1
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Jiang N, Zhu CY, Li KX, Xu YH, Bryce MR. Recent Progress in Nonconventional Luminescent Macromolecules and their Applications. Macromolecules 2024; 57:5561-5577. [PMID: 38948183 PMCID: PMC11210344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Traditional π-conjugated luminescent macromolecules typically suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and high cytotoxicity, and they require complex synthetic processes. In contrast, nonconventional luminescent macromolecules (NCLMs) with nonconjugated structures possess excellent biocompatibility, ease of preparation, unique luminescence behavior, and emerging applications in optoelectronics, biology, and medicine. NCLMs are currently believed to produce inherent luminescence due to through-space conjugation of overlapping electron orbitals in solid/aggregate states. However, as experimental facts continue to exceed expectations or even overturn some previous assumptions, there is still controversy about the detailed luminous mechanism of NCLMs, and extensive studies are needed to further explore the mechanism. This Perspective highlights recent progress in NCLMs and classifies and summarizes these advances from the viewpoint of molecular design, mechanism exploration, applications, and challenges and prospects. The aim is to provide guidance and inspiration for the huge fundamental and practical potential of NCLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly
Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal
University, Changchun, 130103, China
| | - Chang-Yi Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly
Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal
University, Changchun, 130103, China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- Key
Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly
Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal
University, Changchun, 130103, China
| | - Yan-Hong Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly
Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal
University, Changchun, 130103, China
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
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2
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Hassan N, Sanfui MH, Chowdhury D, Roy S, Ghosh NN, Rahaman M, Chang M, Hasnat MA, Chattopadhyay PK, Singha NR. Synthesis of Intrinsically-Fluorescent Aliphatic Tautomeric Polymers for Proton-Conductivity, Dual-State Emission, and Sensing/Oxidation-Reduction of Metal Ions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400363. [PMID: 38950314 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, fluorescent conducting tautomeric polymers (FCTPs) are developed by polymerizing 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid (MPEA), methyl-2-methylpropenoate (MMP), N-(propan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide (PPE), and in situ-anchored 3-(N-(propan-2-yl)prop-2-enamido)-2-methylpropanoic acid (PPEMPA). Among as-synthesized FCTPs, the most promising characteristics in FCTP3 are confirmed by NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies, luminescence enhancements, and computational studies. In FCTP3, ─C(═O)NH─, -C(═O)N<, ─C(═O)OH, and ─C(═O)OCH3 subluminophores are identified by theoretical calculations and experimental analyses. These subluminophores facilitate redox characteristics, solid state emissions, aggregation-enhanced emissions (AEEs), excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), and conductivities in FCTP3. The ESIPT-associated dual emission/AEEs of FCTP3 are elucidated by time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) investigation, solvent polarity effects, concentration-dependent emissions, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, field emission scanning electron microscopy images, and computational calculations. The cyclic voltammetry measurements of FCTP3 indicate cumulative redox efficacy of ─C(═O)OH, ─C(═O)NH─/-C(═O)N<, ─C(─O─)═NH+─/─C(─O─)═N+, and ─C(═N)OH functionalities. In FCTP3, ESIPT-associated dual-emission enable in the selective detection of Cr(III)/Cu(II) at λem1/λem2 with the limit of detection of 0.0343/0.079 ppb. The preferential interaction of Cr(III)/Cu(II) with FCTP3 (amide)/FCTP3 (imidol) and oxidation/reduction of Cr(III)/Cu(II) to Cr(VI)/Cu(I) are further supported by NMR-titration; FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses; TCSPC/electrochemical/DLS measurement; alongside theoretical calculations. The proton conductivity of FCTP3 is explored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and I-V measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadira Hassan
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | - Md Hussain Sanfui
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | - Deepak Chowdhury
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | - Shrestha Roy
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | | | - Mostafizur Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, P.O. Box 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mincheol Chang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Mohammad A Hasnat
- Electrochemistry & Catalysis Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Pijush Kanti Chattopadhyay
- Department of Leather Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | - Nayan Ranjan Singha
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
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3
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Jiang X, Yan S, Sun H, Kong XZ, Li S, Shi H, Zhu X, Gu X. Preparation of fluorescent polyurethane microspheres and their applications as reusable sensor for 4-nitrophenol detection and as microplastics model for visualizing polyurethane in cells and zebrafish. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:550-563. [PMID: 38889546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent microspheres are of significant interests due to their wide applications in biotechnology fields. However, their preparation presents several challenges, such as the need for dye labeling, the complexity of materials and often sophisticated preparation conditions. Here a simple process for hydrophilic and crosslinked polyurethane (CPU) microspheres, with carboxyl groups on the surface via one-step precipitation polymerization in 40 min, is presented. The microsphere size is easily adjusted by varying experimental conditions. CPU microspheres exhibit high thermal and pH stability with good redispersibility in water, and emit fluorescence without any modification or dye labeling. The emission mechanism is discussed. CPU microspheres are used as fluorescent probe to detect 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) based on their emission in UV light region, with excellent selectivity and sensitivity. In addition, they are reusable with detection limit unchanged after 7 cycles of reuses, a significant feature of this work. The mechanism of fluorescence detection is thoroughly explored and ascribed to the internal filtration effect. Based on the emission in visible light region, CPU microspheres are used as a model of PU microplastics (MPs) to visualize their biodistribution in HeLa and macrophage cells, as well as in zebrafish larvae, providing a reliable tracer for the visualization and tracking of PU MPs in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Siqiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiang Zheng Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shusheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Haoran Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiangling Gu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients and Controlled Release Preparations, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China.
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4
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Zhao Y, Xu L, Feng Z, Yin S, Feng W, Yan H. Regulation of Photophysical Behaviors in Hyperbranched Aggregation-Induced Emission Polymers for Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2635-2644. [PMID: 38478586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Developing nonconjugated materials with large Stokes shifts is highly desired. In this work, three kinds of hyperbranched aggregation-induced emission (AIE) polymers with tunable n/π electronic effects were synthesized. HBPSi-CBD contains alkenyl groups in the backbone and possesses a promoted n-π* transition and red-shifted emission wavelength with a large Stokes shift of 186 nm. Experiments and theoretical simulations confirmed that the planar π electrons in the backbone are responsible for the red-shifted emission due to the strong through-space n···π interactions and restricted backbone motions. Additionally, the designed HBPSi-CBD could be utilized as an ROS scavenger after coupling with l-methionine. The HBPSi-Met exhibits remarkable ROS scavenging properties with a scavenging capacity of 77%. This work not only gains further insight into the structure-property relationship of nonconjugated hyperbranched AIE polymers but also provides a promising ROS-scavenging biomaterial for the treatment of ROS-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Zhixuan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Sha Yin
- Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Weixu Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, Xi'an 710129, China
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5
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Wang X, Li Y, A S, Lyu J, Wang X, He Z, Lara-Sáez I, Li M, Wang W. Cyclization-enhanced poly(β-amino ester)s vectors for efficient CRISPR gene editing therapy. J Control Release 2024; 368:444-452. [PMID: 38401849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Among non-viral gene delivery vectors, poly(β-amino ester)s (PAEs) are one of the most versatile candidates because of their wide monomer availability, high polymer flexibility, and superior gene transfection performance both in vitro and in vivo. Over two decades, PAEs have evolved from linear to highly branched structures, significantly enhancing gene delivery efficacy. Building on the proven efficient sets of monomers in highly branched PAEs (HPAEs), this work introduced a new class of cyclic PAEs (CPAEs) constructed via an A2 + B4 + C2 cyclization synthesis strategy and identified their markedly improved gene transfection capabilities in gene delivery applications. Two sets of cyclic PAEs (CPAEs) with rings of different sizes and topologies were obtained. Their chemical structures were confirmed via two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and the photoluminescence phenomena, and their DNA delivery behaviours were investigated and compared with the HPAE counterparts. In vitro assessments demonstrated that the CPAEs with a macrocyclic architecture (MCPAEs), significantly enhanced DNA intracellular uptake and facilitated efficient gene expression while maintaining perfect biocompatibility. The top-performance MCPAEs have been further employed to deliver a plasmid coding dual single guide RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas9 machinery to delete COL7A1 exon 80 containing the c.6527dupC mutation. In recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) patient-derived epidermal keratinocytes, MCPAEs facilitated the CRISPR plasmid delivery and achieved efficient targeted gene editing in multiple colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yinghao Li
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sigen A
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine (AUST-IPM), Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Zhonglei He
- Institute of Precision Medicine (AUST-IPM), Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Irene Lara-Sáez
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
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6
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Xu X, Wang Q, Xu X, Han Q, Nie X, Ding X, Liu X, Li J, Shi Q, Dong H. Unconventional luminescent CS-PEC-based composite hemostasis sponge with antibacterial activity and visual monitoring for wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129735. [PMID: 38281531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional wound dressings are promising medical materials for various applications. Among them, dressings with antimicrobial activity, high biosafety, and real-time monitoring have attracted considerable research interest. Herein, a biodegradable hemostatic sponge comprising a chitosan skeleton and polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex (CS-PEC) was developed as a versatile wound dressing for wound pH monitoring and inhibition of bacterial infection. CS-PEC sponge with high porosity exhibited satisfactory fluid absorption capacity and biocompatibility, along with antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. In vivo experiments in rat liver trauma model revealed that wounds treated with the CS-PEC sponge recorded less blood loss (97.1 mg) and shorter hemostasis time (27.2 s) than those treated with commercial gelatin sponge (309.1 mg and 163.5 s, respectively). Furthermore, PECs based on unconventional luminescent molecules (L-C16-Hyp) were used as pH fluorescent indicators, which endowed the sponge with fluorescence-responsive behavior to wound pH changes in the range of 5.0-8.5. Visual images can be captured using a smartphone and converted to RGB color mode values for on-site assessment of wound status. This study sheds light on the design and application of unconventional luminescent materials in wound dressing and provides a smart and effective solution for wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Qingwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Qiaoyi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.
| | - Junqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Hongxing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Deng J, Yan X, Liu J, Ding L, Miao R, Fang Y. Ultrabright Acrylic Polymers with Tunable Fluorescence Enabled by Imprisoning Single TICT Probe. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300592. [PMID: 37956231 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Bright and colorful fluorescent polymers are ideal materials for a variety of applications. Although polymers could be made fluorescent by physical doping or chemical binding of fluorescent units, it is a great challenge to get colorful and highly emissive polymers with a single fluorophore. Here the development of a general and facile method to synthesize ultrabright and colorful polymers using a single twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) probe is reported. By incorporating polymerizable, highly fluorescent, and environmental sensitive TICT probe, a series of colorful acrylic polymers (emission from 481 to 543 nm) with almost 100% fluorescence quantum yields are prepared. Like the solvatochromic effect, functional groups within side chains of acrylic polymers (including alkyl chain, tetrahydrofurfuryl group, and hydroxyl group) provide varied environmental polarity for the incorporated fluorophore, resulting in a series of colorful polymeric materials. Benefiting from the excellent photophysical properties, the polymers show great potential in encryption, cultural relics protection, white light-emitting diode bulb making, and fingerprint identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jia Deng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Liping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Rong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China
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8
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Xiao H, Shi QX, Li Q, Cai HW, Sun XL, Wan WM, Qian QR. Barbier Polymerization-Induced Emission towards Fully Substituted Polyethylene Analogues with Non-Traditional Intrinsic Luminescence. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303292. [PMID: 38014866 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The properties of polyethylene are highly dependent on the variety and quantity of substitutions. Generally, polyethylene can only be fully substituted with fluorine atoms, mainly e. g., polytetrafluoroethylene and nafion, because atomic radius of fluorine atom is small enough. The preparation of fully substituted polyethylene analogues (FSPEA) and their non-traditional intrinsic luminescence (NTIL) are attractive, especially for substitutions with relatively larger atomic radii than a fluorine atom. Here, Barbier polymerization-induced emission (PIE) is demonstrated as a universal method for the molecular design of NTIL type FSPEAs with intriguing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviors. Through Barbier polymerization of diphenyldichloromethane and different peroxyesters in the presence of Mg in one pot, a series of FSPEAs, including polytriphenylethanol (PTPE), polydiphenylfurylethanol (PDPFE), polydiphenylthiophenylethanol (PDPTE) and polydiphenylnaphthylethanol (PDPNE) have been successfully prepared. Further potential applications for explosive detection, artificial light-harvesting system and white phosphor-converted light-emitting diode are investigated. Therefore, this work opens up a new approach for the molecular design of FSPEA with non-conjugated luminescence, which may cause inspirations to different research fields like polyolefin and luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xiao
- College of Environment and Resources Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Quan-Xi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Hua-Wen Cai
- College of Environment and Resources Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- College of Environment and Resources Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Wen-Ming Wan
- College of Environment and Resources Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qing-Rong Qian
- College of Environment and Resources Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
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9
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Bao J, Tong C, He M, Zhang H. Luminescent polypeptides. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4594. [PMID: 37712500 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptides, as biomacromolecules, hold immense potential in various biological applications such as tissue engineering, immunomodulating agents, and target binding. Among these applications, the attention towards luminescent polypeptides has grown significantly, due to their ability to visualize biological processes effectively. In this perspective, we have compiled information on three distinct types of luminescent polypeptides: natural fluorescent proteins, luminophores-bioconjugated polypeptides, and synthesized polypeptides with clusteroluminescence. Last, we shed light on the significance and prospects of clusteroluminescent polypeptides, which are expected to emerge as crucial new-generation bioluminophores, offering high emission efficiency and tunable emission wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuanye Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxuan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
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10
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Zhang Y, Yan H, Yu R, Yuan J, Yang K, Liu R, He Y, Feng W, Tian W. Hyperbranched Dynamic Crosslinking Networks Enable Degradable, Reconfigurable, and Multifunctional Epoxy Vitrimer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306350. [PMID: 37933980 PMCID: PMC10787098 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Degradation and reprocessing of thermoset polymers have long been intractable challenges to meet a sustainable future. Star strategies via dynamic cross-linking hydrogen bonds and/or covalent bonds can afford reprocessable thermosets, but often at the cost of properties or even their functions. Herein, a simple strategy coined as hyperbranched dynamic crosslinking networks (HDCNs) toward in-practice engineering a petroleum-based epoxy thermoset into degradable, reconfigurable, and multifunctional vitrimer is provided. The special characteristics of HDCNs involve spatially topological crosslinks for solvent adaption and multi-dynamic linkages for reversible behaviors. The resulting vitrimer displays mild room-temperature degradation to dimethylacetamide and can realize the cycling of carbon fiber and epoxy powder from composite. Besides, they have supra toughness and high flexural modulus, high transparency as well as fire-retardancy surpassing their original thermoset. Notably, it is noted in a chance-following that ethanol molecule can induce the reconstruction of vitrimer network by ester-exchange, converting a stiff vitrimer into elastomeric feature, and such material records an ultrahigh modulus (5.45 GPa) at -150 °C for their ultralow-temperature condition uses. This is shaping up to be a potentially sustainable advanced material to address the post-consumer thermoset waste, and also provide a newly crosslinked mode for the designs of high-performance polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Ruizhi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Junshan Yuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Kaiming Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yanyun He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Weixu Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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11
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He Y, Feng W, Qiao Y, Tian Z, Tang BZ, Yan H. Hyperbranched Polyborosiloxanes: Non-traditional Luminescent Polymers with Red Delayed Fluorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312571. [PMID: 37753802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-traditional fluorescent polymers have attracted significant attention for their excellent biocompatibility and diverse applications. However, designing and preparing non-traditional fluorescent polymers that simultaneously possess long emission wavelengths and long fluorescence lifetime remains challenging. In this study, a series of novel hyperbranched polyborosiloxanes (P1-P4) were synthesized. As the electron density increases on the monomer diol, the optimal emission wavelengths of the P1-P4 polymers gradually red-shift to 510, 570, 575, and 640 nm, respectively. In particular, P4 not only exhibits red emission but also demonstrates delayed fluorescence with a lifetime of 9.73 μs and the lowest critical cluster concentration (1.76 mg/mL). The experimental results and theoretical calculations revealed that the synergistic effect of dual heteroatom-induced electron delocalization and through-space O⋅⋅⋅O and O⋅⋅⋅N interaction was the key factor contributing to the red-light emission with delayed fluorescence. Additionally, these polymers showed excellent potential in dual-information encryption. This study provides a universal design strategy for the development of unconventional fluorescent polymers with both delayed fluorescence and long-wavelength emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun He
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Weixu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yujie Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Zhixuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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12
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Kang HR, Jiang BN, Song CH, Huang J, Chu LQ. Synthesis and fluorescent property of carboxymethyl chitosan with different degrees of carboxymethylation and its application for fluorescence turn-on detection of Cd(II) ion. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126252. [PMID: 37562480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) has proved to be an intrinsically fluorescent material with aggregation-induced emission characteristic. In order to elucidate the influence of CMCS's chemical structure and solution behavior on its fluorescent intensity, two series of CMCS with different degrees of carboxymethylation (DCM) are synthesized by adjusting the mass ratio of monochloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide to chitosan at various reaction temperature and time, and then characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Their solution behaviors at different pH values are studied via zeta potential and ultraviolet-visible measurements. The data reveal that the isoelectronic point (IEP) of a CMCS decreases with increasing DCM, and all the CMCSs have good water solubility at pH range below their IEPs. Fluorescence spectra indicate that a CMCS shows the highest fluorescent intensity in a slightly acidic environment next to its IEP, and the photoluminescence of a CMCS solution increases significantly after heat treatment above T = 70 °C. Furthermore, we compare for the first time the use of heated CMCS solutions for the fluorescence turn-on detection of cadmium ion in pure and tap water, respectively. The limit of detection is found to be ca. 1 μM for the Cd2+ in pure water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ran Kang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bo-Nan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Song
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ju Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Li-Qiang Chu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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13
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Du Y, Liu Y, Li J, He Y, Li Y, Yan H. Nonconventional Luminescent Piperazine-Containing Hyperbranched Polysiloxanes with Pure n-electron. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302095. [PMID: 37267933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nonconventional luminogens with high quantum yield (QY) possess very potential applications in various fields. However, the preparation of such luminogens remains a great challenge. Herein, the first example of piperazine-containing hyperbranched polysiloxane exhibiting blue and green fluorescence is reported under the irradiation of different excitation wavelength and a high QY of 20.9%. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results revealed that the through-space conjugation (TSC) within the clusters of N and O atoms is produced via the induction of multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds and flexible SiO units, which is accountable for the fluorescence. Meanwhile, the introduction of the rigid piperazine units not only rigidifies the conformation, but also enhances the TSC. In addition, the fluorescence of both P1 and P2 shows concentration-, excitation-, and solvent-dependent emission, especially exhibits significant pH-dependent emission and obtains an ultrahigh QY of 82.6% at pH 5. The synthetic luminogens show excellent applications in fluorescence detection for Fe3+ and Co2+ , information encryption, and fluorescent film. This study provides a novel strategy to rationally design high-efficiency nonconventional luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqun Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Jangwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Yanyun He
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Yanbin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, 526000, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shaanxi, 710129, China
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14
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Peng B, Zhang K, He MY. P-Band Intermediate States Mediate Electron Transfer at Confined Nanoscale. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13409-13419. [PMID: 37703076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
In this Perspective, mainly based on the model of structural water molecules (SWs) as bright color emitters, we briefly summarize the development and theoretical elaboration of P-band intermediate state (PBIS) theory as well as its application in several typical catalytic redox reactions. In addition, with a simple equation (2∫ψ2σ1' + ∫ψ2σ2 + ∫ψ2π = 1), we clearly define how the interface states correlate with the three basic parameters of heterogeneous catalysis (conversion, selectivity, and stability), and what is the dynamic nature of catalytic active sites. Overall, the proposal of SW-dominated PBIS theory establishes an internal physical connection between the decay kinetics of excited electrons and the catalytic reaction kinetics and provides new insights into the physical origin of photoluminescence emission of low-dimensional quantum nanodots and the physical nature of nanoconfinement and nanoconfined catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, SKLPMPE, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, SKLPMPE, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d'italie, Lyon 69364, CEDEX 07, France
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
| | - Ming-Yuan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, SKLPMPE, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, SKLPMPE, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d'italie, Lyon 69364, CEDEX 07, France
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15
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Bai L, Liu X, Yan H, Zhao S, Han X. Regulation of Nontraditional Intrinsic Luminescence (NTIL) in Hyperbranched Polysiloxanes by Adjusting Alkane Chain Lengths: Mechanism, Film Fabrication, and Chemical Sensing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12053-12062. [PMID: 37594209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymers with nontraditional intrinsic luminescence (NTIL) possess the advantages of environmental friendliness and facile structural regulation. To regulate the emission wavelength of polymers with NTIL, the alkane chain lengths of hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) are adjusted. Optical investigation shows that the emission wavelength of HBPSi is closely related to the alkane chain lengths; namely, short alkane chains will generate relatively long-wavelength emission. Electronic communication among functional groups is responsible for the emission. In a concentrated solution, HBPSi molecules aggregate together due to the strong hydrogen bond and amphiphilicity, and the functional groups in the aggregate are so close that their electron clouds are overlapped and generate spatial electronic delocalizations. HBPSi with shorter alkane chains will generate larger electronic delocalizations and emit longer-wavelength emissions. Moreover, these polymers show excellent applications in the fabrication of fluorescent films and chemical sensing. This work could provide a strategy for regulating the emission wavelengths of unconventional fluorescent polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiangrong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Shunsheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiang Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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16
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Xie W, Deng J, Bai Y, Xiao J, Wang H. Hydrogen-Bonding-Driven Nontraditional Photoluminescence of a β-Enamino Ester. Molecules 2023; 28:5950. [PMID: 37630202 PMCID: PMC10458074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontraditional luminogens (NTLs) do not contain any conventional chromophores (large π-conjugated structures), but they do show intrinsic photoluminescence. To achieve photoluminescence from NTLs, it is necessary to increase the extent of through-space conjugation (TSC) and suppress nonradiative decay. Incorporating strong physical interactions such as hydrogen bonding is an effective strategy to achieve this. In this work, we carried out comparative studies on the photoluminescence behaviors of two β-enamino esters with similar chemical structures, namely methyl 3-aminocrotonate (MAC) and methyl (E)-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-butenoate (MPB). MAC crystal emits blue fluorescence under UV irradiation. The critical cluster concentration of MAC in ethanol solutions was determined by studying the relationship between the photoluminescence intensity (UV-visible absorbance) and concentration. Furthermore, MAC exhibits solvatochromism, and its emission wavelength redshifts as the solvent polarity increases. On the contrary, MPB is non-emissive in both solid state and solutions. Crystal structures and theoretical calculation prove that strong inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of large amounts of TSC of MAC molecules in aggregated states. No hydrogen bonds and thus no effective TSC can be formed between or within MPB molecules, and this is the reason for its non-emissive nature. This work provides a deeper understanding of how hydrogen bonding contributes to the luminescence of NTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huiliang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (W.X.)
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17
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Coats JP, Cochereau R, Dinu IA, Messmer D, Sciortino F, Palivan CG. Trends in the Synthesis of Polymer Nano- and Microscale Materials for Bio-Related Applications. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200474. [PMID: 36949011 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nano- and microscale materials bear significant potential in manifold applications related to biomedicine. This is owed not only to the large chemical diversity of the constituent polymers, but also to the various morphologies these materials can achieve, ranging from simple particles to intricate self-assembled structures. Modern synthetic polymer chemistry permits the tuning of many physicochemical parameters affecting the behavior of polymeric nano- and microscale materials in the biological context. In this Perspective, an overview of the synthetic principles underlying the modern preparation of these materials is provided, aiming to demonstrate how advances in and ingenious implementations of polymer chemistry fuel a range of applications, both present and prospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Peter Coats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Cochereau
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Messmer
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Sciortino
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- National Centre for Competence in Research - Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, Klingelbergstrasse 82, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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18
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Reinhold LM, Rymer TL, Helgen KM, Wilson DT. Photoluminescence in mammal fur: 111 years of research. J Mammal 2023; 104:892-906. [PMID: 37545668 PMCID: PMC10399922 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoluminescence in the pelage of mammals, a topic that has gained considerable recent research interest, was first documented in the 1700s and reported sporadically in the literature over the last century. The first detailed species accounts were of rabbits and humans, published 111 years ago in 1911. Recent studies have largely overlooked this earlier research into photoluminescent mammalian taxa and their luminophores. Here we provide a comprehensive update on existing research on photoluminescence in mammal fur, with the intention of drawing attention to earlier pioneering research in this field. We provide an overview on appropriate terminology, explain the physics of photoluminescence, and explore pigmentation and the ubiquitous photoluminescence of animal tissues, before touching on the emerging debate regarding visual function. We then provide a chronological account of research into mammalian fur photoluminescence, from the earliest discoveries and identification of luminophores to the most recent studies. While all mammal fur is likely to have a general low-level photoluminescence due to the presence of the protein keratin, fur glows luminously under ultraviolet light if it contains significant concentrations of tryptophan metabolites or porphyrins. Finally, we briefly discuss issues associated with preserved museum specimens in studies of photoluminescence. The study of mammal fur photoluminescence has a substantial history, which provides a broad foundation on which future studies can be grounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Reinhold
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Tasmin L Rymer
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Kristofer M Helgen
- Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - David T Wilson
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
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19
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Ornelas C, Astruc D. Ferrocene-Based Drugs, Delivery Nanomaterials and Fenton Mechanism: State of the Art, Recent Developments and Prospects. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2044. [PMID: 37631259 PMCID: PMC10458437 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrocene has been the most used organometallic moiety introduced in organic and bioinorganic drugs to cure cancers and various other diseases. Following several pioneering studies, two real breakthroughs occurred in 1996 and 1997. In 1996, Jaouen et al. reported ferrocifens, ferrocene analogs of tamoxifen, the chemotherapeutic for hormone-dependent breast cancer. Several ferrocifens are now in preclinical evaluation. Independently, in 1997, ferroquine, an analog of the antimalarial drug chloroquine upon the introduction of a ferrocenyl substituent in the carbon chain, was reported by the Biot-Brocard group and found to be active against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Ferroquine, in combination with artefenomel, completed phase IIb clinical evaluation in 2019. More than 1000 studies have been published on ferrocenyl-containing pharmacophores against infectious diseases, including parasitic, bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, but the relationship between structure and biological activity has been scarcely demonstrated, unlike for ferrocifens and ferroquines. In a majority of ferrocene-containing drugs, however, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in particular the OH. radical, produced by Fenton catalysis, plays a key role and is scrutinized in this mini-review, together with the supramolecular approach utilizing drug delivery nanosystems, such as micelles, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), polymers, and dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Ornelas
- ChemistryX, R&D Department, R&D and Consulting Company, 9000-160 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Didier Astruc
- University of Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS, No. 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, CEDEX, 33405 Talence, France
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20
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Tang X, Jiang B, Gong Y, Jin Y, He J, Xie H, Guo S, Liu Y. Designing Nonconventional Luminescent Materials with Efficient Emission in Dilute Solutions via Modulation of Dynamic Hydrogen Bonds. Molecules 2023; 28:5240. [PMID: 37446901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonconventional luminescent materials (NLMs) which do not contain traditional aromatic chromophores are of great interest due to their unique chemical structures, optical properties, and their potential applications in various areas, such as cellular imaging and chemical sensing. However, most reported NLMs show weak or no emission in dilute solutions, which severely limits their applications. In this work, dynamic hydrogen bonds were utilized to design NLMs with efficient emission in dilute solutions. To further validate the results, polymers P1 and P2 were successfully prepared and investigated. It was found that the luminescence quantum efficiency of P1 and P2 at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL in water solution was 8.9 and 0.6%, respectively. The high efficiency can be attributed to the fact that polymer P1 has more intra- or intermolecular dynamic hydrogen bonds and other short interactions than P2 in dilute solutions, allowing P1 to achieve the through-space conjugation effect to increase the degree of system conjugation, restrict molecular motion, and decrease nonradiative transitions, which can effectively improve luminescence. In addition, polymer P2 exhibits the characteristics of clustering-triggered emission, excitation wavelength-dependent and concentration-dependent fluorescence properties, excellent photobleaching resistance, low cytotoxicity, and selective recognition of Fe3+. The present study investigates the manipulation of luminescence properties of NLMs in dilute solutions through the modulation of dynamic hydrogen bonds. This approach can serve as a semi-empirical technique for designing and building innovative NLMs in the times ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuansi Tang
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bingli Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yongyang Gong
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huihong Xie
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Song Guo
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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21
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Song B, Zhang J, Zhou J, Qin A, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Facile conversion of water to functional molecules and cross-linked polymeric films with efficient clusteroluminescence. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3115. [PMID: 37253717 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring approaches to utilize abundant water to synthesize functional molecules and polymers with efficient clusteroluminescence properties is highly significant but has yet to be reported. Herein, a chemistry of water and alkyne is developed. The synthesized products are proven as nonaromatic clusteroluminogens that could emit visible light. Their emission colors and luminescent efficiency could be adjusted by manipulating through-space interaction using different starting materials. Besides, the free-standing polymeric films with much high photoluminescence quantum yields (up to 45.7%) are in situ generated via a water-involved interfacial polymerization. The interfacial polymerization-enhanced emission of the polymeric films is observed, where the emission red-shifts and efficiency increases when the polymerization time is prolonged. The synthesized polymeric film is also verified as a Janus film. It exhibits a vapor-triggered reversible mechanical response which could be applied as a smart actuator. Thus, this work develops a method to synthesize clusteroluminogens using water, builds a clear structure-property relationship of clusteroluminogens, and provides a strategy to in situ construct functional water-based polymeric films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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22
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Astruc D. From sandwich complexes to dendrimers: journey toward applications to sensing, molecular electronics, materials science, and biomedicine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37191211 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01175e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This review links various areas of inorganic chemistry around the themes developed by our research group during the last four decades. It is firstly based on the electronic structure of iron sandwich complexes, showing how the metal electron count dictates their reactivities, with various applications (via C-H activation, C-C bond formation) as reducing and oxidizing agents, redox and electrocatalysts and precursors of dendrimers and catalyst templates through bursting reactions. Various electron-transfer processes and consequences are explored, including the influence of the redox state on the acidity of robust ligands and the possibility to iterate in situ C-H activation and C-C bond formation to build arene-cored dendrimers. Examples of how these dendrimers are functionalized are illustrated using the cross olefin metathesis reactions, with application to the synthesis of soft nanomaterials and biomaterials. Mixed and average valence complexes give rise to remarkable subsequent organometallic reactions, including the salt influence on these reactions. The stereo-electronic aspect of these mixed valencies is pointed out in star-shaped multi-ferrocenes with a frustration effect and other multi-organoiron systems, with the perspective of understanding electron-transfer processes among dendrimer redox sites involving electrostatic effects and application to redox sensing and polymer metallocene batteries. Dendritic redox sensing is summarized for biologically relevant anions such as ATP2- with supramolecular exoreceptor interactions at the dendrimer periphery in parallel with the seminal work on metallocene-derived endoreceptors by Beer's group. This aspect includes the design of the first metallodendrimers that have applications in both redox sensing and micellar catalysis with nanoparticles. These properties provide the opportunity to summarize the biomedical (mostly anticancer) applications of ferrocenes, dendrimers and dendritic ferrocenes in biomedicine (in particular the contribution from our group, but not only). Finally, the use of dendrimers as templates for catalysis is illustrated with numerous reactions including C-C bond formation, click reactions and H2 production reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Astruc
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS No. 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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23
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Balasco N, Diaferia C, Rosa E, Monti A, Ruvo M, Doti N, Vitagliano L. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Intrinsic Visible Fluorescence Emitted by Peptide/Protein Amyloid-like Assemblies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098372. [PMID: 37176084 PMCID: PMC10178990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid aggregation is a widespread process that involves proteins and peptides with different molecular complexity and amino acid composition. The structural motif (cross-β) underlying this supramolecular organization generates aggregates endowed with special mechanical and spectroscopic properties with huge implications in biomedical and technological fields, including emerging precision medicine. The puzzling ability of these assemblies to emit intrinsic and label-free fluorescence in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as visible and even infrared, usually considered to be forbidden in the polypeptide chain, has attracted interest for its many implications in both basic and applied science. Despite the interest in this phenomenon, the physical basis of its origin is still poorly understood. To gain a global view of the available information on this phenomenon, we here provide an exhaustive survey of the current literature in which original data on this fluorescence have been reported. The emitting systems have been classified in terms of their molecular complexity, amino acid composition, and physical state. Information about the wavelength of the radiation used for the excitation as well as the emission range/peak has also been retrieved. The data collected here provide a picture of the complexity of this multifaceted phenomenon that could be helpful for future studies aimed at defining its structural and electronic basis and/or stimulating new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Balasco
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Diaferia
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPeB, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy
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24
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Hou LX, Ju H, Hao XP, Zhang H, Zhang L, He Z, Wang J, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Intrinsic Anti-Freezing and Unique Phosphorescence of Glassy Hydrogels with Ultrahigh Stiffness and Toughness at Low Temperatures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300244. [PMID: 36821869 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Most hydrogels become frozen at subzero temperatures, leading to degraded properties and limited applications. Cryoprotectants are massively employed to improve anti-freezing property of hydrogels; however, there are accompanied disadvantages, such as varied networks, reduced mechanical properties, and the risk of cryoprotectant leakage in aqueous conditions. Reported here is the glassy hydrogel having intrinsic anti-freezing capacity and excellent optical and mechanical properties at ultra-low temperatures. Supramolecular hydrogel of poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) with moderate water content (≈50 wt.%) and dense hydrogen-bond associations is in a glassy state at room temperature. Since hydrogen bonds become strengthened as the temperature decreases, this gel becomes stronger and stiffer, yet still ductile, with Young's modulus of 900 MPa, tensile strength of 30 MPa, and breaking strain of 35% at -45 °C. This gel retains high transparency even in liquid nitrogen. It also exhibits unique phosphorescence due to presence of carbonyl clusters, which is further enhanced at subzero temperatures. Further investigations elucidate that the intrinsic anti-freezing property is related to a fact that most water molecules are tightly bound and confined in the glassy matrix and become non-freezable. This correlation, as validated in several systems, provides a roadmap to develop intrinsic anti-freezing hydrogels for widespread applications at extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xin Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiang Ju
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xing Peng Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Printing, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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25
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Ascorbic Acid-Caused Quenching Effect of Protein Clusteroluminescence Probe: The Fast Fluorescent Detection of Ascorbic Acid in Vegetables. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052162. [PMID: 36903407 PMCID: PMC10003969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is interesting and meaningful to explore fluorescent probes for novel rapid detection methods. In this study, we discovered a natural fluorescence probe, bovine serum albumin (BSA), for the assay of ascorbic acid (AA). Due to clusterization-triggered emission (CTE), BSA has the character of clusteroluminescence. AA shows an obvious fluorescence quenching effect on BSA, and the quenching effect increases with increasing concentrations of AA. After optimization, a method for the rapid detection of AA is established by the AA-caused fluorescence quenching effect. The fluorescence quenching effect reaches saturation after 5 min of incubation time and the fluorescence is stable within more than one hour, suggesting a rapid and stable fluorescence response. Moreover, the proposed assay method shows good selectivity and a wide linear range. To further study the mechanisms of AA-caused fluorescence quenching effect, some thermodynamic parameters are calculated. The main intermolecular force between BSA and AA is electrostatic, presumably leading to the inhibiting CTE process of BSA. This method also shows acceptable reliability for the real vegetable sample assay. In summary, this work will not only provide an assay strategy for AA, but also open an avenue for the application expansion of CTE effect of natural biomacromolecules.
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26
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Ju H, Zhang H, Hou LX, Zuo M, Du M, Huang F, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Polymerization-Induced Crystallization of Dopant Molecules: An Efficient Strategy for Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Hydrogels. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3763-3773. [PMID: 36749032 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional hydrogels such as polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid ones seldom exhibit phosphorescences at ambient conditions, which limit their applications as optical materials. We propose and demonstrate here a facile strategy to afford these hydrogels with room-temperature phosphorescence by polymerization-induced crystallization of dopant molecules that results in segregation and confinement of the gel matrix with carbonyl groups and thus clusterization-induced phosphorescence. As a model system, crown ethers (CEs) are dissolved in an aqueous solution of concentrated acrylamide that greatly increases the solubility of CEs. During the polymerization process, CEs crystallize to form large spherulites in the polyacrylamide hydrogel. The crystallization arises from the drastically reduced solubility of CEs after the conversion of monomers to polymers during the gel synthesis. The resultant composite hydrogel with a water content of 67 wt % exhibits extraordinary phosphorescence behavior yet maintains good stretchability and resilience. We found that the partial gel matrix is squeezed and confined by in situ-formed crystals, leading to carbonyl clusters and thus phosphorescence emission. The composite gel shows green phosphorescence with an emission peak at 512 nm and a lifetime of 342 ms. The afterglow emission is detectable by the naked eye for several seconds. This strategy has good universality, as validated in other hydrogels with different polymeric matrices and dopant molecules. The development of hydrogels with good mechanical and phosphorescent properties should merit the design of multifunctional soft machines with applications in biomedical and engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Ju
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311215, China
| | - Li Xin Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Min Zuo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Miao Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Feihe Huang
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311215, China.,Department of Chemistry, Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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27
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Clusteroluminescence in Organic, Inorganic, and Hybrid Systems: A Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-023-09747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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28
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Chen F, Jin Y, Luo J, Wei L, Jiang B, Guo S, Wei C, Gong Y. Poly-L-aspartic acid based nonconventional luminescent biomacromolecules with efficient emission in dilute solutions for Al 3+ detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1387-1395. [PMID: 36455817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonconventional luminescent macromolecules exhibiting bright fluorescence or phosphorescence emission at high concentrations and solid-state have attracted significant attention due to their promising application in different fields. However, most reported nonconventional luminescent macromolecules show weak or no emission in dilute solutions, limiting their large-scale applications. Herein, nonconventional luminescent biomacromolecules with hydrophobic rigid chains, hydrophilic flexibility and inter- or intra-molecular hydrogen bonding interactions were proposed to achieve effective luminescence in dilute solutions. Poly-L-aspartic acid (PASA) with a fluorescence quantum yield of 4.6 % in a dilute solution (0.8 mg/mL) was synthesized to validate this design strategy. The fluorescence intensity of PASA solution increased with the increase of the concentration, demonstrating a clustering-triggered emission (CTE) effect. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity significantly enhanced when adding Al3+ into PASA aqueous solution via the Al3+ recognition effect. The detection limits for Al3+ (1.71 × 10-6 mol/L) meet the World Health Organization (WHO) requirements for food detection. At last, PASA solid-state samples exhibit room temperature phosphorescence emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixia Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, No. 1 Zhiyuan Rd., Lingui District, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, No. 1 Zhiyuan Rd., Lingui District, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lingzhong Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bingli Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, No. 1 Zhiyuan Rd., Lingui District, Guilin 541199, China.
| | - Song Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chun Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Yongyang Gong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, No.12 Jian'gan Rd., Qixing District, Guilin 541004, China.
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29
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Wang W, Ruiz J, Ornelas C, Hamon JR. A Career in Catalysis: Didier Astruc. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR N°5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Cedex Talence, France
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)−UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR N°5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Cedex Talence, France
| | - Catia Ornelas
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josué de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-René Hamon
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)−UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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30
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de la Cruz-Martínez F, Bresolí-Obach R, Bravo I, Alonso-Moreno C, Hermida-Merino D, Hofkens J, Lara-Sánchez A, Castro-Osma JA, Martín C. Unexpected luminescence of non-conjugated biomass-based polymers: new approach in photothermal imaging. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:316-324. [PMID: 36353924 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02033e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Population growth, depletion of world resources and persistent toxic chemical production underline the need to seek new smart materials from inexpensive, biodegradable, and renewable feedstocks. Hence, "metal-free" ring-opening copolymerization to convert biomass carvone-based monomers into non-conventional luminescent biopolymers is considered a sustainable approach to achieve these goals. The non-conventional emission was studied in terms of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy in order to unravel the structure-properties for different carvone-based copolymers. The results highlighted the importance of the final copolymer folding structure as well as its environment in luminescent behavior (cluster-triggered emission). In all cases, their luminescent behavior is sensitive to small temperature fluctuations (where the minimum detected temperature is Tm ∼ 2 °C and relative sensitivity is Sr ∼ 6% °C) even at the microscopic scale, which endows these materials a great potential as thermosensitive smart polymers for photothermal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
| | - Roger Bresolí-Obach
- Chem&Tech - Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, C/Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven 3001, Belgium.,AppLightChem, Institut Quimic de Sarria, Universitat Ramon Lull, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08007, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain.
| | - Carlos Alonso-Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain.
| | - Daniel Hermida-Merino
- CINBIO, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Chem&Tech - Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, C/Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain.
| | - Cristina Martín
- Chem&Tech - Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, C/Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven 3001, Belgium.,Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-la Mancha, Avda. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain.
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31
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Gu J, Li Z, Li Q. From single molecule to molecular aggregation science. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Mostovaya O, Shiabiev I, Pysin D, Stanavaya A, Abashkin V, Shcharbin D, Padnya P, Stoikov I. PAMAM-Calix-Dendrimers: Second Generation Synthesis, Fluorescent Properties and Catecholamines Binding. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122748. [PMID: 36559243 PMCID: PMC9781744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient method for the synthesis of the second generation of PAMAM dendrimers based on a p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene core in cone, partial cone and 1,3-alternate conformations was developed. Unusual fluorescence of the obtained PAMAM-calix-dendrimers has been found and explained. The binding ability of the synthesized dendrimers toward catecholamines (dopamine, L-adrenaline and L-noradrenaline) was shown by UV-Vis, fluorescence, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and the binding constants (logKa 3.85-4.74) calculated. As was shown, the PAMAM-calix-dendrimers bind catecholamines by the internal cavities. All the studied hormones were most efficiently bound by the dendrimers bearing a macrocyclic core in 1,3-alternate conformation. The size of the formed supramolecular systems of dendrimer/catecholamine was established by the DLS method. A decrease in hemolytic activity of the PAMAM-calix-dendrimers with an increase in the generation number of a dendrimer was shown for the dendrimers with a core in 1,3-alternate conformation. The prospects for the use of the synthesized dendrimers with the macrocyclic core as drug delivery agents were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mostovaya
- A.M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (I.S.); Tel.: +7-843-233-7241 (I.S.)
| | - Igor Shiabiev
- A.M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Dmitry Pysin
- A.M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Alesia Stanavaya
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, 27 Akademicheskaya Street, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Viktar Abashkin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, 27 Akademicheskaya Street, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, 27 Akademicheskaya Street, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A.M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, 2 Nauchny Gorodok Street, Kazan 420075, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (I.S.); Tel.: +7-843-233-7241 (I.S.)
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Yao X, Lewis RE, Haynes CL. Synthesis Processes, Photoluminescence Mechanism, and the Toxicity of Amorphous or Polymeric Carbon Dots. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3312-3321. [PMID: 36417545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence is the emission of light following photon absorption. This optical phenomenon has many applications in daily life, such as in LED lamps, forensics, and bioimaging. Traditionally, small-molecule fluorophores were most common, but the types of molecules and particles with compelling fluorescence properties have expanded. For example, green fluorescent protein (GFP) was isolated from jellyfish and won the Nobel prize in 2008 due to its significant utility as a fluorescent biomarker. Using the intrinsic fluorescence of GFP, many previously invisible biological processes and substances can now be observed and studied. Other fluorescent materials have also been developed, greatly expanding the potential applications. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), which have bright fluorescence and a narrow bandwidth, are a popular choice for display technologies. However, QDs are made of heavy metal elements such as Cd and Se, which pose potential safety concerns to the environment and human health. Thus, new fluorescent organic materials are being developed to mitigate the toxicological concerns while maintaining the QD advantages.One type of new material attracting great attention as an environmentally friendly substitute for semiconductor QDs is carbon dots (CDs). CDs have been developed with strong fluorescence, good photostability, and low toxicity using a variety of precursors, and some synthesis processes have good potential for scale-up. However, since they are made of a variety of materials and through different methods, the structure and properties of CDs can differ from preparation to preparation. There are three major types of CDs: graphene quantum dots (GQDs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), and amorphous or polymeric carbon dots (PCDs). This Account focuses on PCDs and their unique properties by comparing it with other types of CDs. The synthesis processes, fluorescence properties, fluorescence mechanisms, and toxicity are discussed below with an emphasis on the distinct attributes of PCDs.PCDs can be synthesized from small molecules or polymers. They have an amorphous or cross-linked polymer structure with bright fluorescence. This fluorescence is possibly due to cross-link-enhanced emission or clusteroluminescence that arises from the through-space interactions of heteroatomic-rich functional groups. Other fluorescence mechanisms of CDs, including distinct contributions from the carbon core and surface states, may also contribute. The toxicological profiles of CDs are influenced by the chemical composition, surface functionalization, and light illumination. CDs are generally thought to be of low toxicity, and this can be further improved by removing toxic byproducts, functionalizing the surface, and reducing light exposure to minimize the generation of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Riley E Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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34
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Zhuang P, Yuan C, Bai Y, He C, Long J, Tan H, Wang H. Effects of Through-Bond and Through-Space Conjugations on the Photoluminescence of Small Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldimines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228046. [PMID: 36432147 PMCID: PMC9693914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Through-bond conjugation (TBC) and/or through-space conjugation (TSC) determine the photophysical properties of organic luminescent compounds. No systematic studies have been carried out to understand the transition from aromatic TBC to non-aromatic TSC on the photoluminescence of organic luminescent compounds. In this work, a series of small aromatic and aliphatic aldimines were synthesized. For the aromatic imines, surprisingly, N,1-diphenylmethanimine with the highest TBC is non-emissive, while N-benzyl-1-phenylmethanimine and N-cyclohexyl-1-phenylmethanimine emit bright fluorescence in aggregate states. The aliphatic imines are all emissive, and their maximum emission wavelength decreases while the quantum yield increases with a decrease in steric hindrance. The imines show concentration-dependent and excitation-dependent emissions. Theoretical calculations show that the TBC extents in the aromatic imines are not strong enough to induce photoluminescence in a single molecule state, while the intermolecular TSC becomes dominant for the fluorescence emissions of both aromatic and aliphatic imines in aggregate states, and the configurations and spatial conformations of the molecules in aggregate states play a key role in the formation of effective TSC. This study provides an understanding of how chemical and spatial structures affect the formation of TBC and TSC and their functions on the photoluminescence of organic luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunhao Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Changcheng He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (H.T.); (H.W.)
| | - Jiayu Long
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (H.T.); (H.W.)
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (H.T.); (H.W.)
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35
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Clustering-triggered phosphorescence of nonconventional luminophores. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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A review on structural aspects and applications of PAMAM dendrimers in analytical chemistry: Frontiers from separation sciences to chemical sensor technologies. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Bai L, Zhang Y, Yan H, Liu X. High-Efficiency Long-Wavelength Fluorescent Hyperbranched Polysiloxanes: Synthesis, Emission Mechanism, Information Encryption, and Film Preparation. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4617-4628. [PMID: 36217255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unconventional fluorescent polymers possess the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, and facile structural regulation; however, such polymers usually have low fluorescence intensity and quantum yields in the long-wavelength range. In this work, three kinds of high-efficiency long-wavelength emissive hyperbranched polysiloxanes are obtained by introducing aromatic amino acids. These functionalized hyperbranched polysiloxanes have high fluorescence intensity and quantum yields in green, yellow, and red emission regions. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations reveal that the long-wavelength emission comes from the enhanced electronic communication among the conjugated π bonds, electron-rich atoms, and -Si(O)3 and other functional groups. Especially, the conjugated π bonds efficiently enlarge the spatial electronic delocalizations, resulting in the high-efficiency long-wavelength emission. Moreover, the prepared polymers show excellent applications in information encryption and film preparation. This work could serve as a guide to develop high-efficiency long-wavelength unconventional fluorescent polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiangrong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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38
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Liu B, Chu B, Zhu L, Zhang H, Yuan WZ, Zhao Z, Wan WM, Zhang XH. Clusteroluminescence: A gauge of molecular interaction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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39
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Zhang H, Qin L, Cao D, Guan R, Cheng X, Zhou C. Bioinspired fluorescent molecules realize super bright blue luminescence under sunlight. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 632:161-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Jiang Q, Zhao L, Shi L, Guan S, Huang W, Xue X, Yang H, Jiang L, Jiang B. pH‐responsive amine‐based fluorescent polymers with on–off switchable and concentration‐dependent fluorescence behaviors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Lingyue Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Shuyi Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
| | - Bibiao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou China
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41
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Wang X, Liu C, Xing Z, Suo H, Qu R, Li Q, Qin Y. Furfural-Based Polyamides with Tunable Fluorescence Properties via Ugi Multicomponent Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Zhihao Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Hongyi Suo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Rui Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Qingzhong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Yusheng Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
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42
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Fluorescence Behavior and Emission Mechanisms of Poly(ethylene succinamide) and Its Applications in Fe3+ Detection and Data Encryption. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Wang J, Meng Q, Yang Y, Zhong S, Zhang R, Fang Y, Gao Y, Cui X. Schiff Base Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Sensing Applications: A Review. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2521-2536. [PMID: 36048423 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence sensing can not only identify a target substrate qualitatively but also achieve the purpose of quantitative detection through the change of the fluorescence signal. It has the advantages of immense sensitivity, rapid response, and excellent selectivity. The proposed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) concept solves the problem of the fluorescence of traditional fluorescent molecules becoming weak or quenched in high concentration or aggregated state conditions. Schiff base fluorescent probes have the advantages of simple synthesis, low toxicity, and easy design. They are often used for the detection of various substances. In this review we cover late developments in Schiff base compounds with AIE characteristics working as fluorescence sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingye Meng
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangling Zhong
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiting Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Fang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.,Weihai Institute for Bionics-Jilin University, Weihai 264400, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Cui
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.,Weihai Institute for Bionics-Jilin University, Weihai 264400, People's Republic of China
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44
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Chowdhury P, Banerjee A, Saha B, Bauri K, De P. Stimuli-Responsive Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE)-Active Polymers for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4207-4229. [PMID: 36054823 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
At high concentration or in the aggregated state, most of the traditional luminophores suffer from the general aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, which significantly limits their biomedical applications. On the contrary, a few fluorophores exhibit an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature which is just the opposite of ACQ. The luminophores with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens) have exhibited noteworthy advantages to get tunable emission, excellent photostability, and biocompatibility. Incorporating AIEgens into polymer design has yielded diversified polymer systems with fascinating photophysical characteristics. Again, stimuli-responsive polymers are capable of undergoing chemical and/or physical property changes on receiving signals from single or multiple stimuli. The combination of the AIE property and stimuli responses in a single polymer platform provides a feasible and effective strategy for the development of smart polymers with promising biomedical applications. Herein, the advancements in stimuli-responsive polymers with AIE characteristics for biomedical applications are summarized. AIE-active polymers are first categorized into conventional π-π conjugated and nonconventional fluorophore systems and then subdivided based on various stimuli, such as pH, redox, enzyme, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and temperature. In each section, the design strategies of the smart polymers and their biomedical applications, including bioimaging, cancer theranostics, gene delivery, and antimicrobial examples, are introduced. The current challenges and future perspectives of this field are also stated at the end of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pampa Chowdhury
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Banerjee
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamal Bauri
- Department of Chemistry, Raghunathpur College, Raghunathpur, 723133 Purulia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
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45
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Wang S, Jiang X, Sun C, Kong XZ. Full Green Detection of Antibiotic Tetracyclines Using Fluorescent Poly(ethylene glycol) as the Sensor and the Mechanism Study. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3957-3968. [PMID: 35976991 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetracyclines are well-known antibiotics and widely used against a variety of bacterial infections. Their monitoring and detection have been an important issue. To this end, a vast number of methods have been developed; fluorescence sensing is one of the most reported. However, most of the reported sensors are made from transition metals with sophisticated multiprocesses; polymers are hardly seen for this purpose, particularly biocompatible ones. Herein, an aqueous solution of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), well known for being biocompatible, is shown to emit under excitation of 280 nm, while the solutions of selected tetracyclines, namely, doxycycline (DOX) and tetracycline (TC), are non-emissive under the same conditions. In the binary solutions of PEG-DOX or PEG-TC, PEG emission is sharply quenched with high sensitivity and selectivity. PEG was then used as a sensor for DOX and TC detections in water with high performance compared to reported studies. The same tests were also done by DOX spiking in milk and tap water, demonstrating that DOX was practically fully recovered. The quenching mechanism was ascribed to the interaction between the O atoms of PEG in clusters and specific heteroatom groups on tetracycline molecules through hydrogen bonding, elucidated from FTIR and NMR analyses. Therefore, this work provides a novel, fully green, easy to operate, low cost, and reliable protocol for tetracycline monitoring and detection and opens new potential application for PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suisui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xubao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chunqi Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiang Zheng Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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46
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Intrinsically fluorescent polyureas toward conformation-assisted metamorphosis, discoloration and intracellular drug delivery. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4551. [PMID: 35931687 PMCID: PMC9355952 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidomimetic polymers have attracted increasing interest because of the advantages of facile synthesis, high molecular tunability, resistance to degradation, and low immunogenicity. However, the presence of non-native linkages compromises their ability to form higher ordered structures and protein-inspired functions. Here we report a class of amino acid-constructed polyureas with molecular weight- and solvent-dependent helical and sheet-like conformations as well as green fluorescent protein-mimic autofluorescence with aggregation-induced emission characteristics. The copolymers self-assemble into vesicles and nanotubes and exhibit H-bonding-mediated metamorphosis and discoloration behaviors. We show that these polymeric vehicles with ultrahigh stability, superfast responsivity and conformation-assisted cell internalization efficiency could act as an “on-off” switchable nanocarrier for specific intracellular drug delivery and effective cancer theranosis in vitro and in vivo. This work provides insights into the folding and hierarchical assembly of biomacromolecules, and a new generation of bioresponsive polymers and nonconventional luminescent aliphatic materials for diverse applications. Biomimetic materials are of interest but can often suffer from limitations caused by the non-native linkages used. Here, the authors report on the creation of amino acid constructed polyureas which can self-assemble into vesicles and nanotubes with aggregation induced fluorescence and the potential for drug delivery applications.
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47
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Guo L, Yan L, He Y, Feng W, Zhao Y, Tang BZ, Yan H. Hyperbranched Polyborate: A Non-conjugated Fluorescent Polymer with Unanticipated High Quantum Yield and Multicolor Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204383. [PMID: 35499909 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-conjugated fluorescent polymers have attracted great attention due to their excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. However, it remains a huge challenge to obtain a polymer with high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) and multicolor emission simultaneously. Herein, we reported three kinds of nonaromatic hyperbranched polyborates (P1-P3) with multicolor emission, surprisingly, P2 also exhibits an unanticipated high QY (54.1 %). The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results revealed that the synergistic effect of rigid BO3 planar and flexible carbon chain, as well as the through-space dative bond in supramolecular aggregate, were the key factors contributing to the ultrahigh QY of P2. Moreover, the applications of P2 in Fe3+ ions detection and cell imaging were also investigated. This work provides a new perspective for designing non-conjugated fluorescent polymers with both high QY and multicolor emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Lirong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Yanyun He
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Weixu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, China
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48
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Yao X, Wang Y, Li F, Dalluge JJ, Orr G, Hernandez R, Cui Q, Haynes CL. Unconventional aliphatic fluorophores discovered as the luminescence origin in citric acid-urea carbon dots. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9516-9525. [PMID: 35758638 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02361j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging as the material of choice in a range of applications due to their excellent photoluminescence properties, ease of preparation from inexpensive precursors, and low toxicity. However, the precise nature of the mechanism for the fluorescence is still under debate, and several molecular fluorophores have been reported. In this work, a new blue fluorophore, 5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, was discovered in carbon dots synthesized from the most commonly used precursors: citric acid and urea. The molecular product alone has demonstrated interesting aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE), making it unique compared to other fluorophores known to be generated in CDs. We propose that this molecular fluorophore is associated with a polymer backbone within the CDs, and its fluorescence behavior is largely dependent on intermolecular interactions with the polymers or other fluorophores. Thus, a new class of non-traditional fluorophores is now relevant to the consideration of the CD fluorescence mechanism, providing both an additional challenge to the community in resolving the mechanism and an opportunity for a greater range of CD design schemes and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
| | - Yinhan Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Fangjia Li
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Joseph J Dalluge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Rigoberto Hernandez
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Departments of Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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49
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Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Göen Colak D, Popescu I, Cianga I. Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147495. [PMID: 35886844 PMCID: PMC9317439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2’-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by “direct dissolution”.Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Irina Popescu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
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Ybarra DE, Calienni MN, Ramirez LFB, Frias ETA, Lillo C, Alonso SDV, Montanari J, Alvira FC. Vismodegib in PAMAM-dendrimers for potential theragnosis in skin cancer. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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