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Karakaya K, Mutluay Ünal S. Evaluation of stress distribution of different marginal designs on PEEK and PEKK substructure materials, cortical and cancellous Bone:A finite element analysis. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108708. [PMID: 38861895 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-performance polymers are used in different fixed prosthesis treatments due to their many advantages such as biocompatibility, shock absorption ability, high fracture resistance. The effects of marginal design on the forces on high-performance polymers are unknown. This study aimed was to investigate the stress distribution of different marginal designs on Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) substructure materials, cortical bone and cancellous bone by finite element analysis. METHODS A first maxillary molar tooth was modeled in 3D using the "3D Complex Render" method. Considering the ideal preparation conditions (Taper angle was 6°, step depth was 1 mm, occlusal reduction was 2 mm), four different configurations were modeled by changing the marginal design (chamfer, deep chamfer, shoulder 90°, shoulder 135°). PEEK, PEKK substructure, and composite superstructure were designed on created models. A total of 150 N oblique force from two points and a total of 300 N vertical force from three points were applied from occlusall. and the maximum principal stress, minimum principal stress, von Mises stress findings in the cortical bone, spongiose bone, and substructure were examined. The study was carried out by static linear analysis with a three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. RESULTS The highest maximum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The highest minimum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step, and PEEK + deep chamfer step at oblique force. The highest maximum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step. The highest minimum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + deep chamfer step at vertical force. The highest von Mises stress value in the substructure was observed when the PEKK + Deep chamfer step at oblique force. The lowest maximum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEKK + Shoulder 135° step at oblique force. The lowest minimum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step, and PEKK + shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The lowest maximum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step. The lowest minimum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step and PEKK + Shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The lowest von Mises stress value in the substructure was observed when the PEEK + Deep chamfer step at vertical force. CONCLUSION When cortical and spongiose bone stress were evaluated, no destructive stress was observed. Considering the stresses occurring in the substructure the highest stress was observed in the chamfer step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Karakaya
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Server Mutluay Ünal
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Attia MA, Radwan M, Blunt L, Bills P, Tawfik A, Arafa AM. Effect of different sintering protocols on the fracture strength of 3-unit monolithic gradient zirconia fixed partial dentures: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:908.e1-908.e8. [PMID: 37802734 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Strength-gradient zirconia combining 3 zirconia formulations with different flexural strengths has been reported to have outstanding mechanical properties. However, data concerning the effect of different sintering protocols on the fracture strength of 3-unit monolithic gradient zirconia fixed partial dentures (FPDs) are sparse. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to test the effect of different sintering protocols on the fracture strength of 3-unit monolithic gradient zirconia FPDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two custom-made stainless-steel master dies were designed to replicate a mandibular right second premolar and second molar prepared to receive a 3-unit monolithic zirconia FPD. Thirty monolithic zirconia FPDs were milled from gradient zirconia blanks and allocated to 3 groups (n=10) according to the sintering protocols: high-speed sintering, speed sintering, and conventional sintering. The FPDs were cemented onto the corresponding dies with traditional glass ionomer cement. All FPDs were cyclic loaded (600 000 cycles/49 N/1.7 Hz) in a mastication simulator. Fracture load measurements for each FPD were determined by using a universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at ×80 magnification was used to examine a fractured FPD from each group. A representative specimen from each group was examined with SEM at ×30 000 magnification to determine the grain size. One-way ANOVA, pair-wise Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD), and Pearson correlation tests were used for statistical analysis of the data (α=.05). RESULTS The high-speed sintered FPDs recorded the highest statistically significant fracture load mean ±standard deviation value (2526 ±300 N), followed by the speed sintered FPDs (2136 ±127 N), while the lowest statistically significant fracture load mean value was recorded with the conventionally sintered FPDs (1361 ±181 N) (P<.001). In addition, the mean ±standard deviation grain size values were 488 ±272 nm for the high-speed sintered specimen, 578 ±409 nm for the speed sintered specimen, and 832 ±551 nm for the conventionally sintered specimen (P<.001). A significant negative correlation was found between fracture strength and grain size among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS The fracture strength of 3-unit monolithic gradient zirconia FPDs sintered by using a high-speed protocol was significantly higher than that of speed and conventionally sintered FPDs (P<.001). The high-speed sintering protocol reduced the mean grain size of gradient zirconia FPDs compared with that of both speed and conventional sintering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen A Attia
- Associate Professor, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Radwan
- Lecturer, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Liam Blunt
- Professor, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Future Advanced Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bills
- Professor, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Future Advanced Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- PhD Researcher, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Future Advanced Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M Arafa
- Lecturer, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Zahran M, Abo El-Farag S, Soltan H, Attia A. Fracture load of ultrathin occlusal veneers: Effect of thickness and surface conditioning. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 145:106030. [PMID: 37473575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in-vitro study is planned to analyze the effect of different thicknesses of ceramic occlusal veneers and different surface treatments on fracture resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 sound mandibular molars are anatomically prepared from the occlusal surface with two different thicknesses (1.0 and 0.5 mm). CAD/CAM zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic blocks (Vita Suprinity) are used for fabricating occlusal veneers. The teeth are randomly divided into two primary groups A and B (n=24) according to occlusal veneer thickness. Each group is subdivided according to surface conditioning into three equal subgroups (n=8)-subgroup HF: etching with hydrofluoric acid and ceramic primer application; subgroup APF: etching with acidulated phosphate fluoride and ceramic primer application; subgroup EP: conditioning with etch and prime only. Dual-cure adhesive resin cement (Multilink Automix) is utilized to adhesively bond the veneers. All specimens are subjected to 240,000 cycles of dynamic load aging prior to the fracture resistance test. The fracture resistance is measured in Newton (N). The Failure mode patterns are analyzed and categorized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results are analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's Post-Hoc test, followed by a one-way ANOVA for each factor. That is in addition to one-way ANOVA for surface treatment under each thickness, each followed by Bonferroni's Post-Hoc test. Then, a T-test is used to compare the two thicknesses under each surface treatment. All tests are set at 0.05 significance level. RESULTS The two-way ANOVA test revealed that restoration thickness and surface treatment both significantly affect the fracture resistance values (p<0.05). The highest fracture resistance mean (2672±216N) is obtained from HF at 1.0 mm thickness, while the lowest mean (2104±299N) is obtained from APF at 0.5 mm thickness. CONCLUSION All test groups, regardless of thickness, demonstrated fracture resistance values that exceeded both normal and parafunctional bite forces. The veneers that bonded after hydrofluoric acid etching followed by ceramic primer application showed more favourable fracture patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Zahran
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Abo El-Farag
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Hassan Soltan
- Production and Mechanical Design Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Attia
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Attia MA, Shokry TE. Effect of dynamic loading on fracture resistance of gradient zirconia fixed partial denture frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:242-249. [PMID: 34740458 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The new strength-gradient zirconia composed of 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) and 5-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (5Y-TZP) has been claimed to have superior mechanical properties. However, data on the fracture resistance of 3-unit gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP fixed partial denture frameworks are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic loading on the fracture resistance of gradient zirconia fixed partial denture frameworks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two standardized stainless-steel master dies were designed to simulate a mandibular left second premolar and second molar prepared to receive zirconia frameworks. The frameworks were designed with a 0.6-mm uniform wall thickness. The mesiodistal width of the connectors was 3 ±0.02 mm, and the occlusogingival height was 3 ±0.02 mm. Forty zirconia frameworks were fabricated and divided into 2 groups according to the tested materials (n=20): 3Y-TZP and gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP. The frameworks were cemented onto their corresponding dies with a conventional glass ionomer cement. Half of the cemented frameworks in each group underwent 600 000 cycles of dynamic loading in a mastication simulator (n=10). The other half was fractured without dynamic loading (n=10). Fracture resistance measurements (N) for each framework were recorded by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. A fractured framework from each group was examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at ×100 magnification. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by using 2-way ANOVA, the pairwise Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD), and simple main effect tests to detect the difference between group mean values (α=.05). RESULTS The mean ±standard deviation of fracture load value before dynamic loading was 1919 ±193 N for the 3Y-TZP group and 908 ±99 N for the gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP group. In addition, the mean fracture load value after dynamic loading was 1418 ±163 N for the 3Y-TZP group and 716 ±85 N for the gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP group. The interaction between the effects of the zirconia material and dynamic loading on the fracture resistance was statistically significant (P=.002). The 3Y-TZP group had a statistically significant, higher fracture load mean value the gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP group before and after dynamic loading (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The fracture resistance of 3Y-TZP frameworks was significantly higher than that of gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP frameworks before and after dynamic loading. Dynamic loading significantly reduced the fracture resistance of 3Y-TZP and gradient 5Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen A Attia
- Associate Professor, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Tamer E Shokry
- Professor, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Essam N, Soltan H, Attia A. Influence of thickness and surface conditioning on fracture resistance of occlusal veneer. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:258. [PMID: 37138255 PMCID: PMC10157962 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the current study was to assess the impact of restoration thickness, surface conditioning and the interaction between them on the fracture resistance of CAD/CAM fabricated lithium disilicate occlusal veneers. METHODS A total of 42 maxillary molars were prepared to receive CAD/CAM fabricated lithium disilicate occlusal veneer either with 0.5 mm (n = 21) or 1 mm (n = 21) thickness. Each main group was divided into 3 subgroups (n = 7), according to surface treatment, HF acid (HF-1, HF-0.5), acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF-1, APF-0.5) and Monobond etch & prime (MON-1, MON-0.5). Multilinik N (Ivoclar-Vivadent) adhesive resin cement was used for bonding according to the manufacturer instructions. One hour after bonding, specimens were stored in water bath for 75 days followed by cyclic loading fatigue for 240,000 cycles to simulate clinical situation. Finally, specimens were fractured under compressive load in (N) using a universal testing machine. Two and one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The means ± SD (N) fracture load for each group were calculated. MON-1 group showed the highest fracture load (1644.7 ± 155.3) followed by HF-1 group (1514.6 ± 212.5). Meanwhile, APF-0.5 showed the lowest fracture load (962 ± 249.6). CONCLUSION CAD/CAM fabricated lithium disilicate occlusal veneers can be used with a thickness of 0.5 mm instead of conventional crowns. Monobond etch & prime is recommended as a surface treatment for CAD/CAM fabricated lithium disilicate occlusal veneer due to biological hazards of Hydrofluoric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Essam
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura university, El Gomhouria St, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Hassan Soltan
- Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura university, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Attia
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura university, El Gomhouria St, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.
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“Effect of Palatal Metal Collar’s Height on Fracture Resistance of Single Metal-Ceramic Crowns”. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:8290538. [PMID: 36249729 PMCID: PMC9568289 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8290538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the palatal metal collar height on the fracture resistance of metal-ceramic crowns. Materials and Methods A maxillary premolar typodont tooth was prepared and scanned to fabricate 48 metal analogs. The analogs were then scanned to fabricate metal copings divided into 4 groups according to palatal metal collar height as follows; (C0): 0 mm, (C1): 1.0 mm, (C2): 1.5 mm, and (C3): 2.0 mm. After a standard application of pressed ceramic, each crown was cemented onto its corresponding metal tooth analog. The crown-analog assembly was subjected to a sequence of thermal stressing for 5,000 cycles. A universal testing machine applied controlled loads to the crowns until fracture. Examination under a stereomicroscope determined the failure mode. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine fracture. Load to failure data was analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD (P ≤ 0.05). Results ANOVA statistics revealed that groups with a palatal metal collar presented significantly higher failure loads when compared to the collarless group (P < 0.0001). Difference in failure loads between 1.5-mm and 2.0-mm palatal metal collar height were not statistically significant (P = 0.935). There were no significant differences detected among the groups in terms of failure mode. Conclusions The height of the palatal metal collar has an effect on the fracture resistance of the metal-ceramic crowns. Clinical Relevance. The incorporation of a palatal collar with a predetermined height is essential to reduce the mechanical failure of metal-ceramic crowns.
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Fathy H, Hamama HH, El-Wassefy N, Mahmoud SH. Clinical performance of resin-matrix ceramic partial coverage restorations: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:3807-3822. [PMID: 35320383 PMCID: PMC9072524 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical performance of the new CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics and compare it with ceramic partial coverage restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search of 3 databases (The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed), Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) was conducted. English clinical studies published between 2005 and September 2020 that evaluated the clinical performance of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics inlays, onlays, or overlays were selected. The primary clinical question was applied according to PICOS strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study design). The included studies were individually evaluated for risk of bias according to the modified Cochrane Collaboration tool criteria. RESULTS A total of 7 studies were included according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the included studies, 6 were randomized clinical trials while one study was longitudinal observational study without control group. According to the results of the included studies, the success rate of CAD/CAM resin-based composite ranged from 85.7 to 100% whereas the success rate reported for ceramic partial coverage restorations ranged from 93.3 to 100%. Fractures and debondings are found to be the most common cause of restorations failure. CONCLUSION CAD/CAM resin-based composite can be considered a reliable material for partial coverage restorations with clinical performance similar to glass ceramic restorations. However, this result needs to be confirmed in long-term evaluations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE CAD/CAM resin-based composites provide a potential alternative to ceramic indirect restorations. However, clinicians must be aware of the lake of knowledge regarding long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Fathy
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria St, Mansoura City, 35516, Egypt
| | - Hamdi H Hamama
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria St, Mansoura City, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Noha El-Wassefy
- Dental Biomaterials Science Dept, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Salah H Mahmoud
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria St, Mansoura City, 35516, Egypt
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Alqutaibi AY, Ghulam O, Krsoum M, Binmahmoud S, Taher H, Elmalky W, Zafar MS. Revolution of Current Dental Zirconia: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:1699. [PMID: 35268800 PMCID: PMC8911694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to comprehensively review the revolution of dental zirconia (Zir), including its types, properties, applications, and cementation procedures. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase was conducted. The search was limited to manuscripts published in English. The final search was conducted in October 2021. Newly developed monolithic Zir ceramics have substantially enhanced esthetics and translucency. However, this material must be further studied in vitro and in vivo to determine its long-term ability to maintain its exceptional properties. According to the literature, monolithic translucent Zir has had promising results and a high survival rate. Thus, the utilization of this material is indicated when strength and esthetics are needed. Both the materials and methods used for cementation of monolithic Zir have significantly improved, encouraging dentists to use this material, especially when a conservative approach is required. Zir restorations showed promising outcomes, particularly for monolithic Zir crowns supported with implant and fixed dental prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen
| | - Omar Ghulam
- Dental Department, Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Hospital (Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs), Madinah 42324, Saudi Arabia; (O.G.); (M.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Majid Krsoum
- Dental Department, Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Hospital (Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs), Madinah 42324, Saudi Arabia; (O.G.); (M.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Suhail Binmahmoud
- Dental Department, Prince Sultan Armed Forces Hospital, Madinah 42375, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hasan Taher
- Dental Department, Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Hospital (Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs), Madinah 42324, Saudi Arabia; (O.G.); (M.K.); (H.T.)
| | - Wael Elmalky
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Sadeqi HA, Baig MR, Al-Shammari M. Evaluation of Marginal/Internal Fit and Fracture Load of Monolithic Zirconia and Zirconia Lithium Silicate (ZLS) CAD/CAM Crown Systems. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216346. [PMID: 34771872 PMCID: PMC8585271 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fit accuracy and fracture strength of milled monolithic zirconia (Zi) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) crowns are important parameters determining the success of these restorations. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the marginal and internal fit of monolithic Zi and ZLS crowns, along with the fracture load, with and without mechanical aging. Thirty-two stone dies acquired from a customized master metal molar die were scanned, and ceramic crowns (16 Zi Ceramill Zolid HT+ and 16 ZLS Vita Suprinity) were designed and milled. Absolute marginal discrepancies (AMD), marginal gaps (MG), and internal gaps (IG) of the crowns, in relation to the master metal die, were evaluated using x-ray nanotomography (n = 16). Next, thirty-two metal dies were fabricated based on the master metal die, and crowns (16 Zi; 16 ZLS) cemented and divided into four groups of eight each; eight Zi with mechanical aging (MA), eight Zi without mechanical aging (WMA), eight ZLS (MA), and eight ZLS (WMA). Two groups of crowns (Zi-MA; ZLS-MA) were subjected to 500,000 mechanical cycles (200 ± 50 N, 10 Hz) followed by axial compressive strength testing of all crowns, until failure, and the values were recorded. Independent sample t tests (α = 0.05) revealed no significant differences between Zi and ZLS crowns (p > 0.05); for both internal and marginal gaps, however, there were significant differences in AMD (p < 0.005). Independent samples Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed significant differences between the two materials, Zi and ZLS, regardless of fatigue loading, and for the individual material groups based on aging (α = 0.05). Multiple comparisons using Bonferroni post-hoc analysis showed significant differences between Zi and ZLS material groups, with or without aging. Within the limitations of this study, the ZLS crown fit was found to be on par with Zi, except for the AMD parameter. As regards fracture resistance, both materials survived the normal range of masticatory forces, but the Zi crowns demonstrated greater resistance to fracture. The monolithic Zi and ZLS crowns seem suitable for clinical application, based on the fit and fracture strength values obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen A. Sadeqi
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait; (H.A.S.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Mirza Rustum Baig
- Department of Restorative Sciences (Prosthodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Al-Shammari
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923,
Safat 13110, Kuwait; (H.A.S.); (M.A.-S.)
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Al-Qaysi SH, Saleh ARM, El-Damanhoury HM. Fracture resistance and failure mode of layered translucent zirconia with different crown designs. Dent Mater J 2021; 41:54-59. [PMID: 34483200 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of different veneering design on the fracture resistance and failure mode of layered translucent zirconia crowns, compared to the full monolithic zirconia crowns. Ninety crowns with different designs were divided into six groups (n=15); one fully contoured monolithic crown (FMC), one fully veneered with porcelain (FVC), or four partially veneered designs. All crowns were thermo-cycled, and then loaded to failure in a universal testing machine. The fracture resistance (N) and fracture modes were assessed. One-way ANOVA was performed followed by Tukey's multiple comparison (α<0.05). Results demonstrated that all the tested partially veneered designs exhibited enhanced fracture resistances and were comparable to that of the full-contour monolithic translucent zirconia crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif H Al-Qaysi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University
| | | | - Hatem M El-Damanhoury
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah
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Elashmawy Y, Aboushelib M, Elshahawy W. Retention of different CAD/CAM endocrowns bonded to severely damaged endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2021; 21:269-275. [PMID: 34380814 PMCID: PMC8425367 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_91_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Assess the retention of endocrowns fabricated of different CAD/CAM materials. Settings and Design: In vitro - comparative study. Material and Methods: Root canal treated mandibular first molars were prepared in a standardized method. Standardized endocrowns were manufactured using four CAD-CAM blocks: resin infiltrated ceramic (Vita Enamic), partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Katana), lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), and polyether-ether-keton (PEEK, BioHPP). After proper surface treatment, the restorations were cemented using a resin cement (Panavia F2.0) and were connected to a special attachment unit and secured to a universal testing machine. The amount of axial load required to dislodge the restoration from the tooth structure was measured (n = 12, α = 0.05). Failures were classified as adhesive debonding from the tooth structure without damaging the supporting tooth structure and cohesive fracture of the supporting tooth structure Statistical Analysis Used: One-way analysis of variance,Tukey's post hoc test. Results: The retention of Vita Enamic (61 ± 11 N) and IPS e.max CAD (58 ± 9 N) was significantly higher (F = 123, P < 0.01) than Katana (33 ± 13) and Peek restorations (23 ± 11). Vita Enamic and IPS e.max CAD were associated with fractured tooth segments during debonding while Katana and PEEK specimens were adhesively debonded from the remaining tooth structure. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, using lithium disilicate ceramics and resin infiltrated ceramics as restorative materials to fabricate endocrowns to restore severely damaged endodontically treated teeth, recorded significantly higher retention values. Meanwhile, using yttrium partially stabilized zirconia and polyether ether ketones for the same purpose recorded a favorable mode failure which avoided the possibility of tooth fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Elashmawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Aboushelib
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Waleed Elshahawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
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12
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Zürcher AN, Hjerppe J, Studer S, Lehner C, Sailer I, Jung RE. Clinical outcomes of tooth-supported leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns after a follow-up time of 13-15 years. J Dent 2021; 111:103721. [PMID: 34118285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to investigate the survival rate, technical and biologic complications of leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns after a follow-up time of 13-15 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-three patients with 131 crowns were invited to the follow-up visit. The reconstructions were re-examined clinically and radiographically using the modified USPHS criteria and periodontal parameters of probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI). Patient satisfaction and post-operative sensitivity of the abutment teeth were evaluated with a questionnaire. The overall survival rate and the Kaplan-Meier survival estimate were calculated both on crown and patient level. Technical and biological complications were reported descriptively on crown level. The p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients (12 men, 26 women) with 93 crowns were examined. The overall survival rate of all the crowns was 79.6% after a mean observation period of 14.4 ± 1.2 years. Most of the failures occurred after 11.1 years. The most common clinical failures were inacceptable ceramic fractures or chippings, which occurred in 5 out of 93 crowns (5.4%) and periodontitis, seen in 4 out of 93 teeth (4.3%). The most frequent technical complications were related to occlusal wear. Biological complications were not common. CONCLUSIONS Leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns showed a high survival rate of 79.6% after an observation period of 13-15 years. Ceramic fractures and periodontitis accounted for the majority of clinical failures. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns can be considered a safe and predictable treatment choice for restoring both anterior and posterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anina N Zürcher
- Clinic for Restorative Dentistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jenni Hjerppe
- Clinic for Restorative Dentistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ronald E Jung
- Clinic for Restorative Dentistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Elsayed A, Yazigi C, Kern M, Chaar MS. Mechanical behavior of nano-hybrid composite in comparison to lithium disilicate as posterior cement-retained implant-supported crowns restoring different abutments. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e435-e442. [PMID: 33875247 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resin-based materials are gaining popularity in implant dentistry due to their shock absorption capacity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength and failure mode of resilient materials for both crowns and abutments and compare them to the most widely used materials in different combinations after subjection to long-term fatigue loading. METHODS Forty-eight cement-retained implant-restorations were assembled on titanium implants. Identical custom-made CAD/CAM abutments were milled out of 3 different materials (n = 16); T: titanium, Z: zirconia and P: ceramic-reinforced PEEK. Each group was subdivided, according to the restorative crown material, into two subgroups (n = 8); C: nano-hybrid composite and L: Lithium disilicate. Specimens were subjected to dynamic load of 98 N for 1,200,000 cycles with integrated thermal cycling. The surviving specimens were subjected to quasi-static loading until failure. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test for normality. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was used to detect statistically significant differences between groups. RESULTS All specimens withstood 1,200,000 load cycles. The fracture strength values varied from a minimum of 1639 ± 205 N for group PL to a maximum of 2949 ± 478 N for group ZL. SIGNIFICANCE The abutment material influenced the fracture strength and failure mode of the restoration. A combination of zirconia abutments and nano-hybrid composite showed the most favorable mode of failure within the test groups. Therefore, this combination might be recommended as an alternative for restoring single implants in the posterior area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adham Elsayed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany.
| | - Christine Yazigi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany
| | - Mohamed Sad Chaar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany.
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14
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Durand JC, Slangen P, Montresor S, Desoutter A, Solieman OY, Fages M, Picart P. Behavior of CAD/CAM ceramic veneers under stress: A 3D holographic study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 118:104436. [PMID: 33761374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ceramic veneers restorations may undergo damages, such as cracks, fractures, or debonding. Full-field measurements must be carried out in order to visualize and analyze the strain fields. This paper demonstrates that digital holography permits to investigate the mechanical behavior under stress of a natural incisor and a natural incisor reconstructed with CAD/CAM ceramic veneer. METHODS The facial surface of a maxillary central incisor is prepared to receive a monolithic ceramic reconstruction manufactured using a chairside computer-aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system (Cerec AC® system, Sirona Dental System®, Bensheim, Germany). One incisor is kept intact for comparison. The samples are sectioned longitudinally to obtain a planar observation of the region of interest. A mechanical indentation head and digital holographic set-ups permit a full-field, contact-less and single-shot measurement of the three-dimensional displacement fields at the surface of the tooth sample when subjected to load. Stain fields are then estimated and comparison of the results between two samples can be carried out. RESULTS 3D displacement, fields and strain fields are measured and highlight the behavior of the region of interest in three directions of space for the ceramic veneer and the natural incisor. The strain maps reveal the local behavior, especially the concentration or the sudden change in strain. The transition zones are clearly observed, particularly for the veneered sample. CONCLUSION Digital holography highlights the localization of stress concentration zones in regions of interest and yields comparative analysis between samples with different tooth preparations. SIGNIFICANCE holography permits to visualize and compare the mechanical response of the ceramic veneer and natural tooth. This helps choosing the mechanical properties of the bonding interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-C Durand
- Laboratoire Bioingenierie et Nanosciences, LBN UR-UM104, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Montpellier University, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - P Slangen
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France.
| | - S Montresor
- Le Mans Université, CNRS UMR 6613, LAUM, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - A Desoutter
- Laboratoire Bioingenierie et Nanosciences, LBN UR-UM104, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - O Y Solieman
- Laboratoire Bioingenierie et Nanosciences, LBN UR-UM104, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - M Fages
- Laboratoire Bioingenierie et Nanosciences, LBN UR-UM104, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Montpellier University, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - P Picart
- Le Mans Université, CNRS UMR 6613, LAUM, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
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Pitta J, Hjerppe J, Burkhardt F, Fehmer V, Mojon P, Sailer I. Mechanical stability and technical outcomes of monolithic CAD/CAM fabricated abutment-crowns supported by titanium bases: An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 32:222-232. [PMID: 33258267 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate mechanical stability (survival and complication rates) and bending moments of different all-ceramic monolithic restorations bonded to titanium bases (hybrid abutment-crowns) or to customized titanium abutments compared to porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns (PFM) after thermo-mechanical aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty conical connection implants (4.3 mm-diameter) were divided in five groups (n = 12): PFM using gold abutment (GAbut-PFM), lithium disilicate crown bonded to customized titanium abutment (TAbut+LDS), lithium disilicate abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+LDS), zirconia abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+ZR), polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+PICN). Simultaneous thermocycling (5°-55°C) and chewing simulation (1,200,000-cycles, 49 N, 1.67 Hz) were applied. Catastrophic and non-catastrophic events were evaluated under light microscope, and survival and complication rates were calculated. Specimens that survived aging were loaded until failure and bending moments were calculated. RESULTS Survival rates after aging were 100% (TAbut+LDS, TiBase+LDS), 91.7% (GA-PFM), 66.7% (TiBase+ZR) and 58.3% (TiBase+PICN) and differed among the groups (p = .006). Non-catastrophic events as screw loosening (GA-PFM) and loss of retention or micro-/macro-movement (TiBase groups) were observed. Complication rates varied among the groups (p < .001). TiBase+PICN had lower bending moment than all the other groups (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Hybrid abutment-crowns made of lithium disilicate can be an alternative to PFM-based restorations, although concerns regarding the bonded interface between the titanium base and abutment-crown can be raised. PICN and zirconia may not be recommended due to its inferior mechanical and bonding outcomes, respectively. Titanium customized abutment with bonded lithium disilicate crown appears to be the most stable combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pitta
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jenni Hjerppe
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Prosthodontics and Stomatognathic physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Felix Burkhardt
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Fehmer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Mojon
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lima CM, Silva NRD, Martins JD, Miranda JS, Tanaka R, Souza RODAE, Leite FPP. Effect of different surface treatments on the biaxial flexure strength, Weibull characteristics, roughness, and surface topography of bonded CAD/CAM silica-based ceramics. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e151-e161. [PMID: 33298316 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of different surface treatments on biaxial flexure strength, roughness, and surface topography of lithium silicate/disilicate-based ceramics. METHODS 225 discs (∅: 12 mm; 1.2 mm - ISO 6872) were made from three ceramics: IPS e.max CAD (LD - Ivoclar Vivadent), Suprinity (LSS - Vita) and Celtra Duo (LSC - Dentsply). The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 15): no treatment (C); 10% hydrofluoric acid + silane (HF); sandblasting Al2O3 + silane (SB); silicatization + silane (SC); and self-etching ceramic primer (SEP). After surface treatment, a resin cement layer was applied to the disc surface (RelyX U200, 3M ESPE), mechanical cycled (1.2 × 106 cycles, 50 N, 3.8 Hz) and submitted to biaxial flexural strength test (1 mm/min, 1000 Kgf). Roughness, EDS and SEM were also performed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey test (5%) and Weibull. RESULTS ANOVA revealed that the "surface treatment" factor was significant for all ceramics (p < 0.05). The groups LD-HF (289.30 ± 40) LD-SEP (298. 87 ± 53.29), LSC-HF (195.51 ± 42.12), LSS-HF (269.58 ± 27.07) and LSS-SEP (207.45 ± 28.63) presented significantly higher biaxial flexure strength than respective control groups, except for the LSC-SEP (165.41 ± 33.86), which was statistically similar to the control. The Weibull modulus was significantly higher for the LD-SB, LSC-SC groups. Additionally, the LD-SB, LSC-SC and LSS-HF groups showed higher roughness compared to the other treatments. SIGNIFICANCE HF etching followed by silanization and self-etching ceramic primer are the most suitable surface treatments for lithium silicate/disilicate-based glass-ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Moreira Lima
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Ramos da Silva
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Department of Dentistry, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59056-000, Brazil.
| | - Jordana Dias Martins
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean Soares Miranda
- Braz Cubas University, Department of Dentistry, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho, 1233 - Vila Mogilar, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP: 08773-380, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Tanaka
- University of São Paulo (USP), Dental School, St. João de Santa Maria, 129 - Vila Brasilina, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04158-070, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Department of Dentistry, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59056-000, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Pessôa Pereira Leite
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
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Development of a Weight-Drop Impact Testing Method for Dental Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122803. [PMID: 33256236 PMCID: PMC7760405 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For evaluating the impact strength of dental materials, the Izod test or Charpy test has been used, but specimen preparation for these tests is difficult due to the adjustment of a notch on them. By contrast, a weight-drop impact test does not require notched specimens. Therefore, it might be possible to measure the impact strength more accurately than conventional methods. This study aimed to establish appropriate conditions for applying the weight-drop impact test on small specimens of acrylic resin. To determine the most reliable impact fracture energy of acrylic resins, different diameters and thicknesses of PMMA resin specimens, diameters and weights of the striker, and diameters of the supporting jig were compared. For all specimen thicknesses, when the striker diameter was 6–10 mm, the impact fracture energy was constant when the inner diameter of the specimen-supporting jig was 8–10 mm. In addition, the measured E50% value was mostly equal to the median value of the impact fracture energy. Thus, for the weight-drop impact test, this method was effective for material testing of small specimens, by clearly specifying the test conditions, such as the thickness of disc-shaped specimens, the diameter of the striker, and the inner diameter of the specimen-supporting jig.
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18
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The influence of the restorative material on the mechanical behavior of screw-retained hybrid-abutment-crowns. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 111:103988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Nawafleh N, Bibars AR, Elshiyab S, Janzeer Y. In vitro Simulation of Periodontal Ligament in Fatigue Testing of Dental Crowns. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:380-385. [PMID: 32645731 PMCID: PMC7440937 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatigue testing of restorative material has been appreciated as an appropriate method to evaluate dental restorations. This study aims to investigate the influence of periodontal ligament (PDL) simulation on fatigue and fracture tests results of zirconia crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standard tooth preparation for all ceramic zirconia crown was made on a typodont mandibular molar. The prepared master die was duplicated using epoxy resin to produce 40 replicas. PDL simulation was made by surrounding the root of 20 dies with a 0.3-mm thick silicon layer. The other 20 specimens had no PDL simulation. Zirconia crowns were fabricated using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology and cemented to the epoxy resin dies. Ten crowns from each group were subject to chewing simulation with simultaneous thermocycling (5-55°C). All specimens were then loaded until failure in universal testing machine. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed the normal distribution of data. Descriptive statistic was performed and differences between the groups were analyzed using paired samples t-test. RESULTS All fatigued crowns survived chewing simulation; no failure was observed after finishing simulation. The highest mean fracture load recorded was 3,987 ± 400 N for the no fatigue/no periodontal simulation group. Comparing the mean fracture load of the two groups with periodontal simulation and the two groups with no periodontal simulation showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.5). CONCLUSION Considering the testing set-up applied in this study, simulating PDL using resilient materials does not affect the in vitro survival and fracture resistance of zirconia crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Nawafleh
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel Raheem Bibars
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shareen Elshiyab
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yasmeen Janzeer
- Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Sampaio FBWR, Özcan M, Gimenez TC, Moreira MSNA, Tedesco TK, Morimoto S. Effects of manufacturing methods on the survival rate of ceramic and indirect composite restorations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:561-571. [PMID: 31840412 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Dental Materials Unit University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Thais C. Gimenez
- Master Program in Dentistry Universidade Ibirapuera São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Tamara K. Tedesco
- Master Program in Dentistry Universidade Ibirapuera São Paulo Brazil
| | - Susana Morimoto
- Master Program in Dentistry Universidade Ibirapuera São Paulo Brazil
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Influence of bonding surface and bonding methods on the fracture resistance and survival rate of full-coverage occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic after cyclic loading. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1351-1359. [PMID: 31351579 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the influence of bonding method and type of dental bonding surface on fracture resistance and survival rate of resin bonded occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic after cyclic loading. METHODS Fourty-eight extracted molars were divided into three groups (N=16) depending on the preparation: within enamel, within dentin/enamel or within enamel/composite resin filling. Lithium disilicate occlussal veneers were fabricated with a fissure-cusp thickness of 0.3-0.6mm. Restorations were etched (5% HF), silanated and adhesively luted using a dual-curing luting composite resin. Test groups were divided into two subgroups, one using a only a self-etching primer, the other additionally etching the enamel with phosphoric acid. After water storage (37°C; 21d) and thermocycling (7500 cycles; 5-55°C), specimens were subjected to dynamic loading in a chewing simulator (600,000 cycles; 10kg/2Hz). Surviving specimens were loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine. RESULTS All specimens survived artificial aging, several specimens showed some damage. ANOVA revealed that enamel etching provided statistically significantly (p≤0.05) higher fracture resistance than self-etching when bonding to enamel and dentin. Self-etching provided statistically significant (p≤0.05) higher fracture resistance for the enamel-composite group than for the enamel group. Enamel etching provided statistically significant (p≤0.05) higher fracture resistance for the enamel and dentin group than for groups enamel and enamel-composite. SIGNIFICANCE Etching enamel improved the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers when bonding to dentin and enamel and increased the survival rate when bonding to enamel.
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22
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Yin R, Jang YS, Lee MH, Bae TS. Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Wear Ability of Five CAD/CAM Dental Blocks. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12142252. [PMID: 31336968 PMCID: PMC6678169 DOI: 10.3390/ma12142252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study compares the mechanical properties and wear ability of five CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) millable dental blocks. All the discs, including Amber Mill Hybrid, Vita Enamic, Katana Avencia, Lava Ultimate, and Amber Mill, were cut in dimensions of 1.2 mm in thickness and 12 mm in diameter, polished to a machined surface, and immersed in distilled water for seven days. Vickers hardness was measured and the indentations were observed using microscope. The discs were brushed under a 150 g load. Mean surface roughness (Ra) and topography were determined after 100,000 cycles. Finally the biaxial flexure strength of the discs was measured and the broken surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data was subjected to Weibull analysis. All data were analyzed by one-way analysis (ANOVA). The results of Vickers hardness are shown as: Amber Mill > Vita Enamic > Amber Mill Hybrid > Lava Ultimate > Katana Avencia. Katana Avencia showed the highest volume percentage reduction and the roughest surface after toothbrushing. The biaxial flexural strength is shown as: Amber Mill > Katana Avencia > Lava Ultimate > Amber Mill Hybrid > Vita Enamic. All the tested materials exhibited varying degrees of mass loss and surface roughness. The properties of the composite materials are related to the filler content, filler volume, and polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Yin
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Duckjin-dong, Jeonju-city 561-756, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Jang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Duckjin-dong, Jeonju-city 561-756, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Duckjin-dong, Jeonju-city 561-756, Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Bae
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, Duckjin-dong, Jeonju-city 561-756, Korea.
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Bergamo ET, Bordin D, Ramalho IS, Lopes AC, Gomes RS, Kaizer M, Witek L, Bonfante EA, Coelho PG, Del Bel Cury AA. Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate crowns: Effect of thickness on survival and failure mode. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1007-1016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Li X, Zhu ZM, Li ZY, Zhou JR, Chen WC. [All-ceramic premolar guiding plate retains resin-bonded fixed partial dentures]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:285-289. [PMID: 31218863 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the fracture resistance and short-term restorative effects of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) made from heat-pressed lithium-disilicate-based glass-ceramic (IPS e.max press) and zirconia ceramic (WIELAND) and retained by all-ceramic guiding plates when used to restore missing mandibular second premolars. METHODS A total of 64 human mandibular first premolars and first molars were prepared as abutments, then were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8): E0, heat-pressed ceramic RBFPDs, no cyclic loading; E1, heat-pressed ceramic RBFPDs exposed to 300 000 cycles of dynamic loading; W0, zirconia ceramic RBFPDs, no cyclic loading; and W1, zirconia ceramic RBFPDs exposed to 300 000 cycles of dynamic loading. Fracture strength was tested in a universal testing machine. RESULTS The medians of fracture strength were 1 242.85 N±260.11 N (E0), 1 650.85 N±206.77 N (W0), 1 062.60 N±179.98 N (E1), and 1 167.61 N±265.50 N (W1). Statistical analysis showed that all the groups exhibited significantly higher fracture strength compared with the maximum bite force in the premolar region (360 N; P<0.001). The W0 group had significantly higher fracture strength than the E0 group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, no significant difference in fracture strength was observed between the E1 and W1 groups (P>0.05). Significant statistical differences were found between the zirconia ceramic groups (W0 and W1, P<0.05) but not between the glassceramic groups (E0 and E1, P>0.05) after dynamic loading. CONCLUSIONS The RBFPDs retained by all-ceramic guiding plates exhibited promising fracture properties and optimal short-term restorative effects when used to restore missing mandibular second premolars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;Nanyuan Outpatient Department, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zi-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin-Ru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Al-Akhali M, Kern M, Elsayed A, Samran A, Chaar MS. Influence of thermomechanical fatigue on the fracture strength of CAD-CAM-fabricated occlusal veneers. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:644-650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Simplified Surface Treatments for Ceramic Cementation: Use of Universal Adhesive and Self-Etching Ceramic Primer. Int J Biomater 2019; 2018:2598073. [PMID: 30693033 PMCID: PMC6332979 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2598073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of resin cement and lithium disilicate ceramic after various surface treatments of the ceramic. Sixty blocks of ceramic (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) were obtained. After cleaning, they were placed in polyvinyl chloride tubes with acrylic resin. The blocks were divided into six groups (n=10) depending on surface treatment: H/S/A - 10% Hydrofluoric Acid + Silane + Adhesive, H/S -10% Hydrofluoric Acid + Silane, H/S/UA - 10% Hydrofluoric Acid + Silane + Universal Adhesive, H/UA- 10% Hydrofluoric Acid + Universal Adhesive, MBEP/A - Monobond Etch & Prime + Adhesive, and MBEP - Monobond Etch & Prime. The light-cured resin cement (Variolink Esthetic LC, Ivoclar Vivadent) was inserted in a mold placed over the treated area of the ceramics and photocured with an LED for 20 s to produce cylinders (3 mm x 3 mm). The samples were subjected to a shear bond strength test in a universal test machine (Instron 5965) by 0.5 mm/min. ANOVA and Tukey tests showed a statistically significant difference between groups (p<0.05). The results of the shear strength test were H/S/A (9.61±2.50)A, H/S (10.22±3.28)A, H/S/UA (7.39±2.02)ABC, H/UA (4.28±1.32)C, MBEP/A (9.01±1.97)AB, and MBEP (6.18±2.75)BC. The H/S group showed cohesive failures, and the H/UA group was the only one that presented adhesive failures. The conventional treatment with hydrofluoric acid and silane showed the best bond strength. The use of a new ceramic primer associated with adhesive bonding obtained similar results to conventional surface treatment, being a satisfactory alternative to replace the use of hydrofluoric acid.
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Effects of artificial aging and progression of cracks on thin occlusal veneers using SD-OCT. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 88:231-237. [PMID: 30193181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial aging on thin glass-ceramic occlusal premolar veneers, adhesively bonded to dentin, by examining the changes caused by artificial aging using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In addition, the development of cracks in the ceramic veneers and their possible influence on the behavior of the ceramic restorations were examined. METHODS In total, 48 extracted sound upper premolars were prepared in the dentin for occlusal veneers milled from lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein). All restorations were adhesively bonded using resin cement (Variolink Esthetic DC, Ivoclar Vivadent). Specimens were 3-dimensionally and 2-dimensionally imaged by SD-OCT (Telesto II, Thorlabs GmbH, Germany), then subjected to thermal-dynamic loading in a chewing simulator with 1,200,000 cycles at a load of 10 kg. Specimens were 2D and 3D imaged again after the artificial aging. Finally, they were subjected to quasi-static loading using a universal testing machine until failure occurred and later examined microscopically to assess the mode of failure. ANOVA test was performed for statistical analysis of data and Tukey's post-hoc test was used to compare the groups at 5% significance level. Chi-Square Test and Fischer's Exact Test of Independence were conducted to test the association between nominal variables. RESULTS No changes or irregularities were observed in the cement layer or tooth substrate after the aging process. However, wear of the ceramic was noticed at the surface of contact with the antagonist during the test. The development of cracks was detected in 23% of the specimens. Cracks did not affect the fracture strength (p > 0.05) but influenced the mode of failure (p ≤ 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE Optical coherence tomography allows an easy and non-invasive method to internally scan teeth and restorations. Development of cracks in the ceramic did not affect the fracture strength of the restorations but might lead to a more catastrophic type of failure.
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Hydrofluoric acid concentrations: Effect on the cyclic load-to-failure of machined lithium disilicate restorations. Dent Mater 2018; 34:e255-e263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Furtado de Mendonca A, Shahmoradi M, Gouvêa CVDD, De Souza GM, Ellakwa A. Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of CAD/CAM Materials for Monolithic Dental Restorations. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e587-e594. [PMID: 30121945 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine and compare the microstructure, flexural strength, flexural modulus, fracture strength, and microhardness of four types of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials for monolithic dental restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A lithium disilicate (LD; IPS e.max CAD), a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS; VITA Suprinity), a hybrid high-performance polymer (HPP) composite resin (GC Cerasmart), and a hybrid polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) material (VITA Enamic) were used to manufacture monolithic ceramic posterior crowns (n = 10) that were adhesively cemented on resin-based composite dies and loaded until fracture. In addition, 40 rectangular bars (n = 10) were milled and polished for three-point flexural strength testing. Microhardness (Vickers indentation), as well as quantitative (energy dispersive spectroscopy) and qualitative (scanning electron microscopy) structural analysis were conducted on fracture surfaces. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test (p = 0.05). RESULTS Mechanical testing results showed that the material type has a significant effect on the fracture strength (p < 0.0001) of the monolithic crowns with ZLS and LD presenting significantly higher fracture strength than the PICN and HPP hybrid materials. LD showed the highest flexural strength (p < 0.0001) followed by ZLS, HPP, and PICN, respectively. The lowest flexural modulus and hardness were presented by HPP whereas ZLS had the highest flexural modulus and hardness. The LD presented the highest modulus of resilience and the PICN the lowest. CONCLUSIONS All CAD/CAM crown materials exhibited high values of fracture and flexural resistance, making them suitable materials for posterior full-crown restorations. Glass-ceramics suffered more from catastrophic and nonreparable fracture patterns, whereas minimal chipping and type II fracture patterns were more common in hybrid materials. The combination of more flexibility, less stiffness, and increased softness with satisfactory flexural and fracture strength values observed in PICN and HPP makes these two hybrid materials suitable choices for chairside monolithic crown fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Shahmoradi
- Oral Rehabilitation & Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Grace M De Souza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ayman Ellakwa
- Oral Rehabilitation & Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Scherer MM, Prochnow C, Venturini AB, Pereira GKR, Burgo TADL, Rippe MP, Valandro LF. Fatigue failure load of an adhesively-cemented lithium disilicate glass-ceramic: Conventional ceramic etching vs etch & prime one-step primer. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1134-1143. [PMID: 29789162 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of different glass-ceramic surface treatments and aging on the fatigue failure load of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic adhesively cemented to a dentin analogue material. METHODS One hundred and twenty (120) disc-shaped lithium disilicate specimens (Ø=10mm, thickness=1.5mm) were produced and randomly allocated (n=20) into 6 groups, considering 2 study factors: "surface treatment" in 3 levels (SIL-silane application only; HF5+SIL-5% hydrofluoric acid etching and silane application; ME&P-etching with an one-step ceramic primer), and "storage" in 2 levels (baseline-storage for 7 days; aging-storage for 90 days+12,000 thermal cycles). Ceramic discs were adhesively cemented to discs of a dentin analogue material (Ø=10mm, thickness=2.0mm) following the manufacturers' instructions. The fatigue failure load was determined by the staircase approach (250,000 cycles; 20Hz; initial load=1050N [∼70% of mean load-to-failure]; step size=52.5N [5% of initial load]). Micro-morphologic, fractographic, and atomic force microscope analysis were also performed. Fatigue failure load data were evaluated by one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni and t-tests for independent samples. RESULTS HF5+SIL presented higher fatigue failure load in both conditions (baseline and aging); ME&P presented intermediary mean values, while the SIL group presented the worst performance. All groups had a statistically significant decrease in the fatigue performance after aging. SIGNIFICANCE Hydrofluoric acid followed by silane application showed the best fatigue performance for an adhesively-cemented lithium disilicate ceramic. Aging negatively influenced the fatigue performance for all tested groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitê Munhoz Scherer
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Catina Prochnow
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Borin Venturini
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; MSciD Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty-IMED, Senador Pinheiro Street, 304, Vila Rodrigues, 99070220, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Augusto de Lima Burgo
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima Avenue, 1000, Camobi, 97105900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Marília Pivetta Rippe
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Marechal Floriano Peixoto Street, 1184, Centro, 97015372, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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Comparative Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation and Fracture Strength of Different Ceramic Inlays Produced by CEREC Omnicam and Heat-Pressed Technique. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:5152703. [PMID: 29853894 PMCID: PMC5944286 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5152703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate marginal adaptation and fracture strength of inlays produced by CEREC Omnicam using different types of blocs and heat-pressed technique. Methods: Seventy-five extracted human mandibular molars were divided randomly into 5 groups (n=15). 60 molars in four groups received MOD inlay preparations. Experimental groups were CO: Intact teeth, EC: IPS e.max CAD and CEREC, LU: Lava Ultimate and CEREC, EL: IPS Empress CAD and CEREC, EP: IPS Empress Esthetic ingots and heat-pressed technique. Marginal gap measurements were taken with a stereomicroscope. Restorations were cemented with Variolink N and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. All samples were subjected to thermocycling. The fracture strength of specimens was determined at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed until fracture. Fracture modes were determined. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance for fracture strength data and Kruskal–Wallis for marginal gap data (p=0.05). Results The mean marginal gap size of EC, LU, EL, and EP were 33.54 µm, 33.77 µm, 34.23 µm, and 85.34 µm, respectively. EP had statistically higher values than other groups. The fracture strength values were significantly higher in the intact teeth group (3959,00 ± 1279,79 N) than those of restored groups EC (2408,00 ± 607,97 N), LU (2206,73 ± 675,16), EL (2573.27 ± 644,73) ve EP (2879,53 ± 897,30). Conclusion Inlays fabricated using CEREC Omnicam demonstrated better marginal adaptation than inlays produced with heat-pressed technique, whereas fracture strength values of inlays fabricated with different type of blocks using CEREC Omnicam exhibited similarity to those fabricated with heat-pressed technique.
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Fracture load of metal-ceramic, monolithic, and bi-layered zirconia-based posterior fixed dental prostheses after thermo-mechanical cycling. J Dent 2018; 73:97-104. [PMID: 29678585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the fracture load of differently fabricated 3-unit posterior fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) with an intermediate pontic. METHODS Fifty sets of two stainless-steel abutments were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 each) depending on the material and technique used for manufacturing the FDPs: (1) Metal-ceramic (MC, control); (2) Lava Zirconia (LZ, bi-layered); (3) Lava Plus (LM, monolithic); (4) VITA In-Ceram YZ (YZ, bi-layered); and (5) IPS e-max ZirCAD (ZZ, bi-layered). After being luted to the dies, all FDPs were submitted to thermo-mechanical cycling (120,000 masticatory cycles, 50 N; plus 774 thermal cycles of 5 °C/55 °C, dwell time: 30 s). Samples were then subjected to a three-point bending test until fracture in a universal testing machine (cross-head speed: 1 mm/min). Fracture load of the veneering ceramic (VF) and total fracture load (TF) were recorded. Microstructure and failure patterns were assessed. Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS MC restorations recorded higher VF and TF values than did zirconia FDPs (p = 0.0001), which showed no between-group differences. Within the bi-layered groups, TF was significantly higher than VF. LM pieces registered lower average grain size than did LZ specimens (p = 0.001). Overall, the connector was the weakest part. CONCLUSIONS All of the groups tested could withstand clinical chewing forces in terms of average fracture load. Zirconia-based samples performed similarly to each other, but showed lower mean fracture load values than did metal-ceramic ones. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Monolithic zirconia may be recommendable for solving the chipping problem.
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Nawafleh NA, Hatamleh MM, Öchsner A, Mack F. Fracture load and survival of anatomically representative monolithic lithium disilicate crowns with reduced tooth preparation and ceramic thickness. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9:416-422. [PMID: 29279760 PMCID: PMC5741444 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.6.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of reducing tooth preparation and ceramic thickness on fracture resistance of lithium disilicate crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimen preparation included a standard complete crown preparation of a typodont mandibular left first molar with an occlusal reduction of 2 mm, proximal/axial wall reduction of 1.5 mm, and 1.0 mm deep chamfer (Group A). Another typodont mandibular first molar was prepared with less tooth reduction: 1 mm occlusal and proximal/axial wall reduction and 0.8 mm chamfer (Group B). Twenty crowns were milled from each preparation corresponding to control group (n=5) and conditioned group of simultaneous thermal and mechanical loading in aqueous environment (n=15). All crowns were then loaded until fracture to determine the fracture load. RESULTS The mean (SD) fracture load values (in Newton) for Group A were 2340 (83) and 2149 (649), and for Group B, 1752 (134) and 1054 (249) without and with fatigue, respectively. Reducing tooth preparation thickness significantly decreased fracture load of the crowns at baseline and after fatigue application. After fatigue, the mean fracture load statistically significantly decreased (P<.001) in Group B; however, it was not affected (P>.05) in Group A. CONCLUSION Reducing the amount of tooth preparation by 0.5 mm on the occlusal and proximal/axial wall with a 0.8 mm chamfer significantly reduced fracture load of the restoration. Tooth reduction required for lithium disilicate crowns is a crucial factor for a long-term successful application of this all-ceramic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor A Nawafleh
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Muhanad M Hatamleh
- Maxillofacial Department, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andreas Öchsner
- School of engineering, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Florian Mack
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Al-Akhali M, Chaar MS, Elsayed A, Samran A, Kern M. Fracture resistance of ceramic and polymer-based occlusal veneer restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Roy AK, Mohan D, Sunith M, Mandokar RB, Suprasidh S, Rajan S. Comparison of Shear Bond Strengths of Conventional Resin Cement and Self-adhesive Resin Cement bonded to Lithium Disilicate: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:881-886. [PMID: 28989124 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strengths of conventional resin cement and self-adhesive resin cement bonded to lithium disilicate. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 extracted human molar teeth were mounted in self-cure acrylic resin. Teeth were prepared to obtain flat occlusal surface. About 40 lithium disilicate specimens of dimension-10 mm in diameter and thickness of 2 mm-were fabricated using lost wax technique. The samples were divided into four groups: Groups I, II, III, and IV (n = 10). The specimens were surface treated with Monobond S silane coupling agent. Self-etching primer and bonding agent were applied on the bonding surface of the teeth in groups I and III. The specimens were bonded to the primed teeth with the Multilink N resin cement and subjected to the universal testing machine. The specimens were light-cured. Specimens in groups II and IV were luted to teeth using self-adhesive cement RelyX U100. The same force was applied over the specimen as mentioned above. Excess cement was removed, and light curing was done. The specimens in groups III and IV were subjected to thermocycling for 10,000 cycles at temperatures altering between 5°C and 55°C. RESULTS The shear bond strengths of conventional resin cement and self-adhesive resin cement with lithium disilicate were tested before and after thermocycling. Results indicated that thermocycling has no significant effect on the bond strengths of conventional or self-adhesive resin cement. However, from the study, it is seen that conventional resin cement had a higher shear bond strength value than the self-adhesive resin cement. CONCLUSION There was a significant difference between the average shear bond strength values of conventional resin cement (Multilink N) and self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100) when bonded to lithium disilicate disks, and thermocycling had no significant effect on the bond strength of conventional or self-adhesive resin cements. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Among all-ceramic systems available, lithium disilicate materials have emerged as an excellent esthetic material for fabrication of anterior and posterior crowns and three-unit anterior fixed partial dentures because of their high translucency and improved optical properties. For successful clinical outcomes, the luting agent should have high bond strength not only to the ceramic surface, but also to the tooth surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anip K Roy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Purvanchal Institute of Dental Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, e-mail:
| | - Dennis Mohan
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Pariyaram Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - M Sunith
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Pariyaram Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - Rashmi B Mandokar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - S Suprasidh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sankara Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Soumya Rajan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sankara Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Johnson GH, Lepe X, Patterson A, Schäfer O. Simplified cementation of lithium disilicate crowns: Retention with various adhesive resin cement combinations. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 119:826-832. [PMID: 28967395 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM A composite resin cement and matching self-etch adhesive was developed to simplify the dependable retention of lithium disilicate crowns. The efficacy of this new system is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether lithium disilicate crowns cemented with a new composite resin and adhesive system and 2 other popular systems provide clinically acceptable crown retention after long-term aging with monthly thermocycling. MATERIAL AND METHODS Extracted human molars were prepared with a flat occlusal surface, 20-degree convergence, and 4 mm axial length. The axio-occlusal line angle was slightly rounded. The preparation surface area was determined by optical scanning and the analysis of the standard tessellation language (STL) files. The specimens were distributed into 3 cement groups (n=12) to obtain equal mean surface areas. Lithium disilicate crowns (IPS e.max Press) were fabricated for each preparation, etched with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid for 15 seconds, and cleaned. Cement systems were RelyX Ultimate with Scotch Bond Universal (3M Dental Products); Monobond S, Multilink Automix with Multilink Primer A and B (Ivoclar Vivadent AG); and NX3 Nexus with OptiBond XTR (Kerr Corp). Each adhesive provided self-etching of the dentin. Before cementation, the prepared specimens were stored in 35°C water. A force of 196 N was used to cement the crowns, and the specimens were polymerized in a 35°C oven at 100% humidity. After 24 hours of storage at 100% humidity, the cemented crowns were thermocycled (5°C to 55°C) for 5000 cycles each month for 6 months. The crowns were removed axially at 0.5 mm/min. The removal force was recorded and the dislodgement stress calculated using the preparation surface area. The type of cement failure was recorded, and the data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and the chi-square test (α=.05) after the equality of variances had been assessed with the Levene test. RESULTS The Levene test was nonsignificant (P=.936). The ANOVA revealed the mean removal stresses, and forces did not differ for RelyX Ultimate with Scotchbond Universal (3.9 MPa; 522 N) and Multilink Automix with Multilink Primer (3.7 MPa; 511 N); both differed significantly (P=.022) from the mean for NX3 Nexus with OptiBond XTR (2.9 MPa; 387 N). For all 3 cements, the modes of failure showed cement principally on the crown intaglio, and the chi-square analysis was nonsignificant (P=.601). CONCLUSIONS IPS e.max Press (lithium disilicate) crowns were well retained (2.9-3.9 MPa; 387-522 N) by the 3 cement-adhesive combinations after 6 months of aging with monthly thermocycling. These results can serve as a basis for cement selection for this type of crown because the values significantly exceeded those for zinc phosphate. Cements using their matched dentin bonding agent as the ceramic primer were as successful as cements with a separate silane coupling agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen H Johnson
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Xavier Lepe
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Wash
| | - Amanda Patterson
- Doctoral student, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Oliver Schäfer
- Assistant Professor, Center for Dental Medicine, Policlinic and Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Material Science, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Influence of various bonding techniques on the fracture strength of thin CAD/CAM-fabricated occlusal glass-ceramic veneers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:504-511. [PMID: 28843882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficiency of immediate dentin sealing and the effects of different bonding protocols on the fracture strength of CAD/CAM occlusal veneers bonded to exposed dentin. METHODS Ninety-six extracted maxillary premolars were initially divided into three main groups with 32 specimens each: without immediate dentin sealing, immediate dentin sealing/total etching and immediate dentin sealing/selective etching. Teeth were identically prepared in the dentin to receive occlusal veneers of 0.8mm thickness, milled from lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD). Each main group was later subdivided, according to the pre-cementation surface etching protocol (total/selective), into two subgroups with 16 specimens each. All restorations were adhesively bonded using a resin cement (Variolink Esthetic). Half of the specimens of each subgroup were subjected to thermo-dynamic loading in a chewing simulator with 1,200,000 cycles at 10kg load. The other half and the surviving specimens were subjected to quasi-static loading until failure. Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests. RESULTS All specimens except one survived the artificial aging. A significantly higher fracture strength of restorations (p ≤ 0.001) was obtained when immediate dentin sealing was followed regardless of the etching method with values ranging from a minimum of 1122 ± 336N to a maximum of 1853 ± 333N. Neither the pre-cementation treatment nor the artificial aging had a statistical significant effect on the fracture strength. SIGNIFICANCE Immediate dentin sealing protocol is recommended whenever dentin is exposed during the preparation for thin glass-ceramic occlusal veneers.
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Elsayed A, Wille S, Al-Akhali M, Kern M. Comparison of fracture strength and failure mode of different ceramic implant abutments. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:499-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rauber GB, Bernardon JK, Vieira LCC, Maia HP, Horn F, Roesler CRDM. In Vitro Fatigue Resistance of Teeth Restored With Bulk Fill versus Conventional Composite Resin. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:452-7. [PMID: 27652710 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the fatigue resistance of restored teeth with bulk fill composite resin, conventional composite resin with incremental insertion and unprepared sound teeth. Twenty-eight extracted maxillary premolars were selected and divided into 4 groups based on composite resin and insertion technique: control (C), conventional composite resin with incremental insertion (I) and bulk fill composite resin with three (BF3) or single increment (BF1). The restored specimens were submitted to fatigue resistance test with a 5 Hz frequency. An initial application of 5,000 sinusoidal load cycles with a minimum force of 50 N and a maximum force of 200 N was used. Next, were applied stages of 30,000 load cycles with the maximum force increasing gradually: 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 N. The test was concluded when 185,000 load cycles were achieved or the specimen failed. The fatigue resistance data were recorded for comparison, using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and analyzed by log-rank test at 0.05 significance. Fractures were classified based on the position of the failure - above or below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). Statistical analysis of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test showed a significant difference between groups (p=0.001). The fracture analysis demonstrated that only 28.58% of failures were below the CEJ in group C, while for groups I, BF1 and BF3 they were 42.85%, 85.71% and 85.71%, respectively. Teeth restored with composite bulk fill in both techniques present similar fatigue resistance values compared with those restored with a conventional incremental insertion of composite, while the fatigue strength values of unprepared sound teeth were higher. Furthermore, unprepared sound teeth showed a lower percentage of fractures below the CEJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Branco Rauber
- Department of Operative Dentistry, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jussara Karina Bernardon
- Department of Operative Dentistry, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz Clovis Cardoso Vieira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Pires Maia
- Department of Operative Dentistry, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Françoá Horn
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory, University Hospital, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rodrigo de Mello Roesler
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory, University Hospital, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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ZIMMERMANN M, EGLI G, ZARUBA M, MEHL A. Influence of material thickness on fractural strength of CAD/CAM fabricated ceramic crowns. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:778-783. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz ZIMMERMANN
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Gustav EGLI
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Markus ZARUBA
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Albert MEHL
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
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Sagsoz O, Demirci T, Demirci G, Sagsoz NP, Yildiz M. The effects of different polishing techniques on the staining resistance of CAD/CAM resin-ceramics. J Adv Prosthodont 2016; 8:417-422. [PMID: 28018558 PMCID: PMC5179479 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to evaluate the staining resistance of CAD/CAM resin-ceramics polished with different techniques and to determine the effectiveness of the polishing techniques on resin-ceramics, comparing it with that of a glazed glass-ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four different CAD/CAM ceramics (feldspathic ceramic: C-CEREC Blocs, (SIRONA) and three resin-ceramics: L-Lava Ultimate, (3M ESPE), E-Enamic, (VITA) and CS-CeraSmart, (GC)) and one light cure composite resin: ME-Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (Kuraray) were used. Only C samples were glazed (gl). Other restorations were divided into four groups according to the polishing technique: nonpolished control group (c), a group polished with light cure liquid polish (Biscover LV BISCO) (bb), a group polished with ceramic polishing kit (Diapol, EVE) (cd), and a group polished with composite polishing kit (Clearfil Twist Dia, Kuraray) (kc). Glazed C samples and the polished samples were further divided into four subgroups and immersed into different solutions: distilled water, tea, coffee, and fermented black carrot juice. Eight samples (8 × 8 × 1 mm) were prepared for each subgroup. According to CIELab system, four color measurements were made: before immersion, immersion after 1 day, after 1 week, and after 1 month. Data were analyzed with repeated measures of ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS The highest staining resistance was found in gl samples. There was no difference among gl, kc and cd (P>.05). Staining resistance of gl was significantly higher than that of bb (P<.05). Staining resistances of E and CS were significantly higher than those of L and ME (P<.05). CONCLUSION Ceramic and composite polishing kits can be used for resin ceramics as a counterpart of glazing procedure used for full ceramic materials. Liquid polish has limited indications for resin ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Sagsoz
- Department of Restorative Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Demirci
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gamze Demirci
- Department of Restorative Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Polat Sagsoz
- Department of Dental Prosthetic Technologies, Health Services Vocational School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yildiz
- Department of Restorative Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Özcan M, Jonasch M. Effect of Cyclic Fatigue Tests on Aging and Their Translational Implications for Survival of All-Ceramic Tooth-Borne Single Crowns and Fixed Dental Prostheses. J Prosthodont 2016; 27:364-375. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mutlu Özcan
- Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine; Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Zürich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Moritz Jonasch
- Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine; Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Zürich; Zurich Switzerland
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Gillette C, Buck R, DuVall N, Cushen S, Wajdowicz M, Roberts H. Premolar Axial Wall Height Effect on CAD/CAM Crown Retention. Oper Dent 2016; 41:666-671. [PMID: 27820688 DOI: 10.2341/16-086-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the significance of reduced axial wall height on retention of adhesively luted, all-ceramic, lithium disilicate premolar computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns based on preparations with a near ideal total occlusal convergence of 10°. METHODS Forty-eight recently extracted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n=12). Each group received all-ceramic CAD/CAM crown preparations featuring axial wall heights of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mm, respectively, all with a 10° total occlusal convergence. Scanned preparations were fitted with lithium disilicate all-ceramic crowns that were luted with a self-etching resin cement. Specimens were tested to failure at a 45° angle to the tooth long axis with failure load converted to megapascals (MPa) based on the measured bonding surface area. Mean data were analyzed using analysis of variance/Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). RESULTS Lithium disilicate crowns adhesively luted on preparations with 0 axial wall height demonstrated significantly less failure resistance compared with the crowns luted on preparations with axial wall heights of 1 to 3 mm. There was no failure stress difference between preparations with 1 to 3 mm axial wall height. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of this study, adhesively luted lithium disilicate bicuspid crowns with a total occlusal convergence of 10° demonstrated similar failure resistance independent of axial wall height of 1 to 3 mm. This study provides some evidence that adhesion combined with an ideal total occlusal convergence may compensate for reduced axial wall height.
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Hamza TA, Attia MA, El-Hossary MMK, Mosleh IE, Shokry TE, Wee AG. Flexural strength of small connector designs of zirconia-based partial fixed dental prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:224-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Turk AG, Ulusoy M, Yuce M, Akin H. Effect of different veneering techniques on the fracture strength of metal and zirconia frameworks. J Adv Prosthodont 2016; 7:454-9. [PMID: 26816575 PMCID: PMC4722149 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.6.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether the fracture strengths and failure types differed between metal and zirconia frameworks veneered with pressable or layering ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phantom molar tooth was prepared and duplicated in 40 cobalt-chromium abutments. Twenty metal (IPS d.SIGN 15, Ivoclar, Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and 20 zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar) frameworks were fabricated on the abutments. Each framework group was randomly divided into 2 subgroups according to the veneering material: pressable and layering ceramics (n=10). Forty molar crowns were fabricated, cemented onto the corresponding abutments and then thermocycled (5-55℃, 10,000 cycles). A load was applied in a universal testing machine until a fracture occurred on the crowns. In addition, failure types were examined using a stereomicroscope. Fracture load data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS The highest strength value was seen in metal-pressable (MP) group, whereas zirconia-pressable (ZP) group exhibited the lowest one. Moreover, group MP showed significantly higher fracture loads than group ZP (P=.015) and zirconia-layering (ZL) (P=.038) group. No significant difference in fracture strength was detected between groups MP and ML, and groups ZP and ZL (P>.05). Predominant fracture types were cohesive for metal groups and adhesive for zirconia groups. CONCLUSION Fracture strength of a restoration with a metal or a zirconia framework was independent of the veneering techniques. However, the pressing technique over metal frameworks resisted significantly higher fracture loads than zirconia frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Gozde Turk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mubin Ulusoy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Akin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Vicente M, Gomes AL, Montero J, Rosel E, Seoane V, Albaladejo A. Influence of cyclic loading on the adhesive effectiveness of resin-zirconia interface after femtosecond laser irradiation and conventional surface treatments. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 48:36-44. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Vicente
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine); University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra; s/n, 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Ana L. Gomes
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine); University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra; s/n, 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Javier Montero
- Contracted Professor of Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine); University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra; s/n, 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Eva Rosel
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Odontology); University of Granada. Colegio Máximo, Campus Universitario de Cartuja; 18011 Granada Spain
| | - Vicente Seoane
- Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine); University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra; s/n, 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Alberto Albaladejo
- Contracted Professor of Dental Clinic (Faculty of Medicine); University of Salamanca. Paseo Universidad de Coimbra; s/n, 37007 Salamanca Spain
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Preis V, Behr M, Hahnel S, Rosentritt M. Influence of cementation on in vitro performance, marginal adaptation and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM-fabricated ZLS molar crowns. Dent Mater 2015; 31:1363-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nawafleh N, Hatamleh M, Elshiyab S, Mack F. Lithium Disilicate Restorations Fatigue Testing Parameters: A Systematic Review. J Prosthodont 2015; 25:116-26. [PMID: 26505638 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review laboratory studies that investigated fatigue resistance of lithium disilicate (LD) crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) to elucidate study designs and testing parameters. METHODS An electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid to identify in vitro studies that investigated fatigue resistance of LD crowns and FDPs. The search included all studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals in the period from 1998 to June 2014. The search followed a specific strategy that included combination of the following keywords: lithium disilicate, e.max, empress, all-ceramic, all ceramic, glass ceramic, fatigue, cyclic loading, dynamic loading, chewing simulator, fracture resistance, thermocycling, laboratory simulation, aging, crown, FDPs, FPDs, fixed partial denture, fixed dental prosthesis, and bridge. Studies were selected if mechanical and thermal loading parameters were clearly identified. Search results with abstracts were transferred into Endnote reference system, and duplicates were deleted. The remaining studies were then reviewed at three levels (title, abstract, full text) to further refine the articles. RESULTS The initial search retrieved 1044 eligible studies. After deduplication, 864 records were examined by titles and then abstracts; 826 were excluded, and 38 were assessed by full-text reading. In total, 19 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in this study. CONCLUSION The studies reviewed showed a level of heterogeneity, as testing parameters were considered through different setups. The current study demonstrated that various setting of the testing parameters and having a lack of testing standardization has likely led to inconsistency in the reported results. The obvious heterogeneity in the setting of testing variables-especially the magnitude of load and number of cycles applied-made it impractical to run direct comparisons between the reviewed studies. Therefore, specific international standardization of fatigue testing of dental restorations is urgently needed to ensure the delivery of consistent, indicative, and comparable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Nawafleh
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Muhanad Hatamleh
- Cranio-Maxillofacial Prosthetics Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shareen Elshiyab
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Florian Mack
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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Campos RE, Soares PV, Versluis A, de O. Júnior OB, Ambrosano GM, Nunes IF. Crown fracture: Failure load, stress distribution, and fractographic analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 114:447-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sasse M, Krummel A, Klosa K, Kern M. Influence of restoration thickness and dental bonding surface on the fracture resistance of full-coverage occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic. Dent Mater 2015; 31:907-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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