ballas
- Ovalie Innovation; Auch 32000 France
| | | | - Ph. Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT; Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Uitterhaegen E, Sampaio KA, Delbeke EIP, De Greyt W, Cerny M, Evon P, Merah O, Talou T, Stevens CV. Characterization of French Coriander Oil as Source of Petroselinic Acid. Molecules 2016; 21:E1202. [PMID: 27617992 PMCID: PMC6273068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coriander vegetable oil was extracted from fruits of French origin in a 23% yield. The oil was of good quality, with a low amount of free fatty acids (1.8%) and a concurrently high amount of triacylglycerols (98%). It is a rich source of petroselinic acid (C18:1n-12), an important renewable building block, making up 73% of all fatty acids, with also significant amounts of linoleic acid (14%), oleic acid (6%), and palmitic acid (3%). The oil was characterized by a high unsaponifiable fraction, comprising a substantial amount of phytosterols (6.70 g/kg). The main sterol markers were β-sitosterol (35% of total sterols), stigmasterol (24%), and Δ⁷-stigmastenol (18%). Squalene was detected at an amount of 0.2 g/kg. A considerable amount of tocols were identified (500 mg/kg) and consisted mainly of tocotrienols, with γ-tocotrienol as the major compound. The phospholipid content was low at 0.3%, of which the main phospholipid classes were phosphatidic acid (33%), phosphatidylcholine (25%), phosphatidylinositol (17%), and phosphatidylethanolamine (17%). About 50% of all phospholipids were non-hydratable. The β-carotene content was low at 10 mg/kg, while a significant amount of chlorophyll was detected at about 11 mg/kg. An iron content of 1.4 mg/kg was determined through element analysis of the vegetable oil. The influence of fruit origin on the vegetable oil composition was shown to be very important, particularly in terms of the phospholipids, sterols, and tocols composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Uitterhaegen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Klicia A Sampaio
- SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- EXTRAE, Food Engineering Department, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, 13083-862 Campinas-São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Elisabeth I P Delbeke
- SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wim De Greyt
- Desmet-Ballestra Group, Corporate Village, Da Vincilaan 2, 1935 Zaventem, Belgium.
| | - Muriel Cerny
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Philippe Evon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Thierry Talou
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Christian V Stevens
- SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roche J, Mouloungui Z, Cerny M, Merah O. Fatty acid and phytosterol accumulation during seed development in three oilseed species. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Roche
- INP-ENSIACET; LCA-Laboratory of Agro-industrial Chemistry; University of Toulouse; F-31030 Toulouse France
- INRA; UMR 1010 CAI F-31030 Toulouse France
| | - Zephirin Mouloungui
- INP-ENSIACET; LCA-Laboratory of Agro-industrial Chemistry; University of Toulouse; F-31030 Toulouse France
- INRA; UMR 1010 CAI F-31030 Toulouse France
| | - Muriel Cerny
- INP-ENSIACET; LCA-Laboratory of Agro-industrial Chemistry; University of Toulouse; F-31030 Toulouse France
- INRA; UMR 1010 CAI F-31030 Toulouse France
| | - Othmane Merah
- INP-ENSIACET; LCA-Laboratory of Agro-industrial Chemistry; University of Toulouse; F-31030 Toulouse France
- INRA; UMR 1010 CAI F-31030 Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nguyen QH, Talou T, Cerny M, Evon P, Merah O. Oil and fatty acid accumulation during coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruit ripening under organic cultivation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
23
|
Uitterhaegen E, Nguyen QH, Sampaio KA, Stevens CV, Merah O, Talou T, Rigal L, Evon P. Extraction of Coriander Oil Using Twin-Screw Extrusion: Feasibility Study and Potential Press Cake Applications. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Adda A, Regagba Z, Latigui A, Merah O. Effect of Salt Stress on α-amylase Activity, Sugars Mobilization and Osmotic Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Seeds Var. ‘Cocorose’ and ‘Djadida’
During Germination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2014.370.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
25
|
Safi C, Ursu AV, Laroche C, Zebib B, Merah O, Pontalier PY, Vaca-Garcia C. Aqueous extraction of proteins from microalgae: Effect of different cell disruption methods. ALGAL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Dobravalskytė D, Venskutonis P, Zebib B, Merah O, Talou T. Essential oil composition ofMyrrhis odorata(L.) Scop. leaves grown in Lithuania and France. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.744703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
Merah O, Langlade N, Alignan M, Roche J, Pouilly N, Lippi Y, Vear F, Cerny M, Bouniols A, Mouloungui Z, Vincourt P. Genetic analysis of phytosterol content in sunflower seeds. Theor Appl Genet 2012; 125:1589-601. [PMID: 22824968 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Interest in phytosterol contents due to their potential benefits for human health has been largely documented in several crop species. Studies were focused mainly on total sterol content and their concentration or distribution in seed. This study aimed at providing new insight into the genetic control of total and individual sterol contents in sunflower seed through QTL analyses in a RIL population characterized over 2 years showing contrasted rainfall during seed filling. Results indicated that 13 regions on 9 linkage groups were involved in different phytosterol traits. Most of the QTL mapped were stable across years in spite of contrasted growing conditions. Some of them explained up to 30 % of phenotypic variation. Two QTL, located on LG10, near b1, and on LG14, were found to co-localize with QTL for oil content, indicating that likely, a part of the genetic variation for sterol content is only the result of genetic variation for oil content. However, three other QTL, stable over the 2 years, were found on LG1, LG4 and LG7 each associated with a particular class of sterols, suggesting that some enzymes known to be involved in the sterol metabolic pathway may determine the specificity of sterol profiles in sunflower seeds. These results suggest that it may be possible to introduce these traits as criteria in breeding programmes for quality in sunflower. The molecular markers linked to genetic factors controlling phytosterol contents could help selection during breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othmane Merah
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), INP-ENSIACET, Université de Toulouse, 31030 Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Roche J, Alignan M, Bouniols A, Cerny M, Mouloungui Z, Vear F, Merah O. Sterol content in sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus L.) as affected by genotypes and environmental conditions. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
29
|
Roche J, Alignan M, Bouniols A, Cerny M, Mouloungui Z, Merah O. Sterol concentration and distribution in sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus L.) during seed development. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
30
|
Alignan M, Roche J, Bouniols A, Cerny M, Mouloungui Z, Merah O. Effects of genotype and sowing date on phytostanol–phytosterol content and agronomic traits in wheat under organic agriculture. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
31
|
Adda A, Sahnoune M, Kaid-Harch M, Merah O. Impact of water deficit intensity on durum wheat seminal roots. C R Biol 2005; 328:918-27. [PMID: 16286081 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2005.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 07/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were performed under controlled conditions to study seminal roots traits of durum wheat genotypes grown under four water conditions. Seminal root length, root-to-shoot dry matters ratio and piliferous layer cell size were measured. Root volume was assessed at three soil depths. Water stress has affected significantly root traits and piliferous layer cell size and this impact depends on its intensity. Severe water stress reduced markedly root traits. Water treatment by genotype interaction was observed. Middle-East genotypes responded differently from Algerian ones. Our results and those obtained elsewhere on the same genotypes for other physiological traits are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Adda
- Département des Sciences Agronomiques et Biologiques, Université Ibn Khaldoun, BP 78, 14000 Tiaret, Algeria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lionneton E, Aubert G, Ochatt S, Merah O. Genetic analysis of agronomic and quality traits in mustard (Brassica juncea). Theor Appl Genet 2004; 109:792-799. [PMID: 15340689 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-004-1682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2003] [Accepted: 03/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To develop an efficient mustard (Brassica juncea) breeding programme, a better knowledge of the genetic control and relationships of the main selected characters is needed. Thus, doubled haploid (DH) lines were evaluated over 2 years in the field. Days to flowering, plant height, thousand-seed weight, fatty acid composition, seed oil content, sinigrin, gluconapin and total glucosinolate contents were determined in the DH population. The influence of seed coat colour was estimated. Results showed significant differences between yellow and brown seeds only for oil and fatty acid contents. Molecular analysis revealed that seed coat colour is associated with two Mendelian trait loci: Bjc1 [on linkage group (LG) 3] and Bjc2 (on LG6). The quantitative trait loci associated with characters-detected by composite interval mapping-were not co-localised and revealed a genetic independence. The results obtained in this study show that the most important agronomic and quality traits of brown mustard could be bred independently. Correlation between the studied traits is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Lionneton
- INRA, URLEG, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
In order to study seminal roots morphology in barley grown under different water treatments, experiments were carried out under glasshouse-controlled conditions. Eight genotypes were cultivated under four water treatments (100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity). Seminal root length and root-to-shoot dry matters' ratio were measured. Root volume was assessed at three soil depths. Results showed broad genotypic differences for all traits. The effect of low and moderate water deficit was slight. In contrast, the impact of severe water treatment was strongly marked on all traits. The impact of water deficit intensity on root traits at different soil depths is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sahnoune
- Département des sciences agronomiques et biologiques, université Ibn-Khaldoun, BP 78, 14000 Tiaret, Algeria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Teulat B, Merah O, Sirault X, Borries C, Waugh R, This D. QTLs for grain carbon isotope discrimination in field-grown barley. Theor Appl Genet 2002; 106:118-26. [PMID: 12582879 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2002] [Accepted: 04/02/2002] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In several crops including cereals, carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) has been associated with drought tolerance in terms of water-use efficiency and yield stability in drought-prone environments. By using a complete genetic map generated from 167 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Tadmor and Er/Apm, QTLs associated with grain Delta have been detected in barley grown in three Mediterranean field environments, two differing only in water availability. Ten QTLs were identified: one was specific to one environment, two presented interaction with the environment, six presented main effects across three or two environments and one presented both effects. Heading date did not contribute to the environment (E) and G x E effects acting on Delta. Seasonal rainfall and the ratio of rainfall to evapo-transpiration made large contributions to the environmental effect, but their influence on G x E was weaker. Eight QTLs for Delta co-located with QTLs for physiological traits related to plant water status and/or osmotic adjustment, and/or for agronomic traits previously measured on the same population. Some perspectives in terms of characterising drought tolerance are evoked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Teulat
- INRA-ENSAM-CIRAD, UMR 1096, Génomique Appliquée aux Caractères Agronomiques, 2 place P Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Merah O. Carbon isotope discrimination and mineral composition of three organs in durum wheat genotypes grown under Mediterranean conditions. C R Acad Sci III 2001; 324:355-63. [PMID: 11386083 DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(01)01307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbon isotope discrimination (delta) has been proposed as a good criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield improvement. Its measurement, however, remains very expensive. Ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for delta in bread wheat and barley. The aims of this study were (i) to analyse the relationships between delta and mineral composition in different durum wheat plant parts and (ii) to compare the variation of these traits between landraces and improved varieties from different geographic origins. For this purpose, delta, ma, and composition in four minerals (K, Mg, P and Si) were assessed in flag leaves and awns at anthesis, and in mature grains of ten durum wheat genotypes grown under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. The three plant parts differed significantly for the measured traits. Significant correlations were noted between delta and ma in the flag leaf and in the grain. Silicon content in flag leaves and potassium content in awns were also positively related to delta of the considered plant part. The coefficient of correlation between delta and ma was generally higher than that observed between individual mineral content and delta, suggesting that ma is the better alternative criterion for delta. In addition, grain yield was related to grain delta and both ma and potassium content in awns. Harvest index was correlated with delta and ma of grain and flag leaf. These results emphasised that ma values in flag leaf and grain represent the efficiency of carbon partitioning to the grain. Improved varieties showed higher delta and ma values than landraces. Differences between Middle-East and West Mediterranean genotypes for the measured traits were also presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Merah
- Institut de biotechnologie des plantes, UMR 8618, Bât. 630, université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Merah O, Monneveux P, Deléens E. Relationships between flag leaf carbon isotope discrimination and several morpho-physiological traits in durum wheat genotypes under Mediterranean conditions. Environ Exp Bot 2001; 45:63-71. [PMID: 11165632 DOI: 10.1016/s0098-8472(00)00081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between flag leaf carbon isotope discrimination (Delta), water status parameters, residual transpiration (RT) and stomatal density (SD) were examined on a collection of 144 durum wheat accessions. Associations between Delta, grain yield (GY) and harvest index (HI) were also studied. The field trial was conducted under Mediterranean conditions. The crop cycle was characterised by a period of drought from February until maturity. A broad range of values we obtained for Delta (16.5-19.9 per thousand) and other physiological traits. Flag leaf Delta was positively and significantly correlated with both HI and GY. Delta was better correlated with HI than with GY, which suggests that higher Delta values indicate higher efficiency of carbon partitioning to the kernel, leading to higher GY. Delta was found positively related with RT and negatively related with SD. This relationship may indicate a possible SD component of RT due to the association between conductance and SD. Strong positive correlations were found between Delta and water status parameters, suggesting that Delta may provide a good indication of plant water status in durum wheat under rainfed Mediterranean conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Merah
- Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UMR 8618, Bat 630, Université de Paris-Sud, Centre d'Orsay, 91405 Cedex, Orsay, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
• Dry mass per unit of leaf area (LDM) and ash content were evaluated as alternative criteria for carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) in durum wheat (Triticum durum) flag leaves and grains. • Using correlation analysis the relationships between the three parameters (LDM, Δ, ash content) and productivity were determined over three consecutive years in 37 field-grown durum wheat genotypes under contrasting drought conditions. • Highly significant differences were found between years and among genotypes for all measured traits. Grain Δ and ash content, and LDM and flag leaf Δ were negatively correlated under nondroughted conditions. Positive correlations were found between grain yield, harvest index and both Δ and ash content of the flag leaf under drought. No significant correlations were found between LDM and both Δ and grain yield. • Differences in LDM do not predict variations in Δ, whereas ash content of grain and flag leaf (under droughted conditions) might be useful in predicting Δ and grain yield. Ash content might provide an alternative screening method in the improvement of drought tolerance and yield stability in durum wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othmane Merah
- Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UMR 8618, Université de Paris-Sud, Centre d'Orsay, Bat 630, F-91405-Orsay Cedex, France
- UFR de Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes, ENSA-INRA, Bât. 33, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Eliane Deléens
- Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UMR 8618, Université de Paris-Sud, Centre d'Orsay, Bat 630, F-91405-Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Irenée Souyris
- UFR de Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes, ENSA-INRA, Bât. 33, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Monneveux
- UFR de Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes, ENSA-INRA, Bât. 33, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Merah O, Deléens E, Teulat B, Monneveux P. Productivity and carbon isotope discrimination in durum wheat organs under a Mediterranean climate. C R Acad Sci III 2001; 324:51-7. [PMID: 11212502 DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(00)01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For durum wheat, we promote the use of carbon isotope discrimination (delta) as an indirect selection criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield (GY), and we identify the most effective organ for characterising delta genotypic variation. A field experiment was conducted in the South of France on 144 accessions, with a drought period occurring from February to June. Harvest index (HI), GY and delta (delta L, flag leaf; delta A, awn, delta G grain) were measured. Significant positive genetic correlations were noted between delta and both GY and HI. A larger genotypic variation and a higher broad-sense heritability were noted for delta G compared to delta L and delta A. delta G correlated better with GY and HI than delta L and delta A, showing that delta G could provide a better assessment of genotypic behaviours under drought during grain filling. Moreover, the indirect selection based on delta G (even when evaluated with one replicate) appeared more efficient than the direct selection for grain yield. This result emphasised the potential value of grain carbon isotope discrimination as a criterion for grain yield improvement under stressed Mediterranean conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Merah
- UFR de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Ensa-Inra, 2, place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|