1
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Hunter SJ, György C. Sub-micron colloidosomes with tuneable cargo release prepared using epoxy-functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:999-1010. [PMID: 39003819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Pickering emulsions stabilized using epoxy-functional block copolymer nanoparticles should enable the formation of sub-micron colloidosomes that are stable with respect to Ostwald ripening and allow tuneable small-molecule cargo release. EXPERIMENTS Epoxy-functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles of 24 ± 4 nm were prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in n-dodecane. Sub-micron water-in-n-dodecane Pickering emulsions were prepared by high-pressure microfluidization. The epoxy groups were then ring-opened using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to prepare cross-linked colloidosomes. The colloidosomes survived removal of the aqueous phase using excess solvent. The silica shell thickness could be adjusted from 11 to 23 nm by varying the APTES/GlyMA molar ratio. The long-term stability of the colloidosomes was compared to precursor Pickering emulsions. Finally, the permeability of the colloidosomes was examined by encapsulation and release of a small molecule. FINDINGS The Pickering emulsion droplet diameter was reduced from 700 to 200 nm by increasing the salt concentration within the aqueous phase. In the absence of salt, emulsion droplets were unstable due to Ostwald ripening. However, emulsions prepared with 0.5 M NaCl are stable for at least one month. The cross-linked colloidosomes demonstrated much more stable than the precursor sub-micron emulsions prepared without salt. The precursor nanoemulsions exhibited complete release (>99 %) of an encapsulated dye, while higher APTES/GlyMA ratios resulted in much lower dye release, yielding nearly impermeable silica capsules that retained around 95 % of the dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J Hunter
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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2
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Du R, Li X, Fielding LA. Investigating the Formation of Polymer-Nanoparticle Complex Coacervate Hydrogels Using Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly-Derived Nanogels with a Succinate-Functional Core. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:20648-20656. [PMID: 39291829 PMCID: PMC11447913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports polymer-nanoparticle-based complex coacervate (PNCC) hydrogels prepared by mixing anionic nanogels synthesized by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and cationic branched poly(ethylenimine) (bPEI). Specifically, poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate)58-b-poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate)500 (PKSPMA58-PMES500) nanogels were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-mediated PISA. These nanogels swell on increasing the solution pH and form free-standing hydrogels at 20% w/w and pH ≥ 7.5. However, the addition of bPEI significantly improves the gel properties through the formation of PNCCs. Diluted bPEI/nanoparticle mixtures were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and aqueous electrophoresis to examine the mechanism of PNCC formation. The influence of pH and the bPEI-to-nanogel mass ratio (MR) on the formation of these PNCC hydrogels was subsequently investigated. A maximum gel strength of 1300 Pa was obtained for 20% w/w bPEI/PKSPMA58-PMES500 PNCC hydrogels prepared at pH 9 with an MR of 0.1, and shear-thinning behavior was observed in all cases. After the removal of shear, these PNCC gels recovered rapidly, with the recovery efficiency being pH-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Du
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Lee A. Fielding
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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3
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Cheng S, Wang J, Li C, He S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Dong J, Li X. Morphology and Emulsification of Poly( N-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone)- b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) Assemblies by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:36917-36925. [PMID: 39246494 PMCID: PMC11375704 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a series of amphiphilic diblock copolymers poly(N-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PNMP m -b-PBzMA n ) were developed by the dispersion polymerization method in ethanol. The polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) behaviors were studied systematically, and a comprehensive structure-property relationship was also established. Two distinct PISA tendencies were observed, which was mainly depended on the polymerization degree m of PNMP segment. When m is small such as 39 and 55, morphological transitions from spherical to vesicle-like assemblies via wormlike ones upon increasing n commonly happen regardless of the solid content. Alternatively, spherical assemblies became the sole morphology for PNMP64-b-PBzMA n block copolymers because of the excellent solvophilicity of the PNMP64 segment. Attributing to the amphiphilicity of PNMP m -b-PBzMA n block copolymers, PNMP m -b-PBzMA n assemblies by PISA are a type of excellent Pickering emulsifiers. These assemblies prefer to stabilize O/W Pickering emulsions as confirmed by the confocal laser scanning microscopy method, and the effects of polymerization degree of PBzMA segment or morphologies of PNMP m -b-PBzMA n assemblies are finite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuozhen Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Chemistry Metrology Division, Hubei Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Wuhan 430200, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeable Oil and Gas Fields, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Sixian He
- Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeable Oil and Gas Fields, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Yashuang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeable Oil and Gas Fields, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Jinfeng Dong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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4
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Tian X, Xu H, Qiu T, Wu F, Li X, Guo L. The Valence-Dependent Activity of Colloidal Molecules as Ice Recrystallization Inhibitors. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:935-942. [PMID: 39007898 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by advances in cryopreservation techniques, which are essential for modern biomedical applications, there is a special interest in the ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) of the antifreeze protein (AFPs) mimics. There are in-depth studies on synthetic materials mimicking AFPs, from simple molecular structure levels to complex self-assemblies. Herein, we report the valence-dependent IRI activity of colloidal organic molecules (CMs). The CMs were prepared through polymerization-induced particle-assembly (PIPA) of the ABC-type triblock terpolymer of poly(acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride)-b-poly(benzyl acrylate)-b-poly(diacetone acrylamide) (PATAC-b-PBzA-b-PDAAM) at high monomer conversions. Stabilized by the cationic block of PATAC, the strong intermolecular H-bonding and incompatibility of the PDAAM block with PBzA contributed to the in situ formation of Janus particles (AX1) beyond the initial spherical seed particles (AX0), as well as the high valency clusters of linear AX2 and trigonal AX3. Their distribution was controlled mainly by the polymerization degrees (DPs) of PATAC and PDAAM blocks. IRI activity results of the CMs suggest that the higher fraction of AX1 results in the better IRI activity. Increasing the fraction of AX1 from 27% to 65% led to a decrease of the mean grain size from 39.8% to 10.9% and a depressed growth rate of ice crystals by 58%. Moreover, by replacing the PDAAM block with the temperature-responsive one of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), temperature-adjustable IRI activity was observed, which is well related to the reversible transition of AX0 to AX1, providing a new idea for the molecular design of amphiphilic polymer nanoparticle-based IRI activity materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Huangbing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Teng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Fengjiao Wu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Longhai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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Oumerri J, Qayouh H, Arteni AA, Six JL, Lahcini M, Ferji K. One-pot Formulation of Cationic Oligochitosan Coated Nanoparticles via Photo- Polymerization Induced Self-Assembly. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400291. [PMID: 38646967 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
During last few decades, oligochitosan (OCS)-coated nanoparticles have received great interest for nanomedicine, food and environment applications. However, their current formulation techniques are time-consuming with multi-synthesis/purification steps and sometimes require the use of organic solvents, crosslinkers and surfactants. Herein, we report a facile and rapid one-pot synthesis of OCS-based nanoparticles using photo-initiated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization-induced self-assembly (Photo-RAFT PISA) under UV-irradiation at room temperature. To achieve this, OCS was first functionalized by a chain transfer agent (CTA) resulting in a macromolecular chain transfer agent (OCS-CTA), which will act as a reactive electrostatic/steric stabilizer. Owing to its UV-sensitivity, OCS-CTA was then used as photo-iniferter to initiate the polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) in aqueous acidic buffer, resulting in OCS-g-PHPMA amphiphilic grafted copolymers which self-assemble into nano-objects. Transmission electron microscopy and light scattering analysis reveal formation of spherical nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Oumerri
- Laboratoire de chimie physique macromoleculaire (LCPM), Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, F-54000, NANCY, France
- LCO2MC, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hicham Qayouh
- LCO2MC, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Ana Andreea Arteni
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 1 Av. de la Terrasse Bâtiment 21, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Luc Six
- Laboratoire de chimie physique macromoleculaire (LCPM), Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, F-54000, NANCY, France
| | - Mohammed Lahcini
- LCO2MC, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, ISSB-P, 43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Khalid Ferji
- Laboratoire de chimie physique macromoleculaire (LCPM), Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, F-54000, NANCY, France
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Back JH, Kim JS, Kim Y, Kim HJ. Heterogeneous Acrylic Resins with Bicontinuous Nanodomains as Low-Modulus Flexible Adhesives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403497. [PMID: 38924649 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Adhesives play a critical role in the assembly of electronic devices, particularly as devices become more diverse in form factors. Flexible displays require highly transparent and rapidly recoverable adhesives with a certain stiffness. In this study, novel structured adhesives are developed that incorporate bicontinuous nanodomains to fabricate flexible adhesives with low moduli. This structure is obtained via polymerization-induced microphase separation using a macro chain transfer agent (CTA). Phase separation is characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis. By optimizing the length of the macro CTA, an adhesive with both hard and soft nanodomains is produced, resulting in exceptional flexibility (strain recovery = 93%) and minimal modulus (maximum stress/applied strain = 7 kPa), which overperforms traditional adhesives. The optimized adhesive exhibits excellent resilience under extensive strain, as well as strong adhesion and transparency. Furthermore, dynamic folding tests demonstrate the exceptional stability of the adhesive under various temperature and humidity conditions, which is attributed to its unique structure. In summary, the distinct bicontinuous phase structure confers excellent transparency, flexibility, and reduced stiffness to the adhesive, rendering it well-suited for commercial foldable displays and suggesting potential applications in stretchable displays and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ho Back
- Program in Environmental Materials Science, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Kim
- Program in Environmental Materials Science, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Kim
- Samsung Display Co. Ltd., Cheonan, 31086, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joong Kim
- Program in Environmental Materials Science, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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7
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Deng Z, Sun Y, Chen A. Light-Triggered Reversible Swelling of Azobenzene-Containing Block Copolymer Worms via Confined Deformation Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400372. [PMID: 38885423 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive block copolymer nanoparticles (NPs) have received close attention in recent years owing to their tremendous application potential in smart materials. Azobenzene-containing NPs are widely studied due to the advantages of light as a stimulus and fast reversible trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene chromophores. However, the inefficient preparation process and difficult reversible transformation of morphologies limit their development. Herein it is demonstrated that the light-triggered reversible swelling behavior of wormlike NPs with high azobenzene content could be realized via confined deformation. These worms are prepared in large quantities via polymerization-induced self-assembly based on the copolymerization of 11-(4-(4-butylphenylazo)phenoxy)undecyl methacrylate (MAAz) and N-(methacryloxy)succinimide (NMAS) monomers. Upon UV/visible light irradiation, the reversible deformation of worms is achieved when the feed molar ratio of NMAS/MAAz is relatively high or via crosslinking using diamines, which leads to the reduction of the photoisomerization efficiency. The diameter variation of the worms is influenced by the amount and types of crosslinkers. Moreover, the scalability of this strategy is further proved by the fabrication of photo- and reductant-responsive crosslinked worms. It is expected that this study not only provides a new route to affording reversible photoresponsive NPs but also offers a unique insight into the reversible photodeformation mechanism of azobenzene-containing NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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8
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Serkhacheva NS, Prokopov NI, Lysenko EA, Kozhunova EY, Chernikova EV. Modern Trends in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1408. [PMID: 38794601 PMCID: PMC11125046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for producing colloidal dispersions of block copolymer particles with desired morphologies. Currently, PISA can be carried out in various media, over a wide range of temperatures, and using different mechanisms. This method enables the production of biodegradable objects and particles with various functionalities and stimuli sensitivity. Consequently, PISA offers a broad spectrum of potential commercial applications. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of rational synthesis of block copolymer particles with diverse morphologies using various PISA techniques and mechanisms. The discussion begins with an examination of the main thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of block copolymer micellization, followed by an exploration of the key principles of PISA in the formation of gradient and block copolymers. The review also delves into the main mechanisms of PISA implementation and the principles governing particle morphology. Finally, the potential future developments in PISA are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Serkhacheva
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nickolay I. Prokopov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii A. Lysenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kozhunova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
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Zhang F, Yao Q, Niu Y, Chen X, Zhou H, Bai L, Kong Z, Li Y, Cheng H. In Situ Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Polymeric Vesicles for Antibacterial Applications. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300223. [PMID: 38647351 PMCID: PMC11095202 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Silver/polymeric vesicle composite nanoparticles with good antibacterial properties were fabricated in this study. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared in situ on cross-linked vesicle membranes through the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via coordination bonding between the Ag+ ions and the nitrogen atoms on the vesicles. X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed the formation of AgNPs on the vesicles. The antibacterial test demonstrated good antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) for the produced AgNP-decorated vesicles. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the AgNP-decorated vesicles for E. coli and S. aureus were 8.4 and 9.6 μg/mL, respectively. Cell viability analysis on the A549 cells indicated that the toxicity was low when the AgNP concentrations did not exceed the MIC values, and the wound healing test confirmed the good antibacterial properties of the AgNP-decorated vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Qian Yao
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Yanling Niu
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Zejuan Kong
- Institute of BiologyHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Yantao Li
- Institute of Energy ResourcesHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Hua Cheng
- Institute of BiologyHebei Academy of Sciences050081ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina
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Yue Q, Wang S, Jones ST, Fielding LA. Multifunctional Self-Assembled Block Copolymer/Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogels Formed from Wormlike Micelles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38592714 PMCID: PMC11056933 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This article reports the preparation of multifunctional magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels formed from wormlike micelles. Specifically, iron oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into a temperature responsive block copolymer, poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PGMA-b-PHPMA), and graphene oxide (GO) dispersion at a low temperature (∼2 °C) through high-speed mixing and returning the mixture to room temperature, resulting in the formation of nanocomposite gels. The optimal concentrations of iron oxide and GO enhanced the gel strength of the nanocomposite gels, which exhibited a strong magnetic response when a magnetic field was applied. These materials retained the thermoresponsiveness of the PGMA-PHPMA wormlike micelles allowing for a solid-to-liquid transition to occur when the temperature was reduced. The mechanical and rheological properties and performance of the nanocomposite gels were demonstrated to be adjustable, making them suitable for a wide range of potential applications. These nanocomposite worm gels were demonstrated to be relatively adhesive and to act as strain and temperature sensors, with the measured electrical resistance of the nanocomposite gels changing with applied strain and temperature sweeps. The nanocomposite gels were found to recover efficiently after the application of high shear with approximately 100% healing efficiency within seconds. Additionally, these nanocomposite worm gels were injectable, and the addition of GO and iron oxide nanomaterials seemed to have no significant adverse impact on the biocompatibility of the copolymer gels, making them suitable not only for 3D printing in nanocomposite engineering but also for potential utilization in various biomedical applications as an injectable magnetic responsive hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yue
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Samuel T. Jones
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Lee A. Fielding
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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11
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Maitland GL, Liu M, Neal TJ, Hammerton J, Han Y, Worrall SD, Topham PD, Derry MJ. Block copolymer synthesis in ionic liquid via polymerisation-induced self-assembly: a convenient route to gel electrolytes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4416-4426. [PMID: 38516087 PMCID: PMC10952082 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06717c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We report for the first time a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation-induced self-assembly (RAFT-PISA) formulation in ionic liquid (IL) that yields worm gels. A series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PHEMA-b-PBzMA) block copolymer nanoparticles were synthesised via RAFT dispersion polymerisation of benzyl methacrylate in the hydrophilic IL 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide, [EMIM][DCA]. This RAFT-PISA formulation can be controlled to afford spherical, worm-like and vesicular nano-objects, with free-standing gels being obtained over a broad range of PBzMA core-forming degrees of polymerisation (DPs). High monomer conversions (≥96%) were obtained within 2 hours for all PISA syntheses as determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and good control over molar mass was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Nanoparticle morphologies were identified using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and further detailed characterisation was conducted to monitor rheological, electrochemical and thermal characteristics of the nanoparticle dispersions to assess their potential in future electronic applications. Most importantly, this new PISA formulation in IL facilitates the in situ formation of worm ionogel electrolyte materials at copolymer concentrations >4% w/w via efficient and convenient synthesis routes without the need for organic co-solvents or post-polymerisation processing/purification. Moreover, we demonstrate that the worm ionogels developed in this work exhibit comparable electrochemical properties and thermal stability to that of the IL alone, showcasing their potential as gel electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia L Maitland
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Thomas J Neal
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - James Hammerton
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Yisong Han
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Stephen D Worrall
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Paul D Topham
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
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12
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Zhang S, Li R, An Z. Degradable Block Copolymer Nanoparticles Synthesized by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315849. [PMID: 38155097 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) combines polymerization and in situ self-assembly of block copolymers in one system and has become a widely used method to prepare block copolymer nanoparticles at high concentrations. The persistence of polymers in the environment poses a huge threat to the ecosystem and represents a significant waste of resources. There is an urgent need to develop novel chemical approaches to synthesize degradable polymers. To meet with this demand, it is crucial to install degradability into PISA nanoparticles. Most recently, degradable PISA nanoparticles have been synthesized by introducing degradation mechanisms into either shell-forming or core-forming blocks. This Minireview summarizes the development in degradable block copolymer nanoparticles synthesized by PISA, including shell-degradable, core-degradable, and all-degradable nanoparticles. Future development will benefit from expansion of polymerization techniques with new degradation mechanisms and adaptation of high-throughput approaches for both PISA syntheses and degradation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zesheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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13
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Zhu J, Wang R, Ma Z, Zuo W, Zhu M. Unleashing the Power of PET-RAFT Polymerization: Journey from Porphyrin-Based Photocatalysts to Combinatorial Technologies and Advanced Bioapplications. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1371-1390. [PMID: 38346318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of photoinduced energy/electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (PET-RAFT) not only revolutionized the field of photopolymerization but also accelerated the development of porphyrin-based photocatalysts and their analogues. The continual expansion of the monomer family compatible with PET-RAFT polymerization enhances the range of light radiation that can be harnessed, providing increased flexibility in polymerization processes. Furthermore, the versatility of PET-RAFT polymerization extends beyond its inherent capabilities, enabling its integration with various technologies in diverse fields. This integration holds considerable promise for the advancement of biomaterials with satisfactory bioapplications. As researchers delve deeper into the possibilities afforded by PET-RAFT polymerization, the collaborative efforts of individuals from diverse disciplines will prove invaluable in unleashing its full potential. This Review presents a concise introduction to the fundamental principles of PET-RAFT, outlines the progress in photocatalyst development, highlights its primary applications, and offers insights for future advancements in this technique, paving the way for exciting innovations and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ruili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
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14
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Zheng Y, Niino H, Chatani S, Goto A. Preparation of Block Copolymer Self-Assemblies via Pisa in a Non-Polar Medium Based on RCMP. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300635. [PMID: 38284465 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is conducted in a non-polar medium (n-dodecane) via reversible complexation-mediated polymerization (RCMP). Stearyl methacrylate (SMA) is used to synthesize a macroinitiator, and subsequent block polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) from the macroinitiator in n-dodecane afforded a PSMA-PBzMA block copolymer, where PSMA is poly(stearyl methacrylate) and PBzMA is poly(benzyl methacrylate). Because PSMA is soluble but PBzMA is insoluble in n-dodecane, the block copolymer formed a self-assembly during the block polymerization (PISA). Spherical micelles, worms, and vesicles are obtained, depending on the degrees of polymerization of PSMA and PBzMA. "One-pot" PISA is also attained; namely, BzMA is directly added to the reaction mixture of the macroinitiator synthesis, and PISA is conducted in the same pot without purification of the macroinitiator. The spherical micelle and vesicle structures are also fixed using a crosslinkable monomer during PISA. RCMP-PISA is highly attractive as it is odorless and metal-free. The "one-pot" synthesis does not require the purification of the macroinitiator. RCMP-PISA can provide a practical approach to synthesize self-assemblies in non-polar media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
| | - Hiroshi Niino
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima, 739-0693, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chatani
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima, 739-0693, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
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15
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Astier S, Johnson EC, Norvilaite O, Varlas S, Brotherton EE, Sanderson G, Leggett GJ, Armes SP. Controlling Adsorption of Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles onto an Aldehyde-Functionalized Hydrophilic Polymer Brush via pH Modulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38320303 PMCID: PMC10883040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles with a well-defined spherical morphology and tunable diameter were prepared by RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate at 70 °C. The steric stabilizer precursor used for these syntheses contained pendent cis-diol groups, which means that such nanoparticles can react with a suitable aldehyde-functional surface via acetal bond formation. This principle is examined herein by growing an aldehyde-functionalized polymer brush from a planar silicon wafer and studying the extent of nanoparticle adsorption onto this model substrate from aqueous solution at 25 °C using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The adsorbed amount, Γ, depends on both the nanoparticle diameter and the solution pH, with minimal adsorption observed at pH 7 or 10 and substantial adsorption achieved at pH 4. Variable-temperature QCM studies provide strong evidence for chemical adsorption, while scanning electron microscopy images recorded for the nanoparticle-coated brush surface after drying indicate mean surface coverages of up to 62%. This fundamental study extends our understanding of the chemical adsorption of nanoparticles on soft substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Astier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Edwin C Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Oleta Norvilaite
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Emma E Brotherton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - George Sanderson
- GEO Specialty Chemicals, Hythe, Southampton, Hampshire SO45 3ZG, U.K
| | - Graham J Leggett
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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16
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Hunter SJ, Chohan P, Varlas S, Armes SP. Effect of Temperature, Oil Type, and Copolymer Concentration on the Long-Term Stability of Oil-in-Water Pickering Nanoemulsions Prepared Using Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38316052 PMCID: PMC10883058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) (PGMA) precursor was chain-extended with 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous emulsion polymerization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies confirmed the formation of well-defined PGMA52-PTFEMA50 spherical nanoparticles, while dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies indicated a z-average diameter of 26 ± 6 nm. These sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles were used as emulsifiers to prepare oil-in-water Pickering nanoemulsions: either n-dodecane or squalane was added to an aqueous dispersion of nanoparticles, followed by high-shear homogenization and high-pressure microfluidization. The Pickering nature of such nanoemulsion droplets was confirmed via cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The long-term stability of such Pickering nanoemulsions was evaluated by analytical centrifugation over a four-week period. The n-dodecane droplets grew in size significantly faster than squalane droplets: this is attributed to the higher aqueous solubility of the former oil, which promotes Ostwald ripening. The effect of adding various amounts of squalane to the n-dodecane droplet phase prior to emulsification was also explored. The addition of up to 40% (v/v) squalane led to more stable nanoemulsions, as judged by analytical centrifugation. The nanoparticle adsorption efficiency at the n-dodecane-water interface was assessed by gel permeation chromatography when using nanoparticle concentrations of 4.0, 7.0, or 10% w/w. Increasing the nanoparticle concentration not only produced smaller droplets but also reduced the adsorption efficiency, as confirmed by TEM studies. Furthermore, the effect of varying the nanoparticle concentration (2.5, 5.0, or 10% w/w) on the long-term stability of n-dodecane-in-water Pickering nanoemulsions was explored over a four-week period. Nanoemulsions prepared at higher nanoparticle concentrations were more unstable and exhibited a faster rate of Ostwald ripening. The nanoparticle adsorption efficiency was monitored for an aging nanoemulsion prepared at a copolymer concentration of 2.5% w/w. As the droplets ripened over time, the adsorption efficiency remained constant (∼97%). This suggests that nanoparticles desorbed from the shrinking smaller droplets and then readsorbed onto larger droplets over time. Finally, the effect of temperature on the stability of Pickering nanoemulsions was examined. Storing these Pickering nanoemulsions at elevated temperatures led to faster rates of Ostwald ripening, as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J Hunter
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, U.K
| | - Priyanka Chohan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, South Yorkshire, U.K
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, South Yorkshire, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, South Yorkshire, U.K
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17
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Farmer MH, Musa OM, Haug I, Naumann S, Armes SP. Synthesis of Poly(propylene oxide)-Poly( N,N'-dimethylacrylamide) Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles via Reverse Sequence Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2024; 57:317-327. [PMID: 38222027 PMCID: PMC10782481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles comprising poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) cores are prepared via reverse sequence polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) in aqueous solution. N,N'-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAC) acts as a cosolvent for the weakly hydrophobic trithiocarbonate-capped PPO precursor. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of DMAC is initially conducted at 80% w/w solids with deoxygenated water. At 30-60% DMAC conversion, the reaction mixture is diluted to 5-25% w/w solids. The PPO chains become less solvated as the DMAC monomer is consumed, which drives in situ self-assembly to form aqueous dispersions of PPO-core nanoparticles of 120-190 nm diameter at 20 °C. Such RAFT polymerizations are well-controlled (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.31), and more than 99% DMAC conversion is achieved. The resulting nanoparticles exhibit thermoresponsive character: dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy studies indicate the formation of more compact spherical nanoparticles of approximately 33 nm diameter on heating to 70 °C. Furthermore, 15-25% w/w aqueous dispersions of such nanoparticles formed micellar gels that undergo thermoreversible (de)gelation on cooling to 5 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
A. H. Farmer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Osama M. Musa
- Ashland
Specialty Ingredients, 1005 US 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Iris Haug
- Institute
of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Naumann
- Institute
of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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18
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Liao G, Derry MJ, Smith AJ, Armes SP, Mykhaylyk OO. Determination of Reaction Kinetics by Time-Resolved Small-Angle X-ray Scattering during Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Direct Evidence for Monomer-Swollen Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312119. [PMID: 37996999 PMCID: PMC10952692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of heterogeneous polymerization is determined directly using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This important advancement is exemplified for the synthesis of sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) in mineral oil at 90 °C. The principle of mass balance is invoked to derive a series of equations for the analysis of the resulting time-resolved SAXS patterns. Importantly, there is a continuous change in the X-ray scattering length density for the various components within the reaction mixture. This enables the volume fraction of unreacted BzMA monomer to be calculated at any given time point, which enables the polymerization kinetics to be monitored in situ directly without relying on supplementary characterization techniques. Moreover, SAXS enables the local concentration of both monomer and solvent within the growing swollen nanoparticles to be determined during the polymerization. Data analysis reveals that the instantaneous rate of BzMA polymerization is proportional to the local monomer concentration within the nanoparticles. In principle, this powerful new time-resolved SAXS approach can be applicable to other heterogeneous polymerization formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Liao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldS3 7HFUK
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySchool of Emergent Soft MatterGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Matthew J. Derry
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldS3 7HFUK
- Aston Advanced Materials Research CentreAston UniversityAston TriangleBirminghamB4 7ETUK
| | - Andrew J. Smith
- Beamline I22Diamond Light Source LtdDiamond HouseDidcotOX11 0DEUK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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19
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Hunter SJ, Abu Elella MH, Johnson EC, Taramova L, Brotherton EE, Armes SP, Khutoryanskiy VV, Smallridge MJ. Mucoadhesive pickering nanoemulsions via dynamic covalent chemistry. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:334-345. [PMID: 37544222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Submicron oil droplets stabilized using aldehyde-functionalized nanoparticles should adhere to the primary amine groups present at the surface of sheep nasal mucosal tissue via Schiff base chemistry. EXPERIMENTS Well-defined sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles of 20 nm diameter were prepared in the form of concentrated aqueous dispersions via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous emulsion polymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) using a water-soluble methacrylic precursor bearing cis-diol groups. Some of these hydroxyl-functional nanoparticles were then selectively oxidized using an aqueous solution of sodium periodate to form a second batch of nanoparticles bearing pendent aldehyde groups within the steric stabilizer chains. Subjecting either hydroxyl- or aldehyde-functional nanoparticles to high-shear homogenization with a model oil (squalane) produced oil-in-water Pickering macroemulsions of 20-30 µm diameter. High-pressure microfluidization of such macroemulsions led to formation of the corresponding Pickering nanoemulsions with a mean droplet diameter of around 200 nm. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) experiments were used to examine adsorption of both nanoparticles and oil droplets onto a model planar substrate bearing primary amine groups, while a fluorescence microscopy-based mucoadhesion assay was developed to assess adsorption of the oil droplets onto sheep nasal mucosal tissue. FINDINGS Squalane droplets coated with aldehyde-functional nanoparticles adhered significantly more strongly to sheep nasal mucosal tissue than those coated with the corresponding hydroxyl-functional nanoparticles. This difference was attributed to the formation of surface imine bonds via Schiff base chemistry and was also observed for the two types of nanoparticles alone in QCM studies. Preliminary biocompatibility studies using planaria indicated only mild toxicity for these new mucoadhesive Pickering nanoemulsions, suggesting potential applications for the localized delivery of hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J Hunter
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Mahmoud H Abu Elella
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Edwin C Johnson
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Laura Taramova
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Emma E Brotherton
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
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20
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Zhang Z, Chen K, Ameduri B, Chen M. Fluoropolymer Nanoparticles Synthesized via Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerizations and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12431-12470. [PMID: 37906708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated polymeric nanoparticles (FPNPs) combine unique properties of fluorocarbon and polymeric nanoparticles, which has stimulated massive interest for decades. However, fluoropolymers are not readily available from nature, resulting in synthetic developments to obtain FPNPs via free radical polymerizations. Recently, while increasing cutting-edge directions demand tailored FPNPs, such materials have been difficult to access via conventional approaches. Reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are powerful methods to afford well-defined polymers. Researchers have applied RDRPs to the fabrication of FPNPs, enabling the construction of particles with improved complexity in terms of structure, composition, morphology, and functionality. Related examples can be classified into three categories. First, well-defined fluoropolymers synthesized via RDRPs have been utilized as precursors to form FPNPs through self-folding and solution self-assembly. Second, thermally and photoinitiated RDRPs have been explored to realize in situ preparations of FPNPs with varied morphologies via polymerization-induced self-assembly and cross-linking copolymerization. Third, grafting from inorganic nanoparticles has been investigated based on RDRPs. Importantly, those advancements have promoted studies toward promising applications, including magnetic resonance imaging, biomedical delivery, energy storage, adsorption of perfluorinated alkyl substances, photosensitizers, and so on. This Review should present useful knowledge to researchers in polymer science and nanomaterials and inspire innovative ideas for the synthesis and applications of FPNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Zhang
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kaixuan Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bruno Ameduri
- Institute Charles Gerhardt of Montpellier (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier 34296, France
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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21
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György C, Armes SP. Recent Advances in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) Syntheses in Non-Polar Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308372. [PMID: 37409380 PMCID: PMC10952376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and highly versatile technique for the rational synthesis of colloidal dispersions of diblock copolymer nanoparticles, including spheres, worms or vesicles. PISA can be conducted in water, polar solvents or non-polar media. In principle, the latter formulations offer a wide range of potential commercial applications. However, there has been just one review focused on PISA syntheses in non-polar media and this prior article was published in 2016. The purpose of the current review article is to summarize the various advances that have been reported since then. In particular, PISA syntheses conducted using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization in various n-alkanes, poly(α-olefins), mineral oil, low-viscosity silicone oils or supercritical CO2 are discussed in detail. Selected formulations exhibit thermally induced worm-to-sphere or vesicle-to-worm morphological transitions and the rheological properties of various examples of worm gels in non-polar media are summarized. Finally, visible absorption spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) enable in situ monitoring of nanoparticle formation, while small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used to examine micelle fusion/fission and chain exchange mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla György
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldDainton BuildingSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
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22
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Chen Y, Tan J, Shen L. Seeded RAFT Polymerization-Induced Self-assembly: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300334. [PMID: 37615609 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has fully proved its versatility for scale-up production of block copolymer nanoparticles with tunable sizes and morphologies; yet, there are still some limitations. Recently, seeded PISA approaches combing PISA with heterogeneous seeded polymerizations have been greatly explored and are expected to overcome the limitations of traditional PISA. In this review, recent advances in seeded PISA that have expanded new horizons for PISA are highlighted including i) general considerations for seeded PISA (e.g., kinetics, the preparation of seeds, the selection of monomers), ii) morphological evolution induced by seeded PISA (e.g., from corona-shell-core nanoparticles to vesicles, vesicles-to-toroid, disassembly of vesicles into nanospheres), and iii) various well-defined nanoparticles with hierarchical and sophisticated morphologies (e.g., multicompartment micelles, porous vesicles, framboidal vesicles, AXn -type colloidal molecules). Finally, new insights into seeded PISA and future perspectives are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
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23
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Farinha JPS. Bright and Stable Nanomaterials for Imaging and Sensing. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3935. [PMID: 37835984 PMCID: PMC10575272 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers strategies to prepare high-performance emissive polymer nanomaterials, combining very high brightness and photostability, to respond to the drive for better imaging quality and lower detection limits in fluorescence imaging and sensing applications. The more common approaches to obtaining high-brightness nanomaterials consist of designing polymer nanomaterials carrying a large number of fluorescent dyes, either by attaching the dyes to individual polymer chains or by encapsulating the dyes in nanoparticles. In both cases, the dyes can be covalently linked to the polymer during polymerization (by using monomers functionalized with fluorescent groups), or they can be incorporated post-synthesis, using polymers with reactive groups, or encapsulating the unmodified dyes. Silica nanoparticles in particular, obtained by the condensation polymerization of silicon alcoxides, provide highly crosslinked environments that protect the dyes from photodegradation and offer excellent chemical modification flexibility. An alternative and less explored strategy is to increase the brightness of each individual dye. This can be achieved by using nanostructures that couple dyes to plasmonic nanoparticles so that the plasmon resonance can act as an electromagnetic field concentrator to increase the dye excitation efficiency and/or interact with the dye to increase its emission quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Paulo Sequeira Farinha
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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24
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Ulker D, Neal TJ, Crawford A, Armes SP. Thermoresponsive Poly( N, N'-dimethylacrylamide)-Based Diblock Copolymer Worm Gels via RAFT Solution Polymerization: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cell Biology Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4285-4302. [PMID: 37616242 PMCID: PMC10498450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
RAFT solution polymerization is used to polymerize 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA). The resulting PHPMA precursor is then chain-extended using N,N'-dimethylacrylamide (DMAC) to produce a series of thermoresponsive PHPMA-PDMAC diblock copolymers. Such amphiphilic copolymers can be directly dispersed in ice-cold water and self-assembled at 20 °C to form spheres, worms, or vesicles depending on their copolymer composition. Construction of a pseudo-phase diagram is required to identify the pure worm phase, which corresponds to a rather narrow range of PDMAC DPs. Such worms form soft, free-standing gels in aqueous solution at around ambient temperature. Rheology studies confirm the thermoresponsive nature of such worms, which undergo a reversible worm-to-sphere on cooling below ambient temperature. This morphological transition leads to in situ degelation, and variable temperature 1H NMR studies indicate a higher degree of (partial) hydration for the weakly hydrophobic PHPMA chains at lower temperatures. The trithiocarbonate end-group located at the end of each PDMAC chain can be removed by treatment with excess hydrazine. The resulting terminal secondary thiol group can form disulfide bonds via coupling, which produces PHPMA-PDMAC-PHPMA triblock copolymer chains. Alternatively, this reactive thiol group can be used for conjugation reactions. A PHPMA141-PDMAC36 worm gel was used to store human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for up to three weeks at 37 °C. MSCs retrieved from this gel subsequently underwent proliferation and maintained their ability to differentiate into osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Ulker
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus TR-99138, Turkey
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Aileen Crawford
- School
of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2TA, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
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25
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Guild J, Knox ST, Burholt SB, Hilton E, Terrill NJ, Schroeder SL, Warren NJ. Continuous-Flow Laboratory SAXS for In Situ Determination of the Impact of Hydrophilic Block Length on Spherical Nano-Object Formation during Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2023; 56:6426-6435. [PMID: 37637307 PMCID: PMC10448749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful technique for characterizing block-copolymer nano-object formation during polymerization-induced self-assembly. To work effectively in situ, it requires high intensity X-rays which enable the short acquisition times required for real-time measurements. However, routine access to synchrotron X-ray sources is expensive and highly competitive. Flow reactors provide an opportunity to obtain temporal resolution by operating at a consistent flow rate. Here, we equip a flow-reactor with an X-ray transparent flow-cell at the outlet which facilitates the use of a low-flux laboratory SAXS instrument for in situ monitoring. The formation and morphological evolution of spherical block copolymer nano-objects was characterized during reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of diacetone acrylamide in the presence of a series of poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) macromolecular chain transfer agents with varying degrees of polymerization. SAXS analysis indicated that during the polymerization, highly solvated, loosely defined aggregates form after approximately 100 s, followed by expulsion of solvent to form well-defined spherical particles with PDAAm cores and PDMAm stabilizer chains, which then grow as the polymerization proceeds. Analysis also indicates that the aggregation number (Nagg) increases during the reaction, likely due to collisions between swollen, growing nanoparticles. In situ SAXS conducted on PISA syntheses using different PDMAm DPs indicated a varying conformation of the chains in the particle cores, from collapsed chains for PDMAm47 to extended chains for PDMAm143. At high conversion, the final Nagg decreased as a function of increasing PDMAm DP, indicating increased steric stabilization afforded by the longer chains which is reflected by a decrease in both core diameter (from SAXS) and hydrodynamic diameter (from DLS) for a constant core DP of 400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan
D. Guild
- School
of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Stephen T. Knox
- School
of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Sam B. Burholt
- Diamond
House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Eleanor.M. Hilton
- School
of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Nicholas J. Terrill
- Diamond
House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Sven L.M. Schroeder
- School
of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Nicholas J. Warren
- School
of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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26
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Stiti A, Cenacchi Pereira AM, Lecommandoux S, Taton D. Group-Transfer Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (GTPISA) in Non-polar Media: An Organocatalyzed Route to Block Copolymer Nanoparticles at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305945. [PMID: 37403785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) enables the synthesis at large scale of a wide variety of functional nanoparticles. However, a large number of works are related to controlled radical polymerization (CRP) methods and are generally undertaken at elevated temperatures (>50 °C). Here is the first report on methacrylate-based nanoparticles fabricated by group transfer polymerization-induced self-assembly (GTPISA) in non-polar media (n-heptane). This GTPISA process is achieved at room temperature (RT) using 1-methoxy-1-(trimethylsiloxy)-2-methylprop-1-ene (MTS) and tetrabutylammonium bis-benzoate (TBABB) as initiator and organic catalyst, respectively. Under these conditions, well-defined metal-free and colorless diblock copolymers are produced with efficient crossover from the non-polar stabilizing poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) block to the non-soluble poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) segment. The resulting PLMA-b-PBzMA block copolymers simultaneously self-assemble into nanostructures of various sizes and morphologies. GTPISA in non-polar solvent proceeds rapidly at RT and avoids the use of sulfur or halogenated compounds or metallic catalysts associated with the implementation of CRP methods, thus expanding the potential of PISA formulations for applications in non-polar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Stiti
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux, INP-ENSCBP, 16 av. Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac cedex, France
- Centre de Recherche de Solaize, T, otalEnergies OneTech, Chemin du Canal-BP 22, 69360, Solaize, France
| | | | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux, INP-ENSCBP, 16 av. Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Daniel Taton
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux, INP-ENSCBP, 16 av. Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac cedex, France
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27
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Phan H, Cavanagh R, Jacob P, Destouches D, Vacherot F, Brugnoli B, Howdle S, Taresco V, Couturaud B. Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymersomes Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3070. [PMID: 37514459 PMCID: PMC10383388 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes are an exciting modality for drug delivery due to their structural similarity to biological cells and their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this regard, the current work aimed to develop multifunctional polymersomes, integrating dye (with hydrophobic Nile red and hydrophilic sulfo-cyanine5-NHS ester as model drugs) encapsulation, stimulus responsiveness, and surface-ligand modifications. Polymersomes constituting poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-b-poly(N-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)acrylamide) (PHPMAm-b-PMTEAM) are prepared by aqueous dispersion RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). The hydrophilic block lengths have an effect on the obtained morphologies, with short chain P(HPMAm)16 affording spheres and long chain P(HPMAm)43 yielding vesicles. This further induces different responses to H2O2, with spheres fragmenting and vesicles aggregating. Folic acid (FA) is successfully conjugated to the P(HPMAm)43, which self-assembles into FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes. The FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes entrap both hydrophobic Nile red (NR) and hydrophilic Cy5 dye. The NR-loaded FA-linked polymersomes exhibit a controlled release of the encapsulated NR dye when exposed to 10 mM H2O2. All the polymersomes formed are stable in human plasma and well-tolerated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These preliminary results demonstrate that, with simple and scalable chemistry, PISA offers access to different shapes and opens up the possibility of the one-pot synthesis of multicompartmental and responsive polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Phan
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), CNRS, University Paris Est Créteil, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Philippa Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | - Benedetta Brugnoli
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Steve Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Benoit Couturaud
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), CNRS, University Paris Est Créteil, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
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28
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Zhu Y, Cao S, Huo M, van Hest JCM, Che H. Recent advances in permeable polymersomes: fabrication, responsiveness, and applications. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7411-7437. [PMID: 37449076 PMCID: PMC10337762 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes are vesicular nanostructures enclosed by a bilayer-membrane self-assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers, which exhibit higher stability compared with their biological analogues (e.g. liposomes). Due to their versatility, polymersomes have found various applications in different research fields such as drug delivery, nanomedicine, biological nanoreactors, and artificial cells. However, polymersomes prepared with high molecular weight components typically display low permeability to molecules and ions. It hence remains a major challenge to balance the opposing features of robustness and permeability of polymersomes. In this review, we focus on the design and strategies for fabricating permeable polymersomes, including polymersomes with intrinsic permeability, the formation of nanopores in the membrane bilayers by protein insertion, and the construction of stimuli-responsive polymersomes. Then, we highlight the applications of permeable polymersomes in the fields of biomimetic nanoreactors, artificial cells and organelles, and nanomedicine, to underline the challenges in the development of polymersomes as soft matter with biomedical utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineerin, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz 55128 Germany
| | - Meng Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Hailong Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineerin, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
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29
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Korpanty J, Wang C, Gianneschi NC. Upper critical solution temperature polymer assemblies via variable temperature liquid phase transmission electron microscopy and liquid resonant soft X-ray scattering. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3441. [PMID: 37301949 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we study the upper critical solution temperature triggered phase transition of thermally responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate-block-polystyrene nanoassemblies in isopropanol. To gain mechanistic insight into the organic solution-phase dynamics of the upper critical solution temperature polymer, we leverage variable temperature liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy correlated with variable temperature liquid resonant soft X-ray scattering. Heating above the upper critical solution temperature triggers a reduction in particle size and a morphological transition from a spherical core shell particle with a complex, multiphase core to a micelle with a uniform core and Gaussian polymer chains attached to the surface. These correlated solution phase methods, coupled with mass spectral validation and modeling, provide unique insight into these thermoresponsive materials. Moreover, we detail a generalizable workflow for studying complex, solution-phase nanomaterials via correlative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Korpanty
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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30
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Hunter SJ, Armes SP. Sterically Stabilized Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles Enable Efficient Preparation of Non-Aqueous Pickering Nanoemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:7361-7370. [PMID: 37186666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the first example of a non-aqueous Pickering nanoemulsion, which comprises glycerol droplets dispersed in mineral oil. The droplet phase is stabilized by hydrophobic sterically stabilized poly(lauryl methacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) nanoparticles which are prepared directly in mineral oil using polymerization-induced self-assembly. First, a glycerol-in-mineral oil Pickering macroemulsion with a mean droplet diameter of 2.1 ± 0.9 μm is prepared via high-shear homogenization using excess nanoparticles as an emulsifier. Then, this precursor macroemulsion is subjected to high-pressure microfluidization (a single pass at an applied pressure of 20,000 psi) to produce glycerol droplets of approximately 200-250 nm diameter. Transmission electron microscopy studies indicate preservation of the distinctive superstructure produced by nanoparticle adsorption at the glycerol/mineral oil interface, thus confirming the Pickering nature of the nanoemulsion. Glycerol is sparingly soluble in mineral oil, thus such nanoemulsions are rather susceptible to destabilization via Ostwald ripening. Indeed, substantial droplet growth occurs within 24 h at 20 °C, as judged by dynamic light scattering. However, this problem can be suppressed by dissolving a non-volatile solute (sodium iodide) in glycerol prior to formation of the nanoemulsion. This reduces diffusional loss of glycerol molecules from the droplets, with analytical centrifugation studies indicating much better long-term stability for such Pickering nanoemulsions (up to 21 weeks). Finally, the addition of just 5% water to the glycerol phase prior to emulsification enables the refractive index of the droplet phase to be matched to that of the continuous phase, leading to relatively transparent nanoemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul J Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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31
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Qiu L, Han X, Xing C, Glebe U. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: An Emerging Tool for Generating Polymer-Based Biohybrid Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207457. [PMID: 36737834 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The combination of biomolecules and synthetic polymers provides an easy access to utilize advantages from both the synthetic world and nature. This is not only important for the development of novel innovative materials, but also promotes the application of biomolecules in various fields including medicine, catalysis, and water treatment, etc. Due to the rapid progress in synthesis strategies for polymer nanomaterials and deepened understanding of biomolecules' structures and functions, the construction of advanced polymer-based biohybrid nanostructures (PBBNs) becomes prospective and attainable. Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), as an efficient and versatile technique in obtaining polymeric nano-objects at high concentrations, has demonstrated to be an attractive alternative to existing self-assembly procedures. Those advantages induce the focus on the fabrication of PBBNs via the PISA technique. In this review, current preparation strategies are illustrated based on the PISA technique for achieving various PBBNs, including grafting-from and grafting-through methods, as well as encapsulation of biomolecules during and subsequent to the PISA process. Finally, advantages and drawbacks are discussed in the fabrication of PBBNs via the PISA technique and obstacles are identified that need to be overcome to enable commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Chengfen Xing
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Molecular Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Ulrich Glebe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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32
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Zhang J, Xiong B, Fu Z, Ning Y, Li D. Synergistic Effect of Hydroxyl and Carboxyl Groups on Promoting Nanoparticle Occlusion within Calcite. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207843. [PMID: 36717276 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Direct occlusion of guest nanoparticles into host crystals enables the straightforward preparation for various of nanocomposite materials with emerging properties. Therefore, it is highly desirable to elucidate the 'design rules' that govern efficient nanoparticle occlusion. Herein, a series of sterically-stabilized nanoparticles are rationally prepared, where the surface stabilizer chains of such nanoparticles are composed of either poly(methacrylic acid), or poly(glycerol monomethacrylate), or poly((2-hydroxy-3-(methacryloyloxy)propyl)serine). Systematic investigation reveals that hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups play a synergistic role in driving nanoparticle incorporation into calcite crystals, where the hydroxyl groups enhance colloidal stability of the nanoparticles and the carboxyl groups provide binding sites for efficient occlusion. The generality of these findings is further validated by extending it to polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that precision synthesis of polymer stabilizers comprising of synergistic functional groups can significantly promote nanoparticle occlusion, thus enabling the efficient construction of organic-inorganic hybrid materials via nanoparticle occlusion strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Biao Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ziyu Fu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yin Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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33
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Liu W, Li X, Wang T, Xiong F, Sun C, Yao X, Huang W. Platinum Drug-Incorporating Polymeric Nanosystems for Precise Cancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208241. [PMID: 36843317 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Platinum (Pt) drugs are widely used in clinic for cancer therapy, but their therapeutic outcomes are significantly compromised by severe side effects and acquired drug resistance. With the emerging immunotherapy and imaging-guided cancer therapy, precise delivery and release of Pt drugs have drawn great attention these days. The targeting delivery of Pt drugs can greatly increase the accumulation at tumor sites, which ultimately enhances antitumor efficacy. Further, with the combination of Pt drugs and other theranostic agents into one nanosystem, it not only possesses excellent synergistic efficacy but also achieves real-time monitoring. In this review, after the introduction of Pt drugs and their characteristics, the recent progress of polymeric nanosystems for efficient delivery of Pt drugs is summarized with an emphasis on multi-modal synergistic therapy and imaging-guided Pt-based cancer treatment. In the end, the conclusions and future perspectives of Pt-encapsulated nanosystems are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Changrui Sun
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xikuang Yao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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34
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Ntetsikas K, Ladelta V, Bhaumik S, Hadjichristidis N. Quo Vadis Carbanionic Polymerization? ACS POLYMERS AU 2023; 3:158-181. [PMID: 37065716 PMCID: PMC10103213 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Living anionic polymerization will soon celebrate 70 years of existence. This living polymerization is considered the mother of all living and controlled/living polymerizations since it paved the way for their discovery. It provides methodologies for synthesizing polymers with absolute control of the essential parameters that affect polymer properties, including molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, composition and microstructure, chain-end/in-chain functionality, and architecture. This precise control of living anionic polymerization generated tremendous fundamental and industrial research activities, developing numerous important commodity and specialty polymers. In this Perspective, we present the high importance of living anionic polymerization of vinyl monomers by providing some examples of its significant achievements, presenting its current status, giving several insights into where it is going (Quo Vadis) and what the future holds for this powerful synthetic method. Furthermore, we attempt to explore its advantages and disadvantages compared to controlled/living radical polymerizations, the main competitors of living carbanionic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ntetsikas
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Viko Ladelta
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saibal Bhaumik
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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35
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Zhao X, Sun C, Xiong F, Wang T, Li S, Huo F, Yao X. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly for Efficient Fabrication of Biomedical Nanoplatforms. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0113. [PMID: 37223484 PMCID: PMC10202185 DOI: 10.34133/research.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic copolymers can self-assemble into nano-objects in aqueous solution. However, the self-assembly process is usually performed in a diluted solution (<1 wt%), which greatly limits scale-up production and further biomedical applications. With recent development of controlled polymerization techniques, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has emerged as an efficient approach for facile fabrication of nano-sized structures with a high concentration as high as 50 wt%. In this review, after the introduction, various polymerization method-mediated PISAs that include nitroxide-mediated polymerization-mediated PISA (NMP-PISA), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization-mediated PISA (RAFT-PISA), atom transfer radical polymerization-mediated PISA (ATRP-PISA), and ring-opening polymerization-mediated PISA (ROP-PISA) are discussed carefully. Afterward, recent biomedical applications of PISA are illustrated from the following aspects, i.e., bioimaging, disease treatment, biocatalysis, and antimicrobial. In the end, current achievements and future perspectives of PISA are given. It is envisioned that PISA strategy can bring great chance for future design and construction of functional nano-vehicles.
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36
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Wei Y, Cui S, Yu L, Ding J. Degradation-Influenced/Induced Self-Assembly of Copolymers with the Combinatory Effects of Changed Molecular Weight and Dispersity. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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37
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Zhong H, Zhao B, Deng J. Synthesis and Application of Fluorescent Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300961. [PMID: 36942688 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent polymer particles have witnessed an increasing interest in recent years, owing to their fascinating physicochemical properties as well as wide-ranging applications. In this review, the state-of-the-art research progress of fluorescent polymer particles in the past five years is summarized. First, the synthesis protocols for fluorescent polymer particles, including emulsion polymerization, precipitation polymerization, dispersion polymerization, suspension polymerization, nanoprecipitation, self-assembly, and post-polymerization modification, are presented in detail. Then, the applications of the resulting beguiling particles in anticounterfeiting, chemical sensing, and biomedicine, are illustrated. Finally, the challenges and opportunities that exist in the field are pointed out. This review aims to offer important guidance and stimulate more research attention to this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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38
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Du R, Fielding LA. Preparation of polymer nanoparticle-based complex coacervate hydrogels using polymerisation-induced self-assembly derived nanogels. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2074-2081. [PMID: 36857682 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01534j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a generic method to prepare polymer nanoparticle-based complex coacervate (PNCC) hydrogels by employing rationally designed nanogels synthesised by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-mediated polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA). Specifically, a poly(potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PKSPMA) macromolecular chain-transfer agent (macro-CTA) was synthesised via RAFT solution polymerisation followed by chain-extension with a statistical copolymer of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) at pH 2. Thus, pH-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) comprising a hydrophobic polyacid core-forming block and a sulfonate-functional stabiliser block were formed. With the introduction of methacrylic acid into the core of the NPs, they become swollen with increasing pH, as judged by dynamic light scattering (DLS), indicating nanogel-type behaviour. PNCC hydrogels were prepared by simply mixing the PISA-derived nanogels and cationic branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI) at 20% w/w. In the absence of MAA in the core of the NPs, gel formation was not observed. The mass ratio between the nanogels and bPEI affected resulting hydrogel strength and a mixture of bPEI and PKSPMA68-P(BzMA0.6-stat-MAA0.4)300 NPs with a mass ratio of 0.14 at pH ∼7 resulted in a hydrogel with a storage modulus of approximately 2000 Pa, as determined by oscillatory rheology. This PNCC hydrogel was shear-thinning and injectable, with recovery of gel strength occurring rapidly after the removal of shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Du
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Lee A Fielding
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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39
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Shape-Shifting Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer Nano-Objects. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:906-920. [PMID: 36566636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this Feature Article, we review our recent progress in the design of shape-shifting thermoresponsive diblock copolymer nano-objects, which are prepared using various hydroxyl-functional (meth)acrylic monomers (e.g. 2‑hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4‑hydroxybutyl acrylate or hydroxybutyl methacrylate) to generate the thermoresponsive block. Unlike traditional thermoresponsive polymers such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), there is no transition between soluble and insoluble polymer chains in aqueous solution. Instead, thermally driven transitions between a series of copolymer morphologies (e.g. spheres, worms, vesicles or lamellae) occur on adjusting the aqueous solution temperature owing to a subtle change in the partial degree of hydration of the permanently insoluble thermoresponsive block. Such remarkable self-assembly behavior is unprecedented in colloid science: no other amphiphilic diblock copolymer or surfactant system undergoes such behavior at a fixed chemical composition and concentration. Such shape-shifting nano-objects are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, rheology and variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Potential applications for this fascinating new class of amphiphiles are briefly considered.
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40
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György C, Kirkman PM, Neal TJ, Chan DHH, Williams M, Smith T, Growney DJ, Armes SP. Enhanced Adsorption of Epoxy-Functional Nanoparticles onto Stainless Steel Significantly Reduces Friction in Tribological Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218397. [PMID: 36651475 PMCID: PMC10962596 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epoxy-functional sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles (ca. 27 nm) are prepared via RAFT dispersion polymerization in mineral oil. Nanoparticle adsorption onto stainless steel is examined using a quartz crystal microbalance. Incorporating epoxy groups within the steric stabilizer chains results in a two-fold increase in the adsorbed amount, Γ, at 20 °C (7.6 mg m-2 ) compared to epoxy-core functional nanoparticles (3.7 mg m-2 ) or non-functional nanoparticles (3.8 mg m-2 ). A larger difference in Γ is observed at 40 °C; this suggests chemical adsorption of the nanoparticles rather than merely physical adsorption. A remarkable near five-fold increase in Γ is observed for ca. 50 nm epoxy-functional nanoparticles compared to non-functional nanoparticles (31.3 vs. 6.4 mg m-2 , respectively). Tribological studies confirm that chemical adsorption of the latter epoxy-functional nanoparticles leads to a significant reduction in friction between 60 °C and 120 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla György
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
| | | | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
| | - Derek H. H. Chan
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
| | | | | | | | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton BuildingDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldSouth YorkshireS3 7HFUK
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41
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Synthesis of soft-core hard-shell nanoparticles by visible PET-RAFT polymerization in dispersion conditions. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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42
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Zhang Z, Xiong Y, Yang P, Li Y, Tang R, Nie X, Chen G, Wang LH, Hong CY, You YZ. Easy Access to Diverse Multiblock Copolymers with On-Demand Blocks via Thioester-Relayed In-Chain Cascade Copolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216685. [PMID: 36786232 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiblock copolymers are envisioned as promising materials with enhanced properties and functionality compared with their diblock/triblock counterparts. However, the current approaches can construct multiblock copolymers with a limited number of blocks but tedious procedures. Here, we report a thioester-relayed in-chain cascade copolymerization strategy for the easy preparation of multiblock copolymers with on-demand blocks, in which thioester groups with on-demand numbers are built in the polymer backbone by controlled/living polymerizations. These thioester groups further serve as the in-chain initiating centers to trigger the acyl group transfer ring-opening polymerization of episulfides independently and concurrently to extend the polymer backbone into multiblock structures. The compositions, number of blocks, and block degree of polymerization can be easily regulated. This strategy can offer easy access to a library of multiblock copolymers with ≈100 blocks in only 2 to 4 steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Peng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02115, USA
| | - Rui Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xuan Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Guang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chun-Yan Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ye-Zi You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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43
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Zhou W, Liang Q, Wu A, Su W, Yu W. Design, synthesis and performance of novel fluorescent polymer microspheres tracers based on aggregation induced emission. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Liang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Aibin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Unconventional Oil and Gas Collaborative Innovation Center Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Su
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Unconventional Oil and Gas Collaborative Innovation Center Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Weichu Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Unconventional Oil and Gas Collaborative Innovation Center Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centers for Clean Production and Pollution Control of Oil and Gas Fields Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei People's Republic of China
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44
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Alexakis AE, Wilson OR, Malmström E. Bimodal nanolatexes prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly: losing control in a controlled manner. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3py00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we demonstrate the potential advantages of reproducible bimodal nanolatexes prepared by the combination of reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization with polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).
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45
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Ikkene D, Six JL, Ferji K. Progress in Aqueous Dispersion RAFT PISA. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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46
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Dao TPT, Vezenkov L, Subra G, Amblard M, Ladmiral V, Semsarilar M. Morphological evolution of poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)- stat-glycine–phenylalanine–phenylalanine–methacrylamide- b-poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate) (P(GMA- stat-(MAm-GFF))- b-PHPMA) block copolymer nano-objects via polymerization-induced self-assembly. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01203k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a study on the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) of self-assembling peptide-containing diblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Tuyen Dao
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Lubomir Vezenkov
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Subra
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Muriel Amblard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Ladmiral
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mona Semsarilar
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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47
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Hurst PJ, Graham AA, Patterson JP. Gaining Structural Control by Modification of Polymerization Rate in Ring-Opening Polymerization-Induced Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:501-509. [PMID: 36536891 PMCID: PMC9756957 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has become an important one pot method for the preparation of well-defined block copolymer nanoparticles. In PISA, morphology is typically controlled by changing molecular architecture and polymer concentration. However, several computational and experimental studies have suggested that changes in polymerization rate can lead to morphological differences. Here, we demonstrate that catalyst selection can be used to control morphology independent of polymer structure and concentration in ring-opening polymerization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly (ROPI-CDSA). Slower rates of polymerization give rise to slower rates of self-assembly, resulting in denser lamellae and more 3D structures when compared to faster rates of polymerization. Our explanation for this is that the fast samples transiently exist in a nonequilibrium state as self-assembly starts at a higher solvophobic block length when compared to the slow polymerization. We expect that subsequent examples of rate variation in PISA will allow for greater control over morphological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joshua Hurst
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Annissa A. Graham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph P. Patterson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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48
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Li P, Zhou P, Wang J, Wang G. Synthesis, characterization, and property of ionized nano‐objects with defined phase separation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penghan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Guowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China
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49
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Xiang Z, Zhao X, Wang G, Qi C, Zhou S, Li J, Gao Y. Diblock copolymer worms stabilized pH-responsive Pickering emulsions: An efficient and recyclable platform for Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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50
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Quintieri G, Schlattmann D, Schönhoff M, Gröschel AH. Fabrication of diverse multicompartment micelles by redispersion of triblock terpolymer bulk morphologies. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:12658-12667. [PMID: 36018306 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03874a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Redispersing block copolymer (BCP) bulk films in selective solvents is a simple and efficient method to prepare BCP micelles and polymersomes. While ABC triblock terpolymers are known to form multicompartment micelles (MCMs) with intricate nanoarchitecture, this is typically done by solvent exchange instead of redispersion of bulk films despite obvious advantages of greatly reduced solvent usage. Here, we provide guidelines on how to form MCMs with defined shapes and inner structure through direct redispersion of terpolymer bulk morphologies in selective plasticizing solvents. For this purpose, we redisperse a series of polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PB-b-PT) triblock terpolymers in acetone/isopropanol mixtures, where PT is always soluble, PB always insoluble, and PS will range from soft (high acetone content) to kinetically frozen (high isopropanol content). We investigate the effect of solvent mixtures, block composition, and thermal annealing on MCM shape and core morphology. Additionally, we performed terpolymer blend experiments to open up a simple route to further diversify the range of accessible MCM morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Quintieri
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Schlattmann
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Monika Schönhoff
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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